EP0276460B1 - Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0276460B1
EP0276460B1 EP87118963A EP87118963A EP0276460B1 EP 0276460 B1 EP0276460 B1 EP 0276460B1 EP 87118963 A EP87118963 A EP 87118963A EP 87118963 A EP87118963 A EP 87118963A EP 0276460 B1 EP0276460 B1 EP 0276460B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thyristor
circuit
capacitor
series
smoothing capacitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87118963A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0276460A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen Fähnrich
Anton Zuchtriegel
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Osram GmbH
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Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Priority to AT87118963T priority Critical patent/ATE68657T1/en
Publication of EP0276460A1 publication Critical patent/EP0276460A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2985—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/285—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2851—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2855—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for high-frequency operation of a low-pressure discharge lamp in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • a shutdown device is known from DE-OS 29 41 822, as it is listed in the preamble of the first claim.
  • This switch-off device contains a trigger circuit with a precisely dimensioned diac, which switches the thyristor off with a delay of approximately one second.
  • a delay time of up to one second is too long for a circuit arrangement with a harmonic filter designed as a pump system, since a voltage rise at the smoothing capacitor can already occur in much shorter times.
  • the trigger circuit should also be able to be created from as few and inexpensive components as possible.
  • the capacitors of the active harmonic filter on the smoothing capacitor cause a voltage rise. If the voltage rise exceeds the breakdown voltage of the one or more Zener diodes of the trigger circuit connected in series, these diodes switch through and thus trigger the cut-off thyristor directly. This then also changes into a conductive state and thus withdraws the control power from the transistor connected to the positive pole of the line rectifier. The transistor is blocked and the oscillation of the push-pull frequency generator ends. The thyristor is protected and its switching accuracy is ensured by connecting the gate of the thyristor via a resistor to the cathode of the thyristor.
  • the circuit arrangement can be used to operate one, a plurality of low-pressure discharge lamps connected in parallel or also a number of series-connected low-pressure discharge lamps.
  • the block diagram in FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of a circuit arrangement according to the invention for a low-pressure discharge lamp.
  • the circuit arrangement includes a high-frequency filter 1, a line rectifier 2 and a push-pull frequency generator with a control circuit 3, the switching transistors of which bridge the DC output of the line rectifier 2.
  • the low-pressure discharge lamp LP1 is connected between the center tap M1 of the switching transistors and the positive pole of the mains rectifier 2 via a series resonant circuit 4.
  • an active harmonic filter 5 is provided, which is connected on the one hand to the positive pole of the mains rectifier 2 and on the other hand to the center tap M1.
  • the circuit arrangement has a shutdown device.
  • the latter consists of a series connection of a diode D12, a resistor R7 and a thyristor TH and a resistor R8.
  • the series connection connects the base of the transistor T1 to the negative pole of the mains rectifier, while the resistor R8 is connected between the center tap M5 between the diode D12 and the resistor R7 and the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C4.
  • the gate of the thyristor TH is via two Zener diodes DZ1, DZ2 with the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C4 and via one Resistor R9 connected to the cathode of thyristor TH.
  • FIG. 2 shows the exact circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement with a switch-off device according to the invention for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp.
  • a block of a current-compensated filter choke FD and a filter capacitor C1 are connected in parallel to the input of the mains rectifier in each supply line. This high-frequency filter is followed by the line rectifier with diodes D1 to D4 and a backup capacitor C2 parallel to the DC output.
  • the self-regulating push-pull frequency generator consists of the two transistors T1, T2 with the same polarity and the reverse current diodes D6, D7, the series resistors R2 to R5, the control transformer and the starting generator with the resistors R1, R6, the starting capacitor C3, the diode D5 and the diac DC.
  • the control transformer works according to the feedback principle and is composed of the primary winding RK1.1 and the two secondary windings RK1.2 and RK1.3.
  • the lamp LP1 is connected with a connection of the electrode E1 to the center tap M1 between the two transistors T1, T2 and with a connection of the other electrode E2 to the positive pole of the mains rectifier.
  • a series resonance circuit comprising resonance inductance L1, coupling capacitor C5 and resonance capacitor C6 is provided, the resonance inductance L1 and the coupling capacitor C5 between the primary winding RK1.1 of the control transformer and the corresponding connection of the electrode E1 and the resonance capacitor C6 between the connections on the heating circuit side Electrodes E1 and E2 are connected.
  • a smoothing capacitor C4 In addition to the switching paths of the transistors T1, T2 there is a smoothing capacitor C4.
  • the circuit arrangement also has an active harmonic filter.
  • the filter consists of two diodes D8, D9 connected in series and in the forward DC direction to the supporting capacitor C2, the center tap M2 between the two diodes D8, D9 via a capacitor C7 with the center tap M1 between the two transistors T1, T2 and a capacitor C8 is connected to the center tap M3 between the resonance inductor L1 and the coupling capacitor C5.
  • the harmonic filter also contains two further diodes D10, D11 connected in series and in a forward DC direction, the center tap M4 between these two diodes D10, D11 via a capacitor C9 also with the center tap M1 between the two transistors T1, T2 is connected.
  • cycle 1 follows again and the energy transport begins again.
  • Per period of RF operating frequency is thus once pumped energy into the smoothing capacitor C4.
  • the pump capacitors C7, C8, C9 are charged to the peak value of the mains voltage, then the voltage and thus the energy drop again.
  • Energy is pumped into the smoothing capacitor C4 during the mains voltage half-wave in accordance with the instantaneous value of the pulsating DC voltage at the supporting capacitor C2, reduced by the energy stored in the resonance inductance L1.
  • the harmonic filter ensures a sinusoidal mains current consumption and a linear dependence of the lamp power on the mains voltage.
  • the circuit arrangement therefore additionally has a switch-off device with trigger control.
  • This consists of a series connection of a diode D12, a resistor R7 and a thyristor TH, which connects the base of the transistor T1 to the negative pole of the mains rectifier.
  • the center tap is M5 between the diode D12 and the resistor R7 is connected via a resistor R8 to the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C4.
  • the trigger control consists of the two Zener diodes DZ1, DZ2, which connect the gate of the thyristor TH to the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C4, and of the resistor R9, which connects the gate of the thyristor TH to its cathode.
  • the two Zener diodes DZ1 and DZ2 with the same total breakdown voltage become conductive and thus trigger the turn-off thyristor TH.
  • This removes the control energy from the base of the transistor T1 by dissipation to the negative pole of the mains rectifier; the transistor is blocked and the resonance circuit is de-energized on inductance L1, capacitor C6 and capacitor C5.
  • the thyristor TH is kept in the conductive state, so that any renewed use of vibrations is prevented.
  • the diode D12 blocks the AC voltage from the anode circuit of the thyristor TH. Only after switching off the power supply does the thyristor TH lock and the push-pull frequency generator can start again after switching on the power supply again.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

