EP0253689A1 - Ejector using induced rotation - Google Patents

Ejector using induced rotation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0253689A1
EP0253689A1 EP87401133A EP87401133A EP0253689A1 EP 0253689 A1 EP0253689 A1 EP 0253689A1 EP 87401133 A EP87401133 A EP 87401133A EP 87401133 A EP87401133 A EP 87401133A EP 0253689 A1 EP0253689 A1 EP 0253689A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compartment
working fluid
annular
fluid
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87401133A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0253689B1 (en
Inventor
Alexandre Rojey
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Priority to AT87401133T priority Critical patent/ATE45207T1/en
Publication of EP0253689A1 publication Critical patent/EP0253689A1/en
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Publication of EP0253689B1 publication Critical patent/EP0253689B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/02—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
    • F04F5/04—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids
    • F04F5/06—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids of rotary type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/42—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow characterised by the input flow of inducing fluid medium being radial or tangential to output flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ejection method and device for compressing and / or pumping a fluid.
  • the device according to the present invention is compact.
  • the ejectors represent a simple and inexpensive means in terms of investments for compressing a fluid.
  • the ejection devices according to the prior art have a certain number of drawbacks which limit their possibilities of application.
  • the device according to the invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the devices known in the prior art.
  • the present invention relates to a device for compressing a fluid by expansion of a working fluid comprising a first compartment in which the working fluid circulates, a second compartment in which the fluid to be compressed circulates, a third compartment in which circulates mixing the working fluid and the fluid to be compressed, said mixture coming from a mixing compartment connected to the third compartment and to the first and second compartments.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in particular in that the mixing compartment has an annular shape and in that the first and second compartments are connected to the mixing compartment by passages adapted to introduce substantially tangentially the working fluid and the fluid to be compressed in the mixing compartment or annular compartment.
  • the annular compartment which has an average outside diameter and an average inside diameter delimiting it, may be provided so that the ratio of the average outside diameter of the annular zone to the difference between said average outside diameter and said average inside diameter is at least equal to 5.
  • the second compartment for distributing the fluid to be compressed may comprise a circular crown pierced with channels opening onto the annular compartment, these channels possibly being regularly spaced around the periphery of said annular compartment, and being able to be curved so as to introduce the fluid to be compressed with a substantially tangential speed in the annular zone.
  • the third compartment for compressing the mixture of the two fluids from said annular compartment may itself include an annular space in which will be placed rectifier blades adapted to gradually cancel the tangential speed component of the mixture by raising the pressure.
  • the first compartment for distributing the working fluid may comprise a series of converging nozzles opening into the annular compartment, the nozzles preferably being regularly spaced around the periphery of the annular compartment and being inclined so as to introduce the working fluid with a substantially tangential speed in the annular compartment.
  • the first distribution compartment for the working fluid may include a circular crown pierced with channels opening onto the annular compartment, the channels preferably being regularly spaced around the periphery of the annular compartment and having a convergent shape so as to communicate to the working fluid an increasing speed, and also having a curved shape so as to introduce the fluid to be compressed with a speed substantially tangential to the annular compartment.
  • the first compartment for distributing the working fluid may comprise an annular zone comprised between two conical surfaces whose generatrices may form a different angle with the axis of the device so as to create said converging annular zone into which the working fluid will be introduced by an inlet tangential at the level of the largest section and will travel with increasing tangential speed to the smallest section which communicates with the annular compartment.
  • the third compartment for compressing the mixture of the two fluids coming from the annular compartment may itself include an annular zone comprised between two conical surfaces whose generatrices may form a different angle with the axis of the device, so as to create said zone divergent annulus in which the mixture of the two fluids coming from the annular compartment opens at the level of the smallest section and circulates with a decreasing tangential speed to the largest section.
  • the third compression compartment may include a first space between two surfaces placed substantially transverse to the axis of the device in which the mixture can circulate with a decreasing tangential speed while being evacuated at the periphery of said first space, said first space followed by a second space also between two surfaces placed substantially transversely to the axis of the device in which the mixture is brought towards the axis of the device by circulating with a decreasing tangential speed, the second space may be provided with straightening vanes making it possible to gradually cancel the tangential speed of the mixture.
  • the angle of introduction of the working fluid into the first distribution compartment of the working fluid may be modified when the flow rate of said working fluid varies, so as to keep the tangential speed of circulation of the working fluid substantially constant.
  • the device according to the invention can be used to compress a gas or a vapor or to compress a liquid.
  • the working fluid may consist of a gas or a vapor, or even a liquid.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the principle of an ejection device according to the prior art.
  • the fluid to be compressed arrives via the suction pipe 1.
  • the compression work is provided by a working fluid which arrives through line 2.
  • the fluid to be compressed and the working fluid can thus be admitted into the mixing zone 4 at the same pressure level.
  • the mixing zone 4 there is an exchange of momentum between the working fluid and the fluid to be compressed and at the exit from the mixing zone the speed field can be considered to be substantially uniform.
  • the device made it possible to compress the fluid arriving via line 1 by partially relaxing the working fluid arriving via line 2.
  • such a device has many advantages: - It is completely static, which makes it perfectly reliable. It does not require lubricant and does not present leakage problems at the bearings of compressors fitted with a rotor. - It is simple and inexpensive to make, which makes it particularly attractive whenever it is important to limit the level of investment.
  • Such a device can be used with different liquid fluids or gaseous.
  • An example of the use of a gas-gas ejectocompressor is described in the French patent application registered on June 28, 1985 under number 85/09844, this application describing the compression by such a device of the overhead vapor from a distillation.
  • the friction losses can represent from 5 to 15% of the kinetic energy of the mixture. These losses are linked to the heterogeneity of the speed field at the inlet of the mixer and to the fact that the mixer must have a sufficient length to homogenize this speed field.
  • the generator of the diffuser must not make an angle with the axis greater than approximately 7 °, because of the risks of instability of the flow and therefore the length of the diffuser is important compared to the diameter. This results in losses reaching 15 to 60% of the kinetic energy of the mixture, depending on the ratio of the sections and the technique adopted.
  • the fluid to be compressed which arrives through the nozzle 6 opens at the center of the vortex formed by the working fluid.
  • FIG. 3 The principle of the device according to the invention is illustrated very schematically in FIG. 3.
  • the difference between the mean outside diameter of the annular zone (A) and the mean internal diameter of the annular zone (A) is reduced compared to the mean external diameter, the ratio of the mean external diameter of the annular zone (A) to the difference between the mean external diameter and the mean internal diameter of the annular zone (A) being preferably greater than 5.
  • the respective positions of the first and second zones (I) and (II) can be changed.
  • first zone (I) of introduction of the working fluid can be placed inside said annular space and the second zone (II) of introduction of the low pressure fluid to be compressed at the exterior of said annular space.
  • zones (I) and (II) are placed at different diameters.
  • the first and second zones (I) and (II) may even be located on the same side of the annular zone (A), as shown in the following exemplary embodiments.
  • a first embodiment of the device according to the invention is represented by the diagrams of FIGS. 4A and 4B.
  • FIG. 4A represents a longitudinal section of the device along the plane A-A indicated in FIG. 4B and in FIG. 4B a transverse section of the device by the plane B-B indicated in FIG. 4A.
  • the low pressure fluid to be compressed arrives via the conduit 7. It is then distributed through a circular crown C which in this embodiment represents the second distribution zone (II).
  • this circular crown it is distributed along a series of channels such as C1, C2, C3, C4 arranged substantially radially and placed at regular intervals. These channels are convergent, that is to say that their section decreases towards the periphery of said circular ring, so as to communicate to the low pressure fluid to be compressed at an increasing speed and are curved so as to introduce the low pressure fluid to be compressed with a substantially tangential speed in the annular zone (A).
  • the working fluid arrives through a series of converging nozzles such as T1, T2, T3.
  • these nozzles T represent the first zone (I) for distributing the working fluid.
  • the inlet nozzles T of the working fluid are convergent, so as to impart an increasing speed to the working fluid, while reducing its pressure, so as to bring it to a level lower than that of the fluid to be compressed and are inclined so introducing the working fluid with a tangential speed into the annular zone (A).
  • the orifices located on either side of the annular zone (A) through which the channels such as C1, C2, and C3 open respectively and the nozzles such as T1, T2 and T3 are placed opposite.
  • the working fluid and the low pressure fluid to be compressed are mixed in the annular zone (A) and the mixture of these two fluids circulates with a gyratory movement with an average speed substantially uniform over the entire circumference of the annular space (A) and over the entire passage section of the annular space (A).
  • the blading forms with the longitudinal axis 19 of the device an angle D3 close to 90,. This angle then gradually decreases as it approaches a zero value, so as to gradually reduce the tangential speed of the mixture.
  • the mixture is thus compressed. It is then evacuated through the space ED1 towards the evacuation duct 8.
  • the first, second and third zones (I), (II) and (III) can be produced with different geometries, while being in accordance with the principle of the invention.
  • the circular crown C for distributing the low pressure fluid to be compressed may have an internal diameter different from the inlet duct 7. In particular by increasing this internal diameter, reduces the width of said circular crown which is presented according to the diagram in FIG. 5, which makes it possible to simplify its production.
  • the reference 20 in FIG. 5 represents the outside diameter of the circular crown C and the reference 21 designates the dotted line corresponding to the trace of the inlet duct 7.
  • FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C The geometry shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C is particularly advantageous when the low pressure fluid to be compressed is admitted into the annular space (A) with a relatively low speed.
  • this speed it is preferable to communicate this speed gradually so as to avoid a relatively large pressure drop on admission. This is achieved by gradually modifying the section of the channels such as C1, C2, C3, which implies a sufficient length of these channels and a relatively wide distribution ring.
  • the low pressure fluid distribution ring can be produced either by hollowing out channels on a solid part, or by means of blades 22 making it possible to orient the fluid tangentially according to the diagram in FIG. 6.
  • Another possibility consists in distributing the low pressure fluid to be compressed according to a series of nozzles regularly arranged like the channels such as C1, C2, C3 and inclined so as to cause the low pressure fluid to be compressed in the annular space (A) with tangential speed.
  • the distribution of the working fluid in the first zone (I) can also be carried out in a different manner from that described above.
  • the working fluid can be distributed through a circular ring such as that which is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7.
  • a circular crown such as that which is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7.
  • this circular crown it is distributed along a series of channels such as T10, T11, T12, T13, T14 arranged radially and placed at regular intervals.
  • These channels are convergent, that is to say that their section decreases towards the inside of said circular ring so as to communicate to the working fluid an increasing speed and are curved so as to introduce the working fluid with a substantially tangential speed into the circular area (A).
  • the internal diameter of the distribution crown can be greater than the external diameter of the annular zone (A) and the distribution crown can be offset in longitudinal position with respect to the annular zone (A), as shown in the diagram of embodiment of FIG. 8.
  • the working fluid arrives tangentially through the opening 23. It joins the annular zone for mixing with the low pressure fluid through the curved annular zone 24.
  • the intermediate annular zone 24 has a shape convergent, which increases the tangential speed of the working fluid.
  • the reference CD1 designates the crown for distributing the working fluid which may preferably include fins.
  • the low pressure fluid to be compressed arrives via the conduit 25. It is rotated in the distribution ring CD2 and mixes with the working fluid in the annular zone (A).
  • This crown may preferably include fins.
  • the first two distribution zones (I) and (II) are placed radially on the same side of the annular zone (A).
  • a converging annular zone such as the intermediate annular zone 24 with a tangential inlet, can also replace the multitireal system such as that shown in FIG. 5, or a distribution crown, such as that represented in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9A Such an arrangement is shown in FIG. 9A.
  • the working fluid arrives tangentially through the opening 10. It then passes into the annular zone 12 comprised between two conical surfaces of different angles, so as to create a converging annular zone in which the tangential speed of the working fluid increases due to the restriction of the cross section to the tangential flow of the working fluid.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage of being able to be used in a wide range of flow rates.
  • the tangential speed in the region (I) of distribution of the working fluid can be modulated, unlike the longitudinal speed which results from the ratio of the flow rate to the passage section perpendicular to the axis of the device.
  • a comparable effect can be obtained, not by modifying the angle of introduction of the intake duct 11, but by modifying the position of a flap which has the effect of reducing more or less the tangential speed of flow.
  • the shutter 14 is an adjustable shutter which makes it possible to keep the tangential speed constant, even when the flow of working fluid varies.
  • This flap is raised when the flow of working fluid decreases, to compensate for the decrease in the speed with which the working fluid opens into the annular space 12 through the opening 10 and lowered when the flow of working fluid increases to compensate increase in the speed with which the working fluid emerges in the annular space 12 through the opening 10.
  • the device according to the invention can thus operate over a wide flow range.
  • FIG. 9A the distribution of the fluid to be compressed can be carried out in substantially the same manner as that shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C.
  • the flap 14 can rotate either around an axis substantially parallel to the axis of the device or around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the device. Finally, several flaps can be arranged so as to obtain a speed orientation effect better distributed over the periphery of the annular section.
  • the third zone (III) for compressing the mixture formed in the annular zone (A) by the working fluid and the low pressure fluid may also have a configuration different from that which is shown in FIG. 4A.
  • FIG. 10 Another example of the geometry of the third zone (III) is shown in FIG. 10.
  • the working fluid mixes with the low pressure fluid which arrives through the conduit 15 in the annular space (A).
  • the mixture of the two fluids flows in the annular space EA2 comprised between two substantially conical surfaces 13 and 26 whose generatrices form a different angle with the axis of the device, so as to create a divergent annular zone in which the mixture of the two fluids coming from the annular zone (A) emerges at the level of the smallest section and circulates with a decreasing tangential speed in the direction of the largest section.
  • the annular zone EA2 is provided, over part of its length, with rectifier blades R2 intended to promote the slowing down of the tangential speed. These rectifier blades can be in certain cases omitted, in order to simplify the manufacture of an apparatus operating according to the principle of the device according to the invention.
  • the mixture of the two fluids is then brought back towards the axis 19 of the device while circulating in the space ED2 comprised between two surfaces 27 and 28 placed in a manner substantially perpendicular to the axis of the device and is evacuated by the conduit 16.
  • the angle formed by the generatrices of the conical surfaces between which the space EA2 is comprised with the axis 19 of the device is preferably variable and gradually increases along this axis considering the direction of circulation of the fluid.
  • the working fluid mixes with the low pressure fluid which arrives through the conduit 17 in the annular space (A).
  • the mixture of the two fluids flows in the space EA3 between two placed surfaces substantially perpendicular to the axis 19 of the device and progressively connecting to the surfaces located on either side of the annular space (A).
  • the mixture circulates with a decreasing tangential speed towards the periphery.
  • the space ED3 At the periphery of the space EA3 it opens onto the space ED3 in which it is brought back towards the axis 19 of the device, the space ED3 being between two surfaces placed in a manner substantially perpendicular to the axis 19 of the device.
  • the ED3 space is provided with rectifier vanes R3, the geometry of which in a front view is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 11B.
  • the angle formed at a point of the blade between the tangent to the surface of the blade and the radius from this point varies between a value close to 90, at the entry (angle D1) and a value close to 0 , at the exit (angle D2), which makes it possible to gradually cancel the tangential speed.
  • the device can be used with liquid, gaseous, or even multiphase two-phase fluids.
  • the low pressure fluid to be compressed can be a gas or a vapor or in some cases a two-phase gas-liquid mixture.
  • the working fluid can also be either a gas or a liquid.
  • each of the fluids can be two-phase.
  • the section of the annular zone, of the nozzles or of the channels which is possibly provided with the first zone (I) of distribution of the working fluid does not constantly decrease between the inlet and the outlet of the working fluid, but passes through a minimum , the sonic neck being located at this minimum section, then growing again.
  • the flow velocity can be subsonic or supersonic. If it is supersonic, the flow section in the third compression zone (III) must also go through a minimum by first decreasing, then gradually increasing.

