EP0259313B1 - Centrifugal pump casing - Google Patents
Centrifugal pump casing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0259313B1 EP0259313B1 EP86902795A EP86902795A EP0259313B1 EP 0259313 B1 EP0259313 B1 EP 0259313B1 EP 86902795 A EP86902795 A EP 86902795A EP 86902795 A EP86902795 A EP 86902795A EP 0259313 B1 EP0259313 B1 EP 0259313B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flange
- pump
- casing
- centrifugal pump
- pump intake
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/426—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
- F04D29/4266—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps made of sheet metal
Definitions
- the invention relates to a centrifugal pump housing according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Centrifugal pump housings of this type are firstly loaded by external pipeline forces and secondly they are subjected to high internal pressures.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a shape for a centrifugal pump housing designed as a sheet metal construction which remains stable under the influence of high internal pressures. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing part of the main claim.
- the inventive integration of the suction-side connection flange into the housing shell results in a spherical or arcuate course of the pressure-receiving housing between the pressure-side fastening flange and the connection point of the suction line. This creates a housing that is highly protected against deformation.
- the bead-like free spaces that are necessary for the assembly of the flange connection screws require a further additional stiffening of the housing shell.
- An embodiment of the invention provides that the bead-like free spaces are provided with disk-shaped counter bearings in the area of the suction-side connecting flange. This embodiment is used in those cases in which the nuts of the flange screw connections are arranged in these bead-shaped free spaces. Because of the counter bearing, the flanges of the suction line to be connected and the suction socket integrated in the housing shell can then be connected to one another.
- a separate ring flange is connected to the housing shell in the area of the suction-side connecting flange.
- the housing shell here has a shoulder on which an annular flange lies flush and is firmly connected to the housing shell.
- This ring flange which can also be designed as an individual part made of sheet metal, brings about a further stiffening of the housing shell.
- a further embodiment of the invention provides that the housing shell is provided with an insert which forms the suction nozzle and which provides a gap seal with the impeller.
- This insert which can be inserted into the housing shell from the pressure side, for example, can be produced as a simple tubular part. Depending on its design, it can interact directly with the suction mouth of the impeller and thus form a gap seal, or it can accommodate an appropriately shaped split ring that interacts with the suction mouth of the impeller.
- the housing shell is provided with a one-part or multi-part insert which forms the suction nozzle and / or the wheel side space on the suction side.
- This measure can serve to improve the hydraulic properties within the housing shell, on the other hand it also offers the possibility of further stiffening the housing shell.
- a further embodiment of the invention works, according to which stiffening means are arranged within the housing between the suction nozzle and the space surrounding the suction nozzle.
- These can be appropriately designed sheet metal parts which, for example, extend between the split ring area and the bead-like free spaces.
- the space inside the housing shell and surrounding the suction nozzle can just as well be filled with appropriate potting materials.
- These can be of a metallic type, but it is also possible to use appropriate plastics.
- a housing shell which is provided with an annular flange.
- the housing shell 1 is provided on the pressure side with a mounting flange 2, which ensures the connection of the housing shell with a bearing block or block motor, not shown.
- a stylized representation of an impeller 3 in radial design is shown within the housing shell.
- the housing shell 1 extends from the pressure-side mounting flange 2 in an approximately arc shape to the suction-side connection flange 4. This is formed by a sealing surface 5, above which beads-like free spaces 6 are stamped into the housing shell, which in this exemplary embodiment for receiving nuts 7 for not shown in detail Flange screws are provided.
- the free spaces have a size that allows the nuts 7 to be held with an appropriate tool.
- a disk-shaped counter bearing 8 is welded into each free space 6 in the area of the nuts 7.
- the suction nozzle 9 arranged due to this type of construction within the housing shell 1 is provided with a split ring 10 into which the suction mouth of the impeller 3 is immersed.
- the housing shell 1, including the flange sealing surface 5, is designed as a one-piece sheet metal part.
- FIG. 2 has a suction nozzle 9 which, in order to improve the hydraulic properties within the pressure chamber 11, is made in one piece with an insert 12 that reduces the wheel side chamber on the suction side is trained.
- This insert can be inserted into the housing from the pressure side without difficulty and can be connected to the housing shell 1 on the outer and inner circumference by weld seams 13, 14. Appropriate spot welds are also conceivable.
