EP0270620A1

EP0270620A1 - Apparatus for distributing, leveling and smoothing a coat of concrete and cement mortar for producing a floor base, and process for using such an apparatus

Info

Publication number: EP0270620A1
Application number: EP87903845A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Arthur Regez
Original assignee: Regez AG Ofenbau
Current assignee: Regez AG Ofenbau
Priority date: 1986-06-25
Filing date: 1987-06-25
Publication date: 1988-06-15
Also published as: WO1988000270A1; AU7548887A; CH672938A5

Abstract

L'appareil comprend un support (1) auquel est suspendu un bras rotatif (2) muni d'un dispositif d'égalisation (3). Le support (1) est construit de façon à pouvoir être mis à la verticale et le bras est fixé par une suspension (23) en forme de coin. Le bras (2) est formé de deux ou de plusieurs parties (21, 22) reliées entre elles de manière à pouvoir tourner l'une par rapport à l'autre. Le dispositif d'égalisation (3) est fixé de façon rotative au bras (2). Il porte une vis de répartition (32) qui, dans un premier temps, distribue et aplanit le mortier de ciment ou de béton et, dans un deuxième temps, le lisse. Grâce à cet appareil, le travail pénible de lissage du mortier pour la fabrication d'un plancher est supprimé. Il permet aussi une production journalière fortement accrue en comparaison des moyens et des procédés usuels.The apparatus comprises a support (1) from which is suspended a rotary arm (2) provided with an equalization device (3). The support (1) is constructed so that it can be placed vertically and the arm is fixed by a suspension (23) in the form of a wedge. The arm (2) is formed of two or more parts (21, 22) interconnected so as to be able to rotate relative to each other. The equalization device (3) is rotatably attached to the arm (2). It carries a distribution screw (32) which, firstly, distributes and planes the cement or concrete mortar and, secondly, smoothes it. Thanks to this device, the painful work of smoothing the mortar for the manufacture of a floor is eliminated. It also allows a daily production greatly increased in comparison with the usual means and processes.

Description

DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTING «PLANNING AND SMOOTHING CONCRETE AND CEMENT MORTAR COATINGS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF UNDERFLOORING FLOORS AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SUCH A DEVICE

The present invention relates on the one hand to a device for distributing, leveling and smoothing concrete and cement mortar coatings for the production of underlay floors according to the preamble of patent claim 1. On the other hand, the invention relates to a method for operating such a device.

So-called "vibrating slats" are known, in which the material to be distributed is moved by vibration. However, such pullers are not suitable for pulling mortar off of sub-floors, since they tear open the surface to be leveled. In addition, they can only be operated with great effort and the person working with them often has to slide around on their knees in the moist distribution material, that is to say the concrete or cement mortar, in order to ensure that the surface quality of the sub-floor is satisfactory by hand becomes. However, this is very complex and harmful to health, because the joints and the back of the people working under these conditions are excessively stressed.

Another disadvantage of the known devices is that the achievement of a certain inclination of the floor surface or their exact horizontal alignment and compliance with the planicity tolerances can only be achieved by a disproportionately large amount of work.

The present invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, which allows effortless _¬ work and overcomes the disadvantages of the known devices and techniques and is capable of both that usually delivered in several smaller piles Distribute, level and finally smooth the distribution material so that the underlay prepared in this way meets all quality requirements without reworking.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device as defined in claim 1.

The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that the process of distributing and panning the concrete and cement mortar and smoothing the leveled underlay floor can be done with a single device, and the mortar can be pulled off in a kneeling position not applicable. In addition, the device according to the invention achieves a significantly higher daily output compared to the conventional daily output of a chord-floor layer with a "vibrating slat" and trowel on the knees, with noticeably no physical exertion. Furthermore, the device according to the invention is able to meet the planicity tolerances, such as those defined by the relevant construction standards, e.g. Switzerland must comply with the SIA standards. Furthermore, the device according to the invention also makes it easier to maintain the required planicity of the subfloor to be introduced if it has to have a predetermined inclination.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows:

1 shows a first embodiment of the device according to the invention with a support that can be clamped between the ceiling and floor and a two-part bracket, from the side,