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Abstract

A process and device for compressing a fluid by releasing a working fluid that includes an initial pocket wherein the working fluid circulates, a second pocket in which the fluid to be compressed circulates, a third pocket wherein the mixture of the working fluid circulates along with the fluid to be compressed, with the mixture being supplied from a mixing pocket that is connected to the third pocket as well as to the first and second pockets. The mixing pocket has a ring-like configuration and the first and second pockets are connected to the mixing pocket through passages that are adapted to introduce the working fluid and fluid to be compressed substantially tangentially. The device is adaptable to compress or pump an effluent which is of an oil type nature.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'éjection permettant de comprimer et/ou pomper un fluide. Le dispositif selon la présente invention est d'un faible encombrement.The present invention relates to an ejection method and device for compressing and / or pumping a fluid. The device according to the present invention is compact.

D'une manière générale, les éjecteurs représentent un moyen simple et peu coûteux sur le plan des investissements pour comprimer un fluide. Cependant les dispositifs d'éjection selon l'art antérieur présentent un certain nombre d'inconvénients qui en limitent les possibilités d'application.In general, the ejectors represent a simple and inexpensive means in terms of investments for compressing a fluid. However, the ejection devices according to the prior art have a certain number of drawbacks which limit their possibilities of application.

En premier lieu, un encombrement linéaire important, un rendement énergétique réduit et une plage de fonctionnement réduite.First, a large linear footprint, reduced energy efficiency and a reduced operating range.

Le dispositif selon l'invention vise à pallier les inconvénients des dispositifs connus dans l'art antérieur.The device according to the invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the devices known in the prior art.

Plus précisément, la présente invention concerne un dispositif de compression d'un fluide par détente d'un fluide moteur comportant un premier compartiment dans lequel circule le fluide moteur, un deuxième compartiment dans lequel circule le fluide à comprimer, un troisième compartiment dans lequel circule le mélange du fluide moteur et du fluide à comprimer, ledit mélange provenant d'un compartiment de mélange relié au troisième compartiment ainsi qu'au premier et au deuxième compartiments. Le dispositif selon l'invention se caractérise notamment en ce que le compartiment de mélange a une forme annulaire et en ce que les premier et deuxième compartiments sont reliés au compartiment de mélange par des passages adaptés à introduire de manière sensiblement tangentielle le fluide moteur et le fluide à comprimer au compartiment de mélange ou compartiment annulaire.More specifically, the present invention relates to a device for compressing a fluid by expansion of a working fluid comprising a first compartment in which the working fluid circulates, a second compartment in which the fluid to be compressed circulates, a third compartment in which circulates mixing the working fluid and the fluid to be compressed, said mixture coming from a mixing compartment connected to the third compartment and to the first and second compartments. The device according to the invention is characterized in particular in that the mixing compartment has an annular shape and in that the first and second compartments are connected to the mixing compartment by passages adapted to introduce substantially tangentially the working fluid and the fluid to be compressed in the mixing compartment or annular compartment.

Ceci peut être réalisé notamment si les axes des passages reliant le premier et le deuxième compartiment sont sensiblement tangents au compartiment de mélange. Le compartiment annulaire, qui a un diamètre extérieur moyen et un diamètre intérieur moyen le délimitant, pourra être prévu pour que le rapport du diamètre extérieur moyen de la zone annulaire à l'écart entre ledit diamètre extérieur moyen et ledit diamètre intérieur moyen soit au moins égal à 5.This can be achieved in particular if the axes of the passages connecting the first and the second compartment are substantially tangent to the mixing compartment. The annular compartment, which has an average outside diameter and an average inside diameter delimiting it, may be provided so that the ratio of the average outside diameter of the annular zone to the difference between said average outside diameter and said average inside diameter is at least equal to 5.

