EP0275445B1 - Random time fuse for submunition exploding unpredictably - Google Patents

Random time fuse for submunition exploding unpredictably Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0275445B1
EP0275445B1 EP87118058A EP87118058A EP0275445B1 EP 0275445 B1 EP0275445 B1 EP 0275445B1 EP 87118058 A EP87118058 A EP 87118058A EP 87118058 A EP87118058 A EP 87118058A EP 0275445 B1 EP0275445 B1 EP 0275445B1
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counting
counter
appearance
switch
item
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EP0275445A1 (en
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Rainer Siebert
Erich Gerum
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Diehl Verwaltungs Stiftung
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Diehl GmbH and Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/06—Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry

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  • the invention relates to a random time fuse according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention has for its object to provide such random timer, which have a high level of functional reliability with very little circuit complexity and within approximately the time period between the ejection and the ground impact of cluster munitions a random distribution of the time periods as wide as possible until the output of the respective ignition signal within one deliver the maximum delay time that can be specified in terms of circuitry.
  • the solution is based on the knowledge that a sufficiently wide random distribution does not require the circuitry outlay for generating stochastic numbers (cf. e.g. DE-PS 31 29 550) for specifying counting end positions (when the ignition signal is reached when they are reached); that it is rather sufficient to apply a pulse of such a high-frequency pulse repetition frequency to a counter of limited counting capacity within a period of time which is not precisely determined in terms of its function (such as the time elapsed between the discharge and the impact of the cluster munitions) that it is cycled very frequently.
  • stochastic numbers cf. e.g. DE-PS 31 29 550
  • the individual cluster ammunition continues to count from this individual counting end position until an ignition signal is issued when a (uniformly or differently specified) trigger counting position is reached, the individual cluster munitions appear at quasi-statistically different points in time, within one by the counter and Clock frequency specification circuit-limited maximum time, the individual ignition signals to initiate the respective active charge.
  • the maximum delay time from the stop of the rapidly cyclically running counter can therefore be predetermined by the counting clock frequency that is effective thereafter and the maximum available counting volume.
  • the implementation of such a time fuse is particularly simple if the function of the cyclic counter is combined with that of the counting clock by connecting two successive inverter stages as an R-C oscillator; as explained in more detail for a special embodiment in DE-AS 28 01 278.
  • the same counter For the remaining period of time from the randomly reached end of the counter to the triggering of the ignition signal, if the same counter is used further, it is possible to switch to a lower repetition frequency of the counting impulses and / or if the repetition frequency of the counter impulses is the same or changed, to a larger counting capacity (or another counter) can be switched.
  • the counter outputs controlled before the ignition signal trigger position has been reached can also be evaluated to initiate program-controlled functions, such as unlocking measures in the individual cluster ammunition.
  • the time fuse 11 shown in the drawing as an electrical block diagram is intended for cluster munitions, which by means of a stationary or e.g. is emitted on an aircraft that can be carried on an aircraft and is intended to detonate on the ground within a predetermined period of time at an unforeseeable point in time - i.e. not initiated by relative proximity to a target object, because the time fuse 11 sends an ignition signal 12 to, for example, an electrical detonator (in the drawing not taken into account).
  • the circuit of the timer 11 is started using start information 13 e.g. set in function depending on the leaving of the delivery device, for example by taking over the operating voltage from the on-board electrical system of an aircraft or by switching on a carried voltage source by means of the ejection acceleration or the release of a pipe stylus (not shown in the drawing).