Z the device of FIG. 1 from above,

3, the support according to FIG. 1, in partial longitudinal section, in detail, 4a and 4b the suspension of the distribution screw of the device according to FIG. 1, the screw being shown once in its position for distributing the material to be distributed and once in the position for smoothing the same,

5a and 5b, a first variant of the boom, which can be 3 or more times,

6a and 6b a second variant of the boom, the outermost arm segment of which can be extended,

7 and 8 details of a suspension of the screw conveyor, as they can be used with all boom and device variants,

9 shows a second embodiment variant of the device according to the invention with a telescopic boom, from the side,

10 the device according to FIG. 9 from above,

11 is a first alternative support of the boom in the form of a floor bracket, from the side,

12 is a second alternative support of the boom in the form of a ceiling bracket, from the side,

13 a third alternative support of the boom in the form of a wall bracket, from the side,

Fig. 14 shows a fourth alternative support of the boom in the form of a clamp bracket, and

15 advantageous forms of the end regions of the distribution screw. From Fig. ^' 1 it can be seen that the device according to the invention consists essentially of a support 1, a boom 2 and a puller 3. The support 1 serves the bracket 2 as a support and axis of rotation or fulcrum, whereby the support 1 should be perpendicular to it in order to achieve the required planicity and inclination of the surface of the underlay to be created. How this is achieved is described below with reference to FIG. 3. In the embodiment variant shown, the boom 2 consists of an inner arm segment 21 and an outer arm segment 22, which are articulated to one another by a joint 25. The pulling device 3 is articulated on the outer arm segment 22 on the outside. This essentially consists of a distribution screw 32 which is driven by an electric motor 33 via a gear 3. The distribution screw 34 and its drive unit 33/34 are advantageously combined in a holding bracket 37 and connected to a handle 36 via a shaft 31. In order to adjust the working height of the auger 32 above the ground, the shaft 31 can be supported on the outer arm segment 22 by means of an adjusting ring 24. A lifting handle 38 can be provided to lift the entire puller 3. A locking device 39, which is described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, serves to fix the distribution screw 32 in its two working positions.

FIG. 2 illustrates the three working areas of the device according to the invention in the embodiment variant according to FIG. 1. The articulated connection of the pulling device 3 with the outer arm segment 22 creates a first working area A1, the center of which is thanks to the articulated connection of the outer arm segment 22 is movable with the inner arm segment 21 on the circle of the second working area A2. Because the support 1 serves as a fulcrum for the arm 2, the joint 25 can be positioned anywhere between the two arm segments 21 and 22 on the circle A, such that a third work area A3 is created, the

Center forms the support 1 and its radius is the largest

Distance corresponds to one end of the auger 32 from

Can have the center of the support 1.

As was mentioned on the occasion of the description of FIG. 1, for achieving the required planicity and inclination of the surface of the underlay that can be produced with the aid of the device according to the invention, it is of the utmost importance that the support 1, respectively. the axis of rotation C of the boom 2 defined by this, perpendicular to the surface of the subfloor to be introduced, in the present case perpendicular to the floor B, stands, because otherwise it is not possible to coat the entire working area A3 of the device with a uniformly thick layer of concrete or Apply cement mortar as underlay. In order for this perpendicularity of the axis of rotation C to be achieved in a simple manner, an adjustable support 1, as shown in FIG. 3, is advantageously used. It can advantageously be adjusted telescopically in length, so that it can be clamped between floors B and ceilings D which are at different distances from one another. In this embodiment, the support 3 essentially consists of three tubes lying one inside the other, an outer tube 16, a middle tube 18 and an inner tube 17. The outer tube 16 is supported on the middle tube 18 via a ball joint 19, its inner diameter being markedly larger than the outer diameter of the central tube 18. The inner tube 17 runs in the middle tube 18 and can be extended more or less from the middle tube 18 by means of a stationary wheel 15 via a deflection gear 14 and a threaded spindle 13 such that the unit consisting of the inner and middle tubes 17 and 18 is fixed can be clamped between the fixed floor B and the fixed ceiling D of the space to be provided with a subfloor. It is advantageous to ensure that this unit is already as vertical as possible. is set in order to be able to set the axis of rotation C of the boom 2 perfectly perpendicular within the leveling limits of the outer tube 16. This takes place in that the outer tube 16, swinging down over the ball joint 19 over the middle tube 18, is plumbed by means of three spacing screws 11 arranged radially at 120 ° and a leveling vial 12 (FIGS. 1 and 2) is, in this position it is supported in a rotationally fixed manner on the central tube 18.