Le deuxième compartiment de distribution du fluide à comprimer pourra comporter une couronne circulaire percée de canaux débouchant sur le compartiment annulaire, ces canaux pouvant être de préférence régulièrement espacés sur le pourtour dudit compartiment annulaire, et pouvant être incurvés de manière à introduire le fluide à comprimer avec une vitesse sensiblement tangentielle dans la zone annulaire.The second compartment for distributing the fluid to be compressed may comprise a circular crown pierced with channels opening onto the annular compartment, these channels possibly being regularly spaced around the periphery of said annular compartment, and being able to be curved so as to introduce the fluid to be compressed with a substantially tangential speed in the annular zone.

Le troisième compartiment de compression du mélange des deux fluides provenant dudit compartiment annulaire pourra comporter lui-même un espace annulaire dans lequel seront placés des aubages redresseurs adaptés à annuler progressivement la composante vitesse tangentielle du mélange en faisant remonter la pression.The third compartment for compressing the mixture of the two fluids from said annular compartment may itself include an annular space in which will be placed rectifier blades adapted to gradually cancel the tangential speed component of the mixture by raising the pressure.

Le premier compartiment de distribution du fluide moteur pourra comporter une série de tuyères convergentes débouchant dans le compartiment annulaire, les tuyères étant de préférence régulièrement espacées sur le pourtour du compartiment annulaire et étant inclinées de manière à introduire le fluide moteur avec une vitesse sensiblement tangentielle dans le compartiment annulaire.The first compartment for distributing the working fluid may comprise a series of converging nozzles opening into the annular compartment, the nozzles preferably being regularly spaced around the periphery of the annular compartment and being inclined so as to introduce the working fluid with a substantially tangential speed in the annular compartment.

Le premier compartiment de distribution du fluide moteur pourra comporter une couronne circulaire percée de canaux débouchant sur le compartiment annulaire, les canaux étant de préférence régulièrement espacés sur le pourtour du compartiment annulaire et ayant une forme convergente de manière à communiquer au fluide moteur une vitesse croissante, et ayant en outre une forme incurvée de manière à introduire le fluide à comprimer avec une vitesse sensiblement tangentielle au compartiment annulaire.The first distribution compartment for the working fluid may include a circular crown pierced with channels opening onto the annular compartment, the channels preferably being regularly spaced around the periphery of the annular compartment and having a convergent shape so as to communicate to the working fluid an increasing speed, and also having a curved shape so as to introduce the fluid to be compressed with a speed substantially tangential to the annular compartment.

Le premier compartiment de distribution du fluide moteur pourra comporter une zone annulaire comprise entre deux surfaces coniques dont les génératrices pourront former un angle différent avec l'axe du dispositif de manière à créer ladite zone annulaire convergente dans laquelle le fluide moteur sera introduit par une arrivée tangentielle au niveau de la plus grande section et circulera avec une vitesse tangentielle croissante jusqu'à la plus petite section qui communique avec le compartiment annulaire.The first compartment for distributing the working fluid may comprise an annular zone comprised between two conical surfaces whose generatrices may form a different angle with the axis of the device so as to create said converging annular zone into which the working fluid will be introduced by an inlet tangential at the level of the largest section and will travel with increasing tangential speed to the smallest section which communicates with the annular compartment.

Le troisième compartiment de compression du mélange des deux fluides provenant du compartiment annulaire pourra comporter, lui-même, une zone annulaire comprise entre deux surfaces coniques dont les génératrices pourront former un angle différent avec l'axe du dispositif, de manière à créer ladite zone annulaire divergente dans laquelle le mélange des deux fluides provenant du compartiment annulaire débouche au niveau de la plus petite section et circule avec une vitesse tangentielle décroissante jusqu'à la plus grande section.The third compartment for compressing the mixture of the two fluids coming from the annular compartment may itself include an annular zone comprised between two conical surfaces whose generatrices may form a different angle with the axis of the device, so as to create said zone divergent annulus in which the mixture of the two fluids coming from the annular compartment opens at the level of the smallest section and circulates with a decreasing tangential speed to the largest section.

Le troisième compartiment de compression pourra comporter un premier espace compris entre deux surfaces placées de manière sensiblement transversale par rapport à l'axe du dispositif dans lequel le mélange pourra circuler avec une vitesse tangentielle décroissante en étant évacué à la périphérie dudit premier espace, ledit premier espace étant suivi d'un second espace également compris entre deux surfaces placées de manière sensiblement transversale par rapport à l'axe du dispositif dans lequel le mélange est ramené vers l'axe du dispositif en circulant avec une vitesse tangentielle décroissante, le second espace pourra être muni d'aubages redresseurs permettant d'annuler progressivement la vitesse tangentielle du mélange.The third compression compartment may include a first space between two surfaces placed substantially transverse to the axis of the device in which the mixture can circulate with a decreasing tangential speed while being evacuated at the periphery of said first space, said first space followed by a second space also between two surfaces placed substantially transversely to the axis of the device in which the mixture is brought towards the axis of the device by circulating with a decreasing tangential speed, the second space may be provided with straightening vanes making it possible to gradually cancel the tangential speed of the mixture.

L'angle d'introduction du fluide moteur dans le premier compartiment de distribution du fluide moteur pourra être modifié lorsque le débit dudit fluide moteur varie, de manière à maintenir la vitesse tangentielle de circulation du fluide moteur sensiblement constante.The angle of introduction of the working fluid into the first distribution compartment of the working fluid may be modified when the flow rate of said working fluid varies, so as to keep the tangential speed of circulation of the working fluid substantially constant.

Le dispositif selon l'invention pourra être utilisé pour comprimer un gaz ou une vapeur ou pour comprimer un liquide.The device according to the invention can be used to compress a gas or a vapor or to compress a liquid.

Le fluide moteur pourra être constitué par un gaz ou une vapeur, ou encore par un liquide.The working fluid may consist of a gas or a vapor, or even a liquid.

La présente invention concerne également un procédé de compression d'un fluide par détente d'un fluide moteur. Le procédé selon l'invention se caractérise en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes prises en combinaison suivant lesquelles :

  • a) on fait entrer le fluide moteur dans une première zone dans laquelle il circule dans une section de passage décroissante avec une vitesse croissante, en sortant de cette première zone à un niveau de pression inférieur à celui du fluide basse pression à comprimer,
  • b) à la sortie de ladite première zone on fait déboucher ledit fluide moteur dans une zone annulaire suivant une direction sensiblement tangentielle,
  • c) on fait déboucher selon une direction sensiblement tangentielle dans la zone annulaire le fluide basse pression à comprimer en le faisant passer à travers une deuxième zone,
  • d) on mélange dans ladite deuxième zone annulaire le fluide moteur et le fluide à comprimer en conférant au mélange une vitesse tangentielle sensiblement uniforme dans toute la zone annulaire et
  • e) on fait passer le mélange provenant de l'étape (d) dans une troisième zone dans laquelle la vitesse tangentielle est progressivement annulée, la pression remontant corrélativement.
The present invention also relates to a method of compressing a fluid by expansion of a working fluid. The method according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps taken in combination according to which:
  • a) the working fluid is brought into a first zone in which it circulates in a decreasing passage section with increasing speed, leaving this first zone at a pressure level lower than that of the low pressure fluid to be compressed,
  • b) at the outlet of said first zone, said working fluid is made to open into an annular zone in a substantially tangential direction,
  • c) the low pressure fluid to be compressed is made to open in a substantially tangential direction in the annular zone by passing it through a second zone,
  • d) the working fluid is mixed in said second annular zone and the fluid to be compressed by giving the mixture a substantially uniform tangential speed throughout the annular zone and
  • e) the mixture from step (d) is passed into a third zone in which the tangential speed is progressively canceled, the pressure rising correspondingly.

La présente invention sera bien comprise à la description d'exemples particuliers qui suivent, illustrés par les figures ci-annexées parmi lesquelles :

  • - les figures 1 et 2 illustrent schématiquement des éjecteurs selon l'art antérieur,
  • - la figure 3 représente le schéma de principe du procédé selon la présente invention,
  • - les figures 4A à 4C illustrent un premier mode de réalisation du dispositif selon la présente invention.
  • - les figures 5 à 7 montrent différentes variantes de ce mode de réalisation,
  • - les figures 8 et 9 illustrent différents modes de réalisation concernant la première et la deuxième zones du dispositif selon la présente invention, et
  • - les figures 10, 11A et 11B représentent différents modes de réalisations concernant la troisième zone du dispositif selon la présente invention.
The present invention will be better understood from the description of particular examples which follow, illustrated by the appended figures among which:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically illustrate ejectors according to the prior art,
  • FIG. 3 represents the block diagram of the method according to the present invention,
  • - Figures 4A to 4C illustrate a first embodiment of the device according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 show different variants of this embodiment,
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate different embodiments relating to the first and the second zones of the device according to the present invention, and
  • - Figures 10, 11A and 11B show different embodiments relating to the third zone of the device according to the present invention.

Le schéma de la figure 1 permet d'illustrer le principe d'un dispositif d'éjection selon l'art antérieur.The diagram in FIG. 1 illustrates the principle of an ejection device according to the prior art.

Le fluide à comprimer arrive par le conduit d'aspiration 1.The fluid to be compressed arrives via the suction pipe 1.

Le travail de compression est fourni par un fluide moteur qui arrive par le conduit 2.The compression work is provided by a working fluid which arrives through line 2.

Dans le convergent 3 la vitesse du fluide moteur augmente et corrélativement sa pression baisse.In the convergent 3 the speed of the working fluid increases and correspondingly its pressure decreases.

