Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D309/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings
  • C07D309/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
  • C07D309/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D309/30—Oxygen atoms, e.g. delta-lactones

Definitions

• This invention relates to optically active ⁇ -amino acid derivatives and their salts, and in particular to novel, optically active (2R, 3R, 4S, 5R)-3-amino-2,5-­dimethyl-5-pentanolide-4-carboxylic acid derivatives and their salts and processes for producing the same.
• Carbapenem antibiotics such as Thienamycin, PS-5, etc. are increasingly attracting a great deal of attention because of their potent antimicrobial activity.
• these compounds suffer from some serious defects, for example, that they are chemically unstable and, after in vivo administration, develop nephrotoxicity through breakdown in the kidney.
• optically active compounds of the general formula I being provided with every chiralities of 1 ⁇ -methylcarbapenem compounds can be synthesized with ease, and the finding has resulted in the completion of this invention.
• These compounds permit important intermediates for the synthesis of 1 ⁇ -methylcarbapenem derivatives to be produced in an extremely efficient way.
• the compound (11), which is prepared as described in Example 15, is an important intermediate from which is obtained the antibacterial agent, (-)-(1R,5S, 6S)-6-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-1-methyl-2-(2-N,N-dimethylamino-­2-iminoethylthio)-1-carbapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acid by the method described in the above-mentioned literature.
• the whole reaction pathway in accordance with this invention is as follows.
• R1, R2 and R3 preferably represent hydrogen; straight-chain, branched or cyclic C 1-10 alkyl groups, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, heptyl, cyclohexyl, etc.; aralkyl groups, for example, benzyl, phenethyl, etc.; and aryl groups, for example, phenyl, B-naphthyl, etc.
• hydrocarbon groups may have suitable substituents, for example, carboxyl; alkoxycarbonyl, exemplified by methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, etc.; amino; alkyl-substituted amino, exemplified by methylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino, etc.; hydroxyl; alkoxy, exemplified by methoxy, ethoxy, etc.; alkyisilyl, exemplified by trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, etc.; acyloxy, exemplified by acetyloxy, propionyloxy, etc.; halogens, exemplified by chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.; carbamoyl; mercapto; nitrile; nitro, etc., unless they cause adverse effects on the reaction.
• substituents for example, carboxyl; alkoxycarbonyl, exempl
• R4 is a residual group derived from an alcohol which is to be used in the alcoholysis of the compound (9), and such a group includes alkyl optionally substituted by halogen(s), such a methyl, ethyl and trichloro-ethyl; and aralkyl, such as benzyl, with their numbers of carbon atoms being preferably in the range of 1 to 10.
• optically active ⁇ -amino acid derivatives of the following formula: wherein COOR1 is an esterified or unesterified carboxyl group; R5 is hydrogen of a C 1-10 acyl or esterified carboxyl group and their salts.
• This invention comprehends the compounds (8) and (9) in the reaction pathway as illustrated above.
• salts of the compounds of the present invention when R1 is H, sodium and potassium salts may be obtained, and when R5 is H, hydrochlorides and sulfates may be obtained, for instance.
• the invention also constitutes a process for producing optically active ⁇ -amino acid derivatives of the formula: wherein COOR1 and R5 are as defined hereinbefore and their salts, characterized in that said process comprises treating a compound of the following formula: wherein COOR1 and R2 are defined hereinbefore; SR3 is a protected or unprotected mercapto group, with an acid to give a compound of the following formula: wherein COOR1 and R2 are as defined hereinbefore, and allowing a base to act on the same to give a compound of the following formula: wherein COOR1, R2 and SR3 are as defined hereinbefore, through inversion of a substituent configuration in the 5 position followed by reaction with an inorganic salt or halogenating agent.
• the conversion of (3) to (5) usually is carried out by treating the former with one hundredth to twice as much of an acid, such a sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid, in such a solvent as dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform, benzene, ethyl acetate, ether and THF at a temperature ranging from 0°C to 50°C.
• an acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid
• the conversion of (5) to (7) usually is carried out by treating the former in a solvent, such as lower alcohols being exemplified by methanol, ethanol, and t-butanol, aqueous acetone, acetonitrile and THF, in the presence of such a base as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methylate, sodium ethylate and potassium t-butoxide at a temperature ranging from 25°C to 100°C for 10 minutes to 24 hours.
• a solvent such as lower alcohols being exemplified by methanol, ethanol, and t-butanol, aqueous acetone, acetonitrile and THF
• the conversion of (7) to (8) usually is conducted by means of the methods (for example, the method described in Greene; “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis", pp. 129-139) conventionally employed for the conversion of dithio­acetal to carbonyl compounds.
• the conversion is carried out by treatment with a combination of inorganic salts, such a CuCl2 and CuO, AgNO3 and Ag2O and HgCl2 and HgO, or a halogenating agent, such as bromine, N-bromo­succinimide, N-chlorosuccinimide and 1,3-dibromo-5,5-­ dimethylhydantoin, in such a solvent as acetone, acetonitrile, THF and alcohols being exemplified by methanol, after being admixed with a small amount to 70 % of water, at a temperature ranging from 0°C to 100°C for 5 minutes to 24 hours.