- FIG. 3 shows a front view of the housing shell designed according to the invention and shows how the disk-shaped counter bearing 8 closes the bead-like free spaces 6 in the area of the fastening nuts 7.
- Fig. 4 shows a housing shell 1, in which the suction-side connection flange is formed by a separate ring flange 15 which lies flush with the rear surface of the housing shell 1.
- the nuts 7 shown here lie in the bead-like free spaces 6.
- the ring flange 15 can be firmly connected to the housing shell 1 by a circumferential weld seam 17 or appropriately attached spot welds. Depending on the material thickness, additional stiffening of the entire housing is achieved.
- the suction nozzle 9 is in turn designed as a simple tubular individual part provided with a split ring.
- FIG. 5 shows a variant which deviates from FIG. 4 and which, like FIG. 2, has as its object an insert 12 which reduces the wheel-side space and which is formed in one piece with the suction nozzle 9.
- an insert 12 which reduces the wheel-side space and which is formed in one piece with the suction nozzle 9.
- additional stiffening means can be support elements (not shown here) which connect the area of the bead-like free spaces 6 located within the housing shell 1 to the area of the split ring 10. Filling with a correspondingly rigid casting compound, which improves the compressive strength of the housing, can just as well be.
- this housing is extremely resistant to pressure loads both from the inside and from the outside.
- FIG. 6 again shows a front view of the housing shell 1 corresponding to FIG. 3, from which it can be seen how the ring flange 15 acts in the area of the bead-like free spaces 6 as a counter bearing for the nuts 7. infoige of the flush contact of the ring flange 15 on the housing shell 1, the ring flange 15 is thus a supporting part of the housing.
- the arcuate course of the housing shell 1, which is also spherical, conical or, as shown in the exemplary embodiments, from a combination thereof, has a very high strength against the possible pressure forces that occur.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kreiselpumpengehäuse gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a centrifugal pump housing according to the preamble of
Derartige Kreiselpumpengehäuse werden zum einen durch äußere Rohrleitungskräfte belastet und zum anderen sind sie hohen Innendrücken unterworfen. Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, für ein als Blechkonstruktion ausgebildetes Kreiselpumpengehäuse eine Form zu entwickeln, die unter dem Einfluß hoher Innendrücke stabil bleibt. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Hauptanspruches. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Integration des saugseitigen Anschlußflansches in die Gehäuseschale ergibt sich zwischen dem druckseitigen Befestigungsflansch und dem Anschlußpunkt der Saugleitung ein kugel- oder bogenförmiger Verlauf des druckaufnehmenden Gehäuses. Dadurch wird ein gegen Verformungen stark geschütztes Gehäuse erzeugt. Die sickenartigen Freiräume, die für die Montage der Flanschverbindungsschrauben notwendig sind, bedingen eine weitere zusätzliche Versteifung der Gehäuseschale.Centrifugal pump housings of this type are firstly loaded by external pipeline forces and secondly they are subjected to high internal pressures. The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a shape for a centrifugal pump housing designed as a sheet metal construction which remains stable under the influence of high internal pressures. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing part of the main claim. The inventive integration of the suction-side connection flange into the housing shell results in a spherical or arcuate course of the pressure-receiving housing between the pressure-side fastening flange and the connection point of the suction line. This creates a housing that is highly protected against deformation. The bead-like free spaces that are necessary for the assembly of the flange connection screws require a further additional stiffening of the housing shell.
Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß im Bereich des saugseitigen Anschlußflansches die sickenartigen Freiräume mit scheibenförmigen Gegenlagern versehen sind. Diese Ausführungsform findet in denjenigen Fällen Anwendung, in denen die Muttern der Flanschverschraubungen in diesen sickenförmigen Freiräumen angeordnet werden. Aufgrund der Gegenlager können dann die zu verbindenden Flansche der Saugleitung und des in die Gehäuseschale integrierten Saugstutzens miteinander verbunden werden.An embodiment of the invention provides that the bead-like free spaces are provided with disk-shaped counter bearings in the area of the suction-side connecting flange. This embodiment is used in those cases in which the nuts of the flange screw connections are arranged in these bead-shaped free spaces. Because of the counter bearing, the flanges of the suction line to be connected and the suction socket integrated in the housing shell can then be connected to one another.