Le fluide à comprimer et le fluide moteur peuvent être ainsi admis dans la zone de mélange 4 à un même niveau de pression. Dans la zone de mélange 4 se produit un échange de quantité de mouvement entre le fluide moteur et le fluide à comprimer et à la sortie de la zone de mélange le champ des vitesses peut être considéré comme sensiblement uniforme.The fluid to be compressed and the working fluid can thus be admitted into the mixing zone 4 at the same pressure level. In the mixing zone 4, there is an exchange of momentum between the working fluid and the fluid to be compressed and at the exit from the mixing zone the speed field can be considered to be substantially uniform.

Dans le diffuseur 5 la vitesse du mélange des deux fluides est réduite et corrélativement la pression remonte.In the diffuser 5 the speed of mixing of the two fluids is reduced and correspondingly the pressure rises.

Globalement, le dispositif a permis de comprimer le fluide arrivant par le conduit 1 en détendant partiellement le fluide moteur arrivant par le conduit 2.Overall, the device made it possible to compress the fluid arriving via line 1 by partially relaxing the working fluid arriving via line 2.

Comme cela a été déjà indiqué un tel dispositif présente de nombreux avantages :

- Il est entièrement statique, ce qui le rend parfaitement fiable. Il ne nécessite pas de lubrifiant et ne présente pas les problèmes de fuites aux paliers des compresseurs munis d'un rotor.

- Il est simple et peu coûteux à réaliser, ce qui le rend particulièrement attrayant chaque fois qu'il est important de limiter le niveau de l'investissement.
As already indicated, such a device has many advantages:

- It is completely static, which makes it perfectly reliable. It does not require lubricant and does not present leakage problems at the bearings of compressors fitted with a rotor.

- It is simple and inexpensive to make, which makes it particularly attractive whenever it is important to limit the level of investment.

Un tel dispositif peut être utilisé avec différents fluides liquides ou gazeux. Un exemple d'utilisation d'un éjectocompresseur gaz-gaz est décrit dans la demande de brevet français enregistrée le 28 Juin 1985 sous le numéro 85/09844, cette demande décrivant la compression par un tel dispositif de la vapeur de tête provenant d'une distillation.Such a device can be used with different liquid fluids or gaseous. An example of the use of a gas-gas ejectocompressor is described in the French patent application registered on June 28, 1985 under number 85/09844, this application describing the compression by such a device of the overhead vapor from a distillation.

Toutefois, à côté de ces avantages importants, ces dispositifs présentent aussi des inconvénients qui en limitent l'utilisation :

- Le rendement énergétique est réduit du fait des pertes par frottement. Ces pertes ont lieu essentiellement dans le mélangeur et dans le diffuseur.
However, in addition to these important advantages, these devices also have drawbacks which limit their use:

- Energy efficiency is reduced due to friction losses. These losses take place mainly in the mixer and in the diffuser.

Dans le mélangeur les pertes par frottement peuvent représenter de 5 à 15 % de l'énergie cinétique du mélange. Ces pertes sont liées à l'hétérogénéité du champ des vitesses à l'entrée du mélangeur et au fait que le mélangeur doit avoir une longueur suffisante pour homogénéiser ce champ de vitesses.In the mixer the friction losses can represent from 5 to 15% of the kinetic energy of the mixture. These losses are linked to the heterogeneity of the speed field at the inlet of the mixer and to the fact that the mixer must have a sufficient length to homogenize this speed field.

Les pertes les plus importantes ont lieu dans le diffuseur.The greatest losses take place in the diffuser.

La génératrice du diffuseur ne doit pas faire avec l'axe un angle supérieur à 7° environ, en raison des risques d'instabilité de l'écoulement et de ce fait la longueur du diffuseur est importante par rapport au diamètre. Il en résulte des pertes atteignant 15 à 60 % de l'énergie cinétique du mélange, selon le rapport des sections et la technique adoptée.The generator of the diffuser must not make an angle with the axis greater than approximately 7 °, because of the risks of instability of the flow and therefore the length of the diffuser is important compared to the diameter. This results in losses reaching 15 to 60% of the kinetic energy of the mixture, depending on the ratio of the sections and the technique adopted.

En outre, ces pertes étant rapportées à l'énergie cinétique du mélange, plus le facteur de dilution du fluide moteur par le fluide entraîné augmente, plus le rendement diminue, une part de plus en plus faible du travail de détente du fluide moteur étant transformée en travail de compression du fluide entraîné.

- Une autre difficulté provient du fait qu'à charge partielle les sections ne sont plus adaptées aux débits qui circulent dans le dispositif. De ce fait la plage de fonctionnement est relativement étroite et pour pouvoir faire varier le débit de fluide à comprimer il est nécessaire de disposer d'une batterie d'éjecto-compresseurs qui sont mis en route successivement.
In addition, these losses being related to the kinetic energy of the mixture, the more the dilution factor of the working fluid by the entrained fluid increases, the more the efficiency decreases, an increasingly smaller part of the expansion work of the working fluid being transformed in compression work of the entrained fluid.

- Another difficulty stems from the fact that at partial load the sections are no longer adapted to the flows circulating in the device. Therefore the operating range is relatively narrow and to be able to vary the flow rate of fluid to be compressed it is necessary to have a battery of ejecto-compressors which are started up successively.

Pour pouvoir réduire la longueur du diffuseur il a été proposé de créer dans la zone d'arrivée du fluide moteur et dans la zone de départ du mélange un mouvement tourbillonnaire dont la vitesse s'accroit en se rapprochant de l'axe du dispositif par conservation de la quantité du mouvement. Un tel mouvement tourbillonnaire est crée en introduisant le fluide moteur tangentiellement dans la partie convergente du dispositif. De tels dispositifs font l'objet notamment du brevet américain US-A 4.245.961 et des brevets soviétiques SU-A 731220 et 1.125.417.In order to be able to reduce the length of the diffuser, it has been proposed to create a vortex movement in the inlet region of the working fluid and in the starting area of the mixture, the speed of which increases as it approaches the axis of the device by conservation. of the momentum. Such a vortex movement is created by introducing the working fluid tangentially into the converging part of the device. Such devices are the subject in particular of US patent US-A 4,245,961 and Soviet patents SU-A 731220 and 1,125,417.

Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 2, le fluide à comprimer qui arrive par la tuyère 6 débouche au centre du tourbillon formé par le fluide moteur.As shown in Figure 2, the fluid to be compressed which arrives through the nozzle 6 opens at the center of the vortex formed by the working fluid.

Une telle disposition permet de réduire la longueur du divergent, mais elle conduit à une augmentation de l'hétérogénéité du champ des vitesses défavorable au rendement.Such an arrangement makes it possible to reduce the length of the divergent, but it leads to an increase in the heterogeneity of the field of speeds unfavorable to the yield.

Le principe du dispositif selon l'invention est illustré très schématiquement sur la figure 3.The principle of the device according to the invention is illustrated very schematically in FIG. 3.

Il consiste essentiellement :

  • a) à faire entrer le fluide moteur dans une première zone (I), ou premier compartiment, dans laquelle il circule dans une section de passage décroissante avec une vitesse croissante, en sortant de la zone (I) à une pression inférieure à la pression du fluide basse pression à comprimer;
  • b) à la sortie de la première zone (I), à faire déboucher le fluide moteur dans une zone annulaire (A), ou compartiment annulaire, suivant une direction sensiblement tangentielle;
  • c) à faire déboucher suivant une direction sensiblement tangentielle dans la zone annulaire (A) le fluide basse pression à comprimer en le faisant passer à travers une deuxième zone (II) ou deuxième compartiment;
  • d) à mélanger dans la zone annulaire (A) le fluide moteur et le fluide basse pression à comprimer en conférant au mélange une vitesse tangentielle sensiblement uniforme dans toute la zone annulaire (A);
  • e) à faire passer le mélange provenant de l'étape (d) dans une troisième zone (III) ou troisième compartiment, dans laquelle la vitesse tangentielle est progressivement annulée, la pression remontant corrélativement.
It essentially consists of:
  • a) causing the working fluid to enter a first zone (I), or first compartment, in which it circulates in a decreasing passage section with increasing speed, leaving the zone (I) at a pressure lower than the pressure low pressure fluid to be compressed;
  • b) at the outlet of the first zone (I), causing the working fluid to open into an annular zone (A), or annular compartment, in a substantially tangential direction;
  • c) causing the low pressure fluid to be compressed in a substantially tangential direction in the annular zone (A) by passing it through a second zone (II) or second compartment;
  • d) mixing in the annular zone (A) the working fluid and the low pressure fluid to be compressed by giving the mixture a substantially uniform tangential speed throughout the annular zone (A);
  • e) passing the mixture from step (d) into a third zone (III) or third compartment, in which the tangential speed is progressively canceled, the pressure rising correspondingly.

Il a été découvert également que pour favoriser un champ de vitesses tangentielles sensiblement uniforme dans la zone annulaire (A), ce qui permet de réduire les pertes par frottement dans ladite zone annulaire, il est préférable que l'écart entre le diamètre extérieur moyen de la zone annulaire (A) et le diamètre intérieur moyen de la zone annulaire (A) soit réduit par rapport au diamètre extérieur moyen, le rapport du diamètre extérieur moyen de la zone annulaire (A) à l'écart entre le diamètre extérieur moyen et le diamètre intérieur moyen de la zone annulaire (A) étant de préférence supérieur à 5.It has also been discovered that in order to promote a substantially uniform tangential velocity field in the annular zone (A), which makes it possible to reduce the friction losses in said annular zone, it is preferable that the difference between the mean outside diameter of the annular zone (A) and the mean internal diameter of the annular zone (A) is reduced compared to the mean external diameter, the ratio of the mean external diameter of the annular zone (A) to the difference between the mean external diameter and the mean internal diameter of the annular zone (A) being preferably greater than 5.

