EP0265317A1 - Linear device for the rapid adjustment and blocking of a fixed part, especially for use in the control of a work table guide of a wood-working machine - Google Patents

Linear device for the rapid adjustment and blocking of a fixed part, especially for use in the control of a work table guide of a wood-working machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0265317A1
EP0265317A1 EP87402234A EP87402234A EP0265317A1 EP 0265317 A1 EP0265317 A1 EP 0265317A1 EP 87402234 A EP87402234 A EP 87402234A EP 87402234 A EP87402234 A EP 87402234A EP 0265317 A1 EP0265317 A1 EP 0265317A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nut
screw
housing
seat
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87402234A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Periou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rockwell-CIM
Original Assignee
Rockwell-CIM
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rockwell-CIM filed Critical Rockwell-CIM
Publication of EP0265317A1 publication Critical patent/EP0265317A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/90—Details or parts not otherwise provided for
    • B60N2/919—Positioning and locking mechanisms
    • B60N2/929—Positioning and locking mechanisms linear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B1/00—Devices for securing together, or preventing relative movement between, constructional elements or machine parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/24—Elements essential to such mechanisms, e.g. screws, nuts
    • F16H25/2454—Brakes; Rotational locks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18568—Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary
    • Y10T74/18576—Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary including screw and nut
    • Y10T74/18672—Plural screws in series [e.g., telescoping, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19637—Gearing with brake means for gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19642—Directly cooperating gears
    • Y10T74/19698—Spiral
    • Y10T74/19702—Screw and nut
    • Y10T74/19707—Plural longitudinally variably spaced nuts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2142—Pitmans and connecting rods
    • Y10T74/2151—Longitudinally adjustable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/727—With means to guide moving work
    • Y10T83/741—With movable or yieldable guide element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a linear device for rapid adjustment and blocking of a moving part with respect to a fixed part.
  • Such a device constituting a mechanical jack, is capable of receiving extremely numerous applications, for example for adjusting the guide of a table of a woodworking machine, or also for adjusting the positions of the elements of a seat, in particular in a motor vehicle, boat or plane.
  • French patent 2,567,562 discloses a seat adjustment system by means of the combination of a screw and a toothed wheel, equipped with blocking pads actuated by a spring.
  • a device has, in practice, an insufficient resistance to efforts and moreover the pads prove to be unsustainable, because they require too large a spring.
  • the resistance to forces that such an adjustment system must be able to exhibit it should be specified that it must be able to withstand a frontal impact from the vehicle at 60 km / h, corresponding to a deceleration of 20 G.
  • this known embodiment cannot withstand such a shock.
  • Another embodiment is also known comprising an axis passing through locking washers which can each be actuated by a spring which applies them to the axis, so as to block the latter.
  • Such a device is expensive, because the washers must be made of noble metals, harder than that of the axis.
  • these washers are difficult to machine because of the tight tolerances which must be respected between the diameters of the washers and that of the axis. On the other hand, if these tolerances are effectively respected, this device has the advantage of withstanding sudden decelerations reaching approximately 20 G.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a linear device constituting a mechanical jack for rapid adjustment of a moving part with respect to a fixed part, which can withstand brutal shocks of the order of magnitude indicated above and which is also relatively easy and expensive to manufacture.
  • this device is characterized in that it comprises at least a pair of screw-nut elements cooperating with the two fixed and movable parts, the angle of the screw or screws of which is sufficiently high so that the yield of the translation towards the rotation is slightly positive, and which is provided with means for locking the rotary element of screw-nut torque after adjusting the position of the moving part.
  • the screw is movable in translation, fixed in rotation and integral with the movable part, and passes through a fixed nut in translation, guided in rotation in a housing integral with said fixed part and capable of being provided with nut locking means.
  • the device comprises a screw movable in translation and fixed in rotation, a threaded and threaded nut in two opposite steps and a threaded nut crossed by the nut, this nut being able to be secured with the movable part with r rule, while the screw is integral with the fixed part, the nut being movable both in translation and in rotation when an axial force is exerted on the nut by the movable part and the nut is likely to wear a nut locking system.
  • the device comprises a nut in which are arranged two threads of opposite pitch and which each cooperate with a screw, these two screws having opposite pitch, and the nut is rotatably mounted in a support housing through which the screws pass, so that, one of the screws being integral with the moving part, the nut can be moved both in rotation and in translation under the action of the axial force exerted on the screw secured to the moving part to be adjusted, and the housing is provided with means for locking the nut.
  • the screw carries two threads with opposite pitches which each cooperate with a nut, one of which is connected to the fixed part and the other to the movable part to be adjusted, so that the 'force exerted on the movable nut in translation from the movable part moves the screw both in translation and in rotation, the screw passing through a housing which can be provided with means for locking said screw.
  • a vehicle seat can be equipped, for adjusting the inclination of its backrest relative to its seat, with two linear devices according to the invention. invention, articulated on the one hand on the lower ends of the back frame and on the seat on the other hand.
  • two adjustment devices are articulated on the one hand on the seat and on the other hand on movable slides integral with the seat, sliding in slides fixed to the floor.
  • two devices according to the invention are articulated, on the one hand on the two fixed runners, and on the other hand on rods linked to the seat.
  • FIG. 1 a first embodiment of the linear quick adjustment device according to the invention, of a movable part relative to a fixed part not shown.
  • This device comprises a screw 48 which passes through a nut 45 arranged in an interior housing of a housing 46 with interposition of ball raceways 47.
  • the bore of the nut 45 is provided with a tapping engaged with the thread 48a of the screw 48 and the nut 45, and locked in axial translation inside the housing 46. It is therefore movable only in rotation around of the axis X-X ⁇ of the screw 48, which is movable in translation and fixed in rotation.
  • the screw 48 comprises an end eyelet 48b making it possible to secure it with the movable part to be adjusted, while the housing 46 is integral with the fixed part.
  • the angle of the screw 48 that is to say the angle of inclination of its threads on a perpendicular to the axis X-X ⁇ (also called helix angle or thread angle) is chosen so to be high enough for the efficiency of the translation of the screw 48 towards the rotation of the nut 45 to be slightly positive.
  • the device can be provided with a locking system, not shown, making it possible to block the nut 45 in rotation and consequently the screw ⁇ 8 in translation, when the latter is in the position corresponding to the desired setting for the moving part.
  • An axial thrust on the screw 48 in one or the other direction results, in this device, only by a rotation of the nut 45 in its housing 46.
  • the device 49 comprises a screw 52 movable in translation and fixed in rotation, a nut 51 having a thread cooperating with the thread of the screw as well as an external thread 53 whose the pitch is opposite to that of the internal thread traversed by the screw 52.
  • the nut 51 passes through a nut 54 provided with a thread 50 and capable of being secured to the fixed part (not shown t) to be adjusted, while the screw 52 is secured to the moving part.
  • the nut 51 is movable both in translation and in rotation when an axial force H is exerted on the screw 52 by the movable part.
  • the nut 54 is capable of carrying a locking system (not shown) of the nut 51.
  • the angle of the screw 52 is chosen so as to be high enough for the efficiency of the translation towards the rotation is slightly positive.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a third embodiment of the adjustment device, in which the latter comprises a nut 57 having an interior housing 58 and in the ends of which are tapped two threads of opposite pitch which each cooperate with a screw 56a, 56b, these two screws having reverse pitch.
  • the nut 57 is rotatably mounted in a support housing 59 also crossed by the screw 56a, 56b. The angle of these being chosen so that the efficiency of translation towards rotation is slightly positive, and one of the screws 56a, 56b being secured to the moving part (not shown) to be adjusted, while the other screw is secured to the fixed part, the nut 57 is movable both in rotation and in translation under the action of an axial force such as Y, exerted on the screw secured to the moving part.
  • the housing 59 accompanies the translational movement of the nut 57.
  • the housing 59 may be provided with means for locking (not shown) the nut 57, and consequently for blocking the screw connected to the moving part. .
  • the adjustment device comprises a screw 150 carrying two threads 150a, 150b with pitch opposites which each cooperate with a nut 151, 152 one of which is connected to the fixed part and the other to the movable part to be adjusted, by respective eyelets 153, 154.
  • the screw 150 passes through a housing 155 which can be provided with screw locking means 150.
  • the adjustment device or mechanical jack 62 is of the type of that of Figure 1 and comprises a screw 63 whose end 63a is adapted to be articulated on a part to be adjusted, movable by relative to the fixed support 64 of the device 62.
  • the screw 63 passes right through a housing 65 articulated by a pivot 66 on the support 64.
  • the pivot 66 is perpendicular to the axis of the screw 63, in order to allow the pivoting of the entire device 62 around the pivot 66 to accompany the movements of the part to be adjusted.
  • the screw 63 also passes axially through a nut 67 housed in the housing 65 and fixed in translation, guided in rotation by rolling balls 58 held by a socket 69.
  • the nut 67 is kept locked in rotation when the device is at rest , by a locking element 71 axially traversed by the screw 63 and carrying teeth or radial dogs 72 capable of coming into engagement with corresponding carbs 73 of the nut 67, under the thrust of a spring 74 disposed in the housing 65 coaxially with screw 63 and bearing on the bottom of this case.
  • the unlocking of the nut 67 can be obtained by a lever 75 articulated on the housing 65 around a transverse axis thereof, and which is provided with lateral ears 76 which can drive in axial translation two pins 77 integral with the latch 71 and projecting laterally through the wall of the housing 65 in corresponding buttonholes 78 .
  • Figures 10 and 11 shows an adjustment device of the type of that of Figure 1, equipped with means for unlocking the nut 79 in rotation, crossed by a screw 81.
  • These means comprise, arranged diametrically opposite, on either side of the nut 79 between the latter and the longitudinal walls of a housing 82, two pairs of parallel rollers 83, 84, elastically urged to bear against the nut 79 by leaf springs 85 bearing on the wall of the housing 82, so as to block the nut 79 in rotation.
  • the device also comprises corners 86 engaged between the opposite ends of the rollers 83, 84, as well as means for advancing the corners 85 between the rollers so as to spread them apart and thus unlock the nut 79, or to retract these corners 86 in order to lock the nut 79.
  • these means comprise a clamp 87 formed by two jaws 88, 89, the jaw 88 being in L and the jaw 89 being articulated on one end of the jaw 88.
  • Each end of the jaws 88, 89 carries a wedge 86, and the jaw 89 is further articulated at 91 on an element 92 fixed externally to the housing 82, for example by welding.
  • the device for controlling the unlocking of the nut 79 of the mechanical jack also of the type of that of FIG. 1, shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, comprises a pair of jaws 95 respectively secured to a profile 96 and able to deviate from the nut 79 by sliding on the interior guides 97 of the housing 98.
  • the jaws 95 have a curvature equal to that of the cylindrical nut 79 in order to be able to be applied thereto, under the action of a spring 99, and are capable of being moved away from the nut 79 by the rotation of a lever 101, one bent end 102 of which is rotatably engaged in a protrusion 103 of the wall of the housing 98.
  • the end 102 carries two fingers 104 each in contact with a plate 105 secured to one end of the profile corresponding 96.
  • Each plate 105 has an edge 105a inclined on the axis of the screw 81 and in contact with the corresponding finger 104.
  • the spring 99 keeps the jaws 95 applied to the surface of the nut 79, which is thus locked in rotation.
  • the fingers 104 exert on the respective plates 105 forces of opposite directions, which separate the jaws 95 from one another, the nut 79 thus being unlocked in rotation.
  • FIGs 15 to 17 show another embodiment of the adjustment device according to the invention, only half of it being visible in Figure 15 and the second half being symmetrical with the first with respect to a median transverse plane.
  • This device is of the type of that of FIG. 3 and comprises a nut 112 crossed by a screw 113 and housed in a housing 114, this nut being guided in rotation by tracks of balls 115.
  • the end 116 of the nut 112 protrudes axially outside the housing 114 and comprises two identical cylindrical sectors 117, which extend axially between the end of the housing 114 and the end portion 116.
  • the latter On its side facing the housing 114, the latter is provided with '' a toothing 118 in which can engage a complementary toothing 119 of a dog clutch 121 consisting of two sectors 122 complementary to the sectors 117 between which they can slide.
  • the dog 121 is subjected to the action of an elastic member 120, which bear on the end of the housing 114 and pushes the dog 121 axially in gear engagement with the teeth 118, which normally keeps the latter locked in place. rotation.
  • the device for controlling the unlocking of the nut 112 comprises, for each of the two screws 113, a part 127, consisting for example of a stamped sheet metal, which partially envelops the housing 114.
  • Each part 127 is provided, at its end situated opposite the dog 121, two lateral wings 128 each having an edge 128a inclined on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the screw 113 and in contact with a lateral finger 129 projecting laterally from the dog 121.
  • the sheet 127 is provided with two lateral extensions 131 applied against the housing 114 and allowing manual gripping of the sheet 127 to pivot it around the housing 114.
  • the elastic member 120 tending to keep the dog 121 in engagement with the teeth 119, a rotation of the sheet 127 in the direction of the arrow carried in FIG. 28, by virtue of the extensions 131, turns the wings 128, so that their edges 128a exert on the fingers 129 a force which causes the axial withdrawal of the dog clutch 121 against the stress of the return spring 120, which unlocks the nut 112.
  • the pressure of the spring 120 on the dog clutch 121 causes, by means of the fingers 129, the return of the sheet 127 to its initial position and the locking of the nut 112.
  • the mechanical jack 7 comprises a screw 8, one end 9 of which is pierced with a buttonhole 11, so that it can be articulated on the movable part to be adjusted, or on the fixed part, and a nut 12 pierced with an axial housing 13 having a thread 14 adapted to cooperate with the thread 15 of the screw 8.
  • the nut 12 is itself housed in a housing or body 16 made integral with one of the two fixed and movable parts by a terminal lug 17 pierced with 'a buttonhole 18.
  • an axial housing 19 receiving the nut 12, and the wall of the housing 19 has a thread 21 adapted to cooperate with threads 22 complementary to the nut 12 formed outside thereof, so as to allow the nut 12 to rotate inside the housing 16 around the general axis XX of the mechanical actuator 7, under conditions which will be specified below.
  • the threads 22 are three in number.
  • the device 7 is equipped with means for locking and unlocking the nut 12, making it possible to block the latter in rotation as well as the screw 8 in translation, or on the contrary to release the nut 12 in rotation and thus allow a displacement in axial translation of the screw 8 inside the nut 12.
  • the screw 8 being articulated by its end 9 on a movable or fixed part, cannot rotate around its axis XX, so that when this screw 8 is subjected to an axial thrust F, it can only move in axial translation in the nut 12 only if the latter is free to rotate.
  • these means for locking the nut 12 comprise: a portion of the locking cylinder 23 provided with internal threads 24, 25, 26 combined with the threads 22 of the nut 12 (therefore also 3 in this example), and in these two series of threads 22-26 are made respective grooves 22a; 24a, 25a, 26a complementary, parallel to the X-X axis.
  • the locking cylinder 23 is housed in a longitudinal compartment 27 of the housing 16, extending parallel to the housing 19.
  • the internal thread 21 is interrupted over an angular sector equal to that occupied by the locking cylinder portion 23, as seen in Figure 23.
  • the locking cylinder 23 is in an axial position such that its threads 24-26 are in the radial extension of the threads of the thread 21, the threads 24-26 form with those -this a single thread. This therefore allows the rotation of the nut 12 as well as its axial displacement in the housing 16 by cooperation of its threads 22 with the thread 21 put in phase with the threads 24-26.
  • the locker 23 is biased by an elastic member 28, constituted by a helical spring coaxial with a cable 29, one end of which is secured to the locker 23 by a stop 31 disposed in a corresponding recess in the locker 23.
  • the cable 29 thus extends in the compartment 27 and passes through the body 16 outside of which it is wrapped in a seed 32.
  • the cable 29 is provided with its end opposite to the stop 31 of a control element (not shown), for example a manual handle.
  • the spring 28 is supported on a bottom of the compartment 27 and exerts on one end of the locker 23 a thrust substantially parallel to the axis XX, which tends to keep the locker 23 in axial abutment against a retaining means such as a rod 33 partially housed in a corresponding groove on the periphery of the housing 16.
  • the housing 27 is dimensioned so as to allow alternating axial displacements of the locker 23 and to guide these displacements by its walls (FIG. 19).
  • the operation of the adjustment device 7 is as follows:
  • an axial thrust F on the screw 8 results in a double movement: the screw 8 causes the rotation of the nut 12 inside which it is pushed in by cooperation of the threads 14 and 15, and the nut 12 performs an axial translation in the housing 16 inside which it sinks.
  • the axial movements of the locker 23 are guided by the longitudinal walls of the housing 27 (FIG. 3) and likewise the movements of the cable 29 are guided by a corresponding housing on the surface of the locker 23.
  • FIG. 24 illustrates an example of application of the quick adjustment device according to the invention to the adjustment of the components of a seat, which can be that of a vehicle (cars, planes, boats), or of a fixed installation any.
  • This seat comprises a frame 1 consisting of a back frame 2, a seat 3 on which the frame 2 is articulated, two lateral rails 4, each connected to the seat 3 by two links 5 articulated on the seat 3 and on the slides 4, the latter being slidably mounted in slides 6 fixed to the floor 35.
  • the frame 1 is equipped with several linear adjustment devices constituting as many mechanical jacks allowing the adjustment of the three constituent elements of the seat: two jacks 7a are articulated, on the one hand on the lower ends of the frame 2, and on the 'seat 3 to allow adjustment of the inclination of the frame 2 and therefore of the backrest, two jacks 7b are articulated, on the one hand on the fixed slides 6 and on the other hand on the mobile slides 4 in order to allow the adjustment of the longitudinal position of the seat 3 on the floor, and two jacks 7c are articulated, on the one hand on the movable slides 4, and on the other hand on the seat 3 to allow the height adjustment of the latter .
  • the casings of the jacks 7a are articulated on the seat 3 around an axis perpendicular to the screw so as to be able to tilt around this axis to follow the angular movements of the backrest 2 on which the screw is articulated. Conversely, the latter can be articulated on the seat 3 and the housing. on file 2.
  • the casings of the jacks 7c are adapted to be articulated on the slides 4 integral with the seat 3 and which can slide in the fixed slides 6, while the screws are articulated on the seat 3, in order to allow the height of the seat 3 above the floor 35.
  • this arrangement can be reversed, the screws being articulated on the runners 4 and the housings articulated on the seat 3.
  • the housings of the jacks 7b can be secured with the fixed slides 6 and the screws secured with the seat 3, in order to allow the longitudinal adjustment of the latter.
  • the screws can be secured to the fixed slides 6, while the boxes are secured to the seat 3.
  • FIGs 25 to 27 illustrate the installation of an adjustment device 7, therefore in accordance with the embodiment of Figures 18 to 23, by a fastener 20 on a slide 26 which can slide on a slide 37 fixed to a floor, by example of a vehicle, for adjusting the longitudinal position of the seat (not shown) of the seat, the jack 7 being positioned at the front of the seat.
  • the screw 8 is shown in its maximum output position from the nut 12, itself in its maximum output position from the housing 16.
  • the end 9 of this screw is articulated on two angles 39, 41 secured to the fixed slide 37, for example by rivets 42.
  • Rolling balls 43 are conventionally interposed between the slides 36 and 37.
  • FIG. 29 illustrates the application of a device 162 according to the invention to the adjustment of the guide 164 of a table 165 of a woodworking machine, equipped for example with a circular saw 166, or a router, or a jointer, etc.
  • the adjustment of the guide 164 has been ensured by a buttonhole and tightening by nut system, which is advantageously replaced by the device 163.
  • This is of the type of FIG. 3, therefore with two screws 167, 168 and provided with a locking system 169 with manual actuation lever 170.
  • the screw 167 is articulated on a link 171 itself articulated at its opposite end on an ear 172 of the guide 164.
  • the screw 168 and a second link 173 are articulated on a second ear 174 of the guide 164, the opposite end of the link 173 being articulated around a fixed pivot 175, the pivot 176 of articulation of the screw 167 and of the link 171 also being fixed on the table 165 .
  • the articulation points 172, 174, 175 and 176 constitute the vertices of a parallelogram of which two 175 and 176 are fixed, the other two being movable when the system 169 is unlocked.
  • the locking system 169 is arranged to be able to block the rotation of the nut associated with the rods 167, 168, this nut then being suitably provided with an external thread which can come into engagement with that of the locking system 169.
  • Figure 30 shows the application of the invention to the height adjustment of the seat 177 of a stool 178, the foot of which is constituted by a disc 179 resting on the ground and a screw 180.
  • the latter made part of an adjustment device of the type of that of FIG. 2, which therefore comprises a nut 181 having a thread which cooperates with the thread 180a of the screw 180, and a thread 182 cooperating with the thread of a housing 183 carrying at its upper end the seat 177.
  • a spring 184 is housed in the housing 183, bearing on the nut 181 and exerting on the seat 177 a vertical thrust directed upwards.
  • the device is completed by a locking system 185, arranged to be able to block the nut 181 in rotation.
  • the housing 183 is unlocked relative to the nut 181 by operating the lever 186 of the locking system 185.
  • the spring 184 pushes up the seat 188 and the housing 183, which drives the nut 181 in rotation in the upward direction, since the efficiency of the system constituted by the threaded nut 181 and the threaded housing 183 is reversible.
  • the foot 179, 180 remaining fixed, the seat 177 therefore travels upwards the pitch of said seat relative to the nut 181, increased by the pitch of the latter relative to the screw 180.
  • the seat 177 moves twice as fast as the nut 181.
  • the seat 177 and the entire device are locked in the chosen position by operating the locking system 185, which stops the rotation of the nut 181.
  • the locking system 185 essentially comprises a shoe provided with a thread which cooperates with the thread 182 and can be moved away from the latter by the manual lever 186.
  • the invention allows the blocking of the part mobile in the position chosen by a relatively low effort compared to those supported by the device.

