EP0257170B1 - Procédé pour la décomposition chimique rapide de composés organiques halogénés et polyhalogénés, par exemple les biphényles polychlorés, les dibenzofuranes polychlorés et les dibenzodioxins polychlorés, et de la désintoxication des surfaces ou fluides - Google Patents

Procédé pour la décomposition chimique rapide de composés organiques halogénés et polyhalogénés, par exemple les biphényles polychlorés, les dibenzofuranes polychlorés et les dibenzodioxins polychlorés, et de la désintoxication des surfaces ou fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0257170B1
EP0257170B1 EP86830238A EP86830238A EP0257170B1 EP 0257170 B1 EP0257170 B1 EP 0257170B1 EP 86830238 A EP86830238 A EP 86830238A EP 86830238 A EP86830238 A EP 86830238A EP 0257170 B1 EP0257170 B1 EP 0257170B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reagent
decontamination
polyhalogenated
fluids
reaction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86830238A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0257170A1 (fr
Inventor
Wander Tumiatti
Gilberto Nobile
Pietro Tundo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sea Marconi Technologies SpA
Original Assignee
Sea Marconi Technologies SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sea Marconi Technologies SpA filed Critical Sea Marconi Technologies SpA
Priority to DE8686830238T priority Critical patent/DE3675217D1/de
Priority to AT86830238T priority patent/ATE57620T1/de
Priority to EP86830238A priority patent/EP0257170B1/fr
Publication of EP0257170A1 publication Critical patent/EP0257170A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0257170B1 publication Critical patent/EP0257170B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/36—Detoxification by using acid or alkaline reagents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/10—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation
    • A62D3/17—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. emitted by a laser
    • A62D3/176—Ultraviolet radiations, i.e. radiation having a wavelength of about 3nm to 400nm
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/34—Dehalogenation using reactive chemical agents able to degrade
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/38—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by oxidation; by combustion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
    • B01J19/123—Ultraviolet light
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/28—Organic substances containing oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium, i.e. chalcogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2203/00—Aspects of processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change in the substances
    • A62D2203/04—Combined processes involving two or more non-distinct steps covered by groups A62D3/10 - A62D3/40