Les positions respectives de la première et de la deuxième zones (I) et (II) peuvent être modifiées.The respective positions of the first and second zones (I) and (II) can be changed.

C'est ainsi que la première zone (I) d'introduction du fluide moteur peut être placée à l'intérieur dudit espace annulaire et la deuxième zone (II) d'introduction du fluide basse pression à comprimer à l'extérieur dudit espace annulaire. Ainsi les zones (I) et (II) sont placées à des diamètres différents. Dans certaines conditions la première et la deuxième zones (I) et (II) peuvent même être situées du même côté de la zone annulaire (A), comme le montrent les exemples de réalisation qui suivent.Thus the first zone (I) of introduction of the working fluid can be placed inside said annular space and the second zone (II) of introduction of the low pressure fluid to be compressed at the exterior of said annular space. Thus zones (I) and (II) are placed at different diameters. Under certain conditions, the first and second zones (I) and (II) may even be located on the same side of the annular zone (A), as shown in the following exemplary embodiments.

Un premier exemple de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention est représenté par les schémas des figures 4A et 4B.A first embodiment of the device according to the invention is represented by the diagrams of FIGS. 4A and 4B.

La figure 4A représente une coupe longitudinale du dispositif suivant le plan A-A indiqué sur la figure 4B et la figure 4B une coupe transversale du dispositif par le plan B-B indiqué sur la figure 4A.FIG. 4A represents a longitudinal section of the device along the plane A-A indicated in FIG. 4B and in FIG. 4B a transverse section of the device by the plane B-B indicated in FIG. 4A.

Le fluide basse pression à comprimer arrive par le conduit 7. Il est ensuite distribué à travers une couronne circulaire C qui représente dans cet exemple de réalisation la deuxième zone de distribution (II). Dans cette couronne circulaire il est distribué suivant une série de canaux tels que C1, C2, C3, C4 disposés sensiblement radialement et placés à intervalles réguliers. Ces canaux sont convergents, c'est-à-dire que leur section décroit vers la périphérie de ladite couronne circulaire, de manière à communiquer au fluide basse pression à comprimer une vitesse croissante et sont incurvés de manière à introduire le fluide basse pression à comprimer avec une vitesse sensiblement tangentielle dans la zone annulaire (A).The low pressure fluid to be compressed arrives via the conduit 7. It is then distributed through a circular crown C which in this embodiment represents the second distribution zone (II). In this circular crown it is distributed along a series of channels such as C1, C2, C3, C4 arranged substantially radially and placed at regular intervals. These channels are convergent, that is to say that their section decreases towards the periphery of said circular ring, so as to communicate to the low pressure fluid to be compressed at an increasing speed and are curved so as to introduce the low pressure fluid to be compressed with a substantially tangential speed in the annular zone (A).

Le fluide moteur arrive par une série de tuyères convergentes telles que T1, T2, T3. Dans cet exemple de réalisation ces tuyères T représentent la première zone (I) de distribution du fluide moteur. Les tuyères d'admission T du fluide moteur sont convergentes, de manière à communiquer au fluide moteur une vitesse croissante, tout en diminuant sa pression, de manière à l'amener à un niveau inférieur à celui du fluide à comprimer et sont inclinées de manière à introduire le fluide moteur avec une vitesse tangentielle dans la zone annulaire (A).The working fluid arrives through a series of converging nozzles such as T1, T2, T3. In this exemplary embodiment, these nozzles T represent the first zone (I) for distributing the working fluid. The inlet nozzles T of the working fluid are convergent, so as to impart an increasing speed to the working fluid, while reducing its pressure, so as to bring it to a level lower than that of the fluid to be compressed and are inclined so introducing the working fluid with a tangential speed into the annular zone (A).

De manière préférée les orifices situés de part et d'autre de la zone annulaire (A) par lesquels débouchent respectivement les canaux tels que C1, C2, et C3 et les tuyères telles que T1, T2 et T3 sont placés en vis à vis.Preferably, the orifices located on either side of the annular zone (A) through which the channels such as C1, C2, and C3 open respectively and the nozzles such as T1, T2 and T3 are placed opposite.

Le fluide moteur et le fluide basse pression à comprimer sont mélangés dans la zone annulaire (A) et le mélange de ces deux fluides circule avec un mouvement giratoire avec une vitesse moyenne sensiblement uniforme sur toute la circonférence de l'espace annulaire (A) et sur toute la section de passage de l'espace annulaire (A).The working fluid and the low pressure fluid to be compressed are mixed in the annular zone (A) and the mixture of these two fluids circulates with a gyratory movement with an average speed substantially uniform over the entire circumference of the annular space (A) and over the entire passage section of the annular space (A).

Le mélange des deux fluides débouche alors sur un espace annulaire EA1 qui prolonge l'espace annulaire (A) dans lequel sont placés des aubages redresseurs R1 qui permettent d'annuler progressivement la composante tangentielle de la vitesse du mélange dont la pression remonte corrélativement. Le profil de l'un de ces aubages R1 est représenté sur la figure 4C.The mixture of the two fluids then leads to an annular space EA1 which extends the annular space (A) in which are placed rectifier blades R1 which make it possible to gradually cancel the tangential component of the speed of the mixture whose pressure rises correlatively. The profile of one of these blades R1 is shown in Figure 4C.

A l'admission du mélange dans l'espace annulaire EA1, l'aubage forme avec l'axe longitudinal 19 du dispositif un angle D3 proche de 90,. Cet angle diminue ensuite progressivement en se rapprochant d'une valeur nulle, de manière à réduire progressivement la vitesse tangentielle du mélange.When the mixture is admitted into the annular space EA1, the blading forms with the longitudinal axis 19 of the device an angle D3 close to 90,. This angle then gradually decreases as it approaches a zero value, so as to gradually reduce the tangential speed of the mixture.

Le mélange se trouve ainsi comprimé. Il est alors évacué à travers l'espace ED1 vers le conduit d'évacuation 8.The mixture is thus compressed. It is then evacuated through the space ED1 towards the evacuation duct 8.

Les première, deuxième et troisième zones (I), (II) et (III) peuvent être réalisées avec des géométries différentes, tout en étant conformes au principe de l'invention.The first, second and third zones (I), (II) and (III) can be produced with different geometries, while being in accordance with the principle of the invention.

La couronne circulaire C de distribution du fluide basse pression à comprimer peut avoir un diamètre intérieur différent du conduit d'arrivée 7. En particulier en augmentant ce diamètre intérieur, on réduit la largeur de ladite couronne circulaire qui se présente selon le schéma de la figure 5, ce qui permet d'en simplifier la réalisation. La référence 20 de la figure 5 représente le diamètre extérieur de la couronne circulaire C et la référence 21 désigne la ligne pointillée correspondant à la trace du conduit d'arrivée 7.The circular crown C for distributing the low pressure fluid to be compressed may have an internal diameter different from the inlet duct 7. In particular by increasing this internal diameter, reduces the width of said circular crown which is presented according to the diagram in FIG. 5, which makes it possible to simplify its production. The reference 20 in FIG. 5 represents the outside diameter of the circular crown C and the reference 21 designates the dotted line corresponding to the trace of the inlet duct 7.

La géométrie schématisée sur les figures 4A, 4B et 4C est particulièrement avantageuse lorsque le fluide basse pression à comprimer est admis dans l'espace annulaire (A) avec une vitesse relativement faible.The geometry shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C is particularly advantageous when the low pressure fluid to be compressed is admitted into the annular space (A) with a relatively low speed.

Dans le cas contraire, il est préférable de communiquer cette vitesse progressivement de manière à éviter une perte de charge relativement importante à l'admission. Ceci est réalisé en modifiant progressivement la section des canaux tels que C1, C2, C3, ce qui implique une longueur suffisante de ces canaux et une couronne de distribution relativement large.Otherwise, it is preferable to communicate this speed gradually so as to avoid a relatively large pressure drop on admission. This is achieved by gradually modifying the section of the channels such as C1, C2, C3, which implies a sufficient length of these channels and a relatively wide distribution ring.

La couronne de distribution du fluide basse pression peut être réalisée soit en évidant des canaux sur une pièce pleine, soit au moyen d'aubages 22 permettant d'orienter tangentiellement le fluide selon le schéma de la figure 6.The low pressure fluid distribution ring can be produced either by hollowing out channels on a solid part, or by means of blades 22 making it possible to orient the fluid tangentially according to the diagram in FIG. 6.

Une autre possibilité consiste à distribuer le fluide basse pression à comprimer suivant une série de tuyères disposées régulièrement comme les canaux tels que C1, C2, C3 et inclinées de manière à faire déboucher le fluide basse pression à comprimer dans l'espace annulaire (A) avec une vitesse tangentielle.Another possibility consists in distributing the low pressure fluid to be compressed according to a series of nozzles regularly arranged like the channels such as C1, C2, C3 and inclined so as to cause the low pressure fluid to be compressed in the annular space (A) with tangential speed.

La distribution du fluide moteur dans la première zone (I) peut être également réalisée de manière différente de celle décrite précédemment.The distribution of the working fluid in the first zone (I) can also be carried out in a different manner from that described above.

Le fluide moteur peut être distribué à travers une couronne circulaire telle que celle qui est schématisée sur la figure 7. Dans cette couronne circulaire il est distribué suivant une série de canaux tels que T10, T11, T12, T13, T14 disposés radialement et placés à intervalles réguliers. Ces canaux sont convergents, c'est-à-dire que leur section décroît vers l'intérieur de ladite couronne circulaire de manière à communiquer au fluide moteur une vitesse croissante et sont incurvés de manière à introduire le fluide moteur avec une vitesse sensiblement tangentielle dans la zone circulaire (A).The working fluid can be distributed through a circular ring such as that which is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7. In this circular crown it is distributed along a series of channels such as T10, T11, T12, T13, T14 arranged radially and placed at regular intervals. These channels are convergent, that is to say that their section decreases towards the inside of said circular ring so as to communicate to the working fluid an increasing speed and are curved so as to introduce the working fluid with a substantially tangential speed into the circular area (A).

