EP0265369B1 - Small weight sabot for a high-velocity subcalibre projectile - Google Patents

Small weight sabot for a high-velocity subcalibre projectile Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0265369B1
EP0265369B1 EP87710017A EP87710017A EP0265369B1 EP 0265369 B1 EP0265369 B1 EP 0265369B1 EP 87710017 A EP87710017 A EP 87710017A EP 87710017 A EP87710017 A EP 87710017A EP 0265369 B1 EP0265369 B1 EP 0265369B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sabot
projectile
receiver
fact
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87710017A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0265369A3 (en
EP0265369A2 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Rwth Wallow
Karl Wilhelm Dipl.-Ing. Rwth Bethmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0265369A2 publication Critical patent/EP0265369A2/en
Publication of EP0265369A3 publication Critical patent/EP0265369A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0265369B1 publication Critical patent/EP0265369B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/064Sabots enclosing the rear end of a kinetic energy projectile, i.e. having a closed disk shaped obturator base and petals extending forward from said base

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sabot according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a front-side first part of the sabot is essentially collar-shaped from four identical segments, which in the area of parting lines in a respective receptacle has a prestressed compression spring that can be relieved against the neighboring parting surface for detachment from the flight floor.
  • a rear part of the sabot is provided with a projecting receptacle of an annular cross-section for the missile in such a way that the projection engages in the center of a rear opening of the missile.
  • This known sabot has a number of disadvantages.
  • forces acting frontally against the direction of acceleration must interact with the forces from the compression springs in an essentially equilibrium manner. This results in an unmistakable sensitivity of the arrangement, which greatly affects the handling.
  • wedging may occur in the first part in such a way that subsequent acceleration of the overall arrangement cannot be achieved.
  • the usability under conditions given by a combat mission is impaired until it is completely lost and is not given at all for use in connection with barrel weapons.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic object, the handling and usability is guaranteed even with indispensable cadence and thereby also allows use in a barrel weapon with trouble-free detachment from the missile.
  • the fulfillment of these requirements is regarded as an essential prerequisite for the suitability for use against fast-moving targets, e.g. missiles and fighter jets, even at a great distance, whereby a carrier system can be opaque both at earth-bound and at a greater height above the earth's surface under different conditions .
  • combating fast targets close to the ground also plays an important role in ground-air operations.
  • the carrier should be considered to have a corresponding aircraft with operational mobility as well as a satellite.
  • DE-OS 29 51 904 is a sabot for a sub-caliber missile is known, which is also designed with the goal of having only a comparatively low dead weight, but it requires elements above the floor circumference to ensure a mutual positive locking in the acceleration direction, which is essential for the passage of the pipe.
  • Such or a comparable measure would, however, in the context given here, lead to such a drastic increase in the drag coefficient that the associated drop in speed of the missile would result in the inability to use the latter to combat fast flight targets at great distances.
  • a sabot according to DE-OS 33 18 972 is also unsuitable for solving the problems on which the invention is based, since apart from the considerable weight, a trouble-free detachment from the missile designed for resistance stabilization cannot be guaranteed.
  • FIGS. 1, 3 and 5 essentially being simplified longitudinal-axial sections and in FIGS. 2 and 4 being cross-sections according to the respective line II - II and IV-IV in Figures 2 and 3 respectively. Substantially identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.
  • a conical, rotationally symmetrical missile 10.1 with a large length / diameter ratio is arranged in a thin-walled, essentially sleeve-shaped sabot 20.
  • the outer wall of the sabot 20 is essentially circular-cylindrical and (see FIG. 2) has longitudinal slots 50 and 52, so that profiled elements surrounding the missile 10.1 form.
  • brackets 40 projecting radially inwards lie in the area of a center of gravity of the missile 18 of the peripheral surface 14 of the missile 10.1 in a holding area 41 and form a front centering receptacle 20.3.
