EP0260436A2 - Closing device for loading or unloading openings of transport tanks, especially for tank or hopper vehicles - Google Patents

Closing device for loading or unloading openings of transport tanks, especially for tank or hopper vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0260436A2
EP0260436A2 EP87111616A EP87111616A EP0260436A2 EP 0260436 A2 EP0260436 A2 EP 0260436A2 EP 87111616 A EP87111616 A EP 87111616A EP 87111616 A EP87111616 A EP 87111616A EP 0260436 A2 EP0260436 A2 EP 0260436A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control lever
cover
openings
locking
locking hook
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87111616A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0260436A3 (en
EP0260436B1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Peter Schimoch
Bernard Dipl.-Ing. Seidenstücker
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Umbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transport Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Linke Hofmann Busch GmbH
Linke Hofmann Busch Waggon Fahrzeug Maschinen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linke Hofmann Busch GmbH, Linke Hofmann Busch Waggon Fahrzeug Maschinen GmbH filed Critical Linke Hofmann Busch GmbH
Priority to AT87111616T priority Critical patent/ATE62634T1/en
Publication of EP0260436A2 publication Critical patent/EP0260436A2/en
Publication of EP0260436A3 publication Critical patent/EP0260436A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0260436B1 publication Critical patent/EP0260436B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/10—Manholes; Inspection openings; Covers therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a closure device for loading or unloading openings in transport tanks, in particular for rail-bound tank and bulk goods wagons, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • lids which are to be designed in accordance with the requirements for different pressure loads.
  • the operating personnel must generally remove the boiler or. Press the bulk goods wagon to operate the container locks. Climbing onto the transport containers and actuating the locking devices is associated with a considerable risk to the personnel, because in the case of transport containers, the work platform cannot often be provided with a railing in view of a fully used standard light room.
  • the closure devices also come into contact with adverse weather conditions such as rain, snow, slippery surfaces and the like. Like., To be operated outside protected shelters.
  • opening and closing the locking devices manually directly on the locks can be dangerous or even hazardous to health due to the nature of the load.
  • US Pat. No. 2,669,230 therefore suggests filling and emptying the transport tank from below and ensuring necessary pressure equalization from below via remote-controlled ventilation on the covers.
  • a closure device for the lid for remote-controlled opening and closing of the lid is missing, which in particular enables and ensures a required opening angle.
  • a closure device that eliminates this defect shows the unpublished DE-PS 35 03 544.
  • a pivotable lid In the closed position, a pivotable lid is pressed onto its seat via a linkage which is supported on the one hand on the boiler shell and on the other hand engages the lid, with an angle lever on Boiler shell is supported and by the short lever arm Working cylinder operated by remote control the long lever arm, which is connected to another linkage part that engages the cover and secures it by an over-center position of the linkage.
  • the rod parts in the closed position extend approximately parallel and at a short distance from the boiler shell.
  • This locking device is only intended for pressureless or pressurized loads and cannot ensure the required tightness of the locking device for pressurized loads, especially when pressure is being discharged from bulk goods wagons, since the rod parts in the locked position act too compliant and there is only two-point support for the cover.
  • the invention is therefore based on the task of designing a generic closure device in such a way that the tightness in the closed position in the specified pressure range is ensured even with pressurized loads, in particular when pressure is being discharged from bulk goods wagons, and pivoting of the lid remains possible by means of remote-controlled actuating means at the required opening angle .
  • the closure device according to the invention essentially has a cover 1, a linkage 2 which pivots and secures the cover 1 and a remote-controlled actuating means 3.
  • the closure device according to the invention additionally has a crossbar 4 connecting the linkage 2 and actuated by this adjusting means 3.
  • the cross member 4 is arranged in the closed position on the apex of the boiler 5 in the transverse axis of the locking device above the cover 1 on the side of the pivot axis 6 of the cover 1.
  • the linkage 2 arranged on the crossbeam 4 at both ends is advantageously mirror-symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle or to the longitudinal axis of the locking device.
  • a pivot bearing 7 is arranged parallel to the pivot axis 6, about which a lever triangle 8, pivoted approximately in the region of the knee, can be pivoted.
  • the lever triangle 8 is supported in a bearing block 9 and the associated bearing 10 on the boiler side, while the opposite corner of the lever triangle 8 guides a control lever 11 by means of bolts 12 arranged thereon in an elongated hole 13 which extends from this end of the lever triangle 8 in Direction to the camp 10 extends.
  • the control lever 11 is supported at one end by means of a bearing 14 in the bearing block 9 on the boiler side.
  • a control lever rod 16 is attached by means of a joint 15, which is connected to the control lever rod 16 of the mirror-symmetrical linkage 2 and extends beyond the cover 1 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the closure device.
  • a pull-push rod 18 engages in the joint 17, which actuates a locking hook 19 via a joint 20, which positively locks the cover.
  • the locking hook 19 is supported on the boiler side via a joint 21 and bearing block 22.
  • the control lever rod 16 is provided on the part projecting above the cover with a guide 23, for example with an elongated hole arrangement, into which the cover 1 engages by means of a guide element 24. In the closed position, the bolt 12 is arranged below the pivot bearing 7.
  • the actuating means 3 is actuated, whereupon the cross member 4 acts on the linkage 2 arranged on both sides.
  • Each linkage is 2 operated simultaneously and with the same effect.
  • the crossbar 4 engages via the pivot bearing 7 on the lever triangle 8 and rotates it in the bearing 10 in the direction of rotation of the following lid pivoting movement.
  • the lever triangle 8 guides the control lever 11 by means of bolts 12 and slot 13 during the forced rotation about its boiler-side support in the bearing 14 .
  • control lever rod 16 moves upward and the cover-side guide element 24 into the inner end position of the articulation (guide element 24 / guide 23) of the control lever rod 16 on the cover 1 which is displaceable longitudinally in the direction of the control lever rod 16.
  • the control lever 11 engages when it rotates about its pivot point in bearing 14 at its other end in the joint 15 on the cover 1 and rotates it beyond its approximately vertical center of gravity position.
  • the cover 1 falls due to the force of gravity acting on it with its guide element 24 in the direction of the outer stop 23a in the guide 23.
  • the time at which this stop 23a is reached by the guide element 24 depends on the angular velocity of the control lever 11 following these cover rotations in the joint 15, ie at the articulation point of control lever 11 and control lever rod 16, since with the variation in the angular velocity of the joint 15 the position of the stop 23a in relation to the position of the guide element 24 of the cover 1 is definable.
  • the cover movement is intercepted or damped via the control lever rod 16 or ultimately by the actuating means 3, for example a working cylinder.
  • the guide element 24 of the cover 1 bears against the inner stop 23b of the guide 23.
  • the bolt 12 arranged on the control lever 11 pivots about the bearing 14.
  • one end of the pull-push rod 18 engages.
  • the other end of the push-pull rod 18 pivots the locking hook 19 into the locked position and engages over the cover 1 in a form-fitting manner.
  • the actuating means 3 acts on the linkage 2 until the linkage 2 with its control lever 11 and its push-pull rod 18 assumes an over-center position with respect to the joint 17.
  • the joint 17 is arranged in the locked position below the connecting straight line through the bearing 14 and the joint 20.
  • the locking hook 19 is locked against conspiracy until the joint 17 is arranged above the connecting straight line through the bearing 14 and the joint 20.
  • Forces on the locking hook 19, caused by the cover 1 pressurized with internal pressure can, as is known, by expediently self-locking arrangement and design of the contact surfaces between the locking hook 19 and cover 1, ie by creating an over-center position of the locking hook 19 in the sense of a reinforcement of the clamping forces can also be used.
  • the point of application of the locking hook 19 on the cover 1 is adjustable in height, whereby the contact pressure of the cover 1 on the dome neck 26 is adjustable.
  • the actuating means 3 pivots the control lever 11 in the direction of rotation of the cover 1 by means of the lever triangle 8.
  • the joint 17 arranged on the control lever 11 is pivoted out of its dead center position, the pull-push rod 18 arranged on the joint 17 opening the locking hook 19 unlocked and the lid 1 releases.
  • This unlocking process is always completed before the cover 1 is lifted. Therefore, during the unlocking process of the locking hook 19, the guide element 24 slides in the guide 23 from the inner stop 23b to the outer stop 23a.
  • a further pivoting of the control lever 11 pivots the cover 1 beyond its equilibrium position via the outer stop 23a. The cover 1 falls into its end position “opened” by gravity
  • the time interval between the unlocking process and the application of the cover 1 can instead of with the guide element 24 and the guide 23, d. H. by moving a bolt in an elongated hole, also by means of a pair of scissors arranged at the end of the control lever rod 16, which is only brought into the locking position after the complete release of the locking hook 19 and lifts the cover 1.
  • Locking device can be configured, in which the actuating means 3 acts directly on the control lever 11 while leaving the lever triangle 8 which enables variable lever ratios.
  • actuating means 3 acts directly on the control lever 11 while leaving the lever triangle 8 which enables variable lever ratios.
  • a considerably longer adjustment path of the adjusting means 3 is to be realized or a different gear is to be provided.
  • the cover 1 can still be operated by manually moving the control lever 11.
  • the joint 17 is to be levered out of its over-center position using simple tools, for example a rod.
  • the closing movement of the cover 1 and the placing of the locking hooks 19 in the locked position is carried out by manually pivoting the cover 1 and pivoting the control lever 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)