Abstract

Ce dispositif comprend au moins un couple d'éléments vis-écrou (8, 12) coopérant avec les deux pièces fixe et mobile, dont l'angle de vis est suffisamment élevé pour que le rendement de la translation vers la rotation soit légèrement positif, et qui est pourvu de moyens de verrouillage (23, 31, 29, 32) de l'élément rotatif (12) du couple après réglage de la position de la pièce mobile. Ce système permet le blocage de la pièce mobile dans la position choisie par un effort relativement faible comparativement à ceux supportés par le dispositif.This device comprises at least a pair of screw-nut elements (8, 12) cooperating with the two fixed and movable parts, the screw angle of which is sufficiently high so that the efficiency of translation towards rotation is slightly positive, and which is provided with means for locking (23, 31, 29, 32) of the rotary element (12) of the torque after adjusting the position of the moving part. This system allows the moving part to be locked in the chosen position by a relatively low force compared to those supported by the device.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif linéaire de réglage rapide et de blocage d'une pièce mobile par rapport à une pièce fixe.The present invention relates to a linear device for rapid adjustment and blocking of a moving part with respect to a fixed part.

Un tel dispositif, constituant un vérin mécanique, est susceptible de recevoir des applications extrêmement nombreuses, par exemple pour réglger le guide d'une table de machine à bois, ou encore pour le réglage des positions des éléments d'un siège, notamment dans un véhicule automobile, un bateau ou un avion.Such a device, constituting a mechanical jack, is capable of receiving extremely numerous applications, for example for adjusting the guide of a table of a woodworking machine, or also for adjusting the positions of the elements of a seat, in particular in a motor vehicle, boat or plane.

On connait par le brevet français 2 567 562 un système de réglage de siège au moyen de la combinaison d'une vis et d'une roue dentée, équipé de patins de blocage actionnés par un ressort. Cependant, un tel dispositif présente, en pratique, une tenue aux efforts insuffisante et de plus les patins se révèlent non viables, car ils nécessitent un ressort trop important. En ce qui concerne la tenue aux efforts que doit pouvoir présenter un tel système de réglage, il convient de préciser qu'il doit pouvoir résister à un choc frontal du véhicule à 60 km/h, correspondant à une décéleration de 20 G. Or, cette réalisation connue ne peut résister à un tel choc.French patent 2,567,562 discloses a seat adjustment system by means of the combination of a screw and a toothed wheel, equipped with blocking pads actuated by a spring. However, such a device has, in practice, an insufficient resistance to efforts and moreover the pads prove to be unsustainable, because they require too large a spring. As regards the resistance to forces that such an adjustment system must be able to exhibit, it should be specified that it must be able to withstand a frontal impact from the vehicle at 60 km / h, corresponding to a deceleration of 20 G. However, this known embodiment cannot withstand such a shock.