In a circuit arrangement for the high-frequency operation of a low- pressure discharge lamp (LP1) with a push-pull frequency generator (3), a smoothing capacitor (C4) and an active harmonic filter (5), a switch-off device with a fast trigger circuit is provided. The trigger circuit consists of one or more series-connected Zener diodes (DZ1, DZ2), which connect the gate of the switch-off thyristor (TH) to the positive pin of the smoothing capacitor (C4). In addition, the trigger circuit contains a resistor (R9), which connects the gate of the switch-off thyristor (TH) to its cathode. If the low-pressure discharge lamp (LP1) fails, the trigger circuit ensures that the switch-off thyristor (TH) is switched-through within a few milliseconds and thus inhibits operation of the circuit arrangement. Destruction of the smoothing capacitor (C4) by the pumping operation of the active harmonic filter (5) is thus prevented. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung zum hochfrequenten Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for high-frequency operation of a low-pressure discharge lamp in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.

In den deutschen Patentanmeldungen P 36 23 749.3 und P 36 11 611.4 sind solche Schaltungsanordnungen ohne Abschaltvorrichtung zum Betrieb von Leuchtstofflampen vorgeschlagen. Nachteilig bei diesen Schaltungen ist, daß bei Ausfall der Entladungslampe die Schaltungsanordnung nicht außer Funktion gesetzt wird. Aufgrund der Arbeitsweise des aktiven Oberwellenfilters, durch die laufend Energie in den Glättungskondensator zurückgepumpt wird, kann es daher bei Lampenausfall zu einer Zerstörung des Glättungskondensators und evtl. der gesamten Schaltung kommen.In the German patent applications P 36 23 749.3 and P 36 11 611.4, such circuit arrangements without a switch-off device for operating fluorescent lamps are proposed. A disadvantage of these circuits is that the circuit arrangement is not deactivated if the discharge lamp fails. Due to the mode of operation of the active harmonic filter, through which energy is continuously pumped back into the smoothing capacitor, the smoothing capacitor and possibly the entire circuit may be destroyed if the lamp fails.

