EP0254089B1 - Vacuum switch tube - Google Patents
Vacuum switch tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0254089B1 EP0254089B1 EP87109468A EP87109468A EP0254089B1 EP 0254089 B1 EP0254089 B1 EP 0254089B1 EP 87109468 A EP87109468 A EP 87109468A EP 87109468 A EP87109468 A EP 87109468A EP 0254089 B1 EP0254089 B1 EP 0254089B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cap
- housing
- ceramic
- steam
- ceramic part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
- H01H2033/66276—Details relating to the mounting of screens in vacuum switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
Definitions
- the invention is in the field of vacuum electronics and is concerned with the structural design of a vacuum interrupter, the housing of which is composed of at least one hollow cylindrical ceramic part and at least two metal housing parts.
- the two contacts are arranged in the area of a metal, cap-shaped housing part that consists of two parts, namely the actual cap-shaped part and an axially adjoining annular part. Both parts have the same wall thickness, with the annular part being profiled at one end in a step-like manner and being placed on the edge of the cap-shaped part by means of the outer step.
- a steam screen is also fixed by placing it on this step with the edge of its widened end and fastening it there.
- the steam shield covers a small part of the hollow cylindrical ceramic part of the housing in the axial direction.
- the attached cylindrical ring of the cap-shaped housing part is made of copper or Kovar (trademark) (EP-A-0 241 814) .
- a vacuum interrupter is known, the housing of which is constructed from two hollow cylindrical ceramic parts, a hollow cylindrical metal part and further metal parts.
- the ring-shaped housing parts are connected to one another on the end face using thin-walled hollow cylindrical rings.
- a thin-walled attachment is provided, to which a vapor shield of the switching tube and an annular connecting member are soldered on the one hand (US-A3 766 345).
- the invention is defined by the features of the claim.
- the invention provides a vacuum interrupter, the manufacture of which is considerably simplified in that the number of individual parts used for the housing and the steam shielding of the ceramic housing part and thus the number of soldering points is reduced to a minimum.
- the cap-shaped housing part consists of the same material as the steam screen, the temperature coefficient of this material not being adapted to the temperature coefficient of the ceramic part, that the cap-shaped housing part has a cylindrical region at its open cylindrical end, the wall thickness of which is less than the wall thickness in the rest of the region, thereby forming a step in the wall of the cap-shaped housing part that runs outward in the radial direction and serves as a contact surface for the widened end of the steam shield and that the steam screen completely covers the ceramic part in the axial direction.
- the vacuum interrupter shown has a housing 1 and each other coaxially arranged switching contacts 2 and 3.
- the housing 1 is composed of metal caps 4 and 5 and a ceramic ring as a ceramic part 6.
- the metal caps 4 and 5 have thin-walled cylinder regions 7, at least one metal part 5 at the transition from the thick-walled part 11 to the thin-walled cylinder region 7 having a step 8 on its inner wall, which extends outward in the radial direction.
- a vapor screen 9 has an edge region 10 which is widened outwards.
- the edge region 10 lies against the thin-walled cylinder region 7 and against the step 8 of the cap 5 and is brazed there to the cap 5.
- the thin-walled cylinder regions 7 are butt-soldered onto the ceramic ring 6 and their wall thickness is such that the bracing that occurs during soldering is absorbed by the soldering point due to different thermal expansion between the ceramic ring 6 and the thin-walled cylinder region 7 and does not lead to a leak in the tube.
- the screen 9 covers the ceramic part 6 in the axial direction, so that a screen 9 is sufficient for steam shielding.
- the screen 9 can be used in the manufacture and applied to the step 8 and remains there solely due to gravity when the tube is held in the position shown when soldering.
- the other parts can also be Stack soldering on top of each other without expensive holding devices and can be soldered in one operation.
- the one-sided arrangement of the contacts in the area of the lower metal cap 5 is advantageous, since a relatively large switching space is available here and the metal vapor that is produced can be kept away from the ceramic part 6 particularly well.