Le diamètre intérieur de la couronne de distribution peut être supérieur au diamètre extérieur de la zone annulaire (A) et la couronne de distribution peut être décalée en position longitudinale par rapport à la zone annulaire (A), comme cela est présenté sur le schéma de réalisation de la figure 8. Dans cet exemple de réalisation le fluide moteur arrive tangentiellement par l'ouverture 23. Il rejoint la zone annulaire de mélange avec le fluide basse pression à travers la zone annulaire incurvée 24. La zone annulaire intermédiaire 24 a une forme convergente, ce qui permet d'augmenter la vitesse tangentielle du fluide moteur. La référence CD1 désigne la couronne de distribution du fluide moteur qui pourra comporter de préférence des ailettes.The internal diameter of the distribution crown can be greater than the external diameter of the annular zone (A) and the distribution crown can be offset in longitudinal position with respect to the annular zone (A), as shown in the diagram of embodiment of FIG. 8. In this embodiment, the working fluid arrives tangentially through the opening 23. It joins the annular zone for mixing with the low pressure fluid through the curved annular zone 24. The intermediate annular zone 24 has a shape convergent, which increases the tangential speed of the working fluid. The reference CD1 designates the crown for distributing the working fluid which may preferably include fins.

Le fluide basse pression à comprimer arrive par le conduit 25. Il est mis en rotation dans la couronne de distribution CD2 et se mélange avec le fluide moteur dans la zone annulaire (A). Cette couronne pourra comporter de préférence des ailettes. Dans cette exemple les deux premières zones de distribution (I) et (II) sont placées radialement du même côté de la zone annulaire (A).The low pressure fluid to be compressed arrives via the conduit 25. It is rotated in the distribution ring CD2 and mixes with the working fluid in the annular zone (A). This crown may preferably include fins. In this example the first two distribution zones (I) and (II) are placed radially on the same side of the annular zone (A).

Une zone annulaire convergente, telle que la zone annulaire intermédiaire 24 avec une arrivée tangentielle, peut également remplacer le système multituyères tel, que celui qui est représenté sur la figure 5, ou une couronne de distribution, telle que celle représentée sur la figure 7.A converging annular zone, such as the intermediate annular zone 24 with a tangential inlet, can also replace the multitireal system such as that shown in FIG. 5, or a distribution crown, such as that represented in FIG. 7.

Une telle disposition est représentée sur la figure 9A. Le fluide moteur arrive tangentiellement par l'ouverture 10. Il passe alors dans la zone annulaire 12 comprise entre deux surfaces coniques d'angles différents, de manière à créer une zone annulaire convergente dans lequelle la vitesse tangentielle du fluide moteur augmente du fait de la restriction de la section transversale à l'écoulement tangentiel du fluide moteur.Such an arrangement is shown in FIG. 9A. The working fluid arrives tangentially through the opening 10. It then passes into the annular zone 12 comprised between two conical surfaces of different angles, so as to create a converging annular zone in which the tangential speed of the working fluid increases due to the restriction of the cross section to the tangential flow of the working fluid.

Le dispositif selon l'invention présente l'avantage de pouvoir être utilisé dans une large gamme de débits.The device according to the invention has the advantage of being able to be used in a wide range of flow rates.

En effet la vitesse tangentielle dans la zone (I) de distribution du fluide moteur peut être modulée, contrairement à la vitesse longitudinale qui résulte du rapport du débit à la section de passage perpendiculaire à l'axe du dispositif.Indeed, the tangential speed in the region (I) of distribution of the working fluid can be modulated, unlike the longitudinal speed which results from the ratio of the flow rate to the passage section perpendicular to the axis of the device.

Ainsi, si l'on considère le mode de réalisation schématisé sur la figure 9A, pour un débit de fluide moteur fixé, une vitesse tangentielle variable peut être obtenue en faisant varier l'angle d'introduction du conduit d'admission 11 qui débouche sur l'ouverture 10.Thus, if we consider the embodiment shown diagrammatically in FIG. 9A, for a fixed flow of working fluid, a variable tangential speed can be obtained by varying the angle of introduction of the intake duct 11 which leads to opening 10.

Inversement une vitesse tangentielle constante peut être obtenue pour un débit de fluide moteur variable en faisant varier ce même angle d'introduction.Conversely, a constant tangential speed can be obtained for a variable flow of working fluid by varying this same angle of introduction.

Un effet comparable peut être obtenu, non pas en modifiant l'angle d'introduction du conduit d'admission 11, mais en modifiant la position d'un volet qui a pour effet de réduire plus ou moins la vitesse tangentielle d'écoulement.A comparable effect can be obtained, not by modifying the angle of introduction of the intake duct 11, but by modifying the position of a flap which has the effect of reducing more or less the tangential speed of flow.

L'arrivée tangentielle du fluide moteur par la canalisation 11 est schématisée suivant une coupe transversale cc sur la figure 9B.The tangential arrival of the working fluid through the pipe 11 is shown diagrammatically in a cross section cc in FIG. 9B.

Le volet 14 est un volet réglable qui permet de maintenir la vitesse tangentielle constante, même lorsque le débit de fluide moteur varie. Ce volet est relevé lorsque le débit de fluide moteur diminue, pour compenser la diminution de la vitesse avec laquelle le fluide moteur débouche dans l'espace annulaire 12 à travers l'ouverture 10 et abaissé lorsque le débit de fluide moteur augmente pour compenser l'augmentation de la vitesse avec laquelle le fluide moteur débouche dans l'espace annulaire 12 à travers l'ouverture 10. Le dispositif selon l'invention peut ainsi fonctionner sur une gamme de débit étendu. Sur la figure 9A, la distribution du fluide à comprimer peut être réalisée sensiblement de la même manière que celle représentée aux figures 4B et 4C.The shutter 14 is an adjustable shutter which makes it possible to keep the tangential speed constant, even when the flow of working fluid varies. This flap is raised when the flow of working fluid decreases, to compensate for the decrease in the speed with which the working fluid opens into the annular space 12 through the opening 10 and lowered when the flow of working fluid increases to compensate increase in the speed with which the working fluid emerges in the annular space 12 through the opening 10. The device according to the invention can thus operate over a wide flow range. In FIG. 9A, the distribution of the fluid to be compressed can be carried out in substantially the same manner as that shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C.

Différentes positions du volet 14 sur la périphérie de la section annulaire peuvent être envisagées. Le volet 14 peut tourner soit autour d'un axe sensiblement parallèle à l'axe du dispositif soit autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe du dispositif. Enfin plusieurs volets peuvent être disposés de manière à obtenir un effet d'orientation de la vitesse mieux réparti sur la périphérie de la section annulaire.Different positions of the flap 14 on the periphery of the annular section can be envisaged. The flap 14 can rotate either around an axis substantially parallel to the axis of the device or around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the device. Finally, several flaps can be arranged so as to obtain a speed orientation effect better distributed over the periphery of the annular section.

La troisième zone (III) de compression du mélange formé dans la zone annulaire (A) par le fluide moteur et le fluide basse pression peut également avoir une configuration différente de celle qui est représentée sur la figure 4A.The third zone (III) for compressing the mixture formed in the annular zone (A) by the working fluid and the low pressure fluid may also have a configuration different from that which is shown in FIG. 4A.

Un autre exemple de géométrie de la troisième zone (III) est représenté sur la figure 10.Another example of the geometry of the third zone (III) is shown in FIG. 10.

Le fluide moteur se mélange avec le fluide basse pression qui arrive par le conduit 15 dans l'espace annulaire (A). Le mélange des deux fluides s'écoule dans l'espace annulaire EA2 compris entre deux surfaces sensiblement coniques 13 et 26 dont les génératrices forment un angle différent avec l'axe du dispositif, de manière à créer une zone annulaire divergente dans laquelle le mélange des deux fluides provenant de la zone annulaire (A) débouche au niveau de la plus petite section et circule avec une vitesse tangentielle décroissante dans le sens de la plus grande section. Dans le mode de réalisation présenté, la zone annulaire EA2 est munie, sur une partie de sa longueur, d'aubages redresseurs R2 destinés à favoriser le ralentissement de la vitesse tangentielle. Ces aubages redresseurs peuvent être dans certains cas omis, afin de simplifier la fabrication d'un appareil fonctionnant selon le principe du dispositif selon l'invention.The working fluid mixes with the low pressure fluid which arrives through the conduit 15 in the annular space (A). The mixture of the two fluids flows in the annular space EA2 comprised between two substantially conical surfaces 13 and 26 whose generatrices form a different angle with the axis of the device, so as to create a divergent annular zone in which the mixture of the two fluids coming from the annular zone (A) emerges at the level of the smallest section and circulates with a decreasing tangential speed in the direction of the largest section. In the embodiment presented, the annular zone EA2 is provided, over part of its length, with rectifier blades R2 intended to promote the slowing down of the tangential speed. These rectifier blades can be in certain cases omitted, in order to simplify the manufacture of an apparatus operating according to the principle of the device according to the invention.

Le mélange des deux fluides est alors ramené vers l'axe 19 du dispositif en circulant dans l'espace ED2 compris entre deux surfaces 27 et 28 placées de manière sensiblement perpendiculaires à l'axe du dispositif et est évacué par le conduit 16.The mixture of the two fluids is then brought back towards the axis 19 of the device while circulating in the space ED2 comprised between two surfaces 27 and 28 placed in a manner substantially perpendicular to the axis of the device and is evacuated by the conduit 16.