  • a second centering receptacle 20.4 on the rear is provided in the region of the missile rear part 16 by a central pin 32 which engages on the rear in a cavity 17 of the missile 10.1.
  • the sabot 20 is bounded at the back by a closed surface 54, in the vicinity of which the surrounding surface 28 has a radially deformable band-shaped element 68.
  • radially compressible elements 66 which can be connected to form a band for the purpose of better handling.
  • brackets 40 are provided with relatively small inflow surfaces 46 which are inclined inwards against the longitudinal axis A of the floor and which form the part of an air pocket 48, but at the same time passages (not specified in more detail) into a storage space 49 which is formed between the peripheral surface 14 and the inner surface 30 extends.
  • a front part 10.10 of the flight projectile 10.1 is made of a high-density material, preferably thanks to a high proportion of tungsten, which is followed by a rear part 10.11 of comparatively lower apparent density. In this way, the missile center of gravity 18 lies sufficiently far in front of an air attack point (not shown) in the acceleration direction S. 3 differs from that according to FIG.
  • a screw-in element 60 with an external thread 62 has a circular-shaped receptacle for a rear surface 19 of the missile 10.3 on the front side, not designated in more detail, and is delimited on the rear side by a rear surface 58.
  • a thread circle shown in the rear surface 58 is covered by a compressible element 68, which extends on the front side beyond the centering and fixing area 36 and thus provides for a possibly required seal and for a sufficient radial contact pressure.
  • the radially compressible elements 66 assigned on the front side of the receptacle 24.3 can, as already described in connection with the first exemplary embodiment, be connected to one another and formed in the manner of a band.
  • a front cone surface 76 on each of the drive cages shown facilitates the axial insertion of the respective arrangement in the starting position in a high-acceleration device.
  • the materials of the respective sabot are adapted in such a way that pressure forces due to acceleration, which are exerted by the respective missile, can be safely absorbed with the lowest possible dead load. If the arrangement according to the invention leaves the high-acceleration device in question, the interior 49 is already filled with air in such a way that under the effect of the air now flowing in from outside, it passes through the longitudinal slots 50 and 52 from the drive cage formed elements are pivoted lever-like in the direction of arrows K.
  • a region 37 of the sabot 24 advantageously proves to be a predetermined breaking point in such a way that the missile 10.3 can continue its movement in the S direction unhindered.
  • a smooth outer surface 14 of the missile 10.2 can be realized again, for example by an inertial body, not shown, which can move along the longitudinal axis A of the floor, or with the aid of fillers 72 which can be moved radially by springs.
  • Such frictional engagement elements 41 although not shown in the drawing, can also be arranged in the region of the first centering receptacle 24.3 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5. Since there is already a positive fit between the missile 10.3 and the sabot 24 in the centering receptacle 24.2 on the rear side, overdetermination can be avoided if the projection 44 is rigid due to its rigidity.
  • an opening path K assigned to the elements 71 (FIG. 3) is an arc with a large radius, an impairment of the behavior of the missile can be excluded.
  • the screw-in element 60 shown in FIG. 5 can advantageously have the outside diameter of the sabot 24 in its rear area.
  • the area in question, with its rear boundary surface - in particular in the case of barrel weapons - can absorb the entire gas pressure and carries the sabot 24. This can significantly increase the strength behavior during high acceleration.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Treibkäfig nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a sabot according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der US-A-4,638,739 ist ein gattungsgleicher Gegenstand für ein Hochgeschwindigkeitsfluggeschoß bekannt, welches, beispielsweise durch elektromagnetische Kräfte, auf höchste Geschwindigkeit beschleunigt und nicht drallstabilisiert wird. Dieses soll dem wirksamen Bekämpfen sich schnell bewegender Ziele, beispielsweise Fluggkörper und Kampfflugzeuge, bereits auf große Entfernung dienen.From US-A-4,638,739 a generic object for a high-speed missile is known, which is accelerated to the highest speed, for example by electromagnetic forces, and not swirl stabilized. This is intended to effectively combat fast-moving targets, such as missiles and fighter jets, from a great distance.