On connait également une autre réalisation comportant un axe traversant des rondelles de blocage susceptibles d'être actionnées chacune par un ressort qui les applique sur l'axe, de manière à bloquer ce dernier. Un tel dispositif est onéreux, car les rondelles doivent être constituées en des métaux nobles, plus durs que celui de l'axe. De plus, ces rondelles sont difficiles à usiner en raison des tolérances serrées qui doivent être respectées entre les diamètres des rondelles et celui de l'axe. En revanche, si ces tolérances sont effectivement respectées, ce dispositif présente l'avantage de résister à des décélérations brutales atteignant 20 G environ.Another embodiment is also known comprising an axis passing through locking washers which can each be actuated by a spring which applies them to the axis, so as to block the latter. Such a device is expensive, because the washers must be made of noble metals, harder than that of the axis. In addition, these washers are difficult to machine because of the tight tolerances which must be respected between the diameters of the washers and that of the axis. On the other hand, if these tolerances are effectively respected, this device has the advantage of withstanding sudden decelerations reaching approximately 20 G.

L'invention a donc pour but de proposer un dispositif linéaire constituant un vérin mécanique de réglage rapide d'une pièce mobile par rapport à une pièce fixe, qui puisse résister à des chocs brutaux de l'ordre de grandeur indiqué ci-dessus et qui soit en outre de fabrication relativement peu difficile et onéreuse.The object of the invention is therefore to propose a linear device constituting a mechanical jack for rapid adjustment of a moving part with respect to a fixed part, which can withstand brutal shocks of the order of magnitude indicated above and which is also relatively easy and expensive to manufacture.

Suivant l'invention, ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un couple d'éléments vis-écrou coopérant avec les deux pièces fixe et mobile, dont l'angle de la ou des vis est suffisamment élevé pour que le rendement de la translation vers la rotation soit légèrement positif, et qui est pourvu de moyens de verrouillage de l'élément rotatif de couple vis-écrou après réglage de la position de la pièce mobile.According to the invention, this device is characterized in that it comprises at least a pair of screw-nut elements cooperating with the two fixed and movable parts, the angle of the screw or screws of which is sufficiently high so that the yield of the translation towards the rotation is slightly positive, and which is provided with means for locking the rotary element of screw-nut torque after adjusting the position of the moving part.

Suivant un premier mode de réalisation, la vis est mobile en translation, fixe en rotation et solidaire de la pièce mobile, et traverse un écrou fixe en translation, guidé en rotation dans un boîtier solidaire de ladite pièce fixe et susceptible d'être muni des moyens de verrouillage de l'écrou.According to a first embodiment, the screw is movable in translation, fixed in rotation and integral with the movable part, and passes through a fixed nut in translation, guided in rotation in a housing integral with said fixed part and capable of being provided with nut locking means.

Suivant un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif comprend une vis mobile en translation et fixe en rotation, un écrou taraudé et fileté suivant deux pas contraires et une noix taraudée traversée par l'écrou, cette noix étant apte à être solidarisée avec la pièce mobile à régle r, tandis que la vis est solidaire de la pièce fixe, l'écrou étant mobile à la fois en translation et en rotation lorsqu'un effort axial est exercé sur la noix par la pièce mobile et la noix est susceptible de porter un système de verrouillage de l'écrou.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a screw movable in translation and fixed in rotation, a threaded and threaded nut in two opposite steps and a threaded nut crossed by the nut, this nut being able to be secured with the movable part with r rule, while the screw is integral with the fixed part, the nut being movable both in translation and in rotation when an axial force is exerted on the nut by the movable part and the nut is likely to wear a nut locking system.

Suivant un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif comporte un écrou dans lequel sont agencés deux taraudages de pas contraires et qui coopèrent chacun avec une vis, ces deux vis ayant des pas inverses, et l'écrou est monté rotatif dans un boîtier de support traversé par les vis, de telle sorte que, l'une des vis étant solidaire de la pièce mobile, l'ecrou soit déplaçable à la fois en rotation et en translation sous l'action de l'effort axial exercé sur la vis solidaire de la pièce mobile à régler, et le boîtier est muni de moyens de verrouillage de l'écrou.According to a third embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a nut in which are arranged two threads of opposite pitch and which each cooperate with a screw, these two screws having opposite pitch, and the nut is rotatably mounted in a support housing through which the screws pass, so that, one of the screws being integral with the moving part, the nut can be moved both in rotation and in translation under the action of the axial force exerted on the screw secured to the moving part to be adjusted, and the housing is provided with means for locking the nut.

Selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la vis porte deux filetages à pas contraires qui coopèrent chacun avec un écrou dont l'un est relié la pièce fixe et l'autre à la pièce mobile à régler, de telle sorte que l'effort exercé sur l'écrou mobile en translation à partir de la pièce mobile déplace la vis à la fois en translation et en rotation, la vis traversant un boîtier pouvant être muni des moyens de verrouillage de ladite vis.According to a fourth embodiment of the invention, the screw carries two threads with opposite pitches which each cooperate with a nut, one of which is connected to the fixed part and the other to the movable part to be adjusted, so that the 'force exerted on the movable nut in translation from the movable part moves the screw both in translation and in rotation, the screw passing through a housing which can be provided with means for locking said screw.

A titre d'exemple parmi les nombreuses applications possibles du dispositif linéaire de réglage selon l'invention, un siège de véhicule peut être équipé, pour le réglage de l'inclinaison de son dossier par rapport à son assise, de deux dispositifs linéaires selon l'invention, articulés d'une part sur les extrémités inférieures de l'ossature de dossier et sur l'assise d'autre part. Pour le réglage en hauteur de l'assise, deux dispositifs de réglage sont articulés d'une part sur l'assise et d'autre part sur des glissières mobiles solidaires de l'assise, coulissant dans des glissières fixées au plancher. Pour le ré glage longitudinal de l'assise, deux dispositifs selon l'invention sont articulés, d'une part sur les deux glissières fixes, et d'autre part sur des biellettes liées à l'assise.By way of example, among the many possible applications of the linear adjustment device according to the invention, a vehicle seat can be equipped, for adjusting the inclination of its backrest relative to its seat, with two linear devices according to the invention. invention, articulated on the one hand on the lower ends of the back frame and on the seat on the other hand. For the height adjustment of the seat, two adjustment devices are articulated on the one hand on the seat and on the other hand on movable slides integral with the seat, sliding in slides fixed to the floor. For the re longitudinal sliding of the seat, two devices according to the invention are articulated, on the one hand on the two fixed runners, and on the other hand on rods linked to the seat.

Le calcul et les essais effectués ont montré que, après le choix d'un angle de vis convenable (c'est-à-dire de l'angle d'inclinaison des filets de la vis sur une perpendiculaire à l'axe de la vis), une force de poussée axiale brutalement appliquée sur le couple vis-écrou se traduit, au niveau des organes de verrouillage, par un effort radial pouvant être réduit à 10% environ de la poussée axiale subie. Dans ces conditions, les efforts radiaux effectivement transmis permettent au vérin mécanique selon l'invention de résister à un choc frontal de l'ordre de grandeur indiqué ci-dessus.The calculation and the tests carried out have shown that, after choosing a suitable screw angle (that is to say the angle of inclination of the threads of the screw on a perpendicular to the axis of the screw ), an axial thrust force brutally applied to the screw-nut couple results, at the level of the locking members, by a radial force which can be reduced to approximately 10% of the axial thrust undergone. Under these conditions, the radial forces actually transmitted allow the mechanical jack according to the invention to withstand a frontal impact of the order of magnitude indicated above.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaitront au cours de la description qui va suivre, faite en référence aux dessins annexés qui en illustrent à titre d'exemples non limitatifs plusieurs formes de réalisation :

  • - les Figures 1 à 4 sont des vues simplifiées mi-coupe axiale, mi-élévation de quatre formes de réalisation du dispositif linéaire de réglage conforme à l'invention;
  • - la Figure 5 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un dispositif du type de celui de la Figure 1, équipé d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un système de verrouillage;
  • - les Figures 6 et 7 sont des vues respectivement de dessus et en élévation latérale du dispositif de la Figure 5;
  • - la Figure 8 est une vue en coupe transversale suivant 8-8 de la Figure 5;
  • - la Figure 9 est une vue en plan partielle à échelle agrandie d'un détail du système de verrouillage du dispositif des Figures 5 à 9;
  • - la Figure 10 est une vue en coupe et élévation partielles suivant 10-10 de la Figure d'un dispositif de réglage rapide du type de celui de la Figure 1, équipé d'un second mode de réalisation du système de verrouillage;
  • - la Figure 11 est une vue en plan et en coupe partielle suivant 11-11 de la Figure 10;
  • - la Figure 12 est une vue en coupe transversale suivant 12-12 de la Figure 14 d'un dispositif de réglage du type de celui de la Figure 1, équipé d'un autre système de verrouillage;
  • - la Figure 13 est une vue mi-coupe axiale, mi-élévation avec arrachement du dispositif de la Figure 12;
  • - la Figure 14 est une vue en élévation longitudinale avec arrachement partiel du dispositif des Figures 12 et 13 et de son système de verrouillage;
  • - la Figure 15 est une vue en élévation longitudinale et coupe partielle d'un autre système de verrouillage du dispositif de réglage selon l'invention;
  • - la Figure 16 est une vue en coupe transversale suivant 16-16 de la Figure 15;
  • - la Figure 17 est une vue en coupe transversale suivant 17-17 de la Figure 15;
  • - la Figure 18 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un mode de réalisation du type de celui de la Figure 2, du dispositif de réglage rapide selon l'invention, équipé d'un autre système de verrouillage;
  • - la Figure 19 est une vue en coupe longitudinale suivant 19-19 de la Figure 18;
  • - la Figure 20 est une vue en élévation en bout du dispositif selon l'invention suivant la direction de la flèche F de la Figure 18;
  • - la Figure 21 est une vue en coupe transversale suivant 21-21 de la Figure 18;
  • - la Figure 22 est une vue en perspective d'une portion de cylindre verrouilleur, permettant le blocage en rotation de la noix du dispositif de réglage des Figures 18 à 21;
  • - la Figure 23 est une vue en coupe transversale suivant 23-23 de la Figure 18;
  • - la Figure 24 est une vue en perspective simplifiée de l'ossature d'une siège de véhicule équipé de plusieurs dispositifs linéaires de réglage selon l'invention;
  • - les Figures 25 et 26 sont des vues respectivement de dessus en plan et en élévation longitudinale illustrant l'implantation du dispositif de réglage des Figures 18 à 24 sur un siège de véhicule pour le réglage longitudinale de l'assise de ce siège;
  • - la Figure 27 est une vue en élévation en bout, avec coupe partielle, du dispositif des Figures 25 et 26;
  • - la Figure 28 est une vue de dessus en plan d'une table de machine à bois équipée, pour le réglage de son guide, d'un dispositif selon l'invention;
  • - la Figure 29 est une vue en coupe axiale verticale d'un tabouret réglable en hauteur au moyen d'un dispositif de réglage selon l'invention.
Other particularities and advantages of the invention will appear during the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings which illustrate by way of nonlimiting examples several embodiments:
  • - Figures 1 to 4 are simplified views half axial section, half elevation of four embodiments of the linear adjustment device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 5 is an axial sectional view of a device of the type of that of Figure 1, equipped with a first embodiment of a locking system;
  • - Figures 6 and 7 are views respectively from above and in side elevation of the device of Figure 5;
  • - Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view along 8-8 of Figure 5;
  • - Figure 9 is a partial plan view on an enlarged scale of a detail of the locking system of the device of Figures 5 to 9;
  • - Figure 10 is a partial sectional elevation view along 10-10 of the Figure of a quick adjustment device of the type of that of Figure 1, equipped with a second embodiment of the locking system;
  • - Figure 11 is a plan view and in partial section along 11-11 of Figure 10;
  • - Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view along 12-12 of Figure 14 of an adjustment device of the type of that of Figure 1, equipped with another locking system;
  • - Figure 13 is a half axial section view, half elevation with cutaway of the device of Figure 12;
  • - Figure 14 is a longitudinal elevational view with partial cutaway of the device of Figures 12 and 13 and its locking system;
  • - Figure 15 is a longitudinal elevational view in partial section of another locking system of the adjustment device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view along 16-16 of Figure 15;
  • - Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view along 17-17 of Figure 15;
  • - Figure 18 is an axial sectional view of an embodiment of the type of that of Figure 2, of the quick adjustment device according to the invention, equipped with another locking system;
  • - Figure 19 is a longitudinal sectional view along 19-19 of Figure 18;
  • - Figure 20 is an end elevational view of the device according to the invention in the direction of arrow F in Figure 18;
  • - Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view along 21-21 of Figure 18;
  • - Figure 22 is a perspective view of a locking cylinder portion, allowing the locking of the nut in rotation of the adjustment device of Figures 18 to 21;
  • - Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view along 23-23 of Figure 18;
  • - Figure 24 is a simplified perspective view of the frame of a vehicle seat equipped with several linear adjustment devices according to the invention;
  • - Figures 25 and 26 are views respectively from above in plan and in longitudinal elevation illustrating the installation of the adjustment device of Figures 18 to 24 on a vehicle seat for the longitudinal adjustment of the seat of this seat;
  • - Figure 27 is an end elevational view, partly in section, of the device of Figures 25 and 26;
  • - Figure 28 is a top plan view of a woodworking machine table equipped, for adjusting its guide, with a device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 29 is a vertical axial sectional view of a stool adjustable in height by means of an adjustment device according to the invention.