• inorganic salts such as CuCl2 and CuO, AgNO3 and Ag2O and HgCl2 and HgO
• a halogenating agent such as bromine, N-bromo­succinimide, N-chlorosuccinimide and 1,3-d
• the conversion of (8) to (9) is carried out by treating the former with an acid such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid in an aqueous solution at a temperature ranging from 20°C to 100°C for 1 to 48 hours.
• an acid such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid in an aqueous solution at a temperature ranging from 20°C to 100°C for 1 to 48 hours.
• (1) and (2) are converted to (3) and (4), for example, by the following procedure; namely, (R)-3-hydroxy­butyrate (1) (wherein ester moiety R1 is as defined herein­before) is treated with twice to 2.5 times as much of a lithium introducing agent, such as lithium diisopropylamide, lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, lithium N-t-butylcyclo­hexylamide and lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide, in a dried solvent, such as ether, THF, 1,2-dimethoxyethane and dioxane at a temperature ranging from -78°C to 0°C for 10 minutes to 5 hours, followed by treatment at a temperature ranging from -78°C to 0°C for 10 minutes to 5 hours with a solution in the same solvent as used in the reaction, e.g. THF, of one equivalent of the compound (2) (wherein R2 and R3 are as defined hereinbefore) as prepared by the method to be described below.
• the product is a mixture consisting of two kinds of the isomers, (3) and (4), and these two compound can be separated by column chromatography. Since the desirable isomer alone can be readily separated and purified in the subsequent step for the production of (7) or (8), however, (3) and (4) can be employed in the form of a mixture without being separated in the following step.
• the compound (2) can be produced from (12) via (13) and (14) in three steps.
• the conversion of (12) to (13) is carried out by treating the compound (12) (wherein R3 is as defined hereinbefore) with once to 1.2 times as much of a lithium introducing agent, such a n-butyl­lithium and lithium diisopropylamide, in a dried solvent, such as ether and THF, at a temperature ranging from -78°C to 30°C for 1 to 48 hours, followed by treatment with once to 1.5 times as much of pyruvic aldehyde acetal of Ch3CO­CH(OR6)2 [wherein R6 is an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms] at a temperature ranging from -78°C to 30°C for 1 to 48 hours.
• a lithium introducing agent such as n-butyl­lithium and lithium diisopropylamide
• the conversion of (13) to (14) usually is conducted by treatment in a solvent, such as alcohols with a water content of 1 to 80 % being exemplified by methanol and ethanol, acetone, THF and dioxane, in the presence of such an acid as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and p-­toluenesulfonic acid at a temperature ranging from 0°C to 60°C for 10 minutes to 48 hours.
• a solvent such as alcohols with a water content of 1 to 80 % being exemplified by methanol and ethanol, acetone, THF and dioxane
• the conversion can be performed by dissolving the compound (13) in a solvent, such as dichloromethane, chloroform, benzene, ethyl acetate and ether, followed by stirring with a 1 to 60 % aqueous solution of the above-described acid at 0°C to room temperature for 10 minutes to 48 hours.
• a solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform, benzene, ethyl acetate and ether
• the conversion of (14) to (2) usually is carried out by treating hexamethyldisilazane and n-butyllithium in such a solvent as ether, THF, hexane and pentane at a temperature ranging from -78°C to 25°C for 10 minutes to 24 hours in accordance with the conventional method, then treating the thus-prepared solution of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide with one equivalent of (14) at a temperature ranging from -78°C to 30°C for 10 minutes to 24 hours and then stirring with once to twice as much of chlorotrimethylsilane admixed at a temperature ranging from -78°C to 40°C for 30 minutes to 48 hours, followed by treatment with once to twice as much of R2COCl [wherein R2 is as defined hereinbefore] at a temperature from -78°C to 30°C for 10 minutes to 48 hours.
• the desired (2) can be obtained by utilizing twice to three times as much of R2OCOCl without adding the above mentioned chlorotrimethylsilane.
• the conversion of (9) to (10) usually is carried out by treating the former with an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, benzyl alcohol, phenol and 2,2,2-trichloroethanol at a temperature ranging from 20°C to 100°C for 1 to 24 hours.
• an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, benzyl alcohol, phenol and 2,2,2-trichloroethanol
• Esterified portion R4 in the compound (10) may be the same one as in the alcohol R4OH used in the conversion of (9) to (10).
• the conversion of (10) to (11) usually is carried out by treating the former with dicyclohexylcarbodiimido (DCC) in the presence of a base such a triethylamine, pyridine, dimethylaniline and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, or an oxide such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in a solvent such as alcohol being exemplified by methanol and ethanol, or acetonitrile at a temperature ranging from 20°C to 100°C.
• DCC dicyclohexylcarbodiimido

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

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• 1987
  • 1987-09-01 US US07/091,832 patent/US4837343A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-09-07 ES ES87307889T patent/ES2051741T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-09-07 EP EP87307889A patent/EP0260092B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-09-07 DE DE8787307889T patent/DE3780730T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

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