To the boom 2, respectively. to separate its internal ^"arm segment 21 to easily connect to the support 1, resp. of it, a wedge-shaped mounting 23 is especially suitable. It allows a positive and frictional Verbin¬ connection between support 1 and the boom 2, without having to If necessary, however, foldable screws which can be swiveled into grooves and have wing nuts can be provided at the bottom of the suspension 23 in order to prevent any unintentional bending of the arm 2 towards the top, but this is normally not necessary because the weight of the arm 2 itself and the pulling device 3 hanging on the outside guarantee a firm connection of the support 1 and the arm 2 in the wedge-shaped suspension 23. A wedge-shaped suspension is therefore particularly well suited for the connection of the support 1 and the arm 2 because it couples the two elements together in a position defined in each direction.

As mentioned above, it makes sense to ensure that the spreading screw 32 can assume two working positions, one for distributing the concrete or cement mortar 4 and one for leveling and smoothing the same. 4a and 4b show these two working positions of the distributing screw 32. As described in detail with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, they can be blocked by means of a locking device 39. 5 shows a first embodiment variant of a boom 2, once from the side and once from above. It differs from that according to FIG. 1 in particular in that both arm segments 21 * and 22 * can advantageously be coupled together by means of a second wedge-shaped suspension 23 ^f _> which is connected to the joint 25. This facilitates the transportation of the device according to the invention. If the second wedge-shaped suspension 23 'with the same (23) on the support 1 is of identical construction and dimensions, this enables standardization and increases the possible uses of the individual components of the device, as will be explained further below.

6a and 6b show a further variant of a cantilever, in which in particular the joint 25 'differs from that of the cantilever 2 according to FIG. 1 in that the two arm segments 21' ¹ and 22 '' step towards one another are different. Here, the joint 25 'is constructed such that the outer arm segment 22''can advantageously be rotated under the inner arm segment 21''. Of course, this joint 25 ^f can also be designed such that the outer arm segment 22 ″ can be connected to the inner arm segment 21 ^{, f} by means of a wedge-shaped suspension. In this figure it is further shown that the outer arm segment 22 ″ can also be provided at its outer end with a standardized wedge-shaped suspension, into which either a suitably equipped puller 3 or a third arm segment 22a can be hung can. In particular, equipping the pulling device 3 with such a wedge-shaped suspension 23 offers further advantages, since it enables the device to be further simplified by making each device component, ie the support 1, the extension arm 2 and the pulling device 3 individually are manageable. Thanks to the wedge-shaped suspensions 23, these components are also lovely and very easy to connect.

7 and 8 illustrate a simple and advantageous mechanism for the locking device 39 which can consist essentially of adjusting pins 40 and 41 with associated cable pulls 42 and 43 in such a way that they can be operated from the handle 36. It is advantageous if both the distribution screw 32 and the drawbar 35 of the handle 36 can be adjusted in their inclinations in order to enable an optimal handle height in every working position of the distribution screw 32.

FIG. 7 further shows a cover 30 which can be connected to the holding bracket 37 and serves to prevent the distribution material 4 from being whirled around by the distribution screw 32.

FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the device according to the invention, which has individual additives which can of course also be present in the embodiments of the device according to the invention in accordance with the other figures. This variant of the device according to the invention essentially differs in that the arm 2 'can be telescopically extended and retracted. Advantageously, however, it is also provided with wedge-shaped suspensions 23 so that it can be connected on the one hand to the support 1 (not shown here) or the inner arm segment 21, 21 ', 21 ^f * and on the other hand to the pull-off device 3. Such a cantilever 2 'can be advantageous in certain applications of the device according to the invention, since the floor layer working with it may not have to pay attention to the joint 25 rotating in space.

It can also be seen in this figure that the pulling-off device 3 can be provided with a gauge 10, from which the working heights of the distribution screw 3 can be measured. The height adjustment of the pulling device 3 can, instead of being carried out by hand, as indicated here, be carried out electrically with a motor 20 which, for example via a satellite drive and a threaded rod, the shaft 31 relative to one with respect to the boom 2 'or. the gauge 10 fixed adjusting ring 24 ', up and down shifts. If there is an electrical height adjustment of the distributing screw 32, an automatic leveling device 26 can also be provided, which functions, for example, with a laser and at all times ensures that the distributing screw 32 is at the set working height from the ground. It goes without saying that the mechanical locking device 39 is superfluous in this embodiment of the puller 3.