L'angle que forment les génératrices des surfaces coniques entre lesquelles est compris l'espace EA2 avec l'axe 19 du dispositif est de préférence variable et augmente progressivement le long de cet axe en considérant le sens de circulation du fluide.The angle formed by the generatrices of the conical surfaces between which the space EA2 is comprised with the axis 19 of the device is preferably variable and gradually increases along this axis considering the direction of circulation of the fluid.

Dans le but de rendre le dispositif plus compact et en même temps de réduire les pertes par frottement dans la troisième zone de compression (III), il est possible de réduire la longueur de l'espace EA2 en augmentant l'angle que forment les génératrices des surfaces entre lesquelles est compris ledit espace jusqu'à une valeur proche de 90°.In order to make the device more compact and at the same time reduce the friction losses in the third compression zone (III), it is possible to reduce the length of the space EA2 by increasing the angle formed by the generatrices surfaces between which said space is included up to a value close to 90 °.

On aboutit ainsi à une géométrie telle que celle représentée sur la figure 11A.This results in a geometry such as that shown in Figure 11A.

Le fluide moteur se mélange avec le fluide basse pression qui arrive par le conduit 17 dans l'espace annulaire (A). Le mélange des deux fluides s'écoule dans l'espace EA3 compris entre deux surfaces placées de manière sensiblement perpendiculaire par rapport à l'axe 19 du dispositif et se raccordant de manière progressive aux surfaces situées de part et d'autre de l'espace annulaire (A). Dans l'espace EA3 le mélange circule avec une vitesse tangentielle décroissante vers la périphérie. A la périphérie de l'espace EA3 il débouche sur l'espace ED3 dans lequel il est ramené vers l'axe 19 du dispositif, l'espace ED3 étant compris entre deux surfaces placées de manière sensiblement perpendiculaire par rapport à l'axe 19 du dispositif. L'espace ED3 est muni d'aubages redresseurs R3 dont la géométrie suivant une vue frontale est schématisée sur la figure 11B. L'angle formé en un point de l'aubage entre la tangente à la surface de l'aubage et le rayon issu de ce point varie entre une valeur proche de 90, à l'entrée (angle D1) et une valeur proche de 0, à la sortie (angle D2), ce qui permet d'annuler progressivement la vitesse tangentielle.The working fluid mixes with the low pressure fluid which arrives through the conduit 17 in the annular space (A). The mixture of the two fluids flows in the space EA3 between two placed surfaces substantially perpendicular to the axis 19 of the device and progressively connecting to the surfaces located on either side of the annular space (A). In space EA3 the mixture circulates with a decreasing tangential speed towards the periphery. At the periphery of the space EA3 it opens onto the space ED3 in which it is brought back towards the axis 19 of the device, the space ED3 being between two surfaces placed in a manner substantially perpendicular to the axis 19 of the device. The ED3 space is provided with rectifier vanes R3, the geometry of which in a front view is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 11B. The angle formed at a point of the blade between the tangent to the surface of the blade and the radius from this point varies between a value close to 90, at the entry (angle D1) and a value close to 0 , at the exit (angle D2), which makes it possible to gradually cancel the tangential speed.

Le dispositif peut être utilisé avec des fluides liquides, gazeux, ou même polyphasiques diphasiques.The device can be used with liquid, gaseous, or even multiphase two-phase fluids.

C'est ainsi que le fluide basse pression à comprimer peut être un gaz ou une vapeur ou dans certains cas un mélange diphasique gaz-liquide.Thus the low pressure fluid to be compressed can be a gas or a vapor or in some cases a two-phase gas-liquid mixture.

Le fluide moteur peut être également soit un gaz, soit un liquide.The working fluid can also be either a gas or a liquid.

Toutes les combinaisons des cas ainsi mentionnés peuvent être ainsi envisagées :

- compression d'un gaz (ou vapeur), en utilisant un gaz (ou vapeur) comme fluide moteur.

- compression d'un gaz (ou vapeur), en utilisant un liquide comme fluide moteur.

- compression d'un liquide, en utilisant un gaz (ou vapeur) comme fluide moteur.

- compression d'un liquide, en utilisant un liquide comme fluide moteur.
All the combinations of the cases thus mentioned can be thus considered:

- compression of a gas (or vapor), using a gas (or vapor) as the working fluid.

- compression of a gas (or vapor), using a liquid as the working fluid.

- compression of a liquid, using a gas (or vapor) as motor fluid.

- compression of a liquid, using a liquid as the working fluid.

En outre, comme cela a été indiqué, chacun des fluides peut être diphasique.In addition, as indicated, each of the fluids can be two-phase.

Dans le cas de la compression d'un gaz (ou d'une vapeur) par détente d'un fluide moteur gazeux (ou vapeur), un taux de détente élevé du fluide moteur conduit à une vitesse d'écoulement supersonique. Dans ce cas la section de la zone annulaire, des tuyères ou des canaux dont est munie éventuellement la première zone (I) de distribution du fluide moteur ne décroît pas constamment entre l'entrée et la sortie du fluide moteur, mais passe par un minimum, le col sonique se situant au niveau de cette section minimale, puis croît à nouveau.In the case of compression of a gas (or vapor) by expansion of a gaseous working fluid (or vapor), a high expansion rate of the working fluid leads to a supersonic flow speed. In this case, the section of the annular zone, of the nozzles or of the channels which is possibly provided with the first zone (I) of distribution of the working fluid does not constantly decrease between the inlet and the outlet of the working fluid, but passes through a minimum , the sonic neck being located at this minimum section, then growing again.

Après mélange, la vitesse d'écoulement peut être subsonique ou supersonique. Si elle est supersonique, la section d'écoulement dans la troisième zone de compression (III) doit également passer par un minimum en diminuant tout d'abord, puis en augmentant progressivement.After mixing, the flow velocity can be subsonic or supersonic. If it is supersonic, the flow section in the third compression zone (III) must also go through a minimum by first decreasing, then gradually increasing.

Claims (15)