Eine andere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß im Bereich des saugseitigen Anschlußflansches ein separater Ringflansch mit der Gehäuseschale verbunden ist. Die Gehäuseschale weist hier neben den sickenartigen Freiräumen für die Flanschverschraubung einen Absatz auf, an dem ein Ringflansch bündig anliegt und mit der Gehäuseschale fest verbunden ist. Dieser Ringflansch, der ebenfalls als ein aus Blech bestehendes Einzelteil ausgebildet sein kann, bewirkt eine weitere Versteifung der Gehäuseschale.Another embodiment of the invention provides that a separate ring flange is connected to the housing shell in the area of the suction-side connecting flange. In addition to the bead-like free spaces for the flange screw connection, the housing shell here has a shoulder on which an annular flange lies flush and is firmly connected to the housing shell. This ring flange, which can also be designed as an individual part made of sheet metal, brings about a further stiffening of the housing shell.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Gehäuseschale mit einem den Saugstutzen bildenden und mit dem Laufrad eine Spaltdichtung bewirkenden Einsatz versehen ist. Dieser Einsatz, der beispielsweise von der Druckseite in die Gehäuseschale eingeführt werden kann, läßt sich als einfaches rohrförmiges Teil herstellen. Je nach seiner Ausbildung kann er direkt mit dem Saugmund des Laufrades zusammenwirken und so eine Spaltdichtung bilden oder er nimmt einen entsprechend geformten Spaltring auf, der mit dem Saugmund des Laufrades zusammenwirkt.A further embodiment of the invention provides that the housing shell is provided with an insert which forms the suction nozzle and which provides a gap seal with the impeller. This insert, which can be inserted into the housing shell from the pressure side, for example, can be produced as a simple tubular part. Depending on its design, it can interact directly with the suction mouth of the impeller and thus form a gap seal, or it can accommodate an appropriately shaped split ring that interacts with the suction mouth of the impeller.
Noch eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Gehäuseschale mit einem ein-oder mehrteiligen, den Saugstutzen und/oder den saugseitigen Radseitenraum bildenden Einsatz versehen ist. Diese Maßnahme kann der Verbesserung der hydraulischen Eigenschaften innerhalb der Gehäuseschale dienen, andererseits bietet sie auch die Möglichkeit, eine weitere Versteifung der Gehäuseschale vorzunehmen. In diesem Sinne wirkt eine weitere Ausgestaltung den Erfindung, nach der innerhalb des Gehäuses zwischen dem Saugstutzen und dem den Saugstutzen umgebenden Raum versteifende Mittels angeordnet sind.Yet another embodiment of the invention provides that the housing shell is provided with a one-part or multi-part insert which forms the suction nozzle and / or the wheel side space on the suction side. This measure can serve to improve the hydraulic properties within the housing shell, on the other hand it also offers the possibility of further stiffening the housing shell. In this sense, a further embodiment of the invention works, according to which stiffening means are arranged within the housing between the suction nozzle and the space surrounding the suction nozzle.
Dies können entsprechend ausgebildete Blechformteile sein, welche sich beispielsweise zwischen dem Spaltringbereich und den sickenartigen Freiräumen erstrecken. Genauso gut kann der innerhalb der Gehäuseschale befindliche und den Saugstutzen umgebende Raum mit entsprechenden Vergußstoffen gefüllt werden. Diese können metallischer Art sein, es ist aber auch möglich, entsprechende Kunststoffe Verwendung finden zu lassen.These can be appropriately designed sheet metal parts which, for example, extend between the split ring area and the bead-like free spaces. The space inside the housing shell and surrounding the suction nozzle can just as well be filled with appropriate potting materials. These can be of a metallic type, but it is also possible to use appropriate plastics.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen dieEmbodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below. They show
Fig. 1 bis 3 eine Gehäuseschale, deren sickenartigen Freiräume mit Gegenlagern versehen sind und die1 to 3 a housing shell, the bead-like free spaces are provided with counter bearings and the
Fig. 4 bis 6 eine Gehäuseschale, die mit einem Ringflansch versehen ist.4 to 6, a housing shell which is provided with an annular flange.