On a représenté à la Figure 1 un premier mode de réalisation du dispositif linéaire de réglage rapide selon l'invention, d'une pièce mobile par rapport à une pièce fixe non représentées. Ce dispositif comprend une vis 48 qui traverse un écrou 45 disposé dans un logement intérieur d'un boîtier 46 avec interposition de chemins de billes 47 de roulement.There is shown in Figure 1 a first embodiment of the linear quick adjustment device according to the invention, of a movable part relative to a fixed part not shown. This device comprises a screw 48 which passes through a nut 45 arranged in an interior housing of a housing 46 with interposition of ball raceways 47.

Le perçage de l'écrou 45 est pourvu d'un taraudage en prise avec le filetage 48a de la vis 48 et l'écrou 45, et bloqué en translation axiale à l'intérieur du boîtier 46. Il est donc mobile uniquement en rotation autour de l'axe X-Xʹ de la vis 48, laquelle est mobile en translation et fixe en rotation. La vis 48 comporte un oeillet terminal 48b permettant de la solidariser avec la pièce mobile à régler, tandis que le boîtier 46 est solidaire de la pièce fixe. L'angle de la vis 48, c'est-à-dire l'angle d'inclinaison de ses filets sur une perpendiculaire à l'axe X-Xʹ (également appelé angle d'hélice ou angle de filet) est choisi de manière à être suffisamment élevé pour que le rendement de la translation de la vis 48 vers la rotation de l'écrou 45 soit légèrement positif. Le dispositif peut être muni d'un système de verrouilage non représenté, permettant de bloquer l'écrou 45 en rotation et par conséquent la vis ʹ8 en translation, lorsque celle-ci est dans la position correspondant au réglage voulu pour la pièce mobile. Une poussée axiale sur la vis 48 dans l'un ou l'autre sens se traduit, dans ce dispositif, uniquement par une rotation de l'écrou 45 dans son boîtier 46.The bore of the nut 45 is provided with a tapping engaged with the thread 48a of the screw 48 and the nut 45, and locked in axial translation inside the housing 46. It is therefore movable only in rotation around of the axis X-Xʹ of the screw 48, which is movable in translation and fixed in rotation. The screw 48 comprises an end eyelet 48b making it possible to secure it with the movable part to be adjusted, while the housing 46 is integral with the fixed part. The angle of the screw 48, that is to say the angle of inclination of its threads on a perpendicular to the axis X-Xʹ (also called helix angle or thread angle) is chosen so to be high enough for the efficiency of the translation of the screw 48 towards the rotation of the nut 45 to be slightly positive. The device can be provided with a locking system, not shown, making it possible to block the nut 45 in rotation and consequently the screw ʹ8 in translation, when the latter is in the position corresponding to the desired setting for the moving part. An axial thrust on the screw 48 in one or the other direction results, in this device, only by a rotation of the nut 45 in its housing 46.

Dans le second mode de réalisation du dispositif illustré à la Figure 2, le dispositif 49 comprend une vis 52 mobile en translation et fixe en rotation, un écrou 51 présentant un taraudage coopérant avec le filetage de la vis ainsi qu'un filetage extérieur 53 dont le pas est contraire à celui du taraudage intérieur traversé par la vis 52. L'écrou 51 traverse une noix 54 pourvue d'un taraudage 50 et apte à être solidarisée avec la pièce fixe (non représen tée) à régler, tandis que la vis 52 est solidaire de la pièce mobile. Ainsi l'écrou 51 est mobile à la fois en translation et en rotation lorsqu'un effort axial H est exercé sur la vis 52 par la pièce mobile. La noix 54 est susceptible de porter un système de verrouillage ( non représenté) de l'écrou 51. Comme dans la réalisation précédente, l'angle de la vis 52 est choisi de manière à être suffisamment élevé pour que le rendement de la translation vers la rotation soit légèrement positif.In the second embodiment of the device illustrated in Figure 2, the device 49 comprises a screw 52 movable in translation and fixed in rotation, a nut 51 having a thread cooperating with the thread of the screw as well as an external thread 53 whose the pitch is opposite to that of the internal thread traversed by the screw 52. The nut 51 passes through a nut 54 provided with a thread 50 and capable of being secured to the fixed part (not shown t) to be adjusted, while the screw 52 is secured to the moving part. Thus the nut 51 is movable both in translation and in rotation when an axial force H is exerted on the screw 52 by the movable part. The nut 54 is capable of carrying a locking system (not shown) of the nut 51. As in the previous embodiment, the angle of the screw 52 is chosen so as to be high enough for the efficiency of the translation towards the rotation is slightly positive.

La Figure 3 illustre un troisième mode de réalisation du dispositif de réglage, dans lequel celui-ci comporte en écrou 57 présentant un logement intérieur 58 et dans les extrémités duquel sont agencés deux taraudages de pas contraires qui coopèrent chacun avec une vis 56a, 56b, ces deux vis ayant des pas inverses. L'écrou 57 est monté rotatif dans un boîtier 59 de support également traversé par le vis 56a, 56b. L'angle de celles-ci étant choisi pour que le rendement de la translation vers la rotation soit légèrement positif, et l'une des vis 56a, 56b étant solidaire de la pièce mobile (non représentée) à régler, tandis que l'autre vis est solidaire de la pièce fixe, l'écrou 57 est déplaçable à la fois en rotation et en translation sous l'action d'un effort axial tel que Y, exercé sur la vis solidaire de la pièce mobile. Bient entendu, le boîtier 59 accompagne le mouvement en translation de l'écrou 57. Le boîtier 59 peut être muni de moyens de verrouillage (non représentés) de l'écrou 57, et par conséquent de blocage de la vis reliée à la pièce mobile.FIG. 3 illustrates a third embodiment of the adjustment device, in which the latter comprises a nut 57 having an interior housing 58 and in the ends of which are tapped two threads of opposite pitch which each cooperate with a screw 56a, 56b, these two screws having reverse pitch. The nut 57 is rotatably mounted in a support housing 59 also crossed by the screw 56a, 56b. The angle of these being chosen so that the efficiency of translation towards rotation is slightly positive, and one of the screws 56a, 56b being secured to the moving part (not shown) to be adjusted, while the other screw is secured to the fixed part, the nut 57 is movable both in rotation and in translation under the action of an axial force such as Y, exerted on the screw secured to the moving part. Obviously, the housing 59 accompanies the translational movement of the nut 57. The housing 59 may be provided with means for locking (not shown) the nut 57, and consequently for blocking the screw connected to the moving part. .

Dans le quatrième mode de réalisation illustré à la Figure 4, le dispositif de réglage comprend une vis 150 portant deux filetages 150a, 150b à pas contraires qui coopèrent chacun avec un écrou 151, 152 dont l'un est relié à la pièce fixe et l'autre à la pièce mobile à régler, par des oeillets respectifs 153, 154. La vis 150 traverse un boîtier 155 pouvant être muni de moyens de verrouillage de la vis 150. Un effort exercé parallèlement à l'axe de la vis 150 sur l'écrou (153 ou 154) mobile en translation, à partir de la pièce mobile, déplace la vis 150 à la fois en translation et en rotation.In the fourth embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, the adjustment device comprises a screw 150 carrying two threads 150a, 150b with pitch opposites which each cooperate with a nut 151, 152 one of which is connected to the fixed part and the other to the movable part to be adjusted, by respective eyelets 153, 154. The screw 150 passes through a housing 155 which can be provided with screw locking means 150. A force exerted parallel to the axis of the screw 150 on the nut (153 or 154) movable in translation, from the movable part, moves the screw 150 both in translation and in rotation.

Dans le réalisation illustrée aux Figures 5 à 9, le dispositif de réglage ou vérin mécanique 62 est du type de celui de la Figure 1 et comprend une vis 63 dont l'extrémité 63a est adaptée pour être articulée sur une pièce à régler, mobile par rapport au support fixe 64 du dispositif 62. La vis 63 traverse de part en part un boîtier 65 articulé par un pivot 66 sur le support 64. Le pivot 66 est perpendiculaire à l'axe de la vis 63, afin de permettre le pivotement de l'ensemble du dispositif 62 autour du pivot 66 pour accompagner les déplacements de la pièce à régler.In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 5 to 9, the adjustment device or mechanical jack 62 is of the type of that of Figure 1 and comprises a screw 63 whose end 63a is adapted to be articulated on a part to be adjusted, movable by relative to the fixed support 64 of the device 62. The screw 63 passes right through a housing 65 articulated by a pivot 66 on the support 64. The pivot 66 is perpendicular to the axis of the screw 63, in order to allow the pivoting of the entire device 62 around the pivot 66 to accompany the movements of the part to be adjusted.

La vis 63 traverse également axialement un écrou 67 logé dans le boîtier 65 et fixe en translation, guidé en rotation par des billes 58 de roulement maintenues par une douille 69. L'écrou 67 est maintenu bloqué en rotation, lorsque le dispositif est au repos, par un élément verrouilleur 71 traversé axialement par la vis 63 et portant des dents ou crabots radiaux 72 susceptibles de venir en prise avec des carbots correspondants 73 de l'écrou 67, sous la poussée d'un ressort 74 disposé dans le boîtier 65 coaxialement à la vis 63 et prenant appui sur le fond de ce boîtier. Le déverrouillage de l'écrou 67 peut être obtenu par un levier 75 articulé sur le boîtier 65 autour d'un axe transversal de celui-ci, et qui est muni d'oreilles latér ales 76 pouvant entraîner en translation axiale deux ergots 77 solidaires du verrouilleur 71 et faisant saillie latéralement à travers la paroi du boîtier 65 dans des boutonnières correspondantes 78.The screw 63 also passes axially through a nut 67 housed in the housing 65 and fixed in translation, guided in rotation by rolling balls 58 held by a socket 69. The nut 67 is kept locked in rotation when the device is at rest , by a locking element 71 axially traversed by the screw 63 and carrying teeth or radial dogs 72 capable of coming into engagement with corresponding carbs 73 of the nut 67, under the thrust of a spring 74 disposed in the housing 65 coaxially with screw 63 and bearing on the bottom of this case. The unlocking of the nut 67 can be obtained by a lever 75 articulated on the housing 65 around a transverse axis thereof, and which is provided with lateral ears 76 which can drive in axial translation two pins 77 integral with the latch 71 and projecting laterally through the wall of the housing 65 in corresponding buttonholes 78 .

Ainsi, lorsqu'on fait basculer le levier 75 dans le sens de la flèche K (Figure 18), les oreilles 76 font coulisser les ergots 77 et le verrouilleur 71, autour de la vis 63 dans le sens qui écarte le verrouilleur 71 de l'écrou 67, ce qui dégage les crabots 72 des crabots 73 et rend l'écrou 67 libre en rotation.Thus, when the lever 75 is tilted in the direction of the arrow K (Figure 18), the ears 76 slide the lugs 77 and the latch 71, around the screw 63 in the direction which separates the latch 71 from the 'nut 67, which releases the dogs 72 from the dogs 73 and makes the nut 67 free to rotate.

on remarque (Figure 9) que les dents ou crabots 72, 73 présentent des extrémités pointues 72a, 73a complémentaires, prolongées latéralement par des plats 72b, 73b permettant d'empêcher un décrabotage naturel éventuel.we note (Figure 9) that the teeth or dogs 72, 73 have pointed ends 72a, 73a complementary, extended laterally by dishes 72b, 73b to prevent possible natural clutching.