Andererseits ist aus der DE-OS 29 41 822 eine Abschaltvorrichtung bekannt, wie sie im Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs aufgeführt ist. Diese Abschaltvorrichtung beinhaltet eine Triggerschaltung mit einem genau dimensionierten Diac, die den Thyristor mit einer Verzögerung von ca. einer Sekunde abschaltet. Eine Verzögerungszeit von bis zu einer Sekunde ist jedoch für eine Schaltungsanordnung mit einem als Pumpensystem ausgeführten Oberwellenfilter zu lang, da es bereits in weit kürzeren Zeiten zu einem starken Spannungsanstieg am Glättungskondensator kommen kann.On the other hand, a shutdown device is known from DE-OS 29 41 822, as it is listed in the preamble of the first claim. This switch-off device contains a trigger circuit with a precisely dimensioned diac, which switches the thyristor off with a delay of approximately one second. However, a delay time of up to one second is too long for a circuit arrangement with a harmonic filter designed as a pump system, since a voltage rise at the smoothing capacitor can already occur in much shorter times.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Triggerschaltung zu schaffen, die den Thyristor innerhalb einiger Millisekunden durchschaltet und so zu einem Abschalten der Schaltungsanordnung führt. Die Triggerschaltung sollte außerdem aus möglichst wenigen und kostengünstigen Bauteilen erstellbar sein.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a trigger circuit which switches through the thyristor within a few milliseconds and thus leads to the circuit arrangement being switched off. The trigger circuit should also be able to be created from as few and inexpensive components as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des 1. Anspruchs gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the first claim.

Bei Ausfall der Niederdruckentladungslampe wird durch die Kondensatoren des aktiven Oberwellenfilters am Glättungskondensator ein Spannungsanstieg verursacht. Überschreitet der Spannungsanstieg die Durchbruchspannung der einen bzw. der mehreren in Reihe geschalteten Zenerdioden der Triggerschaltung, so schalten diese Dioden durch und triggern so direkt den Abschaltthyristor. Dieser geht daraufhin ebenfalls in einen leitenden Zustand über und entzieht damit dem mit dem Pluspol des Netzgleichrichters verbundenen Transistor die Steuerleistung. Der Transistor wird gesperrt und die Oszillation des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators beendet. Durch die Verbindung des Gates des Thyristors über einen Widerstand mit der Kathode des Thyristors wird der Thyristor geschützt und seine Schaltgenauigkeit sichergestellt.If the low-pressure discharge lamp fails, the capacitors of the active harmonic filter on the smoothing capacitor cause a voltage rise. If the voltage rise exceeds the breakdown voltage of the one or more Zener diodes of the trigger circuit connected in series, these diodes switch through and thus trigger the cut-off thyristor directly. This then also changes into a conductive state and thus withdraws the control power from the transistor connected to the positive pole of the line rectifier. The transistor is blocked and the oscillation of the push-pull frequency generator ends. The thyristor is protected and its switching accuracy is ensured by connecting the gate of the thyristor via a resistor to the cathode of the thyristor.

Die Schaltungsanordnung kann zum Betrieb einer, mehrerer parallelgeschalteter oder auch mehrerer hintereinander geschalteter Niederdruckentladungslampen verwendet werden.The circuit arrangement can be used to operate one, a plurality of low-pressure discharge lamps connected in parallel or also a number of series-connected low-pressure discharge lamps.

Die Erfindung ist anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren näher veranschaulicht.

Figur 1
zeigt das Blockschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung für eine Niederdruckentladungslampe
Figur 2
zeigt das vollständige Schaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe
The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following figures.
Figure 1
shows the block diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention for a low-pressure discharge lamp
Figure 2
shows the complete circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp

Das Blockschaltbild in Figur 1 gibt den Prinzipaufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung für eine Niederdruckentladungslampe wieder. Die Schaltungsanordnung beinhaltet ein Hochfrequenzfilter 1, einen Netzgleichrichter 2 sowie einen Gegentaktfrequenzgenerator mit Ansteuerschaltung 3, dessen in Reihe liegende Schalttransistoren den Gleichstromausgang des Netzgleichrichters 2 überbrücken. Zwischen den Mittenabgriff M1 der Schalttransistoren und den Pluspol des Netzgleichrichters 2 ist über einen Serienresonanzkreis 4 die Niederdruckentladungslampe LP1 geschaltet. Außerdem ist ein aktives Oberwellenfilter 5 vorgesehen, das einerseits mit dem Pluspol des Netzgleichrichters 2 und andererseits mit dem Mittenabgriff M1 verbunden ist. Des weiteren weist die Schaltungsanordnung eine Abschaltvorrichtung auf. Letztere besteht aus einer Reihenschaltung einer Diode D12, eines Widerstands R7 und eines Thyristors TH sowie aus einem Widerstand R8. Die Reihenschaltung verbindet die Basis des Transistors T1 mit dem Minuspol des Netzgleichrichters, während der Widerstand R8 zwischen den Mittenabgriff M5 zwischen der Diode D12 und dem Widerstand R7 und dem Pluspol des Glättungskondensators C4 geschaltet ist. Zur Triggerung ist das Gate des Thyristors TH über zwei Zenerdioden DZ1, DZ2 mit dem Pluspol des Glättungskondensators C4 und über einen Widerstand R9 mit der Kathode des Thyristors TH verbunden.The block diagram in FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of a circuit arrangement according to the invention for a low-pressure discharge lamp. The circuit arrangement includes a high-frequency filter 1, a line rectifier 2 and a push-pull frequency generator with a control circuit 3, the switching transistors of which bridge the DC output of the line rectifier 2. The low-pressure discharge lamp LP1 is connected between the center tap M1 of the switching transistors and the positive pole of the mains rectifier 2 via a series resonant circuit 4. In addition, an active harmonic filter 5 is provided, which is connected on the one hand to the positive pole of the mains rectifier 2 and on the other hand to the center tap M1. Furthermore, the circuit arrangement has a shutdown device. The latter consists of a series connection of a diode D12, a resistor R7 and a thyristor TH and a resistor R8. The series connection connects the base of the transistor T1 to the negative pole of the mains rectifier, while the resistor R8 is connected between the center tap M5 between the diode D12 and the resistor R7 and the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C4. For triggering, the gate of the thyristor TH is via two Zener diodes DZ1, DZ2 with the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C4 and via one Resistor R9 connected to the cathode of thyristor TH.

Figur 2 zeigt das genaue Schaltbild einer Schaltungsanordnung mit erfindungsgemäßer Abschaltvorrichtung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe. Direkt an den Netzeingang ist in jede Zuleitung ein Block einer stromkompensierten Filterdrossel FD sowie parallel zum Eingang des Netzgleichrichters ein Filterkondensator C1 geschaltet. Diesem Hochfrequenzfilter folgt der Netzgleichrichter mit den Dioden D1 bis D4 sowie parallel zum Gleichstromausgang ein Stützkondensator C2. Der selbststeuernde Gegentaktfrequenzgenerator besteht aus den beiden gleichsinnig gepolten Transistoren T1, T2 mit den Rückstromdioden D6, D7, den Vorschaltwiderständen R2 bis R5, dem Steuerübertrager und dem Anlaufgenerator mit den Widerständen R1, R6, dem Startkondensator C3, der Diode D5 sowie dem Diac DC. Der Steuerübertrager arbeitet nach dem Rückkopplungsprinzip und setzt sich aus der Primärwicklung RK1.1 sowie den beiden Sekundärwicklungen RK1.2 und RK1.3 zusammen. Die Lampe LP1 ist mit einem Anschluß der Elektrode E1 mit dem Mittenabgriff M1 zwischen den beiden Transistoren T1, T2 und mit einem Anschluß der anderen Elektrode E2 mit dem Pluspol des Netzgleichrichters verbunden. Außerdem ist ein Serienresonanzkreis aus Resonanzinduktivität L1, Koppelkondensator C5 und Resonanzkondensator C6 vorgesehen, wobei die Resonanzinduktivität L1 und der Koppelkondensator C5 zwischen die Primärwicklung RK1.1 des Steuerübertragers und den entsprechenden Anschluß der Elektrode E1 und der Resonanzkondensator C6 zwischen die auf der Heizkreisseite liegenden Anschlüsse der Elektroden E1 und E2 geschaltet sind. Parallel zu den Schaltstrecken der Transistoren T1, T2 liegt außerdem ein Glättungskondensator C4.FIG. 2 shows the exact circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement with a switch-off device according to the invention for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp. A block of a current-compensated filter choke FD and a filter capacitor C1 are connected in parallel to the input of the mains rectifier in each supply line. This high-frequency filter is followed by the line rectifier with diodes D1 to D4 and a backup capacitor C2 parallel to the DC output. The self-regulating push-pull frequency generator consists of the two transistors T1, T2 with the same polarity and the reverse current diodes D6, D7, the series resistors R2 to R5, the control transformer and the starting generator with the resistors R1, R6, the starting capacitor C3, the diode D5 and the diac DC. The control transformer works according to the feedback principle and is composed of the primary winding RK1.1 and the two secondary windings RK1.2 and RK1.3. The lamp LP1 is connected with a connection of the electrode E1 to the center tap M1 between the two transistors T1, T2 and with a connection of the other electrode E2 to the positive pole of the mains rectifier. In addition, a series resonance circuit comprising resonance inductance L1, coupling capacitor C5 and resonance capacitor C6 is provided, the resonance inductance L1 and the coupling capacitor C5 between the primary winding RK1.1 of the control transformer and the corresponding connection of the electrode E1 and the resonance capacitor C6 between the connections on the heating circuit side Electrodes E1 and E2 are connected. In addition to the switching paths of the transistors T1, T2 there is a smoothing capacitor C4.