As from FIG. 10, the device according to FIG. 9 shows from above, it can be seen, the handle 36 'can be designed as a so-called 90 ° semicircular guide handle which is rotatably mounted in the wedge-shaped suspension 23 of the pulling device 3 and is rotationally connected to the shaft 31 and the up and down movements does not participate in the distribution screw 32.

In particular in high rooms or during renovations, when the support 1 cannot be supported against the ceiling, it is advantageous if the device according to the invention can also be supported on a support of a different design. 11, 12, 13 and 14 are non-limiting examples of such alternative supports.

FIG. 11 illustrates a support 1 ^' , which can be set up, for example, by means of a firing pin 5 in the floor B as a pull anchorage. For this purpose, a support 6 can be provided at the bottom of a tube 7, within which tube a threaded rod 9 provided with a hook 8 runs. By means of a handwheel 27, which cooperates with the threaded rod 9, the tube 7 can be fixed and can be pushed back against the floor B, so that the tube 9 serves as a tilt-proof support for a wedge-shaped suspension 23 which can be rotated around it. In order to ensure that the wedge-shaped suspension 23 is perpendicular, the support 6 can be underlaid accordingly before the pipe 7 is tightened. The wedge-shaped suspension 23 can be part of a construction which consists of a fixed frame made of two cross members 28 and a connecting piece 29 which is clamped onto the tube 7 by means of hand wheels 44 and associated clamping mechanisms. If necessary, the tube 7, as indicated for example in FIG. 12, can also be provided in its lower part only with a support ring on which the frame, the two cross members 28 of which are provided with holes matching the tube 7 without play, is supported.

An almost identical support 1 ^»1 is shown in FIG. 12. It differs from that according to FIG. 11 essentially in that it is suitable for supporting against the ceiling D, where it can also be fastened with a weft bolt 5. Like that, it has a support 6, a tube 7, a central threaded rod 9 and the frame consisting of two cross members 28 and the connecting piece 29, to which a wedge-shaped suspension 23 is connected for a boom. With this support 1 ^»» , too, the wedge-shaped suspension 23 is advantageously brought into position by supporting the support 6.

A further alternative support 1 * ¹ 'is shown in FIG. 13. It is intended to support the wedge-shaped suspension 23 for the bracket 2 against a vertical wall W. For this purpose, it also contains a frame consisting of two cross members 28 and a connecting piece 29, which, however, is reinforced by a strut 45, through which screws 46 anchored in shot bolts 5 can pass, to which the frame is transferred, for example by means of wing nuts 47 two supports 6 'can be braced against the wall W.

A further alternative support 1 ^'' 'shown in FIG. 14. This support serves to the boom 2 on a wall W, spielsweise at a door opening, to serve as a support. It consists in turn substantially comprises a frame having two crossbeams 28 which can be clamped to the wall W by means of handwheels 44 and associated clamping mechanisms and which are firmly connected to one another by a connecting piece 29. This support 1 ^{»» »»} can also be brought into alignment by placing the clamping mechanisms and cross members 28 under it Partially, however, the wedge-shaped suspension 23 is inserted into the crossmember 28 such that it can be rotated and leveled, for example by placing it on a threaded rod 48 which is supported at the bottom by a ball joint 19 ^f in the lower crossmember 28 and at the top in a, by means of two set screws 49 arranged at right angles to each other (see also FIG. 10), positionable bearing bush 50 in the upper cross member 28 Thanks to a leveling level 12, the axis of rotation C of the boom 2 can be brought into vertical alignment without any problems.

Of course, this construction for inslotting the axis of rotation C of the arm 2 can also be applied to the other alternative supports 1 ', 1 ^{, f} , and 1' ¹ '.

15 shows some advantageous cross sections of the passages 32 'of the distribution screw 32, which do not require any further explanation. When choosing the cross-section, it is important that one is chosen which does not tear the distribution material to be distributed and then smoothed, in the special concrete and cement mortar, but rather moves it well and lets it fall off. Depending on the nature of the material to be distributed, this may require a differently arranged distribution screw 32, but experience has shown that the cross sections formed with most of the distribution goods.