Die Gehäuseschale 1 ist druckseitig mit einem Befestigungsflansch 2 versehen, welcher die Verbindung der Gehäuseschale mit einem nicht dargestellten Lagerstuhl oder Blockmotor sicherstellt. Innerhalb der Gehäuseschale ist in stilisierter Darstellung ein Laufrad 3 in radialer Bauart dargestellt. Die Gehäuseschale 1 erstreckt sich vom druckseitigen Befestigungsflansch 2 in etwa bogenförmig bis zum saugseitigen Anschlußflansch 4. Dieser wird von einer Dichtfläche 5 gebildet, oberhalb derer in die Gehäuseschale sickenartige Freiräume 6 eingeprägt sind, welche in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel zur Aufnahme von Muttern 7 für nicht näher dargestellte Flanschschrauben vorgesehen sind. Die Freiräume besitzen eine Größe, die es erlaubt, daß die Muttern 7 mit einem entsprechenden Werkzeug gehalten werden können. Zur Kräfteaufnahme ist in jeden Freiraum 6 im Bereich der Muttern 7 ein scheibenförmiges Gegenlager 8 angeschweißt. Der aufgrund dieser Bauart innerhalb der Gehäuseschale 1 angeordnete Saugstutzen 9 ist mit einem Spaltring 10 versehen, in den der Saugmund des Laufrades 3 eintaucht. Die Gehäuseschale 1 ist in diesem Beispiel einschließlich der Flanschdichtfläche 5 als ein einstückiges Blechformteil ausgebildet.The
Die Fig. 2 weist im Gegensatz zur Fig. 1 einen Saugstutzen 9 auf, der zur Verbesserung der hydraulischen Eigenschaften innerhalb des Druckraumes 11 mit einem den saugseitigen Radseitenraum verkleinernden Einsatz 12 einstückig ausgebildet ist. Dieser Einsatz kann ohne Schwierigkeiten von der Druckseite her in das Gehäuse eingeführt werden und am äußeren und inneren Umfang durch Schweißnähte 13,14 mit der Gehäuseschale 1 verbunden werden. Entsprechend angebrachte Punktschweißungen sind ebenfalls denkbar.In contrast to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 has a
Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine Vorderansicht auf die erfindungsgemäß gestaltete Gehäuseschale und läßt erkennen, wie die scheibenförmigen Gegenlager 8 die sickenartigen Freiräume 6 im Bereich der Befestigungsmuttern 7 verschließen.FIG. 3 shows a front view of the housing shell designed according to the invention and shows how the disk-shaped counter bearing 8 closes the bead-like
Die Fig. 4 zeigt eine Gehäuseschale 1, bei der der saugseitige Anschlußflansch durch einen separaten Ringflansch 15 gebildet wird, der mit seiner rückwärtigen Fläche bündig an der Gehäuseschale 1 anliegt. Im Bereich der Befestigungsbohrungen 16 für die Flanschverschraubung liegen die hier gezeigten Muttern 7 in den sickenartigen Freiräumen 6. Der Ringflansch 15 kann mit der Gehäuseschale 1 durch eine umlaufende Schweißnaht 17 bzw. entsprechend angebrachte Punktschweißungen fest verbunden werden. Je nach Materialstärke wird eine zusätzliche Versteifung des gesamten Gehäuses erlangt. Der Saugstutzen 9 ist wiederum als einfaches rohrförmiges, mit einem Spaltring versehenes Einzelteil ausgebildet.Fig. 4 shows a
Die Fig. 5 zeigt eine von der Fig. 4 abweichende Variante, die ähnlich wie die Fig. 2 einen den Radseitenraum verkleinernden Einsatz 12 zum Gegenstand hat, welcher mit dem Saugstutzen 9 einteilig ausgebildet ist. Zur Versteifung des saugseitigen Bereiches der Gehäuseschale ist es möglich, den Raum 18, der den Saugstutzen 9 umgibt, mit zusätzlichen versteifenden Mitteln zu versehen. Dies können - hier nicht dargestellte - Abstützelemente sein, welche den innerhalb der Gehäuseschale 1 befindlichen Bereich der sickenartigen Freiräume 6 mit dem Bereich des Spaltringes 10 verbinden. Genauso gut kann es auch ein Auffüllen mit einer entsprechend steifen Vergußmasse sein, die die Druckfestigkeit des Gehäuses verbessert. Infolge des bogenförmigen Verlaufes von dem druckseitigen Befestigungsflansch 2 der Gehäuseschale 1 zum Bereich des saugseitigen Anschlußflansches ist dieses Gehäuse gegen Druckbelastung sowohl von Innen als auch von Außen äußerst widerstandsfähig.FIG. 5 shows a variant which deviates from FIG. 4 and which, like FIG. 2, has as its object an
Die Fig. 6 zeigt wiederum eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Vorderansicht der Gehäuseschale 1, aus der ersichtlich ist, wie der Ringflansch 15 im Bereich der sickenartigen Freiräume 6 als Gegenlager für die Muttern 7 wirkt. infoige der bündigen Anlage des Ringflansches 15 an der Gehäuseschale 1, wird der Ringflansch 15 somit zum tragenden Bestandteil des Gehäuses.FIG. 6 again shows a front view of the