Abstract

The closing device for swivel lids (1), which are actuated by remote control via a linkage (2), has a control lever (11) as a constituent of the linkage (2), which lever on the one hand produces the swivel movement of the lid (1) and, on the other hand, controls the actuation of a locking hook (19). The actuation of the control lever (11) is advantageously effected via a lever triangle (8), on which the actuator (3) acts, and which transmits the actuation path of the actuator (3). After locking of the locking hook (19), the control lever (11) assumes an above dead centre position. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verschlußeinrichtung für Lade, oder Entladeöffnungen in Transportkessel, insbesondere für schienen­gebundene Kessel- und Schüttgutwagen, entsprechend dem Oberbe­griff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a closure device for loading or unloading openings in transport tanks, in particular for rail-bound tank and bulk goods wagons, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die Öffnungen von Befülldomen und Mannlöchern an Kessel- und Schüttgutwagen werden üblicherweise durch Deckel verschlossen, die entsprechend den Erfordernissen für unterschiedliche Druck­beanspruchungen auszubilden sind. Bei bisher üblichen Verschluß­einrichtungen muß das Bedienungspersonal in der Regel den Kessel-­bzw. Schüttgutwagen beteigen, um die Verschlußsicherung der Be­hälterverschlüsse zu betätigen. Das Besteigen der Transportbe­hälter und das Betätigen der Verschlußeinrichtungen ist mit ei­ner erheblichen Gefährdung des Personals verbunden, denn bei Transportbehältern kann die Arbeitsbühne mit Rücksicht auf ei­nen voll ausgeschöpften Regellichtraum oft nicht mit einem Ge­länder versehen werden. Erschwerend für das Bedienungspersonal kommt hinzu, daß die Verschlußeinrichtungen auch bei ungünstiger Witterung wie Regen, Schnee, Glätte u. dgl., außerhalb geschütz­ter Unterstände zu betätigen sind.The openings of filling domes and manholes on tank wagons and bulk goods wagons are usually closed by lids which are to be designed in accordance with the requirements for different pressure loads. In the case of locking devices which have been customary to date, the operating personnel must generally remove the boiler or. Press the bulk goods wagon to operate the container locks. Climbing onto the transport containers and actuating the locking devices is associated with a considerable risk to the personnel, because in the case of transport containers, the work platform cannot often be provided with a railing in view of a fully used standard light room. To make it more difficult for the operating personnel, the closure devices also come into contact with adverse weather conditions such as rain, snow, slippery surfaces and the like. Like., To be operated outside protected shelters.