Ein vorderseitiger erster Teil des Treibkäfigs ist im wesentlichen kragenförmig aus vier gleichen Segmenten gestaltet, welche im Bereich von Trennfugen in einer jeweiligen Aufnahme eine gegen die benachbarte Trennfugenfläche zur Ablösung vom Fluggeschoß entlastbare vorgespannte Druckfeder aufweist. Ein Heckteil des Treibkäfigs ist mit einer vorspringenden Aufnahme kreisringförmigen Querschnitts für das Fluggeschoß derart versehen, daß der Vorsprung zentrierend in eine rückseitige Öffnung des Fluggeschosses eingreift.A front-side first part of the sabot is essentially collar-shaped from four identical segments, which in the area of parting lines in a respective receptacle has a prestressed compression spring that can be relieved against the neighboring parting surface for detachment from the flight floor. A rear part of the sabot is provided with a projecting receptacle of an annular cross-section for the missile in such a way that the projection engages in the center of a rear opening of the missile.

Dieser bekannte Treibkäfig weist eine Reihe von Nachteilen auf. Bei seinem ersten Teil müssen entgegen der Beschleunigungsrichtung frontal angreifende Kräfte mit den Kräften aus den Druckfedern im wesentlichen gleichgewichtig zusammenwirken. Hieraus resultiert eine unverkennbare Empfindlichkeit der Anordnung, welche die Handhabbarkeit stark beeinträchtigt. Dies trifft auch zu für den Heckteil und verbietet eine unverzichtbare Kadenz, zumal mit letzterer ein Zuführschock verknüpft ist, durch welchen eine Relativbewegung des Fluggeschosses gegenüber dem Heckteil verursacht werden kann. Gleichzeitig kann es im ersten Teil zu einer Verkeilung derart kommen, daß eine nachfolgende Beschleunigung der Gesamtanordnung nicht realisierbar ist. Hierdurch wird die Brauchbarkeit unter durch einen Kampfauftrag gegebenen Bedingungen bis zum völligen Verlust beeinträchtigt und ist zur Verwendung im Zusammenhang mit Rohrwaffen überhaupt nicht gegeben.This known sabot has a number of disadvantages. In its first part, forces acting frontally against the direction of acceleration must interact with the forces from the compression springs in an essentially equilibrium manner. This results in an unmistakable sensitivity of the arrangement, which greatly affects the handling. This also applies to the rear part and forbids an indispensable cadence, especially since the latter is linked to a feed shock, which causes a relative movement of the missile relative to the rear part can be. At the same time, wedging may occur in the first part in such a way that subsequent acceleration of the overall arrangement cannot be achieved. As a result, the usability under conditions given by a combat mission is impaired until it is completely lost and is not given at all for use in connection with barrel weapons.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgleichen Gegenstand zu schaffen, dessen Handhab- und Brauchbarkeit auch bei unverzichtbarer Kadenz gewährleistet ist und dabei auch die Verwendung in einer Rohrwaffe bei störungsfreier Ablösung vom Fluggeschoß zuläßt. Das Erfüllen dieser Forderungen wird als wesentliche Voraussetzung für die Eignung zum Einsatz gegen sich schnell bewegende Ziele, beispielsweise Flugkörper und Kampfflugzeuge, bereits auf große Entfernung angesehen, wobei ein Trägersystem sowohl bei erdgebundenen wie auch in größerer Höhe über der Erdoberfläche unter unterschiedlichen Bedingungen oparabel sein kann. Beim Boden-Luft-Einsatz spielt auch die Bekämpfung schneller Ziele in Bodennähe eine wesentliche Rolle. Beim Luft-Luft-Einsatz ist als Träger sowohl an ein entsprechendes Flugzeug operativer Beweglichkeit wie auch an einen Satelliten zu denken. In allen Fällen kommt einem geringstmöglichen durch den Treibkäfig repräsentierten Totlastanteil mit Rücksicht auf eine hohe endballistische Leistung wesentliche Bedeutung zu. Hinzu tritt beim Luft-Luft-Einsatz die Restriktion durch die begrenzte Tragfähigkeit des Trägersystems. Die zahlenmäßige Menge an zielwirksamer Munition kann umso größer sein, je geringer der damit verbundene unvermeidbare Totlastanteil ist.The invention has for its object to provide a generic object, the handling and usability is guaranteed even with indispensable cadence and thereby also allows use in a barrel weapon with trouble-free detachment from the missile. The fulfillment of these requirements is regarded as an essential prerequisite for the suitability for use against fast-moving targets, e.g. missiles and fighter jets, even at a great distance, whereby a carrier system can be opaque both at earth-bound and at a greater height above the earth's surface under different conditions . Combating fast targets close to the ground also plays an important role in ground-air operations. In the case of air-to-air use, the carrier should be considered to have a corresponding aircraft with operational mobility as well as a satellite. In all cases, the lowest possible percentage of dead load represented by the sabot is of great importance with regard to high endballistic performance. In addition, in air-to-air use there is the restriction due to the limited load capacity of the carrier system. The number of target-effective ammunition can be greater, the lower the associated unavoidable dead load.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe nach der Lehre des Patentanspruchs 1 mit den in dessen kennzeichnendem Teil angegebenen erfinderischen Merkmalen.This object is achieved according to the teaching of claim 1 with the inventive features specified in its characterizing part.

Zwar ist durch die DE-OS 29 51 904 ein Treibkäfig für ein unterkalibriges Fluggeschoß bekannt, welcher auch mit dem Ziel gestaltet ist, nur eine vergleichsweise geringe Eigenmasse aufzuweisen, aber er bedarf über die Geschoßumfangsfläche vorstehender Elemente zum Gewährleisten eines beim Rohrdurchgang unerläßlichen gegenseitigen Formschlusses in der Beschleunigungsrichtung. Eine derartige oder vergleichbare Maßnahme würde aber im hier gegebenen Zusammenhang zu einer so drastischen Vergrößerung des Luftwiderstandsbeiwertes führen, daß der damit zwangweise einhergehende Geschwindigkeitsabfall des Fluggeschosses die Unbrauchbarkeit des letzteren zum Bekämpfen schneller Flugziele auf große Entfernung zur Folge hätte.Although DE-OS 29 51 904 is a sabot for a sub-caliber missile is known, which is also designed with the goal of having only a comparatively low dead weight, but it requires elements above the floor circumference to ensure a mutual positive locking in the acceleration direction, which is essential for the passage of the pipe. Such or a comparable measure would, however, in the context given here, lead to such a drastic increase in the drag coefficient that the associated drop in speed of the missile would result in the inability to use the latter to combat fast flight targets at great distances.

Auch ein Treibkäfig nach der DE-OS 33 18 972 ist zum Lösen der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgaben ungeeignet, da, abgesehen von der erheblichen Eigenmasse, eine störungsfreie Ablösung vom zur Widerstandsstabilisierung gestalteten Fluggeschoß nicht zu gewährleisten ist.A sabot according to DE-OS 33 18 972 is also unsuitable for solving the problems on which the invention is based, since apart from the considerable weight, a trouble-free detachment from the missile designed for resistance stabilization cannot be guaranteed.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand dreier in der Zeichnung im wesentlichen schematisch dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert, wobei es sich bei den Fig. 1, 3 und 5 im wesentlichen um vereinfachte längsaxiale Schnitte und bei den Figuren 2 und 4 um Querschnitte nach der jeweiligen Linie II-II und IV-IV in den Figuren 2 bzw. 3 handelt. Im wesentlichen gleiche Elemente sind mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to three exemplary embodiments, which are shown essentially schematically in the drawing, with FIGS. 1, 3 and 5 essentially being simplified longitudinal-axial sections and in FIGS. 2 and 4 being cross-sections according to the respective line II - II and IV-IV in Figures 2 and 3 respectively. Substantially identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