  • start information 13 effects the operation of a clock generator 15 for the relatively high-frequency activation of a cyclic counter 16. This is dimensioned in view of the high counting pulse frequency 17.1 so that it is very often to the end its capacity counts and then starts a new counting cycle.
  • a reset pulse 18 is generated periodically again and again in order to start the next counting cycle; although this reset process takes place in binary counters without the need for such an external control pulse (namely internally, when the counting capacity is exhausted).
  • the counter 16 is then no longer switched from the current counting position with the high-frequency counting pulse repetition frequency 17.1, but instead with a very slow clock frequency 17.2, until a predetermined counting position - in the example in FIG. 1, the counter -Overflow signal 19 - appears.
  • this slow counting that is, depending on the end of the count reached with the high count repetition rate 17.1
  • it takes different lengths from the appearance of the changeover information 14 until the overflow signal 19 appears for the first time with the low counting frequency 17.2; the largest time span, due to the counting capacity of the counter 16 and the low counting pulse repetition frequency 17.2 can be predetermined in terms of circuitry, for example, for a few hours or a few days.
  • an output gate 21 is released in order to emit the ignition signal 12 as soon as the overflow signal 19 occurs after the switching information 14 has appeared.
  • separate clocks 15.1 and 15.2 need not be provided in order to ensure on the one hand the quasi-random end of counting within the counting capacity of the counter 16 when the changeover information 14 appears and on the other hand the slow further clocking until the ignition signal 12 is output .
  • the information 13/14 can also be designed directly or via a switch circuit 20 on a clock generator 15 for internal reversal of its frequency-determining circuit.
  • the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 2 is based on the same functional principle as that according to FIG. 1, insofar as a rapidly activated cyclic counter 16 is counted several times between the appearance of start information 13 and changeover information 14, in order then to stop in a random count position within the total available count volume and thereby to define the individual time period until an ignition signal 12 is triggered.
  • two clock generators 15.1, 15.2 are again provided, between which a changeover takes place depending on the successive activation of the switch circuit 20.
  • the counter 16.1 which until then has been rapidly cyclically counted, is driven with counting pulses 17.2 of lower pulse repetition frequency, which are now supplied by an additional counter 16.2, which in turn (in the example shown from the clock generator 15.2) is counted cyclically and at the end of each Outputs a counting pulse 17.2.
  • the first counter 16.1 is now counted from the stop position until the triggering of the ignition signal 12 over a very long period of time; whereby regardless of reaching the end of the count in the first counter 16.1 (that is, even if only one counting step should be missing), a number of control signals 22 which are offset in terms of time in relation to one another can be tapped beforehand at any rate on the second counter 16.2. This ensures that certain auxiliary functions such as unlocking by electrical triggering of a pyrotechnic force element only run after the switching information 14 has appeared, but before the ignition signal 12 has been generated.
  • the counter 16.2 is initially set (by a reset device, not shown) to an initial position.
  • the stop position of the first counter 16.1 is more than one counting step away from the counting end position, it then becomes additionally run additional counters 16.2 cyclically several times; In practice, however, it does not bother that the sequence of control signals 22 occurs several times in succession because, for example, a pyrotechnic force element that has been ignited cannot be activated a second time or an electronic circuit that has been activated for the first time can then be disconnected and locked on the activation side via a toggle switch.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zufalls-Zeitzünder gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a random time fuse according to the preamble of claim 1.