Le déverrouillage de l'écrou 67 par manoeuvure du levier 75 s'effectue contre la force de rappel du ressort 74, qui replace automatiquement le verrouilleur 71 en prise avec l'écrou 67 et le bloque en rotation dès que le levier 75 est relâché.The unlocking of the nut 67 by maneuvering the lever 75 takes place against the return force of the spring 74, which automatically returns the locker 71 in engagement with the nut 67 and blocks it in rotation as soon as the lever 75 is released.

La forme de réalisation des Figures 10 et 11 montre un dispositif de réglage du type de celui de la Figure 1, équipé de moyens de déverrouillage en rotation de l'écrou 79, traversé par une vis 81. Ces moyens comprennent, disposées de manière diamètralement opposée, de part et d'autre de l'écrou 79 entre celui-ci et les parois longitudinales d'un boîtier 82, deux paires de rouleaux parallèles 83, 84, élastiquement sollicités en appui sur l'écrou 79 par des ressorts à lames 85 prenant appui sur la paroi du boîtier 82, de façon à bloquer l'écrou 79 en rotation.The embodiment of Figures 10 and 11 shows an adjustment device of the type of that of Figure 1, equipped with means for unlocking the nut 79 in rotation, crossed by a screw 81. These means comprise, arranged diametrically opposite, on either side of the nut 79 between the latter and the longitudinal walls of a housing 82, two pairs of parallel rollers 83, 84, elastically urged to bear against the nut 79 by leaf springs 85 bearing on the wall of the housing 82, so as to block the nut 79 in rotation.

Le dispositif comprend également des coins 86 engagés entre les extrémités opposées des rouleaux 83, 84, ainsi que des moyens pour faire avancer les coins 85 entre les rouleaux de manière à les écarter et à débloquer ainsi l'écrou 79, ou pour escamoter ces coins 86 afin de verrouiller l'écrou 79. Dans l'exemple illustré aux Figures 10 et 11, ces moyens comprennent une pince 87 formée par deux mâchoires 88, 89, la mâchoire 88 étant en L et la mâchoire 89 étant articulée sur une extrémité de la mâchoire 88. Chaque extrémité des mâchoires 88, 89 porte un coin 86, et la mâchoire 89 est de plus articulée en 91 sur un élément 92 fixé extérieurement au boîtier 82, par exemple par soudure.The device also comprises corners 86 engaged between the opposite ends of the rollers 83, 84, as well as means for advancing the corners 85 between the rollers so as to spread them apart and thus unlock the nut 79, or to retract these corners 86 in order to lock the nut 79. In the example illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11, these means comprise a clamp 87 formed by two jaws 88, 89, the jaw 88 being in L and the jaw 89 being articulated on one end of the jaw 88. Each end of the jaws 88, 89 carries a wedge 86, and the jaw 89 is further articulated at 91 on an element 92 fixed externally to the housing 82, for example by welding.

Lorsque ce système de verrouillage est au repos, comme représenté à la Figure 11, les ressorts 85 appliquent les rouleaux 83, 84 sur l'écrou 79 bloqué en rotation. Si maintenant on exerce sur la mâchoire 88 un effort T parallèle à l'axe de la vis 81, l'ensemble de la mâchoire 88 se déplace dans le sens de l'effort T parallèlement à la vis 81, de sorte que le coin 86 de la mâchoire 88 s'enfonce entre les rouleaux 83. En même temps, la mâchoire 89 bascule autour de son articulation fixe 91, de sorte que le coin associé 86 pénètre également entre les rouleaux 83, 84. Ces derniers sont écartés de l'écrou 79 à l'encontre de la force de rappel des ressorts 85, et l'écrou 79 est libéré en rotation.When this locking system is at rest, as shown in Figure 11, the springs 85 apply the rollers 83, 84 to the nut 79 locked in rotation. If now there is exerted on the jaw 88 a force T parallel to the axis of the screw 81, the whole of the jaw 88 moves in the direction of the force T parallel to the screw 81, so that the wedge 86 of the jaw 88 sinks between the rollers 83. At the same time, the jaw 89 rocks around its fixed articulation 91, so that the associated corner 86 also penetrates between the rollers 83, 84. The latter are spaced from the nut 79 against the restoring force of the springs 85, and the nut 79 is released in rotation.

Le dispositif de commande du déverrouillage de l'écrou 79 du vérin mécanique également du type de celui de la Figure 1, représenté aux Figures 12 à 14, comprend une paire de mâchoires 95 respectivement solidaires d'un profilé 96 et pouvant s'écarter de l'écrou 79 en glissant sur des guides 97 intérieurs du boîtier 98. Les mâchoires 95 présentent une courbure égale à celle de l'écrou cylindrique 79 afin de pouvoir s'appliquer sur celui-ci, sous l'action d'un ressort 99, et sont susceptibles d'être écartées de l'ecrou 79 par la rotation d'un levier 101 dont une extrémité coudée 102 est engagée rotativement dans une excroissance 103 de la paroi du boîtier 98. L'extrémité 102 porte deux doigts 104 en contact chacun avec une plaque 105 solidaire d'une extrémité du profilé correspondant 96. Chaque plaque 105 présente un bord 105a incliné sur l'axe de la vis 81 et en contact avec le doigt correspondant 104. Au repos, le ressort 99 maintient les mâchoires 95 appliquées sur la surface de l'écrou 79, qui est ainsi verrouillé en rotat ion. Lorsqu'on abaisse le levier 101, les doigts 104 exercent sur les plaques respectives 105 des forces de sens opposés, qui écartent l'une de l'autre les mâchoires 95, l'écrou 79 étant ainsi déverrouillé en rotation.The device for controlling the unlocking of the nut 79 of the mechanical jack, also of the type of that of FIG. 1, shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, comprises a pair of jaws 95 respectively secured to a profile 96 and able to deviate from the nut 79 by sliding on the interior guides 97 of the housing 98. The jaws 95 have a curvature equal to that of the cylindrical nut 79 in order to be able to be applied thereto, under the action of a spring 99, and are capable of being moved away from the nut 79 by the rotation of a lever 101, one bent end 102 of which is rotatably engaged in a protrusion 103 of the wall of the housing 98. The end 102 carries two fingers 104 each in contact with a plate 105 secured to one end of the profile corresponding 96. Each plate 105 has an edge 105a inclined on the axis of the screw 81 and in contact with the corresponding finger 104. At rest, the spring 99 keeps the jaws 95 applied to the surface of the nut 79, which is thus locked in rotation. When the lever 101 is lowered, the fingers 104 exert on the respective plates 105 forces of opposite directions, which separate the jaws 95 from one another, the nut 79 thus being unlocked in rotation.

Les figures 15 à 17 représentent un autre mode de réalisation du dispositif de réglage selon l'invention, une moitié seulement de celui-ci étant visible à la Figure 15 et la seconde moitié étant symétrique de la première par rapport à un plan transversal médian. Ce dispositif est du type de celui de la Figure 3 et comprend un écrou 112 traversé par une vis 113 et logé dans un boîtier 114, cet écrou étant guidé en rotation par des chemins de billes 115. L'extrémité 116 de l'écrou 112 fait saillie axialement à l'extérieur du boîtier 114 et comporte deux secteurs cylindriques identiques 117, qui s'étendent axialement entre l'extrémité du boîtier 114 et la partie terminale 116. Sur son côté tourné vers le boîtier 114, cette dernière est munie d'une denture 118 dans laquelle peut venir en prise une denture complémentaire 119 d'un crabot 121 constitué de deux secteurs 122 complémentaires des secteurs 117 entre lesquels ils peuvent coulisser.Figures 15 to 17 show another embodiment of the adjustment device according to the invention, only half of it being visible in Figure 15 and the second half being symmetrical with the first with respect to a median transverse plane. This device is of the type of that of FIG. 3 and comprises a nut 112 crossed by a screw 113 and housed in a housing 114, this nut being guided in rotation by tracks of balls 115. The end 116 of the nut 112 protrudes axially outside the housing 114 and comprises two identical cylindrical sectors 117, which extend axially between the end of the housing 114 and the end portion 116. On its side facing the housing 114, the latter is provided with '' a toothing 118 in which can engage a complementary toothing 119 of a dog clutch 121 consisting of two sectors 122 complementary to the sectors 117 between which they can slide.

Le crabot 121 est soumis à l'action d'un organe élastique 120, qui prent appui sur l'extrémité du boîtier 114 et pousse le crabot 121 axialement en engagement de denture avec la denture 118, ce qui maintient normalement celle-ci verrouillée en rotation.The dog 121 is subjected to the action of an elastic member 120, which bear on the end of the housing 114 and pushes the dog 121 axially in gear engagement with the teeth 118, which normally keeps the latter locked in place. rotation.

Le dispositif de commande du déverrouillage de l'écrou 112 comprend, pour chacune des deux vis 113, une pièce 127, constituée par exemple d'une tôle emboutie, qui enveloppe partiellement le boîtier 114. Chaque pièce 127 est munie, à son extrémité située en regard du crabot 121, de deux ailes latérales 128 présentant chacune un bord 128a incliné sur un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de la vis 113 et en contact avec un doigt latéral 129 saillant latéralement du crabot 121. A son extrémité opposée aux ailes 128, la tôle 127 est munie de deux extensions latérales 131 appliquées contre le boîtier 114 et permettant la préhension manuelle de la tôle 127 pour la faire pivoter autour du boîtier 114.The device for controlling the unlocking of the nut 112 comprises, for each of the two screws 113, a part 127, consisting for example of a stamped sheet metal, which partially envelops the housing 114. Each part 127 is provided, at its end situated opposite the dog 121, two lateral wings 128 each having an edge 128a inclined on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the screw 113 and in contact with a lateral finger 129 projecting laterally from the dog 121. At its end opposite to the wings 128 , the sheet 127 is provided with two lateral extensions 131 applied against the housing 114 and allowing manual gripping of the sheet 127 to pivot it around the housing 114.

L'organe élastique 120 tendant à maintenir le crabot 121 en prise avec les dents 119, une rotation de la tôle 127 dans le sens de la flèche portée sur la Figure 28, grâce aux extensions 131, fait tour]ner les ailes 128, de telle sorte que leurs bords 128a exercent sur les doigts 129 une force qui provoque le retrait axial du crabot 121 contre la sollicitation du ressort de rappel 120, ce qui déverrouille l'écrou 112. Inversement, lorsque l'organe de commande 127 est relâché, la pression du ressort 120 sur le crabot 121 provoque, par l'intermédiaire des doigts 129, le retour de la tôle 127 à sa position initiale et la verrouillage de l'écrou 112.The elastic member 120 tending to keep the dog 121 in engagement with the teeth 119, a rotation of the sheet 127 in the direction of the arrow carried in FIG. 28, by virtue of the extensions 131, turns the wings 128, so that their edges 128a exert on the fingers 129 a force which causes the axial withdrawal of the dog clutch 121 against the stress of the return spring 120, which unlocks the nut 112. Conversely, when the control member 127 is released, the pressure of the spring 120 on the dog clutch 121 causes, by means of the fingers 129, the return of the sheet 127 to its initial position and the locking of the nut 112.

Description du mode de réalisation des Figures 18 à 23Description of the embodiment of Figures 18 to 23

Le vérin mécanique 7 comprend une vis 8 dont une extrémité 9 est percée d'une boutonnière 11, de manière à pouvoir être articulée sur la pièce mobile à régler, ou sur la pièce fixe, et un écrou 12 percé d'un logement axial 13 présentant un taraudage 14 adapté pour coopérer avec le filetage 15 de la vis 8. L'écrou 12 est lui-même logé dans un boîtier ou corps 16 rendu solidaire de l'une des deux pièces fixe et mobile par une oreille terminale 17 percée d'une boutonnière 18.The mechanical jack 7 comprises a screw 8, one end 9 of which is pierced with a buttonhole 11, so that it can be articulated on the movable part to be adjusted, or on the fixed part, and a nut 12 pierced with an axial housing 13 having a thread 14 adapted to cooperate with the thread 15 of the screw 8. The nut 12 is itself housed in a housing or body 16 made integral with one of the two fixed and movable parts by a terminal lug 17 pierced with 'a buttonhole 18.

Dans le boîtier 16 est ménagé un logement axial 19 recevant l'écrou 12, et la paroi du logement 19 présente un filetage 21 adapté pour coopérer avec des filets 22 complémentaires de l'écrou 12 formés extérieurement à celui-ci, de manière à permettre à l'écrou 12 de tourner à l'intérieur du boîtier 16 autour de l'axe générale X-X du vérin mécanique 7, dans des conditions qui seront précisées ci-après. Dans l'exemple décrit, les filets 22 sont au nombre de trois.In the housing 16 is provided an axial housing 19 receiving the nut 12, and the wall of the housing 19 has a thread 21 adapted to cooperate with threads 22 complementary to the nut 12 formed outside thereof, so as to allow the nut 12 to rotate inside the housing 16 around the general axis XX of the mechanical actuator 7, under conditions which will be specified below. In the example described, the threads 22 are three in number.