Andererseits kann auch das Öffnen und Schließen der Verschlußein­richtungen manuell direkt an den Verschlüssen aufgrund der La­degutbeschaffenheit gefährlich oder gar gesundheitsgefährdent sein.On the other hand, opening and closing the locking devices manually directly on the locks can be dangerous or even hazardous to health due to the nature of the load.

Die US-PS 2 669 230 schlägt deshalb vor, Transportkessel von unten zu befüllen und zu entleeren und einen notwendigen Druck­ausgleich von unten über fernbedienbare Belüftung an den Dek­keln sicherzustellen. Dazu wird vorgeschlagen, die Deckel über Gestänge und Hebel oder mittels Druckzylinderbeaufschlagung fern­bedienbar aus ihren Dichtungen teilweise auszuheben bzw. zu kip­pen, wobei die vorgesehene Deckelverschlußeinrichtung den Dek­kel weiterhin in Verschlußstellung hält und gegen Aufschlagen sichert.US Pat. No. 2,669,230 therefore suggests filling and emptying the transport tank from below and ensuring necessary pressure equalization from below via remote-controlled ventilation on the covers. For this purpose, it is proposed to partially lift or tilt the covers remotely from their seals by means of linkages and levers or by means of pressure cylinder actuation, the provided cover closure device still holding the cover in the closed position and securing it against opening.

Für ein Beladen von oben, beispielsweise bei Schüttgütern üblich, ist die vorgenannte Anordnung bestimmungsgemäß nicht verwendbar. Es fehlt eine Verschlußeinrichtung für die Deckel zum fernbe­dienbaren Öffnen und Schließen der Deckel, die insbesondere ei­nen geforderten Öffnungswinkel ermöglicht und sicherstellt.The aforementioned arrangement cannot be used as intended for loading from above, for example in the case of bulk goods. A closure device for the lid for remote-controlled opening and closing of the lid is missing, which in particular enables and ensures a required opening angle.

Eine Verschlußeinrichtung, die diesen Mangel beseitigt, zeigt die nicht vorveröffentlichte DE-PS 35 03 544. In Verschlußstel­lung wird ein schwenkbarer Deckel über ein Gestänge auf seinen Sitz gedrückt, das sich einerseits am Kesselmantel abstützt und andererseits am Deckel angreift, wobei ein Winkelhebel sich am Kesselmantel abstützt und durch am kurzen Hebelarm angreifende Arbeitszylinder fernbedienbar den langen Hebelarm betätigt, der mit einem weiteren Gestängeteil verbunden ist, das am Deckel angreift und diesen durch eine Übertotpunktlage des Gestänges sichert. Dabei erstrecken sich die Gestängeteile in Verschluß­lage annähernd parallel und in geringem Abstand zum Kesselman­tel. Diese Verschlußeinrichtung ist nur für drucklose oder ge­rng beaufschlagte Ladegüter vorgesehen und kann bei druckbe­aufschlagten Ladegütern, insbesondere bei einer Druckentladung von Schüttgutwagen, nicht die erforderliche Dichtheit der Ver­schlußeinrichtung sicherstellen, da die Gestängeteile in Verschluß­lage zu nachgiebig wirken und nur eine Zweipunktabstützung des Deckels gegeben ist.A closure device that eliminates this defect shows the unpublished DE-PS 35 03 544. In the closed position, a pivotable lid is pressed onto its seat via a linkage which is supported on the one hand on the boiler shell and on the other hand engages the lid, with an angle lever on Boiler shell is supported and by the short lever arm Working cylinder operated by remote control the long lever arm, which is connected to another linkage part that engages the cover and secures it by an over-center position of the linkage. The rod parts in the closed position extend approximately parallel and at a short distance from the boiler shell. This locking device is only intended for pressureless or pressurized loads and cannot ensure the required tightness of the locking device for pressurized loads, especially when pressure is being discharged from bulk goods wagons, since the rod parts in the locked position act too compliant and there is only two-point support for the cover.

Die Erfindung hat sich deshalb die Aufgabe gestellt, eine gat­tungsgemäße Verschlußeinrichtung so auszubilden, daß die Dicht­heit in Verschlußlage im vorgegebenen Druckbereich auch bei druck­beaufschlagten Ladegütern, insbesondere bei der Druckentladung von Schüttgutwagen, sichergestellt wird und ein Verschwenken der Deckel durch fernbedienbare Stellmittel bei gefordertem Öffnungs­winkel durchführbar bleibt.The invention is therefore based on the task of designing a generic closure device in such a way that the tightness in the closed position in the specified pressure range is ensured even with pressurized loads, in particular when pressure is being discharged from bulk goods wagons, and pivoting of the lid remains possible by means of remote-controlled actuating means at the required opening angle .

Die Aufgabe wird bei einer Verschlußeinrichtung gemäß dem Ober­begriff durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.The object is achieved in a closure device according to the preamble by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Zweckmäßige Aus- und Weiterbildungen des Gegenstandes der Er­findung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Appropriate training and further developments of the subject matter of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher er­läutert:The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment:

Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 die Verschlußeinrichtung in Verschlußstellung in Drauf­sicht,
  • Fig. 2 die Verschlußeinrichtung in Verschlußstellung in Seiten­ansicht, und
  • Fig. 3 die Verschlußeinrichtung in geöffneter Stellung in Seitenansicht.
It shows
  • 1 is a top view of the closure device in the closed position,
  • Fig. 2 shows the closure device in the closed position in side view, and
  • Fig. 3 shows the closure device in the open position in a side view.