In dem Aufsatz von Wolfgang Flume "MW-1 - the multi-purpose weapon system", Military technology Heft 2/1985 Seite 64 (Mitte der rechten Spalte von Seite 70 ), ist die taktische Bedeutung von zufällig oder jedenfalls quasi-zufällig zündenden Streuminen bekannt. Andere Einsatzmöglichkeiten solcher Zufalls-Zeitzünder sind etwa Startbahnbomben, deren Bohrladungen bei Aufprall, aber deren Sprengladungen erst unvorhersehbar dagegen zeitverzögert, zünden sollen; oder in die See ausgesetzte Täuschkörper, die zur Irritation einer Sonar-Ortungsanlage in unterschiedlichen Positionen zu nicht vorhersehbaren Zeitpunkten aktiv werden sollen; oder Selbstzerlegungseinrichtungen an Bomben und Geschossen, die aus irgendeinem Grunde nicht in Abhängigkeit von der Annäherung an oder dem Auftreffen auf ein Ziel gezündet haben.In the article by Wolfgang Flume "MW-1 - the multi-purpose weapon system", Military technology issue 2/1985 page 64 (middle of the right column from page 70), the tactical meaning is of randomly or at least quasi-accidentally detonating mines known. Other possible uses of such random time detonators are, for example, runway bombs, the drill charges of which should detonate on impact, but whose explosive charges are only unpredictably delayed; or decoys exposed in the sea, which are intended to act in irritating a sonar location system in different positions at unforeseeable times; or self-immolation devices on bombs and projectiles that, for some reason, have not detonated in response to approaching or hitting a target.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, derartige Zufalls-Zeitünder anzugeben, die bei sehr geringem schaltungstechnischem Aufwand eine hohe Funktionssicherheit aufweisen und innerhalb etwa der Zeitspanne zwischen dem Ausstoßen und dem Bodenaufschlag von Streumunition eine möglichst breite Zufallsverteilung der Zeitspannen bis zur Ausgabe des jeweiligen Zündsignales innerhalb einer schaltungstechnisch maximal vorgebbaren Verzögerungszeit liefern.The invention has for its object to provide such random timer, which have a high level of functional reliability with very little circuit complexity and within approximately the time period between the ejection and the ground impact of cluster munitions a random distribution of the time periods as wide as possible until the output of the respective ignition signal within one deliver the maximum delay time that can be specified in terms of circuitry.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der gattungsgemäße Zeitzünder gemäß dem Kennzeichnungsteil des Anspruches 1 ausgelegt ist.This object is achieved in that the generic time fuse is designed according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Die Lösung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß es für eine ausreichend breite Zufallsverteilung nicht des schaltungstechnischen Aufwandes zur Erzeugung stochastischer Zahlen (vgl. z.B. DE-PS 31 29 550) für Vorgabe von Zähl-Endstellungen (bei deren Erreichen das Zündsignal ausgegeben wird) bedarf; daß es vielmehr genügt, innerhalb einer funktionsbedingt nicht genau festliegenden Zeitspanne (wie dem Zeitablauf zwischen dem Ausstoß und dem Bodenaufschlag von Streumunition) einen Zähler beschränkter Zählkapazität mit Zählimpulsen derart hochfrequenter Impulsfolgefrequenz zu beaufschlagen, daß er sehr häufig zyklisch durchlaufen wird. In den unterschiedlichen, etwa gleichzeitig verbrachten Streumunitionen sind beim Bodenaufschlag deshalb unterschiedliche, zufällige Zählendstellungen erreicht; und diese konzentrieren sich nicht auf einen bestimmten Ausschnitt der Zählkapazität, sondern aufgrund der zyklischen Wiederholung des Zählvorganges streuen sie über die gesamte Breite der Zählkapazität. Damit ist in guter Näherung eine statistische Verteilung der Zählendstellungen über die ausgeworfene Submunitions-Charge erreicht, wofür in jeder Submunition im wesentlichen nur ein zyklischer Zähler mit Taktgeber und eine Weichenschaltung zum Starten und Beenden des Zählvorganges realisiert sein muß. Wenn nun in der jeweiligen Streumunition, aus dieser individuellen Zählendstellung heraus, bis zur Ausgabe eines Zündsignales bei Erreichen einer (einheitlich oder unterschiedlich vorgegebenen) Auslösezählstellung weitergezählt wird, erscheinen an den einzelnen Streumunitionen zu quasi-statistisch unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten, innerhalb einer durch die Zähler- und Taktfrequenz-Vorgabe schaltungstechnisch begrenzten maximalen Zeitspanne, die individuellen Zündsignale, um die jeweilige Wirkladung zu initiieren. Die maximale Verzögerungszeit ab Stop des rasch zyklisch durchlaufenden Zählers ist also vorgebbar durch die danach wirksame Zähltaktfrequenz und das maximal verfügbare Zählvolumen.The solution is based on the knowledge that a sufficiently wide random distribution does not require the circuitry outlay for generating stochastic numbers (cf. e.g. DE-PS 31 29 550) for specifying counting end positions (when the ignition signal is reached when they are reached); that it is rather sufficient to apply a pulse of such a high-frequency pulse repetition frequency to a counter of limited counting capacity within a period of time which is not precisely determined in terms of its function (such as the time elapsed between the discharge and the impact of the cluster munitions) that it is cycled very frequently. In the different cluster munitions, which were spent at about the same time, different, random counting end positions were reached when the ground was hit; and these do not concentrate on a specific section of the counting capacity, but because of the cyclical repetition of the counting process, they scatter over the entire width of the counting capacity. This is a good approximation of a statistical distribution of the counting end positions over the ejected submunition batch, for which essentially only a cyclic counter with a clock generator and a switch circuit for starting and ending the counting process have to be realized in each submunition. If the individual cluster ammunition continues to count from this individual counting end position until an ignition signal is issued when a (uniformly or differently specified) trigger counting position is reached, the individual cluster munitions appear at quasi-statistically different points in time, within one by the counter and Clock frequency specification circuit-limited maximum time, the individual ignition signals to initiate the respective active charge. The maximum delay time from the stop of the rapidly cyclically running counter can therefore be predetermined by the counting clock frequency that is effective thereafter and the maximum available counting volume.