Gemäß Fig. 1 ist ein spitzkegeliges rotationssymmetrisches Fluggeschoß 10.1 großen Länge/Durchmesser-Verhältnisses in einem dünnwandigen, im wesentlichen büchsenförmigen Treibkäfig 20 angeordnet. Die Außenwandung des Treibkäfigs 20 ist im wesentlichen kreiszylindrisch und weist (siehe Fig. 2) Längsschlitze 50 und 52 auf, so daß sich profilierte, das Fluggeschoß 10.1 umgebende Elemente bilden. Im vorderen Bereich des Treibkäfigs 20 radial nach innen einspringende Halterungen 40 legen sich im Bereich eines Fluggeschoßschwerpunkts 18 der Umfangsfläche 14 des Fluggeschosses 10.1 in einem Haltebereich 41 an und bilden eine vorderseitige erste zentrierende Aufnahme 20.3. Eine rückseitige zweite zentrierende Aufnahme 20.4 ist im Bereich des Fluggeschoßheckteiles 16 durch einen zentralen Zapfen 32 gegeben, welcher rückseitig in einen Hohlraum 17 des Fluggeschosses 10.1 eingreift. Der Treibkäfig 20 wird rückendig von einer geschlossenen Fläche 54 begrenzt, in deren Nachbarschaft die Umfassungsfläche 28 ein radial verformbares bandförmiges Element 68 aufweist. Im Bereich der Aufnahme 20.3 sind ebenfalls radial zusammendrückbare Elemente 66 angeordnet, welche zum Zwecke besserer Handhabbarkeit zu einem Band miteinander verbunden sein können. Vorderseitig sind die Halterungen 40 mit nach innen gegen die Geschoßlängsachse A geneigten, jedoch verhältnismäßig kleinen Anströmflächen 46 versehen, welche den Teil einer Lufttasche 48, aber gleichzeitig nicht näher bezeichnete Durchlässe in einen Stauraum 49 bilden, welcher sich zwischen der Umfangsfläche 14 und der Innenfläche 30 erstreckt. Ein Vorderteil 10.10 des Fluggeschosses 10.1 ist aus einem hochdichten Werkstoff, vorzugsweise dank einem hohen Wolframanteil, gefertigt, an welchen sich ein Rückseitenteil 10.11 vergleichsweise geringerer scheinbarer Dichte anschließt. Auf diese Weise liegt der Fluggeschoßschwerpunkt 18 in Beschleunigungsrichtung S genügend weit vor einem nicht dargestellten Luftangriffspunkt. Mit Ausnahme einer innenseitigen Anordnung im Rückseitenbereich 10.21 unterscheidet sich das Fluggeschoß 10.2 nach Fig. 3 von demjenigen nach Fig. 1 insbesondere durch Öffnungen 70 im Haltebereich 41, wobei an den Halteelementen 46 innenseitig radial vorstehende, auf Scherung belastbare Elemente 71 in die fluggeschoßseitigen Öffnungen 70 eingreifen und dieserart für eine Axialfixierung des Fluggeschosses 10.2 im Treibkäfig 22 sorgen, der rückendig von einer geschlossenen Fläche 56 begrenzt wird. Auch bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Forderung Rechnung getragen, daß sich der Fluggeschoßschwerpunkt 18 ausreichend weit vor einem ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Luftangriffspunkt befindet.According to FIG. 1, a conical, rotationally symmetrical missile 10.1 with a large length / diameter ratio is arranged in a thin-walled, essentially sleeve-shaped sabot 20. The outer wall of the sabot 20 is essentially circular-cylindrical and (see FIG. 2) has longitudinal slots 50 and 52, so that profiled elements surrounding the missile 10.1 form. In the front area of the sabot 20, brackets 40 projecting radially inwards lie in the area of a center of gravity of the missile 18 of the peripheral surface 14 of the missile 10.1 in a holding area 41 and form a front centering receptacle 20.3. A second centering receptacle 20.4 on the rear is provided in the region of the missile rear part 16 by a central pin 32 which engages on the rear in a cavity 17 of the missile 10.1. The sabot 20 is bounded at the back by a closed surface 54, in the vicinity of which the surrounding surface 28 has a radially deformable band-shaped element 68. In the area of the receptacle 20.3 there are also arranged radially compressible elements 66 which can be connected to form a band for the purpose of better handling. On the front, the brackets 40 are provided with relatively small inflow surfaces 46 which are inclined inwards against the longitudinal axis A of the floor and which form the part of an air pocket 48, but at the same time passages (not specified in more detail) into a storage space 49 which is formed between the peripheral surface 14 and the inner surface 30 extends. A front part 10.10 of the flight projectile 10.1 is made of a high-density material, preferably thanks to a high proportion of tungsten, which is followed by a rear part 10.11 of comparatively lower apparent density. In this way, the missile center of gravity 18 lies sufficiently far in front of an air attack point (not shown) in the acceleration direction S. 3 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in particular by openings 70 in the holding area 41, wherein elements 71 that protrude radially on the inside on the holding elements 46 and are resilient to shear into the openings 70 on the missile side intervene and in this way provide for an axial fixation of the missile 10.2 in the sabot 22, which is delimited at the back by a closed surface 56. In this embodiment, too, the requirement is met that the missile center of gravity 18 is sufficiently far in front of an air attack point, also not shown.