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiet der Vakuumelektronik und befaßt sich mit der konstruktiven Ausgestaltung einer Vakuumschaltröhre, deren Gehäuse aus wenigstens einem hohlzylindrischen Keramikteil und wenigestens zwei metallenen Gehäuseteilen zusammengesetzt ist.The invention is in the field of vacuum electronics and is concerned with the structural design of a vacuum interrupter, the housing of which is composed of at least one hollow cylindrical ceramic part and at least two metal housing parts.
Bei einer bereits vorgeschlagenen Vakuumschaltröhre mit zwei in einem Gehäuse axial gegeneinander bewegbaren Kontakten sind die beiden Kontakte im Bereich eines metallenen, kappenförmigen Gehäuseteiles angeordnet, das aus zwei Teilen besteht, nämlich dem eigentlichen kappenförmigen Teil und einem sich axial anschließenden ringförmigen Teil. Beide Teile weisen die gleiche Wandstärke auf, wobei das ringförmige Teil an einem Ende stufenförmig profiliert und mittels der äußeren Stufe auf den Rand des kappenförmigen Teiles aufgesetzt ist. An dieser Stufe ist weiterhin ein Dampfschirm fixiert, indem dieser mit dem Rand seines einen aufgeweiteten Endes auf diese Stufe aufgesetzt und dort befestigt ist. Der Dampfschirm überdeckt in axialer Richtung einen kleinen Teil des hohlzylindrischen Keramikteiles des Gehäuses. - Um das kappenförmige, in gleicher Weise wie der Dampfschirm aus rostfreiem Stahl bestehende kappenförmige Gehäuseteil mit dem hohlzylindrischem Keramikteil stirnseitig verlöten zu können, besteht der angesetzte zylindrische Ring des kappenförmigen Gehäuseteiles aus Kupfer oder Kovar (Warenzeichen)(EP-A-0 241 814).In an already proposed vacuum interrupter with two contacts that can be moved axially relative to one another in a housing, the two contacts are arranged in the area of a metal, cap-shaped housing part that consists of two parts, namely the actual cap-shaped part and an axially adjoining annular part. Both parts have the same wall thickness, with the annular part being profiled at one end in a step-like manner and being placed on the edge of the cap-shaped part by means of the outer step. At this step, a steam screen is also fixed by placing it on this step with the edge of its widened end and fastening it there. The steam shield covers a small part of the hollow cylindrical ceramic part of the housing in the axial direction. - In order to be able to solder the cap-shaped housing part, which is made of stainless steel in the same way as the steam shield, with the hollow cylindrical ceramic part, the attached cylindrical ring of the cap-shaped housing part is made of copper or Kovar (trademark) (EP-A-0 241 814) .
Im übrigen ist eine Vakuumschaltröhre bekannt, deren Gehäuse aus zwei hohlzylindrischen Keramikteilen, einem hohlzylindrischen Metallteil und weiteren Metallteilen aufgebaut ist. Die ringförmigen Gehäuseteile sind dabei unter Verwendung dünnwandiger hohlzylindrischer Ringe stirnseitig miteinander verbunden.In addition, a vacuum interrupter is known, the housing of which is constructed from two hollow cylindrical ceramic parts, a hollow cylindrical metal part and further metal parts. The ring-shaped housing parts are connected to one another on the end face using thin-walled hollow cylindrical rings.
An beiden Enden des hohlzylindrischen Metallteiles ist dabei ein dünnwandiger Ansatz vorgesehen, an den einerseits ein Dampfschirm der Schaltröhre und andererseits ein ringförmiges Verbindungsglied angelötet sind (US-A3 766 345).At both ends of the hollow cylindrical metal part, a thin-walled attachment is provided, to which a vapor shield of the switching tube and an annular connecting member are soldered on the one hand (US-A3 766 345).
Die Erfindung wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs definiert.The invention is defined by the features of the claim.