Die Funktionsweise einer solchen Schaltungsanordnung mit Gegentaktfrequenzgenerator und Serienresonanzkreis zum Zünden und Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe kann dem Buch "Elektronikschaltungen" von W. Hirschmann (SIEMENS AG), Seite 148, entnommen werden und soll hier nicht näher ausgeführt werden.The mode of operation of such a circuit arrangement with push-pull frequency generator and series resonance circuit for igniting and operating a low-pressure discharge lamp can be found in the book "Electronics Circuits" by W. Hirschmann (SIEMENS AG), page 148, and will not be described in more detail here.

Die Schaltungsanordnung weist weiterhin ein aktives Oberwellenfilter auf. Das Filter besteht aus zwei in Reihe und in Gleichstromvorwärtsrichtung am Stützkondensator C2 angeschlossenen Dioden D8, D9, wobei der Mittenabgriff M2 zwischen den beiden Dioden D8, D9 über einen Kondensator C7 mit dem Mittenabgriff M1 zwischen den beiden Transistoren T1, T2 und über einen Kondensator C8 mit dem Mittenabgriff M3 zwischen Resonanzinduktivität L1 und Koppelkondensator C5 verbunden ist. Das Oberwellenfilter beinhaltet außerdem parallel zu den ersten beiden Dioden D8, D9 zwei weitere in Reihe und in Gleichstromvorwärtsrichtung geschaltete Dioden D10, D11, wobei der Mittenabgriff M4 zwischen diesen beiden Dioden D10, D11 über einen Kondensator C9 ebenfalls mit dem Mittenabgriff M1 zwischen den beiden Transistoren T1, T2 verbunden ist.The circuit arrangement also has an active harmonic filter. The filter consists of two diodes D8, D9 connected in series and in the forward DC direction to the supporting capacitor C2, the center tap M2 between the two diodes D8, D9 via a capacitor C7 with the center tap M1 between the two transistors T1, T2 and a capacitor C8 is connected to the center tap M3 between the resonance inductor L1 and the coupling capacitor C5. In addition to the first two diodes D8, D9, the harmonic filter also contains two further diodes D10, D11 connected in series and in a forward DC direction, the center tap M4 between these two diodes D10, D11 via a capacitor C9 also with the center tap M1 between the two transistors T1, T2 is connected.

Die Funktionsweise des Oberwellenfilters im Zusammenwirken mit dem Gegentaktfrequenzgenerator ist im folgenden näher erläutert:

Takt 1:
Der Transistor T2 wird leitend und zieht damit das Potential des Punktes M1 auf das Potential des Minuspols am Glättungskondensator C4 herunter. Die Pumpkondensatoren C7, C8, C9 werden entsprechend der Potentialdifferenz "Augenblickswert der Spannung am Stützkondensator C2" zu "Potential am Minuspol des Glättungskondensators C4" geladen, im Scheitel der Netzspannung auf UN·√2.
Takt 2:
Der Transistor T2 sperrt, die Potentiale an den Punkten M1 und M3 werden sprunghaft angehoben und heben damit auch die Potentiale der Kondensatoren C7, C8, C9. Die Kondensatoren C7, C8, C9 erhalten ein höheres Potential als das des Glättungskondensators C4 und können sich somit in diesen Kondensator C4 entladen.
Takt 3:
Der Transistor T1 schaltet durch und hebt das Potential des Punktes M1 auf das Potential des Pluspols am Glättungskondensator C4 an. Die Resonanzinduktivität L1 wird in Gegenrichtung geladen.
Takt 4:
Der Transistor T1 sperrt und veranlaßt so die Resonanzinduktivität L1, sich in die Kondensatoren C7, C9 und damit auch C8 zu entladen. Die Pumpkondensatoren C7, C8, C9 werden somit auch im Bereich des Netzspannungs-Nulldurchganges geladen, da das Potential der Pumpkondensatoren C7, C8, C9 in diesem Bereich negativ zum Augenblickswert des Stützkondensators C2 wird.
The mode of operation of the harmonic filter in cooperation with the push-pull frequency generator is explained in more detail below:
Bar 1:
The transistor T2 becomes conductive and thus pulls the potential of the point M1 to the potential of the negative pole on the smoothing capacitor C4 down. The pump capacitors C7, C8, C9 are charged in accordance with the potential difference "instantaneous value of the voltage across the support capacitor C2" to "potential at the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C4", at the apex of the mains voltage to U N · √2.
Bar 2:
The transistor T2 blocks, the potentials at the points M1 and M3 are raised suddenly and thus also raise the potentials of the capacitors C7, C8, C9. The capacitors C7, C8, C9 receive a higher potential than that of the smoothing capacitor C4 and can thus discharge into this capacitor C4.
Bar 3:
The transistor T1 switches on and raises the potential of the point M1 to the potential of the positive pole on the smoothing capacitor C4. The resonance inductor L1 is charged in the opposite direction.
Measure 4:
The transistor T1 blocks and thus causes the resonance inductance L1 to discharge into the capacitors C7, C9 and thus also C8. The pump capacitors C7, C8, C9 are thus also charged in the area of the mains voltage zero crossing, since the potential of the pump capacitors C7, C8, C9 in this area becomes negative to the instantaneous value of the backup capacitor C2.