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel method for the decomposition of halogenated and polyhalogenated organic compounds and for the decontamination of surfaces or fluids contaminated by these substances.
  • EP-A 0 118 858 filed by the applicant describes an effective decontaminating reagent which is active even at room temperature and which may be applied for the decontamination of the soil, parts of installations, buildings, dielectric fluids or other industrial fluids.
  • This reagent consists of:
  • the reagent may be formulated in various manners with an ample range of viscosity according to the different applications.
  • EP-A 0 135 043 also filed by the applicant, describes a device for the continuous decontamination of industrial fluids by means of the above described reagent, suitably supported and adsorbed on solid supports.
  • the process according to the present invention may be used for the decontamination of metallic surfaces, porous surfaces, such as plaster, cement, wood, grit, etc. or hydrocarbons fluids, silicone fluids, non-halogenated synthetic fluids such as gas oil and oil for transformers, etc.
  • the viscosity of the reagent being used may be regulated essentially by the choice of component a)and depends on the type of material being treated. Therefore, a liquid reagent is particularly suitable for porous materials, while metallic surfaces require preferably a viscous reagent or a reagent capable of forming a solid film which later may be removed.
  • a typical example of a reagent may consist of 5-40% by weight of sodium carbonate, 0.1-10% by weight of sodium peroxide or barium peroxide and 50-95% by weight of Nixolen g optionally in mixture with PEG.
  • a reagent consisting exclusively of 80-95% by weight of a Nixolen and 20-5% by weight of an alkali alcoholate such as sodium methylate.
  • the reagent may be applied by spraying, spreading or brushing, or in the case of decontamination of fluids, they are simply caused to pass on a support on which the reagent previously has been adsorbed.
  • This support which may also consist of the same base which is part of the composition of the reagent, may optionally be inserted in a device of the type described in EP-A 0 135 043.
  • the penetration of the reagent into porous materials may be significantly improved by using polyether solvents, in particular ethylene or propylene glycols which are mono or disubstituted with alkyl groups such as diethylene glycol dimethyl ether or diglyme@, optionally in the presence of tensioactive agents and surfactants.
  • polyether solvents in particular ethylene or propylene glycols which are mono or disubstituted with alkyl groups such as diethylene glycol dimethyl ether or diglyme@, optionally in the presence of tensioactive agents and surfactants.
  • a liquid reagent in the amount of 1000 mg/m 2 is spread on two steel plates of 100 x 100 mm size contaminated by 1000 mg/m 2 of PCB in such a manner to form a continuous film.
  • the liquid reagent consists of Nixoieno VS13 and sodium methylate in the proportions of 95-5 by weight.
  • plate A is exposed to UV radiation from a high pressure mercury vapor lamp with 150 w while the other plate serves as control.
  • gas chromatoghra- phy and electron capture detector (GCECD) are summarized in the table below.
  • Two blocks of mortar of composition consisting of 3 parts of sand, 1 part of cement 345, and 0.8 parts of water, of dimensions 35 x 35 x 25 mm are contaminated with 300 mg/m 2 of PCB.
  • the contaminated surface is treated with 3000 g/m 2 of 1 : 1 solution of amixture of Nixolen® VS13 - sodium methylate (95:5 by weight) in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether as a solvent (Diglymeo).
  • One of the blocks (A) is exposed to UV source as in Example 1 and the comparison has been made with the reaction carried out in the absence of UV radiation.
  • a mixture of Nixolens VS13 - sodium methylate (85:15 by weight) in the amount of 1500 g/m 2 is spread on 1 m 2 of a wall with a plaster contaminated by PCDD and PCDF as a result of an explosion and a fire of electric condensers which had been impregnated with PCB.
  • the wall is then exposed for 96 hours to an ultraviolet source from a mercury vapor lamp at high pressure operating at 500 W.
  • the wall is washed (wiped) and then it is analyzed by gas mass analysis (GCMS) and comparison is made between the initial and the final contamination. The results are reported bereinbelow.
  • GCMS gas mass analysis

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Procédé pour la décomposition d'un composé organique polyhalogéné par réaction avec un réactif constitué de composés formés par condensation d'oxyde de propylène et d'oxyde d'éthylène, d'un alcoolate alcalin ou alcalino-terreux, et, facultativement, d'un agent oxydant ou d'une source de radicaux libres, caractérisé par le fait que la réaction de décontamination est effectuée en présence de rayonnement ultraviolet artificiel.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit composé polyhalogéné se trouve sur une surface métallique ou poreuse, dans un fluide hydrocarboné, une huile de silicone ou dans un fluide synthétique nonhalogéné.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le réactif est constitué par 80-95% en poids d'un polycondensat d'oxyde d'éthylène et d'oxyde de propylène et 20 à 5% en poids d'un alcoolate alcalin, en l'absence d'un agent oxydant.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit réactif est appliqué sur une surface poreuse contaminée, sous la forme d'une solution dans un mono-alkyl ou di-alkyl éthylène glycol ou propylène glycol, facultativement en addition avec des agents tensioactifs et de surface mélangés à celle-ci.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit composé polyhalogéné est le polychlorobiphényle (PCB), un polychlorodibenzofuranne (PCDF), une polychlorodiben- zodioxine (PCDD) ou leurs analogues bromés ou fluorés.
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la réaction est effectuée en présence de sources de chaleur, d'IR, de micro-ondes, d'ultrasons, de champs électriques.
EP86830238A 1986-08-29 1986-08-29 Procédé pour la décomposition chimique rapide de composés organiques halogénés et polyhalogénés, par exemple les biphényles polychlorés, les dibenzofuranes polychlorés et les dibenzodioxins polychlorés, et de la désintoxication des surfaces ou fluides Expired EP0257170B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8686830238T DE3675217D1 (de) 1986-08-29 1986-08-29 Verfahren zur schnellen chemischen zersetzung von halogenierten und polyhalogenierten organischen verbindungen, zum beispiel polychlorbiphenylen, polychlorbenzofuranen und polychlordibenzodioxinen, und zur entgiftung von oberflaechen oder fluessigkeiten.
AT86830238T ATE57620T1 (de) 1986-08-29 1986-08-29 Verfahren zur schnellen chemischen zersetzung von halogenierten und polyhalogenierten organischen verbindungen, zum beispiel polychlorbiphenylen, polychlorbenzofuranen und polychlordibenzodioxinen, und zur entgiftung von oberflaechen oder fluessigkeiten.
EP86830238A EP0257170B1 (fr) 1986-08-29 1986-08-29 Procédé pour la décomposition chimique rapide de composés organiques halogénés et polyhalogénés, par exemple les biphényles polychlorés, les dibenzofuranes polychlorés et les dibenzodioxins polychlorés, et de la désintoxication des surfaces ou fluides