Beim Treibkäfig 24 gemäß Fig. 5, ein nicht dargestellter Querschnitt entspricht weitgehend demjenigen nach Fig. 2 bzw. Fig. 4, weist rückseitig eine Öffnung 59 mit einem Innengewinde 59.1 auf, deren Innendurchmesser größer ist als der größte Durchmesser D des Fluggeschosses 10.3. Dem Treibkäfig 24 zugeordnete Zentrierflächen 36 sind Teile eines Kegelmantels und legen sich der Fluggeschoßaußenfläche 14 vergleichbar entsprechenden Flächen im Haltebereich 41 an. Auf diese Weise ist eine doppelte Axialfixierung des Fluggeschosses 10.30 gewährleistet. Ein Einschraubelement 60 mit Außengewinde 62 weist eine vorderseitige, nicht näher bezeichnete kreisflächenförmige Aufnahme für eine Heckfläche 19 des Fluggeschosses 10.3 auf und wird rückseitig von einer Heckfläche 58 begrenzt. Einen in der Heckfläche 58 dargestellten Gewindekreis deckt ein kompressibles Element 68 ab, welches sich vorderseitig bis über den Zentrier- und Fixierbereich 36 hinaus erstreckt und damit für eine gegebenenfalls erforderliche Abdichtung sowie für einen ausreichenden radialen Anpreßdruck sorgt. Auch die vorderseitig der Aufnahme 24.3 zugeordneten radial zusammenpreßbaren Elemente 66 können, wie bereits im Zusammenhang mit dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben, miteinander verbunden sein und derart bandförmig ausgebildet.5, a cross-section not shown largely corresponds to that according to FIG. 2 or FIG. 4, has an opening 59 on the back with an internal thread 59.1, the inside diameter of which is larger than the largest diameter D of the missile 10.3. Centering surfaces 36 assigned to the sabot 24 are parts of a conical jacket and lie in the holding area 41 in a manner corresponding to the outer surface 14 of the missile. In this way, a double axial fixation of the flight floor 10.30 is guaranteed. A screw-in element 60 with an external thread 62 has a circular-shaped receptacle for a rear surface 19 of the missile 10.3 on the front side, not designated in more detail, and is delimited on the rear side by a rear surface 58. A thread circle shown in the rear surface 58 is covered by a compressible element 68, which extends on the front side beyond the centering and fixing area 36 and thus provides for a possibly required seal and for a sufficient radial contact pressure. The radially compressible elements 66 assigned on the front side of the receptacle 24.3 can, as already described in connection with the first exemplary embodiment, be connected to one another and formed in the manner of a band.

Eine vorderseitige Konusfläche 76 an jedem der dargestellten Treibkäfige erleichtert das axiale Einführen der jeweiligen Anordnung in Ausgangsposition in einer Hochbeschleunigungsvorrichtung. Einer solchen sind die Werkstoffe des jeweiligen Treibkäfigs derart angepaßt, daß bei möglichst geringem Totlastanteil beschleunigungsbedingte Druckkräfte, welche vom jeweiligen Fluggeschoß ausgeübt werden, sicher aufgenommen werden können. Verläßt die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung die betreffende Hochbeschleunigungsvorrichtung, so ist der Innenraum 49 bereits derart mit Luft gefüllt, daß unter der Wirkung der nunmehr von außen einströmenden Luft die durch die Längsschlitze 50 und 52 aus dem Treibkäfig gebildeten Elemente hebelartig in Richtung von Pfeilen K verschwenkt werden. Dabei erweist sich ein Bereich 37 des Treibkäfigs 24 vorteilhafterweise derart als Sollbruchstelle, daß das Fluggeschoß 10.3 seine Bewegung in Richtung S unbehindert fortsetzen kann.A front cone surface 76 on each of the drive cages shown facilitates the axial insertion of the respective arrangement in the starting position in a high-acceleration device. The materials of the respective sabot are adapted in such a way that pressure forces due to acceleration, which are exerted by the respective missile, can be safely absorbed with the lowest possible dead load. If the arrangement according to the invention leaves the high-acceleration device in question, the interior 49 is already filled with air in such a way that under the effect of the air now flowing in from outside, it passes through the longitudinal slots 50 and 52 from the drive cage formed elements are pivoted lever-like in the direction of arrows K. A region 37 of the sabot 24 advantageously proves to be a predetermined breaking point in such a way that the missile 10.3 can continue its movement in the S direction unhindered.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig 3 treten beim Verschwenken der Elemente in Richtung der Pfeile K die erwähnten Elemente 71 an den Vorsprüngen 46 aus den korrespondierenden Öffnungen 70 im Fluggeschoß 10.2 aus; dabei ist, beispielsweise durch einen nicht dargestellten Trägheitskörper, welcher sich entlang der Geschoßlängsachse A bewegen kann, oder mit Hilfe durch Federn radial bewegbarer Füllstücke 72 eine glatte Außenfläche 14 des Fluggeschosses 10.2 wieder realisierbar.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, when the elements are pivoted in the direction of the arrows K, the elements 71 mentioned emerge from the corresponding openings 70 on the missile 10.2 on the projections 46; a smooth outer surface 14 of the missile 10.2 can be realized again, for example by an inertial body, not shown, which can move along the longitudinal axis A of the floor, or with the aid of fillers 72 which can be moved radially by springs.