The person skilled in the art easily recognizes that many of the above-described aspects and designs of the device according to the invention can be interchanged or combined with one another. Other constructions, for the implementation of which no inventive performance is required, can also be provided. In particular, all movements of the distribution screw can be controlled automatically, which can be done electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically. It is also possible to make the height of the boom adjustable from the ground on the supports, in such a way that the working heights of the spreading auger can also be adjusted directly therewith. Variants can also be realized with regard to the structural design of the device according to the invention, which fall under the claims, but which have not previously been described in detail. It is thus possible, for example, to construct the suspensions for the extension arm and the pulling device in addition to the wedge-shaped configuration acting upwards as seen from above as a dovetail, such that one also with respect to large lateral and / or vertical Forces positive and non-positive connection between the said components of the device can be ensured. It is also possible, e.g. to design the suspension according to FIG. 14 in such a way that the cross member can be mounted on any support that is normally used on the building. Other design variants and combinations can also be implemented without any problems.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Device for distributing, leveling and smoothing concrete and cement mortar coatings for the production of sub-floors with a surface lying in one plane, characterized by an axis (C) provided with releasable fastening means for temporarily fastening them to floors or to structures Adjustment means for the vertical adjustment of the axis (C) with respect to said plane and by a drivable pulling and distributing screw (32) which can be displaced, pivoted and / or rotated relative to the axis (C) with support elements (21, 22) is mounted, the extracting and distributing screw (32) being kept at the same distance from the plane mentioned by the carrying elements (21, 22) during a displacement, pivoting or rotating movement.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support elements (21, 22) have a second axis (3D) parallel to the axis (C), the second axis (31) relative to the first pivoting and / or rotating and in mutual distance is adjustable, and that the pulling and distributing screw (32) can be pivoted and / or rotated about the second axis (3D).

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists essentially of a support (1) forming the axis (C), a support element (21, 22) in the form of a boom (2) and a pulling and distributing screw (32 ) has puller (3), which are articulated together.

4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that ei¬ ne wedge-shaped suspension (23) between the support (1) and the boom (2) is provided, which ensures the connection between these elements.

5. Apparatus according to claim 3 _> characterized in that a wedge-shaped suspension (23) is provided between the boom (2) and the pulling device (3), which ensures the connection between these elements.

6. Device according to claim 3 _», characterized in that the boom (2) comprises at least two arm segments (21, 22) which are rotatably connected to one another by a joint (25).

7. Apparatus according to claim 3 _» characterized in that the length of the support (1) is adjustable such that it can be clamped between the floor (B) and ceiling (D) of a room and that it has a leveling device (11, 16 , 19), by means of which an axis of rotation (C) for the arm (2) can be plumbed.

8. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the support (1 ^» , .1", 1 '", 1 ^{, τ, f} ) by means of a clamping device (5, 6, 7, 9 27) fixed and non-tiltable on the floor (B), can be tensioned against the ceiling (D) or against the wall (W) of a room in such a way that the axis of rotation (C) is vertically adjustable for the arm (2) and a rotatable receptacle of a wedge-shaped receptacle (23) contains.

9. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the pulling device (3) can be adjusted in its relative height with respect to the floor (B) of a room in such a way that the distributing screw (32) can be brought into predetermined working heights.

10. Apparatus according to claim 3 _» characterized in that the joint (25) comprises a wedge-shaped suspension (23 ') through which the connection between the two arm segments (21 *, 22 *) can be realized.

11. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that it is provided with a laser leveling device (26) which keeps the working height of the distribution screw (32) at the predetermined working height at all times.

12. Apparatus according to claim 3 _>, characterized in that all of its movements can be carried out electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically.

13. A method of operating a device, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that in the area of the surface of the sub-floor to be introduced, the axis (C) is anchored and adjusted in a direction perpendicular to the level of the sub-floor surface provided, that pre-or afterwards the surface is covered irregularly with concrete or cement mortar (4), after which, before the concrete or cement mortar (4) sets, the extracting and distributing screw (32) covers the entire area through the concrete or cement mortar (4) is moved before the device is removed again and, if necessary, the anchoring point of the device is compensated by hand.