Die erfindungsgemäße Verschlußeinrichtung weist im wesentlichen einen Deckel 1, ein den Deckel 1 schwenkendes und sicherndes Ge­stänge 2 und ein fernbedienbares Stellmittel 3 auf. Bei paariger Ausbildung des Gestänges 2 weist die erfindungsgemäße Verschluß­einrichtung zusätzlich eine das Gestänge 2 verbindende durch die­ses Stellmittel 3 beaufschlagbare Traverse 4 auf.The closure device according to the invention essentially has a cover 1, a linkage 2 which pivots and secures the cover 1 and a remote-controlled actuating means 3. When the linkage 2 is configured in pairs, the closure device according to the invention additionally has a crossbar 4 connecting the linkage 2 and actuated by this adjusting means 3.

Die Traverse 4 ist in Verschlußstellung auf dem Scheitel des Kessels 5 in der Querachse der Verschlußeinrichtung oberhalb des Deckels 1 auf der Seite der Schwenkachse 6 des Deckels 1 angeordnet. Das an der Traverse 4 an beiden Enden angeordnete Gestänge 2 ist vorteilhaft spiegelsymmetrisch zur Fahrzeuglängs­achse bzw. zur Längsachse der Verschlußeinrichtung ausgebildet.The cross member 4 is arranged in the closed position on the apex of the boiler 5 in the transverse axis of the locking device above the cover 1 on the side of the pivot axis 6 of the cover 1. The linkage 2 arranged on the crossbeam 4 at both ends is advantageously mirror-symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle or to the longitudinal axis of the locking device.

An jeder Seite der Traverse 4 ist parallel zur Schwenkachse 6 ein Schwenklager 7 angeordnet, um das sich ein Hebeldreieck 8, etwa im Bereich des Knies angelenkt, schwenken läßt. An seiner einen Ecke ist das Hebeldreieck 8 in einem Lagerbock 9 und dem zugeordneten Lager 10 kesselseiting abgestützt, während die ge­genüberliegende Ecke des Hebeldreiecks 8 einen Steuerhebel 11 mittels daran angeordneten Bolzen 12 in einem Langloch 13 führt, das sich von diesem Ende des Hebeldreiecks 8 in Richtung auf das Lager 10 erstreckt. Der Steuerhebel 11 ist an seinem einen Ende mittels Lager 14 im Lagerbock 9 kesselseitig abgestützt. An seinem anderen Ende ist mittels Gelenk 15 eine Steuerhebel­stange 16 angebracht, die mit der Steuerhebelstange 16 des spie­gelsymmetrischen Gestänges 2 verbunden ist und sich in Richtung der Längsachse der Verschlußeinrichtung über den Deckel 1 hin­aus erstreckt. Zwischen dem Lager 14 und dem Gelenk 16 greift im Gelenk 17 eine Zug- Druckstange 18 an, die einen Verschluß­haken 19 über ein Gelenk 20 betätigt, der den Deckel formschlüssig sperrt. Der Verschlußhaken 19 ist über ein Gelenk 21 und Lager­bock 22 kesselseitig abgestützt. Die Steuerhebelstange 16 ist am den Deckel überragenden Teil mit einer Führung 23, beispiels­weise mit einer Langlochanordnung, versehen, in die der Deckel 1 mittels Führelement 24 greift. In Verschlußstellung ist der Bol­zen 12 unterhalb des Schweklagers 7 angeordnet.On each side of the crossmember 4, a pivot bearing 7 is arranged parallel to the pivot axis 6, about which a lever triangle 8, pivoted approximately in the region of the knee, can be pivoted. At one corner, the lever triangle 8 is supported in a bearing block 9 and the associated bearing 10 on the boiler side, while the opposite corner of the lever triangle 8 guides a control lever 11 by means of bolts 12 arranged thereon in an elongated hole 13 which extends from this end of the lever triangle 8 in Direction to the camp 10 extends. The control lever 11 is supported at one end by means of a bearing 14 in the bearing block 9 on the boiler side. At its other end, a control lever rod 16 is attached by means of a joint 15, which is connected to the control lever rod 16 of the mirror-symmetrical linkage 2 and extends beyond the cover 1 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the closure device. Between the bearing 14 and the joint 16, a pull-push rod 18 engages in the joint 17, which actuates a locking hook 19 via a joint 20, which positively locks the cover. The locking hook 19 is supported on the boiler side via a joint 21 and bearing block 22. The control lever rod 16 is provided on the part projecting above the cover with a guide 23, for example with an elongated hole arrangement, into which the cover 1 engages by means of a guide element 24. In the closed position, the bolt 12 is arranged below the pivot bearing 7.

Zum Schließen des geöffneten Deckels 1 (Fig. 3) wird das Stell­mittel 3 betätigt, woraufhin die Traverse 4 das an beiden Sei­ten angeordnete Gestänge 2 beaufschlagt. Jedes Gestänge 2 wird dabei gleichzeitig und gleichwirkend betätigt. Die Traverse 4 greift über das Schwenklager 7 am Hebeldreieck 8 an und dreht dieses im Lager 10 im Drehsinn der folgenden Deckelschwenkbe­wegung. Das Hebeldreieck 8 führt beim Drehen den Steuerhebel 11 mittels Bolzen 12 und Langloch 13 bei der Zwangsdrehung um sei­ne kesselseitige Abstützung im Lager 14. Die Steuerhebelstan­ge 16 wird in ihrem Anlenkpunkt im Gelenk 15 an den Steuerhe­bel 11 angehoben und dabei gleichzeitig im Drehsinn des Hebel­dreiecks 8 geschwenkt.To close the opened cover 1 (FIG. 3), the actuating means 3 is actuated, whereupon the cross member 4 acts on the linkage 2 arranged on both sides. Each linkage is 2 operated simultaneously and with the same effect. The crossbar 4 engages via the pivot bearing 7 on the lever triangle 8 and rotates it in the bearing 10 in the direction of rotation of the following lid pivoting movement. The lever triangle 8 guides the control lever 11 by means of bolts 12 and slot 13 during the forced rotation about its boiler-side support in the bearing 14 .