Bei den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Fig. 1 und 3 sind der ersten zentrierenden Aufnahme 20.3; 22.3 radial zusammendrückbare Reibschlußelemente 41 zugeordnet. Gemäß Fig. 1 übernehmen Sie allein die axiale Fixierung des Fluggeschosses 10.1 im Treibkäfig 20 bei einem vergleichsweise geringen Zuführschock. Gemäß Fig. 3 unterstützen sie die Wirkung der Elemente 71. Derartige Reibschlußelemente 41 können auch, obwohl dort nicht zeichnerisch dargestellt, beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 5 im Bereich der ersten zentrierenden Aufnahme 24.3 angeordnet sein. Da nämlich dort bereits in der rückseitigen zentrierenden Aufnahme 24.2 ein Formschluß zwischen dem Fluggeschoß 10.3 und dem Treibkäfig 24 verwirklicht ist, kann bei entsprechender Starrheit des Vorsprungs 44 durch dessen Anlagefläche 41.1 eine Überbestimmtheit vermieden werden.In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 3, the first centering receptacle 20.3; 22.3 assigned radially compressible frictional engagement elements 41. According to FIG. 1, you only take over the axial fixation of the flight projectile 10.1 in the sabot 20 with a comparatively low feed shock. According to FIG. 3, they support the effect of the elements 71. Such frictional engagement elements 41, although not shown in the drawing, can also be arranged in the region of the first centering receptacle 24.3 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5. Since there is already a positive fit between the missile 10.3 and the sabot 24 in the centering receptacle 24.2 on the rear side, overdetermination can be avoided if the projection 44 is rigid due to its rigidity.

Da ein den Elementen 71 (Fig. 3) zugeordneter Öffnungsweg K ein kreisbogen mit großen Radius ist, kann eine Beeinträchtigung des Verhaltens des Fluggeschosses ausgeschlossen werden.Since an opening path K assigned to the elements 71 (FIG. 3) is an arc with a large radius, an impairment of the behavior of the missile can be excluded.

Das in Fig. 5 dargestellte Einschraubelement 60 kann vorteilhafterweise in seinem Rückseitenbereich den Außendurchmesser des Treibkäfigs 24 aufweisen. So kann der betreffende Bereich mit seiner rückseitigen Begrenzungsfläche - insbesondere bei Rohrwaffen - den gesamten Gasdruck aufnehmen und trägt den Treibkäfig 24. Hierdurch kann das Festigkeitsverhalten während der Hochbeschleunigung erheblich gewinnen.The screw-in element 60 shown in FIG. 5 can advantageously have the outside diameter of the sabot 24 in its rear area. The area in question, with its rear boundary surface - in particular in the case of barrel weapons - can absorb the entire gas pressure and carries the sabot 24. This can significantly increase the strength behavior during high acceleration.

Auf den Werkstoff (die Werkstoffe) betreffende Erörterungen wurde verzichtet. Hierauf gerichtete Lehren unterliegen selbstverständlich neben der Forderung nach einem geringen Totlastanteil und guter Handhabbarkeit unter unterschiedlichen Einsatzbedingungen auch derjenigen nach der Verwendbarkeit mit den unterschiedlichen Hochbeschleunigungsvorrichtungen, gleichgültig, ob die Energie zur Beschleunigung in chemischer und/oder elektrischer Form verfügbar ist. Dem Durchschnittsfachmann dürfen diese Kriterien für bekannt gelten, und letztere können sich auf geringfügige konstruktive Modifikationen erstrecken. Diese können durch unterschiedliche Formen des lichten Querschnitts/Kalibers erforderlich sein, und es bedarf an dieser Stelle keines näheren Eingehens hierauf.Discussions regarding the material (s) have been omitted. Lessons directed to this are of course subject to the requirement for a low dead load and good manageability under different conditions of use, as well as to the usability with the different high-acceleration devices, regardless of whether the energy for acceleration is available in chemical and / or electrical form. These criteria may be known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the latter may extend to minor design modifications. These may be necessary due to different forms of the clear cross-section / caliber, and no further details are required here.

Claims (8)