Schaltungstechnisch besonders einfach ist die Realisierung eines solchen Zeitzünders, wenn die Funktion des zyklischen Zählers mit derjenigen des Zähltaktgebers kombiniert wird, indem zwei aufeinanderfolgende Inverterstufen als R-C-Oszillator beschaltet werden; wie für ein besonderes Ausführungsbeispiel in der DE-AS 28 01 278 näher erläutert.In terms of circuitry, the implementation of such a time fuse is particularly simple if the function of the cyclic counter is combined with that of the counting clock by connecting two successive inverter stages as an R-C oscillator; as explained in more detail for a special embodiment in DE-AS 28 01 278.

Für den Ablauf der verbleibenden Zeitspanne von der zufällig erreichten Zählendstellung bis zur Auslösung des Zündsignales kann bei Weiterbenutzung des gleichen Zählers auf eine niedrigere Folgefrequenz der Zählimpulse umgeschaltet oder/und bei gleicher oder veränderter Folgefrequenz der Zählimpulse auf eine größere Zählkapazität (bzw. einen weiteren Zähler) umgeschaltet werden. Insbesondere dann, wenn eine Mindestanzahl weiterer Zählschritte nach Erreichen der zufälligen Zählendstellung gewährleistet ist, lassen sich die vor Erreichen der Zündsignal-Auslösestellung angesteuerten Zählerausgänge auch zur Initiierung programmgesteuerter Funktionen, wie Entsicherungsmaßnahmen in der einzelnen Streumunition, auswerten.For the remaining period of time from the randomly reached end of the counter to the triggering of the ignition signal, if the same counter is used further, it is possible to switch to a lower repetition frequency of the counting impulses and / or if the repetition frequency of the counter impulses is the same or changed, to a larger counting capacity (or another counter) can be switched. In particular, if a minimum number of further counting steps is guaranteed after the random counting end position has been reached, the counter outputs controlled before the ignition signal trigger position has been reached can also be evaluated to initiate program-controlled functions, such as unlocking measures in the individual cluster ammunition.

Zusätzliche Alternativen und Weiterbildungen sowie weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen und, aus nachstehender Beschreibung von in der Zeichnung unter Beschränkung auf das Wesentliche stark abstrahiert nach Art elektrischer Blockschaltbilder skizzierten bevorzugten Realisierungsbeispielen zur erfindungsgemäßen Lösung. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Schaltung für einen quasi-stochastischen elektronischen Zeitzünder mit einem nacheinander aus unterschiedlich ausgelegten Taktgebern ansteuerbaren Zähler und
  • Fig. 2 in Abwandlung gegenüber Fig. 1 eine Schaltungsanordnung mit Zähler-Umschaltung und zusätzlichem Abgriff von Zeit-Steuersignalen.
Additional alternatives and developments as well as further features and advantages of the invention result from the dependent claims and, from the following description of preferred implementation examples for the solution according to the invention, which are sketched in a highly abstracted manner in the manner of electrical block diagrams and restricted to the essentials. It shows:
  • Fig. 1 shows a circuit for a quasi-stochastic electronic timer with a sequentially controllable from differently designed clocks and counter
  • Fig. 2 as a modification to Fig. 1, a circuit arrangement with counter switching and additional tapping of time control signals.

Der in der Zeichnung als elektrisches Blockschaltbild dargestellte Zeitzünder 11 ist für Streumunition gedacht, die mittels eines stationären oder z.B. an einem Flugzeug mitführbaren Verbringungsgerätes ausgestoßen wird und auf dem Boden innerhalb einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne zu einem nicht vorhersehbaren Zeitpunkt - also nicht initiiert durch relative Annäherung an ein Zielobjekt - detonieren soll, weil der Zeitzünder 11 ein Zündsignal 12 an beispielsweise einen elektrischen Detonator (in der Zeichnung nicht berücksichtigt) liefert.The time fuse 11 shown in the drawing as an electrical block diagram is intended for cluster munitions, which by means of a stationary or e.g. is emitted on an aircraft that can be carried on an aircraft and is intended to detonate on the ground within a predetermined period of time at an unforeseeable point in time - i.e. not initiated by relative proximity to a target object, because the time fuse 11 sends an ignition signal 12 to, for example, an electrical detonator (in the drawing not taken into account).