Anschließend folgt wieder der Takt 1 und der Energietransport beginnt von neuem. Pro Periode der HF-Betriebsfrequenz wird so einmal Energie in den Glättungskondensator C4 gepumpt. Im Bereich des Netzspannungs-Scheitelwertes werden die Pump-Kondensatoren C7, C8, C9 auf den Scheitelwert der Netzspannung aufgeladen, anschließend sinkt die Spannung und damit die Energie wieder. In den Glättungskondensator C4 wird während der Netzspannungshalbwelle Energie entsprechend dem Augenblickswert der pulsierenden Gleichspannung am Stützkondensator C2 gepumpt, vermindert um die in der Resonanzinduktivität L1 gespeicherte Energie.Then cycle 1 follows again and the energy transport begins again. Per period of RF operating frequency is thus once pumped energy into the smoothing capacitor C4. In the area of the mains voltage peak value, the pump capacitors C7, C8, C9 are charged to the peak value of the mains voltage, then the voltage and thus the energy drop again. Energy is pumped into the smoothing capacitor C4 during the mains voltage half-wave in accordance with the instantaneous value of the pulsating DC voltage at the supporting capacitor C2, reduced by the energy stored in the resonance inductance L1.

Im Bereich des Netzspannungs-Nulldurchganges ist die netzspannungsbedingte Potentialdifferenz zwischen dem Minuspol des Glättungskondensators C4 und dem Pluspol des Netzgleichrichters Null. Trotzdem kommt es zu einer Spannungsdifferenz: Die in der Resonanzinduktivität L1 gespeicherte Energie wird in diesem Bereich zum Teil über die Kondensatoren C7 und C8 in den Glättungskondensator C4 zurückgepumpt. Auf diese Weise gewährleistet das Oberwellenfilter eine sinusförmige Netzstromaufnahme und eine lineare Abhängigkeit der Lampenleistung von der Netzspannung.In the area of the mains voltage zero crossing, the mains voltage-related potential difference between the negative pole of the smoothing capacitor C4 and the positive pole of the mains rectifier is zero. Nevertheless, there is a voltage difference: the energy stored in the resonance inductor L1 is pumped back in this area partly through the capacitors C7 and C8 into the smoothing capacitor C4. In this way, the harmonic filter ensures a sinusoidal mains current consumption and a linear dependence of the lamp power on the mains voltage.

Das dauernde Rückpumpen von Energie kann bei Ausfall der Lampe zu einer Überladung und damit einer Zerstörung des Glättungskondensators C4 führen. Die Schaltungsanordnung weist daher zusätzlich eine Abschaltvorrichtung mit Triggersteuerung auf. Diese besteht aus einer Reihenschaltung einer Diode D12, eines Widerstandes R7 und eines Thyristors TH, die die Basis des Transistors T1 mit dem Minuspol des Netzgleichrichters verbindet. Außerdem ist der Mittenabgriff M5 zwischen der Diode D12 und dem Widerstand R7 über einen Widerstand R8 mit dem Pluspol des Glättungskondensators C4 verbunden. Die Triggersteuerung besteht aus den beiden Zenerdioden DZ1, DZ2, die das Gate des Thyristors TH mit dem Pluspol des Glättungskondensators C4 verbinden, sowie aus dem Widerstand R9, der das Gate des Thyristors TH mit dessen Kathode verbindet.If the lamp fails, the continuous pumping back of energy can lead to overcharging and thus destruction of the smoothing capacitor C4. The circuit arrangement therefore additionally has a switch-off device with trigger control. This consists of a series connection of a diode D12, a resistor R7 and a thyristor TH, which connects the base of the transistor T1 to the negative pole of the mains rectifier. In addition, the center tap is M5 between the diode D12 and the resistor R7 is connected via a resistor R8 to the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C4. The trigger control consists of the two Zener diodes DZ1, DZ2, which connect the gate of the thyristor TH to the positive pole of the smoothing capacitor C4, and of the resistor R9, which connects the gate of the thyristor TH to its cathode.