  1. Sabot (20;22;24) for a conical projectile (10.1; 10.2; 10,3) with a segmented front part (20.1; 22.1; 24;1) with a first centering receiver (20,3; 22.3; 24.3) of the sabot (20; 22; 24) and a tail part (20.2; 22.2; 24.2) extending around the outside of the projectile (10.1; 10.2; 10.3) with a second centering receiver (20.4; 22.4; 24.4) and a closed surface (54; 56; 58) delimiting the tail part (20.2; 22.4; 24.2) at the end, characterised by the fact that the front part (20.1; 22.1; 24.1) of the sabot (20; 22; 24) is rigidly connected to the tail part (20.2; 22.2; 24.2) of the sabot (20; 22; 24) and that the front part (20.1; 22.1; 24.1) has a mounting (40; 42; 44) forming a first centering receiver (20.3; 22.3; 24.3) with an air compartment (48), and that the first centering receiver (20.3; 22.3; 24.3) supports the projectile (10.1; 10.2; 10.3) in the zone of its centre of gravity (18).
  2. Sabot in accordance with Claim 1, characterised by the fact that the second centering receiver (24.4) constitutes a positive interlock connection in respect of a relative axial movement of the projectile (10.3) in the direction of acceleration (S) between the tail part (24.2) and the projectile (10.3).
  3. Sabot in accordance with Claim 1, characterised by the fact that interlocking elements (71) which can be subjected to transverse force are associated with the front part (20.1; 22.1; 24.1) and a first zone (10.20) of the projectile (10.2).
  4. Sabot in accordance with Claim 1, characterised by a radially compressible friction-tight element (41) associated with the first receiver (20.3; 22.3).
  5. Sabot in accordance with Claim 1 or 2, characterised by the fact that the sabot (24) is provided in its tail part (24.2) with an opening (59) which has an internal threading (59.1) and which serves as a receiver for a cylindrical screw-in element (60) the diameter of the said opening (59) being greater than the maximum diameter (D) of the projectile (10.3).
  6. Sabot in accordance with one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised by the fact that the first receiver (20.3; 22.3; 24.3) is formed by projections (40; 42; 44) extending radially towards the first zone.
  7. Sabot in accordance with one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised by the fact that the tail part (20.2; 22.2; 24.2) is provided on the outside with a radially compressible band-shaped element (68).
  8. Sabot in accordance with one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised by the fact that the front part (20.1; 22.1; 24.1), in the vicinity of the first receiver (20.3; 22.3; 24.3;) is provided on the outside with at least one radially compressible band-shaped element (66).
EP87710017A 1986-10-21 1987-10-20 Small weight sabot for a high-velocity subcalibre projectile Expired - Lifetime EP0265369B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3635738 1986-10-21
DE19863635738 DE3635738A1 (en) 1986-10-21 1986-10-21 DRIVING CAGE FLYING FLOOR ARRANGEMENT

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0265369A2 EP0265369A2 (en) 1988-04-27
EP0265369A3 EP0265369A3 (en) 1989-01-25
EP0265369B1 true EP0265369B1 (en) 1991-09-11

Family

ID=6312129

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87109633A Withdrawn EP0264546A3 (en) 1986-10-21 1987-07-04 Projectile and its sabot
EP87710017A Expired - Lifetime EP0265369B1 (en) 1986-10-21 1987-10-20 Small weight sabot for a high-velocity subcalibre projectile

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87109633A Withdrawn EP0264546A3 (en) 1986-10-21 1987-07-04 Projectile and its sabot

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4850280A (en)
EP (2) EP0264546A3 (en)
DE (2) DE3635738A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3843188C1 (en) * 1988-12-22 1993-10-14 Rheinmetall Gmbh Projectile for large-calibre weapon - involves controlled and staged thrust force introduction by special conical drive cage formation with simultaneous redn. of dead load part
FR2651570B1 (en) * 1989-09-07 1991-11-22 France Etat Armement CONNECTION DEVICE FOR SUB-CALIBER PROJECTILE SHOVEL.
AT399583B (en) * 1991-07-17 1995-06-26 Steyr Daimler Puch Ag SUB-CALIBRARY BULLET WITH REJECTABLE CAGE
DE4330417C2 (en) * 1993-09-08 1998-02-26 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Sabot for a sub-caliber projectile
DE4330418A1 (en) * 1993-09-08 1995-03-09 Rheinmetall Gmbh Sub-caliber arrow projectile
EP0779967A4 (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-01-07 Lockheed Martin Energy Sys Inc Projectiles having controllable density and mass distribution
RU2256145C2 (en) * 2002-11-20 2005-07-10 Радченко Михаил Юрьевич Mode of making a bullet; a bullet manufactured according to that mode and ammunition with bullet
US20130213376A1 (en) * 2007-01-24 2013-08-22 Bill Whistler Kenworthy Apparatus for launching subcaliber projectiles at propellant operating pressures including the range of pressures that may be supplied by human breath
DE102007037738A1 (en) 2007-08-09 2009-02-12 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Projectile with a guide cage and pusher plate with acceleration-optimized opening
DE102007038486A1 (en) 2007-08-14 2009-02-19 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Method for producing a projectile and bullet
US20090308274A1 (en) * 2008-06-11 2009-12-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation Integrated Pusher Plate for a Canister- or Gun-Launched Projectile and System Incorporating Same
DE102008029396A1 (en) * 2008-06-23 2009-12-24 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Sabot projectile
DE102008029395A1 (en) * 2008-06-23 2009-12-24 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Sabot projectile
US8096243B2 (en) * 2010-03-04 2012-01-17 Glasser Alan Z High velocity ammunition round
US8291828B2 (en) 2010-03-04 2012-10-23 Glasser Alan Z High velocity ammunition round
US9488455B1 (en) * 2015-01-22 2016-11-08 Consolidated Nuclear Security, LLC Sabot assembly
KR101661242B1 (en) * 2015-07-15 2016-09-29 국방과학연구소 A sabot separated after crash with target
CN105737692B (en) * 2016-04-13 2017-10-10 北京理工大学 It is a kind of to accelerate bullet support and method without empennage body
KR101916360B1 (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-11-09 국방과학연구소 Protection covering for folded tail fin of projectile
CN113865439B (en) * 2021-10-25 2022-06-10 中国科学院力学研究所 High-overload-resistant projectile for gas detonation-driven ultrahigh-speed launching device