Dafür wird die Schaltung des Zeitzünders 11 mittels einer Startinformation 13 z.B. in Abhängigkeit vom Verlassen der Verbringungseinrichtung in Funktion gesetzt, beispielsweise durch Übernahme der Betriebsspannung aus dem Bordnetz eines Flugzeugs oder durch Einschalten einer mitgeführten Spannungsquelle mittels-der Ausstoßbeschleunigung oder der Freigabe eines Rohr-Abtaststiftes (in der Zeichnung nicht näher ausgeführt). Solange eine Umschaltinformation 14 (vgl. unten) noch nicht erscheint, bewirkt die Startinformation 13 den Betrieb eines Taktgebers 15 zur relativ hochfrequenten Ansteurung eines zyklischen Zählers 16. Dieser ist in Hinblick auf die hohe Zählimpulsfrequenz 17.1 so bemessen, daß er sehr häufig bis ans Ende seiner Kapazität zählt und dann jeweils einen neuen Zählzyklus beginnt. In der Zeichnung ist das dadurch veranschaulicht, daß periodisch immer wieder ein Rücksetzimpuls 18 generiert wird, um den nächsten Zählzyklus zu beginnen; obgleich dieser Rücksetzvorgang bei Binärzählern ohne Erfordernis eines solchen externen Steuerimpulses (nämlich intern, mit Erschöpfung der Zählkapazität) stattfindet.For this purpose, the circuit of the timer 11 is started using start information 13 e.g. set in function depending on the leaving of the delivery device, for example by taking over the operating voltage from the on-board electrical system of an aircraft or by switching on a carried voltage source by means of the ejection acceleration or the release of a pipe stylus (not shown in the drawing). As long as changeover information 14 (see below) does not yet appear, the start information 13 effects the operation of a clock generator 15 for the relatively high-frequency activation of a cyclic counter 16. This is dimensioned in view of the high counting pulse frequency 17.1 so that it is very often to the end its capacity counts and then starts a new counting cycle. This is illustrated in the drawing in that a reset pulse 18 is generated periodically again and again in order to start the next counting cycle; although this reset process takes place in binary counters without the need for such an external control pulse (namely internally, when the counting capacity is exhausted).

Wenn nach einer, nicht exakt vorherbestimmbaren, Zeitspanne ab Erscheinen der Startinformation 13 die Umschaltinformation 14 auftritt, hat der Zähler 16 deshalb irgendeine momentane Zählstellung innerhalb seiner Zählkapazität erreicht.If the changeover information 14 occurs after a period of time, which cannot be exactly predetermined, from the appearance of the start information 13, the counter 16 has therefore reached some momentary count position within its counting capacity.