Im Fall, daß die Spannung am Glättungskondensator C4 einen gewissen Höchstwert von z.B. 500 V (s. Schaltungsbeispiel unten) überschreitet, werden die beiden Zenerdioden DZ1 und DZ2 mit derselben Gesamtdurchbruchspannung leitend und triggern so den Abschaltthyristor TH. Damit wird der Basis des Transistors T1 die Steuerenergie durch Ableitung zum negativen Pol des Netzgleichrichters entzogen; der Transistor wird gesperrt und der Resonanzkreis auf Induktivität L1, Kondensator C6 und Kondensator C5 entregt. Durch die Verbindung des Thyristors TH über den Widerstand R8 mit dem Pluspol des Netzgleichrichters wird der Thyristor TH im leitenden Zustand gehalten, so daß jeder erneute Schwingungseinsatz unterbunden ist. Die Diode D12 sperrt die Wechselspannung vom Anodenkreis des Thyristors TH. Erst nach Abschalten der Stromversorgung sperrt der Thyristor TH und der Gegentaktfrequenzgenerator kann nach erneutem Einschalten der Stromversorgung wieder anlaufen.In the event that the voltage across the smoothing capacitor C4 reaches a certain maximum value of e.g. 500 V (see circuit example below), the two Zener diodes DZ1 and DZ2 with the same total breakdown voltage become conductive and thus trigger the turn-off thyristor TH. This removes the control energy from the base of the transistor T1 by dissipation to the negative pole of the mains rectifier; the transistor is blocked and the resonance circuit is de-energized on inductance L1, capacitor C6 and capacitor C5. By connecting the thyristor TH via the resistor R8 to the positive pole of the rectifier, the thyristor TH is kept in the conductive state, so that any renewed use of vibrations is prevented. The diode D12 blocks the AC voltage from the anode circuit of the thyristor TH. Only after switching off the power supply does the thyristor TH lock and the push-pull frequency generator can start again after switching on the power supply again.

In der nachfolgenden Liste sind die verwendeten Schaltungselemente für eine Schaltungsanordnung mit Schnellabschaltung zum Betrieb einer 18 W-Niederdruckentladungslampe wiedergegeben:

FD
: EF 20/2x120 mH stromkompensiert
C1
: 0,1 µF/250V∼
D1-D4, D5, D12
: 1 N 4005
C2
: 68 nF/250 V∼
D6-D11
: schnelle Diode 600 V/1 A
C4
: 4,7 µF/450 V=
R8
: 56 kΩ/2 W
DZ1
: UZ = 200 V
DZ2
: UZ = 300 V
R9
: 1 kΩ/0,3 W
R1, R6
: 510 kΩ/0,5 W
C3
: 47 nF/100 V=
DC
: Diac UB ca. 32 V, IB<0,05 mA
RK1.1, RK1.2, RK1.3
: RK 130̸x70̸x5 n1.1 = 7 Windungen
n1.2 = n1.3 = 1 Windung
R2, R3
: 10 Ω/0,5 W
R7
: 100 Ω/1 W
TH
: Thyristor UD/R = 500 V, IH<3 mA, IAV max. 3 A
T1, T2
: MJE 13005
R4, R5
: 1 Ω/0,5 W
C7, C9
: 4,7 nF/630 V=
L1
: EF 20/1,55 mH
C8
: 3,3 nF/630 V=
C5
: 150 nF/400 V=
C6
: 10 nF/630 V=
The following list shows the circuit elements used for a circuit arrangement with quick shutdown for operating an 18 W low-pressure discharge lamp:
FD
: EF 20 / 2x120 mH current compensated
C1
: 0.1 µF / 250V∼
D1-D4, D5, D12
: 1 N 4005
C2
: 68 nF / 250 V∼
D6-D11
: fast diode 600 V / 1 A
C4
: 4.7 µF / 450 V =
R8
: 56 kΩ / 2 W
DZ1
: U Z = 200 V
DZ2
: U Z = 300 V
R9
: 1 kΩ / 0.3 W
R1, R6
: 510 kΩ / 0.5 W
C3
: 47 nF / 100 V =
DC
: Diac U B approx. 32 V, I B <0.05 mA
RK1.1, RK1.2, RK1.3
: RK 130̸x70̸x5 n1.1 = 7 turns
n1.2 = n1.3 = 1 turn
R2, R3
: 10 Ω / 0.5 W
R7
: 100 Ω / 1 W
TH
: Thyristor U D / R = 500 V, I H <3 mA, I AV max. 3 A
T1, T2
: MJE 13005
R4, R5
: 1 Ω / 0.5 W
C7, C9
: 4.7 nF / 630 V =
L1
: EF 20 / 1.55 mH
C8
: 3.3 nF / 630 V =
C5
: 150 nF / 400 V =
C6
: 10 nF / 630 V =