D'autre part, le dispositif 7 est équipé de moyens de verrouillage et de déverrouillage de l'écrou 12, permettant de bloquer celui-ci en rotation ainsi que la vis 8 en translation, ou au contraire de libérer l'écrou 12 en rotation et ainsi permettre un déplacement en translation axiale de la vis 8 à l'intérieur de l'écrou 12. En effet, la vis 8 étant articulée par son extrémité 9 sur une pièce mobile ou fixe, ne peut tourner autour de son axe X-X, de sorte que, lorsque cette vis 8 est soumise à une poussée axiale F, elle ne peut se déplacer en translation axiale dans l'écrou 12 que si ce dernier est libre en rotation.On the other hand, the device 7 is equipped with means for locking and unlocking the nut 12, making it possible to block the latter in rotation as well as the screw 8 in translation, or on the contrary to release the nut 12 in rotation and thus allow a displacement in axial translation of the screw 8 inside the nut 12. In fact, the screw 8 being articulated by its end 9 on a movable or fixed part, cannot rotate around its axis XX, so that when this screw 8 is subjected to an axial thrust F, it can only move in axial translation in the nut 12 only if the latter is free to rotate.

Dans l'exemple décrit, ces moyens de verrouillage de l'écrou 12 comprennent : une portion de cylindre verrouilleur 23 pourvue de filets intérieurs 24, 25, 26 conjugués des filets 22 de l'écrou 12 (donc également au nombre de 3 dans cet exemple), et dans ces deux séries de filets 22-26 sont réalisées des cannelures respectives 22a; 24a, 25a, 26a complémentaires, parallèles à l'axe X-X. Le cylindre verrouilleur 23 est logé dans un compartiment longitudinal 27 du boîtier 16, s'étendant parallèlement au logement 19. D'autre part, le filetage intérieur 21 est interrompu sur un secteur angulaire égal à celui occupé par la portion de cylindre verrouilleur 23, comme on le voit à la Figure 23. De ce fait, si le cylindre verrouilleur 23 se trouve dans une position axiale telle que ses filets 24-26 sont dans le prolongement radial des filets du filetage 21, les filets 24-26 forment avec ceux-ci un filetage unique. Ceci autorise donc la rotation de l'écrou 12 ainsi que son déplacement axial dans le boîtier 16 par coopération de ses filets 22 avec le filetage 21 mis en phase avec les filets 24-26.In the example described, these means for locking the nut 12 comprise: a portion of the locking cylinder 23 provided with internal threads 24, 25, 26 combined with the threads 22 of the nut 12 (therefore also 3 in this example), and in these two series of threads 22-26 are made respective grooves 22a; 24a, 25a, 26a complementary, parallel to the X-X axis. The locking cylinder 23 is housed in a longitudinal compartment 27 of the housing 16, extending parallel to the housing 19. On the other hand, the internal thread 21 is interrupted over an angular sector equal to that occupied by the locking cylinder portion 23, as seen in Figure 23. Therefore, if the locking cylinder 23 is in an axial position such that its threads 24-26 are in the radial extension of the threads of the thread 21, the threads 24-26 form with those -this a single thread. This therefore allows the rotation of the nut 12 as well as its axial displacement in the housing 16 by cooperation of its threads 22 with the thread 21 put in phase with the threads 24-26.

Le verrouilleur 23 est sollicité par un organe élastique 28, constitué par un ressort hélicoîdal coaxial à un câble 29 dont une extrémité est rendue solidaire du verrouilleur 23 par un arrêt 31 disposé dans un évidement correspondant du verrouilleur 23. Le câble 29 s'étend ainsi dans le compartiment 27 et traverse le corps 16 à l'extérieur duquel il est enveloppé dans une graine 32. Le câble 29 est muni à son extrémité opposée à l'arrêt 31 d'un élément de commande (non représenté), par exemple une poignée manuelle. Le ressort 28 prend appui sur un fond du compartiment 27 et exerce sur une extrémité du verrouilleur 23 une poussée sensiblement parallèle à l'axe X-X, qui tend à maintenir le verrouilleur 23 en butée axiale contre un moyen de retenue tel qu'un jonc 33 partiellement logé dans une gorge correspondante de la périphérie du boîtier 16.The locker 23 is biased by an elastic member 28, constituted by a helical spring coaxial with a cable 29, one end of which is secured to the locker 23 by a stop 31 disposed in a corresponding recess in the locker 23. The cable 29 thus extends in the compartment 27 and passes through the body 16 outside of which it is wrapped in a seed 32. The cable 29 is provided with its end opposite to the stop 31 of a control element (not shown), for example a manual handle. The spring 28 is supported on a bottom of the compartment 27 and exerts on one end of the locker 23 a thrust substantially parallel to the axis XX, which tends to keep the locker 23 in axial abutment against a retaining means such as a rod 33 partially housed in a corresponding groove on the periphery of the housing 16.

Le logement 27 est dimensionné de manière à autoriser des déplacements axiaux alternés du verrouilleur 23 et à guider par ses parois ces déplacements (Figure 19).The housing 27 is dimensioned so as to allow alternating axial displacements of the locker 23 and to guide these displacements by its walls (FIG. 19).

Le fonctionnement du dispositif de réglage 7 est le suivant :The operation of the adjustment device 7 is as follows:

La vis 8 étant articulée par son extrémité 9 sur une pièce mobile à régler et le boîtier 16 étant articulé par son extrémité 17 sur une pièce fixe par rapport à la pièce mobile (ou inversement), et le vérin 7 étant au repos, la poussée du ressort 28 sur le verrouilleur 23 maintient celui-ci en butée contre le jonc 33, dans une position axiale ou ses filets 24-26 sont décalés par rapport au filetage 21, d'1/6 du pas total des filets de ce filetage. De ce fait, les filets 24-26 sont en prise avec les filets 22 par emboîtement de leurs cannelures complémentaires 22a et 24a-26a respectives. Ainsi, l'écrou 12 est verrouillé en rotation dans le boîtier 16, et une poussée axiale F exercée sur la vis 8 ne permet pas à celle-ci d'exécuter une translation axiale dans l'écrou 12, la vis 8 restant donc immobilisée.The screw 8 being articulated by its end 9 on a movable part to be adjusted and the housing 16 being articulated by its end 17 on a fixed part relative to the movable part (or vice versa), and the jack 7 being at rest, the thrust of the spring 28 on the locker 23 maintains the latter in abutment against the rod 33, in an axial position or its threads 24-26 are offset from the thread 21, by 1/6 of the total pitch of the threads of this thread. As a result, the threads 24-26 are engaged with the threads 22 by fitting their respective splines 22a and 24a-26a respectively. Thus, the nut 12 is locked in rotation in the housing 16, and an axial thrust F exerted on the screw 8 does not allow the latter to perform an axial translation in the nut 12, the screw 8 therefore remaining immobilized .

Si maintenant on veut régler la position de la pièce mobile sur laquelle est articulée la vis 8 (ou le corps 16), on exerce sur le câble 29 une trac tion à l'encontre de la force de rappel du ressort 28. Cette traction est transmise par l'arrêt 31 au verrouilleur 23 qui recule dans son compartiment 27, de sorte que les filets 24-26 et leurs cannelures 24a-26a se dégagent des filets 22. Au terms de ce retrait axial du verrouilleur 23, les filets 24-26 viennent se placer dans le prolongement radial des filets du filetage 21 qu'ils complètent pour former un filetage unique, permettant à l'écrou 12 de tourner librement dans le boîtier 16. Ainsi, après déverrouillage de l'écrou 12, une poussée axiale F sur la vis 8 se traduit par un double mouvement : la vis 8 provoque la rotation de l'écrou 12 à l'intérieur duquel elle s'enfonce par coopération des filetages 14 et 15, et l'écrou 12 exécute une translation axiale dans le boîtier 16 à l'intérieur duquel il s'enfonce.If we now want to adjust the position of the moving part on which the screw 8 (or the body 16) is articulated, there is a trac on the cable 29 tion against the return force of the spring 28. This traction is transmitted by the stop 31 to the locker 23 which moves back into its compartment 27, so that the threads 24-26 and their grooves 24a-26a are released from the threads 22. At the end of this axial withdrawal of the locker 23, the threads 24-26 are placed in the radial extension of the threads of the thread 21 which they complete to form a single thread, allowing the nut 12 to rotate freely in the housing 16. Thus, after unlocking the nut 12, an axial thrust F on the screw 8 results in a double movement: the screw 8 causes the rotation of the nut 12 inside which it is pushed in by cooperation of the threads 14 and 15, and the nut 12 performs an axial translation in the housing 16 inside which it sinks.

Bient entendu, si une poussée axiale opposée à la poussée F est exercée sur la vis 8, cela provoque les mouvements relatifs inverses des précédents des pièces 8 et 12. Lorsque la pièce mobile a atteint la position désirée, on relâche le câble de commande 29, de sorte que le ressort 28 rappelle le verrouilleur 23 dans sa position initiale. Ses filets 24-26 viennent ainsi à nouveau en prise avec les filets 22 par emboîtement des cannelures 22a et 24a-26a, ce qui bloque à nouveau l'écrou 12 en rotation et la vis 8 en translation.Of course, if an axial thrust opposite to the thrust F is exerted on the screw 8, this causes the inverse relative movements of the preceding parts 8 and 12. When the moving part has reached the desired position, the control cable 29 is released. , so that the spring 28 returns the locker 23 to its initial position. Its threads 24-26 thus again come into engagement with the threads 22 by fitting the grooves 22a and 24a-26a, which again blocks the nut 12 in rotation and the screw 8 in translation.

Les déplacements axiaux du verrouilleur 23 sont guidés par les parois longitudinales du logement 27 (Figure 3) et de même les déplacements du câble 29 sont guidés par un logement correspondant sur la surface du verrouilleur 23.The axial movements of the locker 23 are guided by the longitudinal walls of the housing 27 (FIG. 3) and likewise the movements of the cable 29 are guided by a corresponding housing on the surface of the locker 23.

Applications du dispositif linéaire de réglage rapide ou vérin mécanique selon l'inventionApplications of the linear rapid adjustment device or mechanical jack according to the invention

La Figure 24 illustre un exemple d'application du dispositif de réglage rapide selon l'invention au réglage des éléments constitutifs d'un siège, qui peut être celui d'un véhicule (automobiles, avions, bateaux), ou d'une installation fixe quelconque.FIG. 24 illustrates an example of application of the quick adjustment device according to the invention to the adjustment of the components of a seat, which can be that of a vehicle (cars, planes, boats), or of a fixed installation any.

Ce siège comporte une ossature 1 constituée d'une armature 2 de dossier, d'une assise 3 sur laquelle est articulée l'armature 2, de deux glissières latérales 4, reliées chacune à l'assise 3 par deux biellettes 5 articulées sur l'assise 3 et sur les glissières 4, ces dernières étant montées coulissantes dans des glissières 6 fixées au plancher 35.This seat comprises a frame 1 consisting of a back frame 2, a seat 3 on which the frame 2 is articulated, two lateral rails 4, each connected to the seat 3 by two links 5 articulated on the seat 3 and on the slides 4, the latter being slidably mounted in slides 6 fixed to the floor 35.

L'ossature 1 est équipée de plusieurs dispositifs linéaires de réglage constituant autant de vérins mécaniques permettant le réglage des trois éléments constitutifs du siège : deux vérins 7a sont articulés, d'une part sur les extrémités inférieures de l'armature 2, et sur l'assise 3 pour permettre le réglage de l'inclinaison de l'armature 2 et donc du dossier, deux vérins 7b sont articulés, d'une part sur les glissières fixes 6 et d'autre part sur les glissières mobiles 4 afin de permettre le réglage de la position longitudinale de l'assise 3 sur le plancher, et deux vérins 7c sont articulés, d'une part sur les glissières mobiles 4, et d'autre part su l'assise 3 pour permettre le réglage en hauteur de cette dernière.The frame 1 is equipped with several linear adjustment devices constituting as many mechanical jacks allowing the adjustment of the three constituent elements of the seat: two jacks 7a are articulated, on the one hand on the lower ends of the frame 2, and on the 'seat 3 to allow adjustment of the inclination of the frame 2 and therefore of the backrest, two jacks 7b are articulated, on the one hand on the fixed slides 6 and on the other hand on the mobile slides 4 in order to allow the adjustment of the longitudinal position of the seat 3 on the floor, and two jacks 7c are articulated, on the one hand on the movable slides 4, and on the other hand on the seat 3 to allow the height adjustment of the latter .