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US36773A (en) * 1862-10-28 Improvement in projectiles for rifled ordnance
FR592192A (en) * 1924-03-26 1925-07-28 Batignolles Sa Const Des Improvement in fletched projectiles
US2775943A (en) * 1944-04-05 1957-01-01 Carolus L Eksergian Projectiles
US2616372A (en) * 1945-08-02 1952-11-04 Rudolph O Frantik Projectile
US2715874A (en) * 1945-08-02 1955-08-23 Charles E Hablutzel Projectile with a bourrelet retaining a segmented ring in a core-groove
US2669930A (en) * 1946-01-05 1954-02-23 Remington Arms Co Inc Sabot projectile
BE524168A (en) * 1953-04-27
US3880083A (en) * 1967-05-19 1975-04-29 Us Army Bimetallic mass stabilized flechette
US3447466A (en) * 1967-09-05 1969-06-03 Oerlikon Buhrie Holding Ltd Sabot projectile with core guiding means
US3745926A (en) * 1971-06-21 1973-07-17 Us Army Sabot spin-stabilized projectile
DE2223477A1 (en) * 1972-05-13 1973-11-22 Paul J Kopsch Shell antifriction coating - for a shell with a disengaging lightweight cap
US4015535A (en) * 1975-04-10 1977-04-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Hypervelocity spallators
US4043269A (en) * 1976-05-27 1977-08-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Sealed sabot projectile
DE2743732A1 (en) * 1977-09-29 1986-07-10 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf BULLET STOCK
FR2445509A1 (en) * 1978-12-28 1980-07-25 Thomson Brandt LAUNCHING MECHANISM OF A SUB-CALIBER PROJECTILE
DE3047517A1 (en) * 1980-12-17 1982-07-01 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh, 7238 Oberndorf Practice shell with driving ring - has core inside segmented sleeve connected to grooved driving ring carrying reinforcing ring
DE3261947D1 (en) * 1981-08-13 1985-02-28 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Connection between the casing and the rear part of a sabot for a projectile
DE3277027D1 (en) * 1981-10-06 1987-09-24 Michael John Robins A pellet for an air, gas or spring gun
SE444984B (en) * 1982-05-28 1986-05-20 Bofors Ab DRIVING ORGANIZATION FOR UNDER-CALIBRATED ROTATION STABILIZED PROJECTIL
US4590862A (en) * 1983-05-23 1986-05-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile pusher-type discarding sabot
EP0152492B1 (en) * 1984-01-31 1987-12-23 Rheinmetall GmbH Gun ammunition
US4638739A (en) * 1986-02-14 1987-01-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Sabot for an electromagnetically-accelerated, unguided hypervelocity penetrator
FR2599828B1 (en) * 1986-06-05 1990-08-24 Sauvestre Jean Claude SMALL OR MEDIUM CALIBER AMMUNITION WITH IMPROVED EFFICIENCY AND LIMITED RANGE, ESPECIALLY FOR HUNTING

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3635738A1 (en) 1988-05-19
EP0264546A2 (en) 1988-04-27
DE3772927D1 (en) 1991-10-17
DE3635738C2 (en) 1990-08-16
EP0265369A3 (en) 1989-01-25
EP0265369A2 (en) 1988-04-27
US4850280A (en) 1989-07-25
EP0264546A3 (en) 1989-01-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0265369B1 (en) Small weight sabot for a high-velocity subcalibre projectile
DE2836963A1 (en) AMMUNITION UNIT FOR TUBE ARMS
DE3207220A1 (en) FLOOR ARRANGEMENT
DE3332023A1 (en) DRIVING MIRROR FOR SUB-CALIBRAL BULLETS
EP0152492A1 (en) Gun ammunition
DE3038087A1 (en) ARROW-STABILIZED RIFLE BULLET (PENETRATOR)
DE2007822A1 (en) Grenade with an under-calibrated core
DE19748829C2 (en) Packaging container for large-caliber ammunition
DE3715085C2 (en) Missile projectile
EP1006336B1 (en) Spin stabilised projectile
DE3339039A1 (en) Smoke projectile
EP0300373B1 (en) Fin stabilised subcalibre projectile
EP0361412A2 (en) Subcalibre ammunition
DE19644524C2 (en) Gun turret for armored vehicles
DE3735481A1 (en) Discarding sabot having a low intrinsic mass for a sub-calibre, high-speed flying projectile
EP0149703A2 (en) Anti-tank projectile
DE3618958C1 (en) Tail unit with deployable wings
DE2736529A1 (en) SHORT STOREY FLOOR
EP0224154B1 (en) Missile with multiple submissiles
EP1314952B1 (en) Full calibre projectile
CH658905A5 (en) Twist-stabilized practice floor.
EP0069836A2 (en) Projectile
DE4026902C2 (en) Bullet
DE4330418A1 (en) Sub-caliber arrow projectile
DE4001041C2 (en)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19890202

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19900319

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3772927

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19911017

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19970915

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19970915

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19970922

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19981020

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19981020

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990803