Claims (1)

  1. Circuit arrangement for the high-frequency operation of a low-pressure discharge lamp (LP1), in which the circuit has the following features:
    - a mains rectifier (2) with energy storage capacitor (C2) connected in parallel with the direct current output,
    - a push-pull frequency generator (3) connected to the direct current output of the mains rectifier (2) and incorporating two alternately switching transistors (T1, T2) and a triggering circuit, a centre tap (M1) being provided between the two transistors (T1, T2),
    - a series resonance circuit (4) composed of a resonance inductance (L1), a coupling capacitor (C5) and a resonance capacitor (C6),
    - connecting leads for the low-pressure discharge lamp (LP1), one lead connecting the first electrode (E1) of the lamp (LP1) via the resonance inductance (L1) to the centre tap (M1) between the two transistors (T1, T2) and a further lead connecting the second electrode (E2) of the lamp (LP1) to the positive and/or negative terminal of the mains rectifier (2),
    - a smoothing capacitor (C4) in parallel with the switching paths of the two transistors (T1, T2) of the push-pull frequency generator (3),
    - an active harmonic filter (5) composed of one or more series circuits, arranged in parallel with one another, each containing two diodes (D8, D9; D10, D11) which are connected in series with the energy storage capacitor (C2) in the direct current forward direction, and also at least one capacitor (C7, C8, C9) in each case which connects the centre tap (M2, M4) between the two diodes in each case (D8, D9; D10, D11) to a point on the lead connecting the first electrode (E1) of the lamp (LP1) to the centre tap (M1) between the two transistors (T1, T2),
    - a switch-off device composed of a series circuit of a diode (D12), a resistor (R7) and a thyristor (TH) with a trigger circuit, which series circuit connects the base of the transistor (T1) connected to the positive terminal of the mains rectifier (2) to the negative terminal of the mains rectifier (2), and also of a resistor (R8) which connects the positive terminal of the smoothing capacitor (C4) to a centre tap (M5) between the diode (D12) and the thyristor (TH),
    characterised in that the trigger circuit for the thyristor (TH) of the switch-off device is composed of one or, more Zener diodes (DZ1, DZ2) which are connected in series and which connect the gate of the thyristor (TH) to the positive terminal of the smoothing capacitor (C4), and of a resistor (R9) which connects the gate of the thyristor (TH) to the cathode of the thyristor (TH).
EP87118963A 1987-01-08 1987-12-21 Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp Expired - Lifetime EP0276460B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87118963T ATE68657T1 (en) 1987-01-08 1987-12-21 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATION OF A LOW-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3700421 1987-01-08
DE19873700421 DE3700421A1 (en) 1987-01-08 1987-01-08 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATING A LOW-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0276460A1 EP0276460A1 (en) 1988-08-03
EP0276460B1 true EP0276460B1 (en) 1991-10-16

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ID=6318580

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87118963A Expired - Lifetime EP0276460B1 (en) 1987-01-08 1987-12-21 Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp

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EP (1) EP0276460B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE68657T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3700421A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3805510A1 (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-08-31 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATING A LOW-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP
IN171097B (en) * 1989-03-16 1992-07-18 Holec Syst & Componenten
DE4334076A1 (en) * 1993-10-06 1995-06-08 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Circuit arrangement for operating electric lamps
DE4425859A1 (en) 1994-07-21 1996-01-25 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Circuit arrangement for operating one or more low-pressure discharge lamps
EP0753987B1 (en) * 1995-07-12 1998-12-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Circuit and method of operation for electric lamps
DE19820615A1 (en) * 1998-05-08 1999-11-11 Walter Holzer Energy-saving lamp regulation method
DE102005028419A1 (en) * 2005-06-20 2006-12-28 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Electronic ballast for e.g. coldstarting discharge lamp, has varistor, shutdown device, diode, resistors and integration capacitor connected in parallel for limiting voltage across intermediate circuit capacitor

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4330736A (en) * 1979-04-02 1982-05-18 Iota Engineering, Inc. Compensated current feedback oscillator ballast for fluorescent lamps and the like

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0276460A1 (en) 1988-08-03
DE3773891D1 (en) 1991-11-21
ATE68657T1 (en) 1991-11-15
DE3700421A1 (en) 1988-07-21

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