Durch die Erfindung wird eine Vakuumschaltröhre geschaffen, deren Herstellung dadurch wesentlich vereinfacht ist, daß die Anzahl der für das Gehäuse und die Dampfabschirmung des keramischen Gehäuseteiles verwendeten Einzelteile und damit die Anzahl der Lötstellen auf ein Minimum reduziert ist. Hierzu ist abweichend vom Aufbau der mit der EP-A-0 241 814 bereits vorgeschlagenen Schaltröhre vorgesehen, daß das kappenförmige Gehäuseteil aus demselben Material wie der Dampfschirm besteht, wobei der Temperaturkoeffizient dieses Materials an den Temperaturkoeffizienten des Keramikteiles nicht angepaßt ist,
daß das kappenförmige Gehäuseteil an seinem offenen zylindrischen Ende einen Zylinderbereich aufweist, dessen Wandstärke geringer ist als die Wandstärke im übrigen Bereich, wodurch eine in radialer Richtung nach außen verlaufende, als Anlagefläche für das aufgeweitete Ende des Dampfschirmes dienende Stufe in der Wand des kappenförmigen Gehäuseteiles gebildet ist, und daß der Dampfschirm das Keramikteil in axialer Richtung vollständig überdeckt.The invention provides a vacuum interrupter, the manufacture of which is considerably simplified in that the number of individual parts used for the housing and the steam shielding of the ceramic housing part and thus the number of soldering points is reduced to a minimum. For this purpose, deviating from the structure of the switching tube already proposed with EP-A-0 241 814, it is provided that the cap-shaped housing part consists of the same material as the steam screen, the temperature coefficient of this material not being adapted to the temperature coefficient of the ceramic part,
that the cap-shaped housing part has a cylindrical region at its open cylindrical end, the wall thickness of which is less than the wall thickness in the rest of the region, thereby forming a step in the wall of the cap-shaped housing part that runs outward in the radial direction and serves as a contact surface for the widened end of the steam shield and that the steam screen completely covers the ceramic part in the axial direction.
Die Herstellung einer derartigen Vakuumschaltröhre, bei der das kappenförmige Gehäuseteil und der Dampfschirm zweckmäßig aus Kupfer oder rostfreiem Stahl und das Keramikteil aus Aluminiumoxidkeramik bestehen, läßt sich auch deshalb besonders einfach durchführen, weil für die Verlötung des Keramikteils, des Schirmes und der metallenen Gehäuseteile nur ein Arbeitsgang erforderlich sind. Durch Verwendung desselben Materials für Dampfschirm und kappenförmiges Gehäuseteil können dabei besonders kleine Toleranzen eingehalten werden. - Die Vakuumschaltröhre läßt sich im übrigen leicht und ohne besondere Anforderungen an eine Montageform zusammensetzen. Besonders vorteilhaft dabei ist, daß sowohl der Dampfschirm als auch die übrigen Teile der Schaltröhre durch die Schwerkraft in Position gehalten werden, bis die Verlötung der Teile erfolgt ist.The production of such a vacuum interrupter, in which the cap-shaped housing part and the steam shield expediently consist of copper or stainless steel and the ceramic part made of alumina ceramic, can also be carried out particularly easily because only one is required for soldering the ceramic part, the shield and the metal housing parts Operation are required. By using the same material for the steam screen and cap-shaped housing part, particularly small tolerances can be maintained. - The vacuum interrupter can also be easily assembled without any special requirements for a mounting form. Particularly advantageous is that both the steam screen and the other parts of the switching tube are held in position by gravity until the parts are soldered.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Figur dargestellt.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the figure.