1. - Dispositif de compression d'un fluide par détente d'un fluide moteur comportant un premier compartiment dans lequel circule le fluide moteur, un deuxième compartiment dans lequel circule le fluide à comprimer, un troisième compartiment dans lequel circule le mélange du fluide moteur et du fluide à comprimer, ledit mélange provenant d'un compartiment de mélange relié audit troisième compartiment ainsi qu'auxdits premier et deuxième compartiments, caractérisé en ce que ledit compartiment de mélange (A) a une forme annulaire et en ce que lesdits premier et deuxième compartiments (I et II) sont reliés audit compartiment de mélange (A) par des passages adaptés à introduire de manière sensiblement tangentielle ledit fluide moteur et ledit fluide à comprimer dans ledit compartiment de mélange ou compartiment annulaire (A).1. - Device for compressing a fluid by expansion of a working fluid comprising a first compartment in which the working fluid circulates, a second compartment in which the fluid to be compressed circulates, a third compartment in which the mixture of the working fluid circulates and of the fluid to be compressed, said mixture coming from a mixing compartment connected to said third compartment as well as to said first and second compartments, characterized in that said mixing compartment (A) has an annular shape and in that said first and second compartments (I and II) are connected to said mixing compartment (A) by passages adapted to introduce substantially tangentially said working fluid and said fluid to be compressed into said mixing compartment or annular compartment (A). 2. - Dispositif selon la revendication 1, ledit compartiment annulaire (A) ayant un diamètre extérieur moyen et un diamètre intérieur moyen limitant ledit compartiment, caractérisé en ce que le rapport dudit diamètre extérieur moyen de la zone annulaire (A) à l'écart entre ledit diamètre extérieur moyen et ledit diamètre intérieur moyen est au moins égal à 5.2. - Device according to claim 1, said annular compartment (A) having a mean outside diameter and an average inside diameter limiting said compartment, characterized in that the ratio of said mean outside diameter of the annular area (A) to the gap between said average outside diameter and said average inside diameter is at least equal to 5. 3. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit deuxième compartiment de distribution du fluide à comprimer comporte une couronne circulaire percée de canaux (C1, C2, C3, C4) débouchant sur le compartiment annulaire (A), lesdit canaux pouvant être régulièrement espacés sur le pourtour dudit compartiment annulaire (A), et pouvant être incurvés, de manière à introduire le fluide à comprimer avec une vitesse sensiblement tangentielle dans la zone annulaire (A).3. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that said second distribution compartment of the fluid to be compressed comprises a circular crown pierced with channels (C1, C2, C3, C4) opening onto the annular compartment (A ), said channels can be regularly spaced around the periphery of said annular compartment (A), and can be curved, so as to introduce the fluid to be compressed with a substantially tangential speed into the annular zone (A). 4. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit troisième compartiment de compression du mélange des deux fluides provenant dudit compartiment annulaire (A) comporte lui-même un espace annulaire dans lequel sont placés des aubages redresseurs adaptés à annuler progressivement la composante vitesse tangentielle dudit mélange en faisant remonter la pression.4. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said third compartment for compressing the mixture of the two fluids coming from said annular compartment (A) itself comprises an annular space in which are placed adapted rectifier vanes gradually canceling the tangential speed component of said mixture by raising the pressure. 5. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier compartiment de distribution du fluide moteur comporte une série de tuyères convergentes débouchant dans le compartiment annulaire (A), lesdites tuyères étant régulièrement espacées sur le pourtour dudit compartiment annulaire (A) et étant inclinées de manière à introduire le fluide moteur avec une vitesse sensiblement tangentielle dans ledit compartiment annulaire (A).5. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said first motor fluid distribution compartment comprises a series of converging nozzles opening into the annular compartment (A), said nozzles being regularly spaced around the periphery of said annular compartment (A) and being inclined so as to introduce the working fluid with a substantially tangential speed into said annular compartment (A). 6. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier compartiment (I) de distribution du fluide moteur comporte une couronne circulaire percée de canaux débouchant sur ledit compartiment annulaire (A), lesdits canaux étant régulièrement espacés sur le pourtour dudit compartiment annulaire (A), et canaux ayant une forme convergente de manière à communiquer au fluide moteur une vitesse croissante, lesdit canaux ayant en outre une forme incurvée de manière à introduire le fluide à comprimer avec une vitesse sensiblement tangentielle dans ledit compartiment annulaire (A).6. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said first compartment (I) for distributing the working fluid comprises a circular crown pierced with channels opening onto said annular compartment (A), said channels being regularly spaced on the periphery of said annular compartment (A), and channels having a convergent shape so as to impart to the working fluid an increasing speed, said channels further having a curved shape so as to introduce the fluid to be compressed with a substantially tangential speed into said annular compartment (A). 7. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier compartiment de distribution du fluide moteur comporte une zone annulaire comprise entre deux surfaces coniques dont les génératrices forment un angle différent avec l'axe du dispositif de manière à créer ladite zone annulaire convergente dans laquelle le fluide moteur est introduit par une arrivée tangentielle au niveau de la plus grande section et circule avec une vitesse tangentielle croissante jusqu'à la plus petite section qui communique avec ledit compartiment annulaire (A).7. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said first compartment for distributing the working fluid comprises an annular zone comprised between two conical surfaces whose generatrices form a different angle with the axis of the device so creating said convergent annular zone into which the working fluid is introduced by a tangential arrival at the level of the largest section and circulates with increasing tangential speed to the smallest section which communicates with said annular compartment (A). 8. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit troisième compartiment de compression du mélange des deux fluides provenant dudit compartiment annulaire (A) comporte, lui-même, une zone annulaire comprise entre deux surfaces coniques dont les génératrices forment des angles différents avec l'axe du dispositif, de manière à créer ladite zone annulaire divergente dans laquelle le mélange des deux fluides provenant dudit compartiment annulaire (A) débouche au niveau de la plus petite section et circule avec une vitesse tangentielle décroissante jusqu'à la plus grande section.8. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said third compartment for compressing the mixture of the two fluids coming from said annular compartment (A) itself comprises an annular zone comprised between two conical surfaces of which the generators form different angles with the axis of the device, so as to create said divergent annular zone in which the mixture of the two fluids coming from said annular compartment (A) opens at the level of the smallest section and circulates with a decreasing tangential speed to the largest section. 9. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit troisième compartiment (III) de compression comporte un premier espace compris entre deux surfaces placées de manière sensiblement transversale par rapport à l'axe du dispositif et, dans lequel le mélange circule avec une vitesse tangentielle décroissante en étant évacué à la périphérie dudit premier espace, ledit premier espace étant suivi d'un second espace également compris entre deux surfaces placées de manière sensiblement transversale par rapport à l'axe du dispositf et dans lequel le mélange est ramené vers l'axe du dispositif en circulant avec une vitesse tangentielle décroissante, ledit second espace étant muni d'aubages redresseurs permettant d'annuler progressivement la vitesse tangentielle dudit mélange.9. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said third compression compartment (III) comprises a first space comprised between two surfaces placed in a substantially transverse manner relative to the axis of the device and, in which the mixture circulates with a decreasing tangential speed while being evacuated at the periphery of said first space, said first space being followed by a second space also comprised between two surfaces placed in a substantially transverse relation to the axis of the device and in which the mixture is brought back towards the axis of the device while circulating with a decreasing tangential speed, said second space being provided with straightening vanes making it possible to gradually cancel the tangential speed of said mixture. 10. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 caractérisé en ce que l'angle d'introduction du fluide moteur dans ledit premier compartiment (I) de distribution du fluide moteur est modifié lorsque le débit dudit fluide moteur varie, de manière à maintenir la vitesse tangentielle de circulation dudit fluide moteur sensiblement constante.10. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 9 characterized in that the angle of introduction of the working fluid into said first compartment (I) for distributing the working fluid is modified when the flow rate of said working fluid varies, so maintaining the tangential speed of circulation of said working fluid substantially constant. 11. - Utilisation du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 pour comprimer un gaz ou une vapeur.11. - Use of the device according to one of claims 1 to 10 to compress a gas or a vapor. 12. - Utilisation du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 pour comprimer un liquide.12. - Use of the device according to one of claims 1 to 10 to compress a liquid. 13. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un fluide moteur constitué par un gaz ou une vapeur.13. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by the use of a working fluid consisting of a gas or a vapor. 14. - Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un fluide moteur constitué par un liquide.14. - Device according to one of claims 1 to 10 characterized by the use of a working fluid consisting of a liquid. 15. - Procédé de compression d'un fluide par détente d'un fluide moteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes prises en combinaison selon lesquelles : a) on fait entrer ledit fluide moteur dans une première zone (I) dans laquelle il circule à travers une section de passage décroissante avec une vitesse croissante, en débouchant de ladite première zone (I) à un niveau de pression inférieur à celui du fluide basse pression à comprimer, b) à la sortie de ladite première zone (I), on fait déboucher ledit fluide moteur dans une zone annulaire (A) suivant une direction sensiblement tangentielle, c) on fait déboucher suivant une direction sensiblement tangentielle dans la zone annulaire (A) ledit fluide basse pression à comprimer, en le faisant passer à travers une deuxième zone (II), d) on mélange dans ladite deuxième zone annulaire (A) ledit fluide moteur et ledit fluide à comprimer, en conférant au mélange une vitesse tangentielle sensiblement uniforme dans toute la zone annulaire (A) et e) on fait passer le mélange provenant de l'étape (d) dans une troisième zone (III) dans laquelle la vitesse tangentielle est progressivement annulée, la pression remontant corrélativement. 15. - Process for compressing a fluid by expansion of a working fluid, characterized in that it comprises the following steps taken in combination according to which: a) said working fluid is brought into a first zone (I) in which it flows through a decreasing passage section with increasing speed, emerging from said first zone (I) at a pressure level lower than that of the fluid low pressure to compress, b) at the outlet of said first zone (I), said working fluid is made to open into an annular zone (A) in a substantially tangential direction, c) the low pressure fluid to be compressed is made to open in a substantially tangential direction in the annular zone (A), by passing it through a second zone (II), d) said working fluid and said fluid to be compressed are mixed in said second annular zone (A), giving the mixture a substantially uniform tangential speed throughout the annular zone (A) and e) the mixture from step (d) is passed into a third zone (III) in which the tangential speed is gradually canceled, the pressure rising correspondingly.
EP87401133A 1986-05-22 1987-05-20 Ejector using induced rotation Expired EP0253689B1 (en)

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FR8607444 1986-05-22
FR8607444A FR2599093B1 (en) 1986-05-22 1986-05-22 INDUCED ROTATION EJECTOR

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EP0253689B1 EP0253689B1 (en) 1989-08-02

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CN109966941A (en) * 2019-05-13 2019-07-05 江苏炬焰智能科技有限公司 Carbonate spring mixer

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DE57884C (en) * E. SCHÜRMANN in Riesa fan
FR25258E (en) * 1921-04-22 1923-01-23 Process and apparatus for compressing gaseous fluids
US1612838A (en) * 1925-04-09 1927-01-04 Centrifix Corp Draft-inducing means
FR707360A (en) * 1930-12-10 1931-07-07 Method and installation for the treatment of liquids with gases
FR712885A (en) * 1930-04-22 1931-10-14 Paul Lechler Mixing device for fluids
GB362430A (en) * 1929-08-30 1931-12-01 Paul Lechler Improvements in or relating to the production of emulsions
FR1048869A (en) * 1950-10-13 1953-12-24 Stamicarbon Method and device for dispersing or dissolving a substance in a liquid
FR1150946A (en) * 1956-05-23 1958-01-22 Fr D Etudes Et De Realisations Static thermal blower
SU731220A1 (en) * 1978-10-11 1980-04-30 Куйбышевский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Авиационный Институт Им.Академика С.П.Королева Vortex pipe

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE57884C (en) * E. SCHÜRMANN in Riesa fan
FR25258E (en) * 1921-04-22 1923-01-23 Process and apparatus for compressing gaseous fluids
US1612838A (en) * 1925-04-09 1927-01-04 Centrifix Corp Draft-inducing means
GB362430A (en) * 1929-08-30 1931-12-01 Paul Lechler Improvements in or relating to the production of emulsions
FR712885A (en) * 1930-04-22 1931-10-14 Paul Lechler Mixing device for fluids
FR707360A (en) * 1930-12-10 1931-07-07 Method and installation for the treatment of liquids with gases
FR1048869A (en) * 1950-10-13 1953-12-24 Stamicarbon Method and device for dispersing or dissolving a substance in a liquid
FR1150946A (en) * 1956-05-23 1958-01-22 Fr D Etudes Et De Realisations Static thermal blower
SU731220A1 (en) * 1978-10-11 1980-04-30 Куйбышевский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Авиационный Институт Им.Академика С.П.Королева Vortex pipe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4749336A (en) 1988-06-07
FR2599093A1 (en) 1987-11-27
DE3760396D1 (en) 1989-09-07
KR870010904A (en) 1987-12-18
KR960008965B1 (en) 1996-07-10
AU600943B2 (en) 1990-08-30
AU7324387A (en) 1987-11-26
EP0253689B1 (en) 1989-08-02
FR2599093B1 (en) 1991-08-02
ATE45207T1 (en) 1989-08-15
BR8702625A (en) 1988-02-23
JPS62285000A (en) 1987-12-10
JP2864123B2 (en) 1999-03-03
IN169704B (en) 1991-12-14

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