Durch die Drehbewegung des Steuerhebels 11 bewegt sich die Steu­erhebelstange 16 nach oben und das deckelseitige Führelement 24 in die innere Endlage der längsverschieblich in Richtung der Steu­erhebelstange 16 verschieblichen Anlenkung (Führelement 24/Füh­rung 23) der Steuerhebelstange 16 am Deckel 1.Due to the rotary movement of the control lever 11, the control lever rod 16 moves upward and the cover-side guide element 24 into the inner end position of the articulation (guide element 24 / guide 23) of the control lever rod 16 on the cover 1 which is displaceable longitudinally in the direction of the control lever rod 16.

Der Steuerhebel 11 greift bei seiner Drehung um seinen Drehpunkt in Lager 14 an seinem anderen Ende im Gelenk 15 am Deckel 1 an und dreht diesen bis über seine annähernd senkrechte Schwerpunkt­lage hinaus. Der Deckel 1 fällt durch die auf ihn einwirkende Schwerkraft mit seinem Führelement 24 in Richtung auf den äuße­ren Anschlag 23a in der Führung 23. Der Zeitpunkt des Erreichens dieses Anschlags 23a durch das Führelement 24 ist abhängig von der Winkelgeschwindigkeit des dieser Deckeldrehungen nachlaufen­den Steuerhebels 11 im Gelenk 15, d. h. im Anlenkpunkt von Steu­erhebel 11 und Steuerhebelstange 16, da mit der Variation der Winkelgeschwindigkeit des Gelenkes 15 die Stellung des Anschlages 23a in Bezug zur Stellung des Führelementes 24 des Deckels 1 festlegbar ist. Falls das Führelement 24 den äußeren Anschlag 23a erreicht, bevor der Deckel 1 am Domhals 26 aufliegt, ist ein Abfangen bzw. Dämpfen der Deckelbewegung über die Steuer­hebelstange 16 bzw. letztendlich durch das Stellmittel 3, bei­spielsweise ein Arbeitszylinder, gegeben. In der Endlage des Gestänges 2 liegt das Führelement 24 des Deckels 1 am inneren Anschlag 23b der Führung 23 an.The control lever 11 engages when it rotates about its pivot point in bearing 14 at its other end in the joint 15 on the cover 1 and rotates it beyond its approximately vertical center of gravity position. The cover 1 falls due to the force of gravity acting on it with its guide element 24 in the direction of the outer stop 23a in the guide 23. The time at which this stop 23a is reached by the guide element 24 depends on the angular velocity of the control lever 11 following these cover rotations in the joint 15, ie at the articulation point of control lever 11 and control lever rod 16, since with the variation in the angular velocity of the joint 15 the position of the stop 23a in relation to the position of the guide element 24 of the cover 1 is definable. If the guide element 24 reaches the outer stop 23a before the cover 1 rests on the dome neck 26, the cover movement is intercepted or damped via the control lever rod 16 or ultimately by the actuating means 3, for example a working cylinder. In the end position of the linkage 2, the guide element 24 of the cover 1 bears against the inner stop 23b of the guide 23.

Mit dem Verschwenken des Hebeldreiecks 8 und dem Verschwenken des Steuerhebels 11 schwenkt der am Steuerhebel 11 angeordnete Bolzen 12 um das Lager 14. Am Gelenk 17 greift ein Ende der Zug- Druckstange 18 an. Das andere Ende der Zug- Druckstange 18 verschwenkt den Verschlußhaken 19 in Sperrstellung und über­greift den Deckel 1 formschlüssig. Das Stellmittel 3 beauf­schlagt das Gestänge 2 solange, bis das Gestänge 2 mit seinem Steuerhebel 11 und seine Zug- Druckstange 18 eine Übertotpunkt­lage bezüglich des Gelenkes 17 einnimmt. Das Gelenk 17 ist in Sperrstellung unterhalb der Verbindungsgeraden durch das La­ger 14 und das Gelenk 20 angeordnet. Der Verschlußhaken 19 ist so lange gegen Verschweken gesperrt, bis das Gelenk 17 ober­halb der Verbindungsgeraden durch das Lager 14 und das Gelenk 20 angeordnet ist. Kräfte auf den Verschlußhaken 19, hervorge­rufen durch den mit Innendruck beaufschlagten Deckel 1, können, wie bekannt, durch zweckmäßig selbsthemmend wirkende Anordnung und Ausbildung der Anlageflächen, zwischen dem Verschlußhaken 19 und Deckel 1, d. h. durch Erzeugung einer Übertotpunktlage des Verschlußhakens 19 im Sinne einer Verstärkung der Schließkräfte, ebenfalls genutzt werden. Durch einen am Maul des Verschlußhakens 19 angeordneten Exzenter 25 ist der An­griffspunkt des Verschlußhakens 19 am Deckel 1 höhenverstell­bar, wodurch die Anpreßkraft des Deckels 1 auf den Domhals 26 einstellbar wird.With the pivoting of the lever triangle 8 and the pivoting of the control lever 11, the bolt 12 arranged on the control lever 11 pivots about the bearing 14. At the joint 17, one end of the pull-push rod 18 engages. The other end of the push-pull rod 18 pivots the locking hook 19 into the locked position and engages over the cover 1 in a form-fitting manner. The actuating means 3 acts on the linkage 2 until the linkage 2 with its control lever 11 and its push-pull rod 18 assumes an over-center position with respect to the joint 17. The joint 17 is arranged in the locked position below the connecting straight line through the bearing 14 and the joint 20. The locking hook 19 is locked against conspiracy until the joint 17 is arranged above the connecting straight line through the bearing 14 and the joint 20. Forces on the locking hook 19, caused by the cover 1 pressurized with internal pressure, can, as is known, by expediently self-locking arrangement and design of the contact surfaces between the locking hook 19 and cover 1, ie by creating an over-center position of the locking hook 19 in the sense of a reinforcement of the clamping forces can also be used. Through one on the mouth of the locking hook 19 arranged eccentric 25, the point of application of the locking hook 19 on the cover 1 is adjustable in height, whereby the contact pressure of the cover 1 on the dome neck 26 is adjustable.