Die Umschaltinformation 14, mit deren Erscheinung das zyklische Zählen in dieser Zähl-Endstellung unterbrochen wird, erscheint vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit von einer definierten Annäherung an ein Ziel, z.B. vom Auftreffen der verbrachten Munition auf den Boden und dort etwa ausgelöst durch einen auf den Landestoß oder auf das stationäre Gewicht ansprechenden Schalter (in der Zeichnung nicht ausgeführt). Da mehrere selbst gleichzeitig ausgestoßene Streumunitionen aufgrund der Umwelteinflüsse erst nach jedenfalls geringfügig unterschiedlichen Zeiten auf dem Boden landen, zumal der Taktgeber 15 schaltungsmäßig nicht für Abgabe einer stabilisierten Zählimpulsfrequenz 17 ausgelegt sein muß, zeigt eine Charge ausgebrachter Streumunition nach der Landund auf dem Grund praktisch eine Zufallsverteilung der momentanen Zählendstellungen der einzelnen Zähler 16, ohne daß irgendein schaltungstechnischer Aufwand für die Erwingung einer Zufallsverteilung erforderlich wäre. Am Grund, mit Erscheinen der Umschaltinformation 14, wird daraufhin der Zähler 16 aus der momentanen Zählstellung heraus nicht mehr mit der hochfrequenten Zählimpulsfolgefrequenz 17.1, sondern mit einer dagegen sehr langsamen Taktfrequenz 17.2 weitergeschaltet, bis eine vorgegebene Zählstellung - im Beispiel der Fig. 1 das Zähler-Überlaufsignal 19 - erscheint. Je nach der Ausgangsstellung dieser langsamen Weiterzählung (also je nach der Zählendstellung, die mit der hohen Zählimpulsfolgefrequenz 17.1 erreicht wurde) dauert es also ab Erscheinen der Umschaltinformation 14 unterschiedlich lang, bis mit der niedrigen Zählfrequenz 17.2 erstmals das Überlaufsignal 19 erscheint; wobei die größte Zeitspanne, durch die Zählkapazität des Zählers 16 und die niedrige Zählimpulsfolgefrequenz 17.2, schaltungstechnisch beispielsweise auf einige Stunden oder einige Tage vorgebbar ist.The switching information 14, with the appearance of which the cyclical counting is interrupted in this counting end position, preferably appears as a function of a defined approach to a target, e.g. from the impact of the spent ammunition on the ground and triggered there, for example, by a switch which responds to the landing impact or the stationary weight (not shown in the drawing). Since several self-launched cluster munitions only land on the ground after slightly different times due to the environmental influences, especially since the clock 15 does not have to be designed for delivery of a stabilized counting pulse frequency 17, a batch of deployed cluster munitions practically shows a random distribution depending on the country and on the ground the current counting end positions of the individual counters 16, without any circuitry outlay being necessary to force a random distribution. At the bottom, when the changeover information 14 appears, the counter 16 is then no longer switched from the current counting position with the high-frequency counting pulse repetition frequency 17.1, but instead with a very slow clock frequency 17.2, until a predetermined counting position - in the example in FIG. 1, the counter -Overflow signal 19 - appears. Depending on the starting position of this slow counting (that is, depending on the end of the count reached with the high count repetition rate 17.1), it takes different lengths from the appearance of the changeover information 14 until the overflow signal 19 appears for the first time with the low counting frequency 17.2; the largest time span, due to the counting capacity of the counter 16 and the low counting pulse repetition frequency 17.2, can be predetermined in terms of circuitry, for example, for a few hours or a few days.

Gesteuert über eine Weichenschaltung 20 für das Umschalten zwischen einem hochfrequenten und einem niederfrequenten Taktgeber 15.1-15.2 in Abhängigkeit vom Erscheinen der Umschaltinformation 14-wird ein Ausgangsgatter 21 freigegeben, um das Zündsignal 12 abzugeben, sobald nach Erscheinen der Umschaltinformation 14 das Überlaufsignal 19 auftritt.Controlled via a switch circuit 20 for switching between a high-frequency and a low-frequency clock 15.1-15.2 depending on the appearance of the switching information 14, an output gate 21 is released in order to emit the ignition signal 12 as soon as the overflow signal 19 occurs after the switching information 14 has appeared.

Entgegen der vereinfachten Darstellung in der Zeichnung brauchen nicht getrennte Taktgeber 15.1 und 15.2 vorgesehen zu sein, um einerseits die quasi-zufällige Zählendstellung innerhalb der Zählkapazität des Zählers 16 bei Erscheinen der Umschaltinformation 14 und andererseits danach das langsame Weitertakten bis zur Ausgabe des Zündsignales 12 zu gewährleisten. Stattdessen können z.B. auch die Informationen 13/14 unmittelbar oder über eine Weichenschaltung 20 auf einen Taktgeber 15 zur internen Umsteuerung seiner frequenzbestimmenden Schaltung ausgelegt sein.Contrary to the simplified representation in the drawing, separate clocks 15.1 and 15.2 need not be provided in order to ensure on the one hand the quasi-random end of counting within the counting capacity of the counter 16 when the changeover information 14 appears and on the other hand the slow further clocking until the ignition signal 12 is output . Instead, e.g. the information 13/14 can also be designed directly or via a switch circuit 20 on a clock generator 15 for internal reversal of its frequency-determining circuit.