Les boitiers des vérins 7a sont articulés sur l'assise 3 autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à la vis afin de pouvoir basculer autour de cet axe pour suivre les déplacements angulaires du dossier 2 sur lequel la vis est articulée. Inversement, cette dernière peut être articulée sur l'assise 3 et le boîtier sur le dossier 2.The casings of the jacks 7a are articulated on the seat 3 around an axis perpendicular to the screw so as to be able to tilt around this axis to follow the angular movements of the backrest 2 on which the screw is articulated. Conversely, the latter can be articulated on the seat 3 and the housing. on file 2.

Les boîtiers des vérins 7c sont adaptés pour être articulés sur les glissières 4 solidaires de l'assise 3 et qui peuvent coulisser dans les glissières fixes 6, tandis que les vis sont articulées sur l'assise 3, afin de permettre de régler la hauteur de l'assise 3 au-dessus du plancher 35. Bient entendu, cet agencement peut être inversé, les vis étant articulées sur les glissières 4 et les boîtiers articulés sur l'assise 3.The casings of the jacks 7c are adapted to be articulated on the slides 4 integral with the seat 3 and which can slide in the fixed slides 6, while the screws are articulated on the seat 3, in order to allow the height of the seat 3 above the floor 35. Of course, this arrangement can be reversed, the screws being articulated on the runners 4 and the housings articulated on the seat 3.

Enfin, les boîtiers des vérins 7b peuvent être solidarisés avec les glissières fixes 6 et les vis solidarisées avec l'assise 3, afind de permettre le réglage longitudinal de cette dernière. Inversement, les vis peuvent être solidarisées avec les glissières fixes 6, tandis que les boîtiers sont solidaires de l'assise 3.Finally, the housings of the jacks 7b can be secured with the fixed slides 6 and the screws secured with the seat 3, in order to allow the longitudinal adjustment of the latter. Conversely, the screws can be secured to the fixed slides 6, while the boxes are secured to the seat 3.

Les Figures 25 à 27 illustrent l'implantation d'un dispositif de réglage 7, donc conforme au mode de réalisation des Figures 18 à 23, par une attache 20 sur une glissière 26 pouvant coulisser sur une gli ssière 37 fixée à un plancher, par exemple de véhicule, pour le réglage de la position longitudinale de l'assise (non représentée) du siège, le vérin 7 étant positionné à l'avant du siège. La vis 8 est représentée dans sa position de sortie maximum de l'écrou 12, lui-même dans sa position de sortie maximun du boîtier 16. L'extrémité 9 de cette vis est articulée sur deux cornières 39, 41 solidarisées avec la glissière fixe 37, par exemple par des rivest 42. Des billes de roulement 43 sont classiquement interposées entre les glissières 36 et 37.Figures 25 to 27 illustrate the installation of an adjustment device 7, therefore in accordance with the embodiment of Figures 18 to 23, by a fastener 20 on a slide 26 which can slide on a slide 37 fixed to a floor, by example of a vehicle, for adjusting the longitudinal position of the seat (not shown) of the seat, the jack 7 being positioned at the front of the seat. The screw 8 is shown in its maximum output position from the nut 12, itself in its maximum output position from the housing 16. The end 9 of this screw is articulated on two angles 39, 41 secured to the fixed slide 37, for example by rivets 42. Rolling balls 43 are conventionally interposed between the slides 36 and 37.

La Figure 29 illustre l'application d'un dispositif 162 selon l'invention au réglage du guide 164 d'une table 165 de machine à bois, munie par exemple d'un scie circulaire 166, ou d'une toupie, ou d'une dégauchisseuse, etc. Jusqu'à présent, le réglage du guide 164 est assuré par un système à boutonnière et serrage par écrou, qui est avantageusement remplacé par le dispositif 163. Celui-ci est du type de la Figure 3, donc à deux vis 167, 168 et pourvu d'un système de verrouillage 169 à levier d'actionnement manuel 170. La vis 167 est articulée sur une biellette 171 elle-même articulée à son extrémité opposée sur une oreille 172 du guide 164. La vis 168 et une seconde biellette 173 sont articulées sur une seconde oreille 174 du guide 164, l'extrémité opposée de la biellette 173 étant articulée autour d'un pivot fixe 175, le pivot 176 d'articulation de la vis 167 et de la biellette 171 étant également fixe sur la table 165.Figure 29 illustrates the application of a device 162 according to the invention to the adjustment of the guide 164 of a table 165 of a woodworking machine, equipped for example with a circular saw 166, or a router, or a jointer, etc. Up to now, the adjustment of the guide 164 has been ensured by a buttonhole and tightening by nut system, which is advantageously replaced by the device 163. This is of the type of FIG. 3, therefore with two screws 167, 168 and provided with a locking system 169 with manual actuation lever 170. The screw 167 is articulated on a link 171 itself articulated at its opposite end on an ear 172 of the guide 164. The screw 168 and a second link 173 are articulated on a second ear 174 of the guide 164, the opposite end of the link 173 being articulated around a fixed pivot 175, the pivot 176 of articulation of the screw 167 and of the link 171 also being fixed on the table 165 .

Les points d'articulation 172, 174, 175 et 176 constituent les sommets d'un parallélogramme dont deux 175 et 176 sont fixes, les deux autres étant déplaçables lorsque le système 169 est déverrouillé. On peut alors en effet faire pivoter les biellettes 171, 173, ce qui permet de déplacer le guide 164 parallèlement à lui-même et ainsi de faire varier la cote d entre celui-ci et la scie circulaire 166, la diagonale du parallélogramme variant au cours de ce déplacement.The articulation points 172, 174, 175 and 176 constitute the vertices of a parallelogram of which two 175 and 176 are fixed, the other two being movable when the system 169 is unlocked. We can then in fact rotate the links 171, 173, which makes it possible to move the guide 164 parallel to itself and thus to vary the dimension d between the latter and the circular saw 166, the diagonal of the parallelogram varying with during this displacement.

Le système de verrouillage 169 est agencé pour pouvoir bloquer la rotation de l'écrou associé aux tiges 167, 168, cet écrou étant alors convenablement pourvu d'un filetage extérieur pouvant venir en prise avec celui du système de verrouillage 169.The locking system 169 is arranged to be able to block the rotation of the nut associated with the rods 167, 168, this nut then being suitably provided with an external thread which can come into engagement with that of the locking system 169.

La Figure 30 montre l'application de l'invention au réglage en hauteur de l'assise 177 d'un tabouret 178 dont le pied est constitué par un disque 179 d'appui sur le sol et d'une vis 180. Celle-ci fait partie d'un dispositif de réglage du type de celui de la Figure 2, qui comprend donc un écrou 181 présentant un taraudage qui coopère avec le filetage 180a de la vis 180, et un filetage 182 coopérant avec le taraudage d'un boîtier 183 portant à son extrémité supérieure l'assise 177. Un ressort 184 est logé dans le boîtier 183, en prenant appui sur l'écrou 181 et en exerçant sur l'assise 177 une poussée verticale dirigée vers le haut. Le dispositif est complété par un système de verrouillage 185, agencé pour pouvoir bloquer l'écrou 181 en rotation.Figure 30 shows the application of the invention to the height adjustment of the seat 177 of a stool 178, the foot of which is constituted by a disc 179 resting on the ground and a screw 180. The latter made part of an adjustment device of the type of that of FIG. 2, which therefore comprises a nut 181 having a thread which cooperates with the thread 180a of the screw 180, and a thread 182 cooperating with the thread of a housing 183 carrying at its upper end the seat 177. A spring 184 is housed in the housing 183, bearing on the nut 181 and exerting on the seat 177 a vertical thrust directed upwards. The device is completed by a locking system 185, arranged to be able to block the nut 181 in rotation.

Pour pouvoir régler la hauteur de l'assise 177, on déverrouille le boîtier 183 par rapport à l'écrou 181 en manoeuvrant le levier 186 du système de verrouillage 185. De ce fait, le ressort 184 pousse vers le haut l'assise 188 et le boîtier 183, qui entraîne l'écrou 181 en rotation dans le sens de la montée, car le rendement du système constitué par l'écrou fileté 181 et le boîtier taraudé 183 est réversible. Le pied 179, 180 restant fixe, l'assise 177 parcourt donc vers le haut le pas de ladite assise par rapport à l'écrou 181, augmenté du pas de ce dernier par rapport à la vis 180. Ainsi, si les deux pas précités sont égaux, l'assise 177 se déplace deux fois plus vite que l'écrou 181. On bloque l'assise 177 et l'ensemble du dispositif dans la position choisie en manoeuvrant le système de verrouillage 185, qui stoppe la rotation de l'écrou 181. Le système de verrouillage 185 comporte essentiellement un patin pourvu d'un taraudage qui coopère avec le filetage 182 et peut être écarté de celui-ci par le levier m anuel 186.In order to be able to adjust the height of the seat 177, the housing 183 is unlocked relative to the nut 181 by operating the lever 186 of the locking system 185. As a result, the spring 184 pushes up the seat 188 and the housing 183, which drives the nut 181 in rotation in the upward direction, since the efficiency of the system constituted by the threaded nut 181 and the threaded housing 183 is reversible. The foot 179, 180 remaining fixed, the seat 177 therefore travels upwards the pitch of said seat relative to the nut 181, increased by the pitch of the latter relative to the screw 180. Thus, if the two aforementioned steps are equal, the seat 177 moves twice as fast as the nut 181. The seat 177 and the entire device are locked in the chosen position by operating the locking system 185, which stops the rotation of the nut 181. The locking system 185 essentially comprises a shoe provided with a thread which cooperates with the thread 182 and can be moved away from the latter by the manual lever 186.

Dans ses divers modes de réalisation et applications, l'invention permet le blocage de la pièce mobile dans la position choisie par un effort relativement faible comparativement à ceux supportés par le dispositif. In its various embodiments and applications, the invention allows the blocking of the part mobile in the position chosen by a relatively low effort compared to those supported by the device.

Claims (16)