Zum Öffnen des Deckels 1 verschwenkt das Stellmittel 3 über das Hebeldreieck 8 den Steuerhebel 11 im Drehsinn des zu öff­nenden Deckels 1. Das am Steuerhebel 11 angeordnete Gelenk 17 wird aus seiner Übertotpunktlage verschwenkt, wobei die am Ge­lenk 17 angeordnete Zug- Druckstange 18 den Verschlußhaken 19 entriegelt und den Deckel 1 freigibt. Dieser Entriegelungsvor­gang ist immer abgeschlossen, bevor der Deckel 1 angehoben wird. Während des Entriegelungsvorganges des Verschlußhakens 19 gleitet deswegen das Führelement 24 in der Führung 23 vom inneren Anschlag 23b zum äußeren Anschlag 23a. Ein weiteres Verschwenken des Steuerhebels 11 schwenkt über den äußeren Anschlag 23a den Deckel 1 über seine Gleichgewichtslage hinaus. Durch Schwerkraft fällt der Deckel 1 in seine Endlage "geöffnet"To open the cover 1, the actuating means 3 pivots the control lever 11 in the direction of rotation of the cover 1 by means of the lever triangle 8. The joint 17 arranged on the control lever 11 is pivoted out of its dead center position, the pull-push rod 18 arranged on the joint 17 opening the locking hook 19 unlocked and the lid 1 releases. This unlocking process is always completed before the cover 1 is lifted. Therefore, during the unlocking process of the locking hook 19, the guide element 24 slides in the guide 23 from the inner stop 23b to the outer stop 23a. A further pivoting of the control lever 11 pivots the cover 1 beyond its equilibrium position via the outer stop 23a. The cover 1 falls into its end position “opened” by gravity

Der Zeitabstand zwischen dem Entriegelungsvorgang und dem An­haben des Deckels 1 kann anstelle mit dem Führelement 24 und der Führung 23, d. h. durch Verschiebung eines Bolzens in einem Langloch, auch durch eine am Ende der Steuerhebelstange 16 angeordnete Gelenkschere verwirklicht werden, die erst nach der vollständigen Entriegelung des Verschlußhakens 19 in Sperr­stellung gebracht wird und den Deckel 1 anhebt.The time interval between the unlocking process and the application of the cover 1 can instead of with the guide element 24 and the guide 23, d. H. by moving a bolt in an elongated hole, also by means of a pair of scissors arranged at the end of the control lever rod 16, which is only brought into the locking position after the complete release of the locking hook 19 and lifts the cover 1.

Es ist eine weitere nicht dargestellte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Verschlußeinrichtung ausbildbar, in der das Stellmittel 3 unter Fortlassung des variable Hebelverhältnisse ermöglichendes Hebeldreiecks 8 dirket am Steuerhebel 11 angreift. In dieser Ausführungsform ist allerdings zur Betätigung des Dek­kels 1 ein erheblich längerer Stellweg des Stellmittels 3 zu verwirklichen oder ein anderes Getriebe vorzusehen.It is another embodiment of the Locking device according to the invention can be configured, in which the actuating means 3 acts directly on the control lever 11 while leaving the lever triangle 8 which enables variable lever ratios. In this embodiment, however, to actuate the cover 1, a considerably longer adjustment path of the adjusting means 3 is to be realized or a different gear is to be provided.

Bei abgeschaltetem oder nicht funktionsfähigem Stellmittel 3 bleibt der Deckel 1 bedienbar, indem die Bewegung des Steuer­hebels 11 manuell ausführbar ist. Zum Öffnen des Deckels 1 ist das Gelenk 17 aus seiner Übertotpunktlage mittels einfacher Hilfsmittel, beispielsweise einer Stange, auszuhebeln. Die Schließbewegung des Deckels 1 und das Verbringen der Verschluß­haken 19 in Sperrstellung erfolgt durch manuelles Verschwenken des Deckels 1 und Verschwenken des Steuerhebels 11.When the actuating means 3 is switched off or inoperative, the cover 1 can still be operated by manually moving the control lever 11. To open the cover 1, the joint 17 is to be levered out of its over-center position using simple tools, for example a rod. The closing movement of the cover 1 and the placing of the locking hooks 19 in the locked position is carried out by manually pivoting the cover 1 and pivoting the control lever 11.