Die Schaltungsanordnung nach Fig. 2 beruht auf dem gleichen Funktionsprinzip wie diejenige nach Fig. 1, insoweit ein rasch angesteuerter zyklischer Zähler 16 zwischen Erscheinen einer Startinformation 13 und einer Umschaltinformation 14 mehrfach durchgezählt wird, um dann in einer zufälligen Zählstellung innerhalb des gesamten verfügbaren Zählvolumens anzuhalten und dadurch die individuelle Zeitspanne bis zur Auslösung eines Zündsignales 12 zu definieren. Zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung eines schaltungstechnischen Ausführungsbeispieles sind wieder zwei Taktgeber 15.1, 15.2 vorgesehen, zwischen denen in Abhängigkeit von der aufeinanderfolgenden Ansteuerung der Weichenschaltung 20 umgesteuert wird. Ab Erscheinen der Umschaltinformation 14 wird der bis dahin schnell zyklisch durchgezählte Zähler 16.1 mit Zählimpulsen 17.2 niedrigerer Impulsfolgefrequenz angesteuert, die von einem nun zusätzlichen Zähler 16.2 geliefert werden, der seinerseits (im dargestellten Beispielsfalle aus dem Taktgeber 15.2) zyklisch durchgezählt wird und jeweils am Ende seiner Zählkapazität einen Zählimpuls 17.2 ausgibt. Je nach der Zählkapazität dieses zusätzlichen Zählers 16.2 erfolgt das Aufzählen des ersten Zählers 16.1 aus der Stop-Stellung bis zur Auslösung des Zündsignales 12 nun also über eine sehr lang dimensionierbare Zeitspanne; wobei unabhängig vom Erreichen der Zählendstellung im ersten Zähler 16.1 (also auch dann, wenn nur noch ein Zählschritt fehlen sollte) vorher jedenfalls einmal am zweiten Zähler 16.2 eine Anzahl zeitlich gegeneinander definiert versetzter Steuersignale 22 abgegriffen werden kann. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, daß erst nach Erscheinen der Umschaltinformation 14 aber schon vor Generierung des Zündsignales 12 bestimmte Hilfsfunktionen wie eine Entsicherung durch elektrische Auslösung eines pyrotechnischen Kraftelementes ablaufen. Der Zähler 16.2 ist zunächst (durch eine nicht näher dargestellte Reseteinrichtung) in eine Anfangsposition gesetzt. Wenn die Stopstellung des ersten Zählers 16.1 mehr als einen Zählschritt von der Zählendstellung entfernt ist, wird der dann zusätzlich vorgeschaltete weitere Zähler 16.2 zwar mehrfach zyklisch durchlaufen; in der Praxis stört aber nicht, daß dann die Folge der Steursignale 22 mehrfach hintereinander auftritt, weil beispielsweise ein einmal gezündetes pyrotechnisches Kraftelement kein zweites Mal angesteuert werden kann oder eine erstmals erfolgte Ansteuerung eines elektronischen Schaltkreises danach über eine Kippschaltung ansteuerungssseitig abgetrennt und verriegelt sein kann. Jedenfalls erübrigt es sich somit, für den Ablauf definierter Vorgänge zwischen beispielsweise dem Auftreffen einer Submunition auf dem Boden und der Ansteuerung ihres Gefechtskopfes eine zusätzliche Zeitsteuerschaltung einzubauen und aus einem gesondert zu realisierenden Detektorkreis zu starten - solche zusätzlichen Funktionen sind funktionell höchst zuverlässig und ohne besonderen schaltungstechnischen Mehraufwand in die Schaltung des Zufalls-Zeitzünders integrierbar.The circuit arrangement according to FIG. 2 is based on the same functional principle as that according to FIG. 1, insofar as a rapidly activated cyclic counter 16 is counted several times between the appearance of start information 13 and changeover information 14, in order then to stop in a random count position within the total available count volume and thereby to define the individual time period until an ignition signal 12 is triggered. To simplify the illustration of a circuit-technical exemplary embodiment, two clock generators 15.1, 15.2 are again provided, between which a changeover takes place depending on the successive activation of the switch circuit 20. From the appearance of the changeover information 14, the counter 16.1, which until then has been rapidly cyclically counted, is driven with counting pulses 17.2 of lower pulse repetition frequency, which are now supplied by an additional counter 16.2, which in turn (in the example shown from the clock generator 15.2) is counted cyclically and at the end of each Outputs a counting pulse 17.2. Depending on the counting capacity of this additional counter 16.2, the first counter 16.1 is now counted from the stop position until the triggering of the ignition signal 12 over a very long period of time; whereby regardless of reaching the end of the count in the first counter 16.1 (that is, even if only one counting step should be missing), a number of control signals 22 which are offset in terms of time in relation to one another can be tapped beforehand at any rate on the second counter 16.2. This ensures that certain auxiliary functions such as unlocking by electrical triggering of a pyrotechnic force element only run after the switching information 14 has appeared, but before the ignition signal 12 has been generated. The counter 16.2 is initially set (by a reset device, not shown) to an initial position. If the stop position of the first counter 16.1 is more than one counting step away from the counting end position, it then becomes additionally run additional counters 16.2 cyclically several times; In practice, however, it does not bother that the sequence of control signals 22 occurs several times in succession because, for example, a pyrotechnic force element that has been ignited cannot be activated a second time or an electronic circuit that has been activated for the first time can then be disconnected and locked on the activation side via a toggle switch. In any case, it is therefore unnecessary to install an additional time control circuit for the execution of defined processes between, for example, the impact of a submunition on the ground and the control of your warhead and to start it from a separate detector circuit - such additional functions are functionally highly reliable and without any special circuitry Additional effort can be integrated into the circuit of the random timer.