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86830238A EP0257170B1 (fr) 1986-08-29 1986-08-29 Procédé pour la décomposition chimique rapide de composés organiques halogénés et polyhalogénés, par exemple les biphényles polychlorés, les dibenzofuranes polychlorés et les dibenzodioxins polychlorés, et de la désintoxication des surfaces ou fluides

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0257170A1 EP0257170A1 (fr) 1988-03-02
EP0257170B1 true EP0257170B1 (fr) 1990-10-24

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86830238A Expired EP0257170B1 (fr) 1986-08-29 1986-08-29 Procédé pour la décomposition chimique rapide de composés organiques halogénés et polyhalogénés, par exemple les biphényles polychlorés, les dibenzofuranes polychlorés et les dibenzodioxins polychlorés, et de la désintoxication des surfaces ou fluides

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0257170B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE57620T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3675217D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4327804A1 (de) * 1992-08-18 1994-02-24 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zersetzung organischer, halogenhaltiger Verbindungen

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8704276U1 (de) * 1987-03-21 1987-08-06 Harress, Heinz Michael, Dr., 8856 Harburg Vorrichtung zur Entfernung von halogenierten Kohlenwasserstoffen aus damit verunreinigten natürlichen Wasservorkommen, dem Boden und/oder der Atmosphäre
US4945063A (en) * 1988-09-22 1990-07-31 Toy Madeline S Method for detecting organic compounds by photoacoustic conversion
DE3935534C1 (fr) * 1989-10-25 1991-04-18 Sprintsystem Gmbh Gesellschaft Fuer Sanierungstechnik, Organisation Und Weiterbildung & Co, 4000 Duesseldorf, De
EP0574924A1 (fr) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-22 S.U.T. HÖLSCHER INGENIEUR- UND TECHNOLOGIEPROJEKTE GmbH Procédé pour la decontamination chimique de terre et de boues
RU2152236C1 (ru) * 1999-02-17 2000-07-10 Костин Владимир Владимирович Способ быстрого уничтожения высокотоксичных газообразных веществ
FR3108040B1 (fr) * 2020-03-16 2024-01-12 Univ Lille Procédé de déchloration d’un ou plusieurs composé(s) organochloré(s) aromatique(s) contenu(s) dans une huile ou constituant ladite huile - installation et appareil électrique/électronique associes

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144152A (en) * 1978-03-27 1979-03-13 Atlantic Research Corporation Dehalogenation of halogenated compounds
US4432344A (en) * 1981-07-15 1984-02-21 Focus Environmental Systems Method and apparatus for solar destruction of toxic and hazardous materials
AU555461B2 (en) * 1983-03-10 1986-09-25 Sea Marconi Decontamination S.R.L. Process for the decomposition and decontamination of organic substances and halogenated toxic materials

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4327804A1 (de) * 1992-08-18 1994-02-24 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zersetzung organischer, halogenhaltiger Verbindungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE57620T1 (de) 1990-11-15
EP0257170A1 (fr) 1988-03-02
DE3675217D1 (de) 1990-11-29

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