Claims (9)

1. Verschlußeinrichtung für Lade- oder Entladeöffnungen in Trans­portkesseln, insbesondere für schienengebundene Schüttgut­und Kesselwagen mit fernbedienbaren Stellmitteln für schwenk­bare Deckel, die mittels Gestänge betätigt und gesichert wer­den und deren Verschlußlage durch Übertotpunktlage von Gestän­geteilen gesperrt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Steuer­hebel (11) als Bestandteil des Gestänges (2) über eine an sein­nem einen Ende im Gelenk (15) angeordnete Steuerhebelstange (16) die Schwenkbewegung des durch die Steuerhebelstange (16) geführten Deckels (1) mindestens über die Gleichgewichtslage hinaus erzeugt und daß der Steuerhebel (11) gleichzeitig eine in einem Gelenk (17) zwischen der kesselseitigen Abstützung des Steuerhebels (11) im Lager (14) und dem Gelenk (15) angeord­nete, angelenkte Zug- Druckstange (18) für die Betätigung ei­nes Verriegelungshakens (19) steuert, wobei die Zug- Druck-­stange (18) den Verriegelungshaken (19) vor dem Aufschwenken des geschlossenen Deckels (1) entriegelt und wobei die Zug- Druckstange (18) den Verriegelungshaken (19) nach dem Zuschwen­ken des Deckels (1) verriegelt.1. Locking device for loading or unloading openings in transport tanks, in particular for rail-bound bulk goods and tank wagons with remote-controlled positioning means for pivotable lids, which are actuated and secured by means of rods and whose locking position is blocked by the dead center position of rod parts, characterized in that a control lever (11) as Part of the linkage (2) via a control lever rod (16) arranged at its one end in the joint (15) generates the pivoting movement of the cover (1) guided by the control lever rod (16) at least beyond the equilibrium position and that the control lever (11) simultaneously an articulated pull-push rod (18) arranged in a joint (17) between the boiler-side support of the control lever (11) in the bearing (14) and the joint (15) controls the actuation of a locking hook (19), the pull Push rod (18) the locking hook (19) before opening the closed Unlocks cover (1) and the pull-push rod (18) locks the locking hook (19) after the cover (1) has been swung shut. 2. Verschlußeinrichtung für Öffnungen in Transportkesseln nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Steuerhebel (11) den Verriegelungshaken (19) gleichzeitig mit dem Betätigen der Steuerhebelstange (16) anzusteuern beginnt.2. Closure device for openings in transport tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that the control lever (11) the locking hook (19) starts to operate simultaneously with the actuation of the control lever rod (16). 3. Verschlußeinrichtung für Öffnungen in Transportkesseln nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Stellmittel (3) und dem Steuerhebel (11) ein Hebeldreieck (8) gelenkig angeordnet ist, das den erforderlichen Stell­weg des Stellmittels (3) zum Schwenken des Deckels (1) über die Gleichgewichtslagen übersetzt.3. Closure device for openings in transport tanks according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the adjusting means (3) and the control lever (11) a lever triangle (8) is articulated, which the required travel of the adjusting means (3) for pivoting the Cover (1) translated over the equilibrium positions. 4. Verschlußeinrichtung für Öffnungen in Transportkesseln nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Hebeldreieck (8) an einer Ecke schwenkbar im Lager (10) abstützt und sich von seiner gegenüberliegenden Ecke ein Langloch (7) in Rich­tung auf das Lager (10) erstreckt, in dem der Steuerhebel (11) mittels Bolzen (12) geführt ist und daß an die dritte Ecke das Stellmittel (3) angreift.4. Closing device for openings in transport tanks according to claim 3, characterized in that the lever triangle (8) is pivotally supported at one corner in the bearing (10) and from its opposite corner an elongated hole (7) towards the bearing (10) extends in which the control lever (11) is guided by means of bolts (12) and that the adjusting means (3) acts on the third corner. 5. Verschlußeinrichtung für Öffnungen in Transportkesseln nach mindestens einem der vorhergenannten Ansprüche 1 - 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gestänge (2) paarig ausgebildet und spiegelsymmetrisch zur Längsachse der Verschlußeinrichtung an­geordnet ist, wobei eine quer zur Fahrzeuglängsachse angeord­nete Traverse (4) durch das Stellmittel (3) betätigt wird und das Gestänge (2) ansteuert.5. Closure device for openings in transport tanks according to at least one of the preceding claims 1-4, characterized in that the linkage (2) is formed in pairs and is arranged mirror-symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the closure device, with a cross member arranged transversely to the vehicle longitudinal axis (4) by the actuating means (3) is actuated and controls the linkage (2). 6. Verschlußeinrichtung für Öffnungen in Transportkesseln nach mindestens einem der vorhergenannten Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zug- Druckstange (18) den Verriege­lungshaken (19) nach einem Zuschwenken des Deckels (1) ver­riegelt und dabei eine Übertotpunktlage bezüglich einer kraft­einleitung in Längsrichtung der Zug- Druckstange (18) in Rich­tung des Gelenkes (17) einimmt.6. Closure device for openings in transport tanks according to at least one of the preceding claims 1-5, characterized characterized in that the pull-push rod (18) locks the locking hook (19) after the cover (1) has been swung shut and thereby assumes an over-center position with respect to the introduction of force in the longitudinal direction of the pull-push rod (18) in the direction of the joint (17). 7. Verschlußeinrichtung für Öffnungen in Transportkesseln nach mindestens einem der vorhergenannten Ansprüche 1 - 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Steuerhebel (11) nach Verriegelung des Deckels (1) eine Übertotpunktlage bezüglich einer Krafteinlei­tung in Längsrichtung der Zug- Druckstange (18) in Richtung auf das Gelenk (17) einnimmt.7. Closing device for openings in transport tanks according to at least one of the preceding claims 1-6, characterized in that the control lever (11) after locking the cover (1) an over dead center position with respect to the introduction of force in the longitudinal direction of the pull-push rod (18) in the direction the joint (17) occupies. 8. Verschlußeinrichtung für Öffnungen in Transportkesseln nach mindestens einem der vorhergenannten Ansprüche 1 - 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verschlußhaken (19) in Verriegelungs­stellung bezüglich einer Krafteinleitung aus dem Deckel (1) eine Übertotpunktlage einnimmt.8. Locking device for openings in transport tanks according to at least one of the preceding claims 1-7, characterized in that the locking hook (19) assumes an over-center position in the locking position with respect to the introduction of force from the cover (1). 9. Verschlußeinrichtung für Öffnungen in Transportkesseln nach mindestens einem der vorhergenannten Ansprüche 1 - 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Maul des Verschlußhakens ein Exzenter (25) angebracht ist, der den Abstand zwischen Gelenk (21) und dem Angriffspunkt des Verschlußhaken (19) am Deckel (1) einstell­bar ausbildet.9. Closure device for openings in transport tanks according to at least one of the preceding claims 1-8, characterized in that an eccentric (25) is attached to the mouth of the locking hook, the distance between the joint (21) and the point of application of the locking hook (19) on Lid (1) is adjustable.
EP87111616A 1986-08-16 1987-08-11 Closing device for loading or unloading openings of transport tanks, especially for tank or hopper vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0260436B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87111616T ATE62634T1 (en) 1986-08-16 1987-08-11 CLOSING DEVICE FOR LOADING OR UNLOADING OPENINGS IN TRANSPORT BOILER, PARTICULARLY FOR RAIL-MOUNTED BOILER AND BULK CARRIAGES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3627871 1986-08-16
DE19863627871 DE3627871A1 (en) 1986-08-16 1986-08-16 LOCKING DEVICE FOR LOADING OR UNLOADING OPENINGS IN TRANSPORT BOILERS, ESPECIALLY FOR RAIL-MOUNTED BOILER AND BOWL WAGONS