1 - Dispositif linéaire de réglage rapide et de blocage d'une pièce mobile par rapport à une pièce fixe, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un couple d'éléments vis-écrou (48, 45; 52, 51; 56a, 56b; 57...) coopérant avec les deux pièces fixe et mobile (2, 3; 155...), dont l'angle de la ou des vis est suffisamment élevé pour que le rendement de la translation vers la rotation soit légèrement positif, et qui est pourvu de moyens de verrouillage (23, 22, 31,...) de l'élément rotatif du couple après réglage de la position de la pièce mobile.1 - Linear device for quick adjustment and blocking of a moving part with respect to a fixed part, characterized in that it comprises at least a pair of screw-nut elements (48, 45; 52, 51; 56a, 56b; 57 ...) cooperating with the two fixed and movable parts (2, 3; 155 ...), the angle of the screw or screws of which is sufficiently high so that the efficiency of translation towards rotation is slightly positive, and which is provided with locking means (23, 22, 31, ...) of the rotary element of the torque after adjusting the position of the moving part. 2 - Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vis (48) est mobile en translation, fixe en rotation et solidaire de la pièce mobile, et traverse un écrou (45) fixe en translation, guidé en rotation dans un boîtier (46) solidaire de ladite pièce fixe et susceptible d'être muni des moyens de verrouillage de l'écrou (Figure 1).2 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw (48) is movable in translation, fixed in rotation and integral with the movable part, and passes through a nut (45) fixed in translation, guided in rotation in a housing ( 46) secured to said fixed part and capable of being provided with means for locking the nut (Figure 1). 3 - Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une vis (51) mobile en translation et fixe en rotation, un écrou (51) taraudé et fileté suivant deux pas contraires et une noix (54) taraudée traversée par l'écrou (51), cette noix (54) étant apte à être solidarisée avec la pièce fixe, tandis que la vis (52) est solidaire de la pièce mobile, l'écrou (51) étant mobile à la fois en translation et en rotation lorsqu'un effort axial exercé sur la vis (52) par la pièce mobile, et la noix est susceptible de porter un système de verrouillage de l'écrou (Figure 2).3 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a screw (51) movable in translation and fixed in rotation, a nut (51) threaded and threaded in two opposite steps and a nut (54) threaded through the 'nut (51), this nut (54) being able to be secured to the fixed part, while the screw (52) is secured to the movable part, the nut (51) being movable both in translation and in rotation when an axial force exerted on the screw (52) by the moving part, and the nut is likely to carry a nut locking system (Figure 2). 4 - Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un écrou (57) dans lequel sont agencés deux taraudages de pas contraires et qui coopèrent chacun avec une vis (56a, 56b), ces deux vis ayant des pas inverses, et l'écrou (57) est monté rotatif dans un boîtier (59) de support traversé par les vis (56a, 56b), de telle sorte que, l'une des vis étant solidaire de la pièce mobile, l'écrou soit déplaçable à la fois en rotation et en translation sous l'action de l'effort axial exercé sur la vis solidaire de la pièce mobile à régler, et le boîtier (59) est muni de moyens de verrouillage de l'écrou (Figure 3).4 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a nut (57) in which are arranged two threads of opposite pitch and which each cooperate with a screw (56a, 56b), these two screws having reverse pitch, and the nut (57) is rotatably mounted in a support housing (59) through which the screws (56a, 56b) pass, so that, one of the screws being secured to the movable part, the nut is displaceable both in rotation and in translation under the action of the axial force exerted on the screw secured to the movable part to be adjusted, and the housing (59) is provided with means for locking the nut (Figure 3). 5 - Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vis (150) porte deux filetages (150a, 150b), à pas contraires qui coopèrent chacun avec un écrou (151, 152) dont l'un est relié à la pièce fixe et l'autre à la pièce mobile à régler, de telle sorte que l'effort exercé sur l'écrou mobile en translation à partir de la pièce mobile déplace la vis (15) à la fois en translation et en rotation, la vis traversant un boîtier (155) pouvant être muni des moyens de verrouillage de ladite vis (Figure 4).5 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw (150) carries two threads (150a, 150b), with opposite pitch which each cooperate with a nut (151, 152) one of which is connected to the fixed part and the other to the movable part to be adjusted, so that the force exerted on the movable nut in translation from the movable part displaces the screw (15) both in translation and in rotation, the screw passing through a housing (155) which can be provided with means for locking said screw (Figure 4). 6 - Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérosé en ce que les moyens de verrouillage de l'écrou (67) comprennent un verrouilleur (71) monté dans le boîtier (65) coaxialement à la vis (63) autour de celle-ci, pouvant se déplacer axialement et muni d'une denture (73) complémentaire d'une denture (72) de l'écrou (67) afin de verrouiller ce dernier en rotation, ce verrouilleur étant sollicité constamment dans sa position de verrouillage par un organe élastique (74) intérieur au boîtier (65), et des moyens sont prévus pour déverrouiller le verrouiller (71) de l'écrou (67), par exemple un levier manuel (75) articulé autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à la vis (63) et pourvu d'oreilles (76) coopérant avec des ergots (77) solidaires du verrouilleur (71) et saillant latérale ment du boîtier par des lumières (78) de celui-ci, de sorte qu'un basculement du levier (75) entraîne, par l'intermédiaire des ergots (77), un retrait axial du verrouilleur(71) par rapport à l'écrou (67), et donc le déverrouillage de ce dernier (Figures 5 à 7).6 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the nut locking means (67) comprise a locker (71) mounted in the housing (65) coaxially with the screw (63) around it, which can move axially and provided with a toothing (73) complementary to a toothing (72) of the nut (67) in order to lock the latter in rotation, this locker being constantly stressed in its locking position by an elastic member ( 74) inside the housing (65), and means are provided for unlocking the lock (71) of the nut (67), for example a manual lever (75) articulated around an axis perpendicular to the screw (63) and provided with ears (76) cooperating with lugs (77) integral with the locker (71) and projecting from the side ment of the housing by lights (78) thereof, so that a tilting of the lever (75) causes, via the lugs (77), an axial withdrawal of the locker (71) relative to the nut (67), and therefore the unlocking of the latter (Figures 5 to 7). 7 - Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les dents (73, 72) du verrouilleur (71) et de l'écrou (67) présentent des extrémités pointues (73a, 72a) complémentaires, prolongées latéralement par des plats (73b, 72b) destinés à empêcher un décrabotage naturel.7 - Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the teeth (73, 72) of the locker (71) and the nut (67) have pointed ends (73a, 72a) complementary, extended laterally by dishes (73b , 72b) intended to prevent natural declutching. 8 - Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de verrouillage de l'écrou comprennent un crabot verrouilleur (121) cylindrique, coaxial à la vis (113) et à l'écrou (112), sollicité élastiquement en prise avec une denture conjuguée de l'écrou (112), et associé à un dispositif de commande manuelle du déverrouillage (Figures 15-17).8 - Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the nut locking means comprise a locking dog (121) cylindrical, coaxial with the screw (113) and the nut (112), resiliently engaged in engagement with a conjugate toothing of the nut (112), and associated with a manual unlocking control device (Figures 15-17). 9 - Actionneur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande du déverrouillage comporte une tôle (127) eveloppant partiellement le boîtier (114) et munie, en regard du verrouilleur-crabot (121), d'ailes latérales (128) aptes à coopérer avec des doigts (129) saillant du verrouilleur-carbot (121) et profilées de façon qu'une rotation de la tôle (127) autour du boîtier (114) provoque, par l'intermédiaire desdites ailes (128), un retrait axial des doigts (129) et du verrouilleur-crabot (121) qui déverrouille l'écrou (112) par rapport à ce dernier (Figures 15 -17).9 - Actuator according to claim 8, characterized in that the unlocking control device comprises a sheet (127) partially enclosing the housing (114) and provided, opposite the latching device (121), with lateral wings (128 ) capable of cooperating with fingers (129) projecting from the carburetor-locker (121) and shaped so that a rotation of the sheet (127) around the housing (114) causes, by means of said wings (128), an axial withdrawal of the fingers (129) and of the dog locker (121) which unlocks the nut (112) relative to the latter (Figures 15 -17). 10 - Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande manuelle de déverrouillage comprend un paire de mâchoires (95) maintenues appliquées sur l'écrou (79) par un organe élastique (99) et susceptible d'être écartées de l'écrou (79) par la rotation d'un levier (101) pourvu à son extrémité de deux doigts (104) coopérant chacun avec une mâchoire (95), de telle sorte que leur rotation autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à la vis (81) écarte les mâchoires (95) l'une de l'autre contre la force de rappel de l'organe élastique (99) ou au contraire autorise leur appui sur l'écrou, en fonction du sens de manoeuvre du levier (101) (Figures 12-14).10 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the manual unlocking control device comprises a pair of jaws (95) maintained applied to the nut (79) by a elastic member (99) and capable of being moved away from the nut (79) by the rotation of a lever (101) provided at its end with two fingers (104) each cooperating with a jaw (95), so that their rotation about an axis perpendicular to the screw (81) separates the jaws (95) from one another against the restoring force of the elastic member (99) or on the contrary authorizes their support on the nut, depending on the direction of operation of the lever (101) (Figures 12-14). 11 - Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande manuelle de déverrouillage comprend au moins deux rouleaux (83; 84) parallèles, interposés entre la surface de l'écrou (79) et un fond du boîtier (82), élastiquement sollicités en appui sur l'écrou de façon à le bloquer en rotation, et des coins (86) engagés entre les extrémités opposées des rouleaux (83, 84), ainsi que des moyens pour faire avancer les coins entre les rouleaux de manière à les écarter et à débloquer ainsi l'écrou (79) ou pour escamoter lesdits coins (86) afin de verrouiller l'écrou (Figures 10-11).11 - Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the manual unlocking control device comprises at least two rollers (83; 84) parallel, interposed between the surface of the nut (79) and a bottom of the housing (82) , elastically urged to bear on the nut so as to block it from rotating, and corners (86) engaged between the opposite ends of the rollers (83, 84), as well as means for advancing the corners between the rollers so to move them aside and thus unlock the nut (79) or to retract said corners (86) in order to lock the nut (Figures 10-11). 12 - Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens comportent une pince (87) formée par deux mâchoires (88, 89) aux extrémités desquelles sont fixés les coins (86), articulées l'une sur l'autre et dont l'une (89) est de plus articulée sur un élément (92) solidaire du boîtier (82) contenant les rouleaux et les organes élastiques (85) associés, de sorte qu'une traction sur une mâchoire (88) provoque l'insertion des coins (86) entre les rouleaux ou leur retrait (Figures 10-11).12 - Device according to claim 11, characterized in that said means comprise a clamp (87) formed by two jaws (88, 89) at the ends of which are fixed the corners (86), articulated one on the other and whose one (89) is further articulated on an element (92) integral with the housing (82) containing the rollers and the elastic members (85) associated, so that a pull on a jaw (88) causes insertion corners (86) between the rollers or their withdrawal (Figures 10-11). 13 - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier est apte à être articulé sur l'assise (3) d'un siège (1) autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à la vis afin de pouvoir basculer autour de cet axe pour suivre les déplacements angulaires du dossier (2), sur lequel la vis est articulée, ou inversement la vis est articulée sur l'assise (3) et le boîtier sur le dossier (2) (Figure 24).13 - Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing is adapted to be articulated on the seat (3) of a seat (1) around an axis perpendicular to the screw in order to be able to tilt around this axis to follow the angular movements of the backrest (2), on which the screw is articulated, or conversely the screw is articulated on the seat (3) and the case on the backrest (2) (Figure 24). 14 - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier est apte à être solidarisé avec une glissière (6) fixée au plancher (35) d'un véhicule et la vis est solidarisée avec l'assise (3) d'un siège, afin de permettre le réglage longitudinal de ladite assise, ou inversement la vis est solidarisée avec la glissière fixe (6) et le boîtier est solidaire de l'assise (3) (Figure 24).14 - Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing is adapted to be secured with a slide (6) fixed to the floor (35) of a vehicle and the screw is secured to the seat ( 3) a seat, in order to allow the longitudinal adjustment of said seat, or conversely the screw is secured to the fixed slide (6) and the housing is secured to the seat (3) (Figure 24). 15 - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (16 ) est adapté pour être articulé sur une glissière (4, 36) solidaire de l'assise (3) d'un siège (1) de véhicule et pouvant coulisser dans une glissière (6, 37) fixée au plancher (35) du véhicule, tandis que la vis est articulée sur l'assise (3), afind de permettre le réglage de la hauteur de l'assise au-dessus du plancher (35) du véhicule, ou inversement la vis est articulée sur la glissière (4) solidaire de l'assise et le boîtier est articulé sur l'assie (3).15 - Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing (16) is adapted to be articulated on a slide (4, 36) integral with the seat (3) of a seat (1) of vehicle and able to slide in a slide (6, 37) fixed to the floor (35) of the vehicle, while the screw is articulated on the seat (3), in order to allow the adjustment of the height of the seat above the floor (35) of the vehicle, or vice versa, the screw is articulated on the slide (4) integral with the seat and the housing is articulated on the seat (3). 16 - Application du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12 au réglage d'un guide (164) de table (165) de machine à bois ou de l'assise (177) d'un tabouret (Figures 29 et 30).16 - Application of the device according to one of claims 1 to 12 to the adjustment of a guide (164) of table (165) of woodworking machine or of the seat (177) of a stool (Figures 29 and 30) .
EP87402234A 1986-10-13 1987-10-07 Linear device for the rapid adjustment and blocking of a fixed part, especially for use in the control of a work table guide of a wood-working machine Withdrawn EP0265317A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8614178A FR2605074A1 (en) 1986-10-13 1986-10-13 LINEAR DEVICE FOR QUICK ADJUSTMENT AND LOCKING OF A MOBILE WORKPIECE RELATIVE TO A FIXED WORKPIECE, APPLICABLE IN PARTICULAR TO THE ADJUSTMENT OF A WOODEN MACHINE GUIDE
FR8614178 1986-10-13

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EP0265317A1 true EP0265317A1 (en) 1988-04-27

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EP87402234A Withdrawn EP0265317A1 (en) 1986-10-13 1987-10-07 Linear device for the rapid adjustment and blocking of a fixed part, especially for use in the control of a work table guide of a wood-working machine

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US (1) US4799734A (en)
EP (1) EP0265317A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63176860A (en)
BR (1) BR8705429A (en)
CA (1) CA1289773C (en)
FR (1) FR2605074A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2605074A1 (en) 1988-04-15
US4799734A (en) 1989-01-24
JPS63176860A (en) 1988-07-21
BR8705429A (en) 1988-05-24
CA1289773C (en) 1991-10-01

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