Claims (6)

1. A random time fuze (11) for unforeseeably detonating scatter munition (10) which is initiatable by an electrical detonating signal (12), characterised in that a cyclical counter (16; 16.1) having a restricted counting capacity which is cyclically run through very frequently is provided, which is acted upon with counting impulses (17.1) as a function of a period of time which expires upon the delivery of the scatter munition (10), and in that upon the appearance of an item of switch-over information (14) further counting is effected from the counting end position instantaneously achieved in the cyclical counter (16; 16.1) as far as a preset triggering counting position for the issuance of the detonating signal (12).
2. A time fuze according to claim 1, characterised in that prior to appearance of the item of switch-over information (14) counting is effected with counting impulses (17.1) of higher pulse repetition frequency than after the appearance of the item of switch-over information (14).
3. A time fuze according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that after the appearance of the item of switch-over information (14) a larger counting capacity is effective than prior to the appearance of the item of switch-over information (14).
4. A time fuze according to claim 3, characterised in that the cyclical counter (16.1) is connected together with a further counter (16.2), effective as a function of the appearance of the item of switch-over information (14), for the issuance of low-frequency counting impulses (17.2) to the first counter (16.1).
5. A time fuze according to claim 4, characterised in that temporally mutually offset control signals (22), more especially for an arming programme course circuit, are tapped from the further counter (16.2).
6. A time fuze according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one R-C-oscillator circuit of two consecutive inverter stages of a cyclical counter (16; 16.1, 16.2) is provided as the timing generator (15; 15.1, 15.2).
EP87118058A 1986-12-16 1987-12-07 Random time fuse for submunition exploding unpredictably Expired - Lifetime EP0275445B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863642862 DE3642862A1 (en) 1986-12-16 1986-12-16 TIME-IGNITIONER FOR UNEXPECTEDLY SPREADING AMMUNITION
DE3642862 1986-12-16

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EP0275445A1 EP0275445A1 (en) 1988-07-27
EP0275445B1 true EP0275445B1 (en) 1990-02-07

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EP87118058A Expired - Lifetime EP0275445B1 (en) 1986-12-16 1987-12-07 Random time fuse for submunition exploding unpredictably

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US (1) US4793258A (en)
EP (1) EP0275445B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3642862A1 (en)
SG (1) SG54090G (en)

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ES2112083B1 (en) * 1992-08-07 1999-03-16 Edb Sa AREA DENIAL SUBMUNITION

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CN106353546A (en) * 2016-09-20 2017-01-25 中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所 Piezoelectric signal instantaneity measurer based on constant precision frequency meter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0275445A1 (en) 1988-07-27
DE3761709D1 (en) 1990-03-15
DE3642862A1 (en) 1988-06-30
US4793258A (en) 1988-12-27
SG54090G (en) 1990-09-07

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