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0260436A2 true EP0260436A2 (en) 1988-03-23
EP0260436A3 EP0260436A3 (en) 1988-10-05
EP0260436B1 EP0260436B1 (en) 1991-04-17

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ID=6307565

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87111616A Expired - Lifetime EP0260436B1 (en) 1986-08-16 1987-08-11 Closing device for loading or unloading openings of transport tanks, especially for tank or hopper vehicles

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0260436B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE62634T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3627871A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2300671A (en) * 1995-05-09 1996-11-13 Daimler Benz Ag A drive for unlocking and moving a vehicle part
CN101973421A (en) * 2010-09-30 2011-02-16 张家港市益成机械有限公司 Mounting structure of upper cover in dip coating barrel
DE102013219233A1 (en) 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 Waggonbau Graaff Gmbh Quick-release lid for a dome
DE102016003038B3 (en) * 2016-03-14 2017-05-11 Waggonbau Graaff Gmbh Schnellverschlussdom
CN108584195A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-09-28 浙江山丰智能科技股份有限公司 A kind of automatic open-close manhole cover and its application method
EP3492406A1 (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-05 Grifols Worldwide Operations Limited Device for opening and closing container lids, container

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DE4240382C2 (en) * 1993-04-28 1996-06-27 Helmut G Scholl Maschinen Und Butterfly valve
DE4315505C2 (en) * 1993-05-10 1998-09-17 Aicher Max Entsorgungstechnik Device for opening a lid, especially for a lying garbage container
CN105127938B (en) * 2015-10-09 2018-01-19 湖南万通科技股份有限公司 A kind of hood-opening device
CN108584196B (en) * 2018-07-12 2023-12-12 安徽星马专用汽车有限公司 Powder tank car and manhole cover thereof

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GB2083160A (en) * 1981-08-28 1982-03-17 Rigg Brothers Tools Ltd A man lid for a fluid container
GB2134060A (en) * 1983-01-27 1984-08-08 Sp K Byuro Transprogress A pneumatic conveyer gate
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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2300671A (en) * 1995-05-09 1996-11-13 Daimler Benz Ag A drive for unlocking and moving a vehicle part
US5655331A (en) * 1995-05-09 1997-08-12 Mercedes-Benz Ag Drive system for moving a lockable vehicle part
GB2300671B (en) * 1995-05-09 1998-02-11 Daimler Benz Ag Drive arrangement for moving a lockable vehicle part
CN101973421A (en) * 2010-09-30 2011-02-16 张家港市益成机械有限公司 Mounting structure of upper cover in dip coating barrel
DE102013219233A1 (en) 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 Waggonbau Graaff Gmbh Quick-release lid for a dome
EP2853782A1 (en) 2013-09-25 2015-04-01 Waggonbau Graaff GmbH Quick fastening cover for a dome
DE102016003038B3 (en) * 2016-03-14 2017-05-11 Waggonbau Graaff Gmbh Schnellverschlussdom
EP3492406A1 (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-05 Grifols Worldwide Operations Limited Device for opening and closing container lids, container
CN109867017A (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-11 基立福环球运营有限公司 The equipment for being used to open and being closed container cover
JP2019099274A (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-24 グリフォルス・ワールドワイド・オペレーションズ・リミテッド Device for opening/closing lid of container
US10836570B2 (en) 2017-12-01 2020-11-17 Grifols Worldwide Operations Limited Device for opening and closing container lids
CN109867017B (en) * 2017-12-01 2022-03-25 基立福环球运营有限公司 Device for opening and closing a container lid
RU2769205C2 (en) * 2017-12-01 2022-03-29 Грифольс Уорлдуайд Оперейшнс Лимитед Apparatus for opening and closing container lids
IL262520B1 (en) * 2017-12-01 2023-03-01 Grifols Worldwide Operations Ltd Device for opening and closing container lids
IL262520B2 (en) * 2017-12-01 2023-07-01 Grifols Worldwide Operations Ltd Device for opening and closing container lids
CN108584195A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-09-28 浙江山丰智能科技股份有限公司 A kind of automatic open-close manhole cover and its application method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3627871C2 (en) 1989-10-12
DE3769415D1 (en) 1991-05-23
EP0260436A3 (en) 1988-10-05
EP0260436B1 (en) 1991-04-17
DE3627871A1 (en) 1988-02-18
ATE62634T1 (en) 1991-05-15

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