Die dargestellte Vakuumschaltröhre weist ein Gehäuse 1 und zueinander koaxial angeordnete Schaltkontakte 2 und 3 auf. Das Gehäuse 1 setzt sich aus Metallkappen 4 und 5 und einem Keramikring als Keramikteil 6 zusammen. Die Metallkappen 4 und 5 weisen dünnwandige Zylinderbereiche 7 auf, wobei zumindest ein Metallteil 5 am Übergang vom dickwandigen Teil 11 zum dünnwandigen Zylinderbereich 7 an seiner Innenwand eine Stufe 8 besitzt, die in radialer Richtung nach außen reicht.The vacuum interrupter shown has a housing 1 and each other coaxially arranged switching
Ein Dampfschirm 9 besitzt einen nach außen aufgeweiteten Randbereich 10. Der Randbereich 10 liegt am dünnwandigen Zylinderbereich 7 und an der Stufe 8 der Kappe 5 an und ist dort mit der Kappe 5 hartverlötet.A
Die dünnwandigen Zylinderbereiche 7 sind auf den Keramikring 6 stumpf aufgelötet und in ihrer Wanddicke so bemessen, daß die bei der Lötung auftretende Verspannung durch unterschiedliche Wärmedehnung zwischen dem Keramikring 6 und dem dünnwandigen Zylinderbereich 7 von der Lötstelle aufgenommen wird und nicht zur Undichtigkeit der Röhre führt.The thin-walled cylinder regions 7 are butt-soldered onto the
Der Schirm 9 überdeckt das Keramikteil 6 in axialer Richtung, so daß ein Schirm 9 zur Dampfabschirmung ausreicht. Dadurch kann bei der Herstellung der Schirm 9 eingesetzt und an die Stufe 8 angelegt werden und verbleibt dort allein infolge der Schwerkraft, wenn die Röhre beim Verlöten in der dargestellten Lage gehalten wird. Auch die übrigen Teile lassen sich zum Verlöten ohne aufwendige Haltevorrichtungen übereinander stapeln und können in einem Arbeitsgang verlötet werden.The
Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist die einseitige Anordnung der Kontakte im Bereich der unteren Metallkappe 5 vorteilhaft, da hier ein relativ großer Schaltraum zur Verfügung steht und der entstehende Metalldampf besonders gut vom Keramikteil 6 ferngehalten werden kann.In this embodiment, the one-sided arrangement of the contacts in the area of the
- 11
- = Gehäuse= Housing
- 2, 32, 3
- = Schaltkontakt= Switching contact
- 4, 54, 5
- = Metallteil= Metal part
- 66
- = Keramikteil= Ceramic part
- 77
- = dünnwandiger Zylinderbereich= thin-walled cylinder area
- 88th
- = Stufe= Level
- 99
- = Dampfschirm= Steam umbrella
- 1010th
- = Randbereich= Edge area
- 1111
- = dickwandiger Teil= thick-walled part
Claims (1)
- Vacuum switch tube having a housing (1) and two contacts (2, 3) movable coaxially towards one another,
wherein the housing (1) is composed of at least one hollow-cylindrical ceramic part (6) and at least two metallic housing parts (4, 5),
wherein one of the said metallic housing parts (5) is constructed in the shape of a cap, and surrounds the contacts (2, 3), and is butt-soldered at its open cylindrical end to one of the end faces of the ceramic part
and wherein a cylindrical metallic steam screen (9) is provided, which is flared at one end thereof in the radial direction and rests with the edge of this flared end (10) against a radial step (8) of the cap-shaped metal part (5) and is soldered there,
and wherein furthermore the cap-shaped housing part (5) consists of the same material as the steam screen (9), the temperature coefficient of this material not being matched to the temperature coefficients of the ceramic part (6),
wherein the cap-shaped housing part (5) has, at its open cylindrical end, a cylinder region (7), the wall thickness of which is less than the wall thickness in the remaining region (11), whereby a step (8) is formed in the wall of the cap-shaped housing part (5), which step extends outwardly in the radial direction and serves as a seating surface for the flared end (10) of the steam screen (9),
and wherein the steam screen (9) completely covers the ceramic part (6) in the axial direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19863623457 DE3623457A1 (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1986-07-11 | VACUUM SWITCH TUBES |
| DE3623457 | 1986-07-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0254089A1 EP0254089A1 (en) | 1988-01-27 |
| EP0254089B1 true EP0254089B1 (en) | 1992-01-08 |
Family
ID=6304986
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87109468A Expired - Lifetime EP0254089B1 (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1987-07-01 | Vacuum switch tube |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4746777A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0254089B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6329423A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1296038C (en) |
| DE (3) | DE3623457A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3803778A1 (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1989-08-17 | Licentia Gmbh | Vacuum switch with flat or corrugated elastic disc. - used as intermediate piece between fixed-contacts bolt and casings ceramic tube |