Der bogenförmige Verlauf der Gehäuseschale 1, welcher auch kugelförmig, kegelförmig oder wie in den Ausführungsbeispielen gezeigt, aus einer Kombination derselben besteht, besitzt eine sehr hohe Festigkeit gegenüber den möglichen auftretenden Druckkräften.The arcuate course of the
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86902795T ATE39973T1 (en) | 1985-05-17 | 1986-05-09 | CENTRIFUGAL PUMP HOUSING. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3517827 | 1985-05-17 | ||
DE19853517827 DE3517827A1 (en) | 1985-05-17 | 1985-05-17 | CENTRIFUGAL PUMP HOUSING |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0259313A1 EP0259313A1 (en) | 1988-03-16 |
EP0259313B1 true EP0259313B1 (en) | 1989-01-11 |
Family
ID=6271012
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86902795A Expired EP0259313B1 (en) | 1985-05-17 | 1986-05-09 | Centrifugal pump casing |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0259313B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS63500817A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1004645B (en) |
CA (1) | CA1266797A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3517827A1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN165644B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1986006800A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4329019A1 (en) * | 1993-08-28 | 1995-03-02 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Centrifugal pump housing (casing) of sheet metal construction |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE118600T1 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1995-03-15 | Ebara Corp | CONNECTION PIECE FOR PIPES IN A PUMP. |
JP2808838B2 (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1998-10-08 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Centrifugal pump casing |
JP2676450B2 (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1997-11-17 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Sheet metal pump casing |
IT1248200B (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1995-01-05 | Ebara Corp | METAL SHEET CASE FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMP |
DE19838798C2 (en) * | 1998-08-26 | 2002-08-29 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Pump housing made of a sheet metal and process for its manufacture |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2844100A (en) * | 1954-07-06 | 1958-07-22 | Kurt J Heinicke | Sheet metal centrifugal pump |
GB1092533A (en) * | 1964-02-27 | 1967-11-29 | Speedwell Res Ltd | Improvements relating to pump casings |
DK131438B (en) * | 1973-08-31 | 1975-07-14 | Danske Mejeriers Maskinfabrik | Centrifugal pump. |
GB2010434B (en) * | 1977-12-16 | 1982-06-30 | Rolls Royce | Flanged joint structure for composite materials |
-
1985
- 1985-05-17 DE DE19853517827 patent/DE3517827A1/en active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-05-09 EP EP86902795A patent/EP0259313B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-09 JP JP61502737A patent/JPS63500817A/en active Granted
- 1986-05-09 WO PCT/DE1986/000188 patent/WO1986006800A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1986-05-09 DE DE8686902795T patent/DE3661759D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-13 CA CA000509011A patent/CA1266797A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-05-13 IN IN363/CAL/86A patent/IN165644B/en unknown
- 1986-05-16 CN CN86103310.8A patent/CN1004645B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4329019A1 (en) * | 1993-08-28 | 1995-03-02 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Centrifugal pump housing (casing) of sheet metal construction |
DE4329019C2 (en) * | 1993-08-28 | 1999-11-04 | Ksb Ag | Centrifugal pump housing in sheet metal construction |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3517827A1 (en) | 1986-11-20 |
JPS63500817A (en) | 1988-03-24 |
CA1266797A (en) | 1990-03-20 |
EP0259313A1 (en) | 1988-03-16 |
CN86103310A (en) | 1986-11-12 |
JPH0361040B2 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
DE3661759D1 (en) | 1989-02-16 |
IN165644B (en) | 1989-12-02 |
CN1004645B (en) | 1989-06-28 |
WO1986006800A1 (en) | 1986-11-20 |
DE3517827C2 (en) | 1988-07-14 |
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