| US5289991A (en) * | 1990-07-04 | 1994-03-01 | Shimano Inc. | Spinning reel |
| JPH0460064U (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1992-05-22 | ||
| DE4129008A1 (en) * | 1991-08-28 | 1992-01-16 | Slamecka Ernst | Two=part housing vacuum switch - has one part of pot-shaped conductive material and other part of insulating material and two relatively axially moving contacts |
| DE9401655U1 (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1994-11-03 | Siemens Ag | Vacuum interrupter with ring-shaped insulator |
| DE9319945U1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-04-20 | Siemens Ag | Solder ring for vacuum electronic components |
| DE4431067A1 (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-06-29 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Vacuum interrupter |
| DE4401356A1 (en) * | 1994-01-14 | 1995-07-20 | Siemens Ag | Vacuum switching tube with special current terminal |
| DE19510850C1 (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-07-25 | Siemens Ag | Vacuum switch tube for low voltage protection |
| DE19713478C1 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-04-09 | Siemens Ag | Vacuum switch tube e.g. for low-voltage switching |
| DE19826766C1 (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 2000-03-30 | Siemens Ag | Vacuum interrupter with a steam shield assigned to the insulator |
| DE10007907C2 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2002-03-14 | Abb T & D Tech Ltd | Vacuum interrupter chamber |
| US10541094B1 (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-21 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Vacuum interrupter with radial bellows |
| CN109273315B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2024-03-12 | 陕西宝光真空电器股份有限公司 | Method for fixing shielding cylinder and porcelain shell and vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber |
| DE102018220928A1 (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Improvement of the surface properties of contact materials |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0241814A2 (en) * | 1986-04-05 | 1987-10-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha | Vacuum interrupter |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1353161A (en) * | 1962-02-23 | 1964-02-21 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Vacuum interval device |
| GB1184590A (en) * | 1967-11-29 | 1970-03-18 | Ass Elect Ind | Improvements in or relating to Vacuum Electric Switches. |
| US3590197A (en) * | 1968-10-31 | 1971-06-29 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Electrical contacts containing gettering material |
| US3612795A (en) * | 1969-01-09 | 1971-10-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Shielding arrangements for vacuum-type circuit interrupters of the two-contact type |
| GB1504666A (en) * | 1975-03-22 | 1978-03-22 | Gemvac Kk | Vacuum power interrupter and method of making the same |
| US4216361A (en) * | 1978-11-17 | 1980-08-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Low voltage vacuum switch with plural conic shields about the contacts |
| NL178680C (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1986-05-01 | Hazemeijer Bv | METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING A STAMP BRAZER CONNECTION BETWEEN METAL AND CERAMIC MATERIAL |
| JPS5894233U (en) * | 1981-12-19 | 1983-06-25 | 株式会社明電舎 | vacuum interrupter |
| JPS58165225A (en) * | 1982-03-26 | 1983-09-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Vacuum breaker |
| DE3343918A1 (en) * | 1983-12-05 | 1985-06-13 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | VACUUM SWITCH FOR THE LOW VOLTAGE AREA, IN PARTICULAR LOW VOLTAGE PROTECTION |
| US4661666A (en) * | 1985-05-28 | 1987-04-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha | Vacuum interrupter |
-
1986
- 1986-07-11 DE DE19863623457 patent/DE3623457A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-07-11 DE DE8618632U patent/DE8618632U1/de not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-03-09 US US07/023,827 patent/US4746777A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-01 DE DE8787109468T patent/DE3775844D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-07-01 EP EP87109468A patent/EP0254089B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-07 JP JP62170830A patent/JPS6329423A/en active Granted
- 1987-07-09 CA CA000541645A patent/CA1296038C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0241814A2 (en) * | 1986-04-05 | 1987-10-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha | Vacuum interrupter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3623457A1 (en) | 1988-01-14 |
| JPS6329423A (en) | 1988-02-08 |
| DE3775844D1 (en) | 1992-02-20 |
| DE8618632U1 (en) | 1988-12-22 |
| CA1296038C (en) | 1992-02-18 |
| US4746777A (en) | 1988-05-24 |
| EP0254089A1 (en) | 1988-01-27 |
| JPH0555965B2 (en) | 1993-08-18 |
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