EP0250888B1 - Connection for plane and three-dimensional framework structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A joint connector for plane and three-dimensional framework structures, in particular for wooden or metal constructions, produces a connection between tension and compression members at a joint, the members being connected by plate elements. The joint connector ensures a detachable and articulated connection between the tension and compression members, so that erection of the framework structure to a great height is not necessary, and the joint connector is demountable. Each tension and compression member is connected at its end face to a plate element which engages in slots in the joint connector and is secured there in articulated manner by a hinge pin or a hook. In this way, tension and compression members can be introduced into the joint connector at any desired inclination and fastened there. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a node connector for flat and spatial trusses according to the preamble of claim 1.

A node connector of the type mentioned is already known from EP-A-0 034 078.

In EP-A-0 034 078 all rods are articulated and therefore all lines of force must intersect at one point. However, if transverse forces act, the molded parts can tilt, which leads to dangerous load conditions.

In the publication "De Ingenieur No. 11, Nov. 1984, pages 22-27", the bars are firmly connected to the node element in one plane and the diagonal bars are also articulatedly connected to the same node element. This leads to assembly difficulties because both connection types are present in the same node element.

In the subject of the application, the rigid connections are in one node element and the articulated connections in the second node element - the node elements are therefore divided.

So you consciously accept eccentricities in the subject of the application, but you have to secure the multi-part node element with a bolt. However, this has the advantage that you can work with preformed knot elements and mount them immediately on the floor, while in EP-A-0 034 078 the holes have to be retrofitted at the place of installation to ensure that the lines of force are in close a point.

With the publication "De Ingenieur" you can due to the one-piece Training the node elements do not build a supporting structure according to the invention, because when assembling the subject of registration, the multi-part node elements are screwed together without tension (loosely) and only at the very end are all the node elements screwed together and all connections tightened, while in the publication "De Ingenieur" from the beginning the knot elements need to be tightened.

EP-A-0 034 078 shows a multi-part node element, but it is only secured against rotation in the radial (horizontal) plane by positive engagement of parts, while additional bevels are provided for the power transmission in the subject of the application.

Therefore, in EP-A-0 034 078 the power transmission in a multi-part knot molding is bad, which is also not necessary because this molding does not have to transmit eccentric forces from the outset after having made the holes in the plates for centric power transmission is provided.

With the subject of the application, an eccentric power transmission is accepted and therefore the connection area between the multi-part knot molded parts must transmit high forces (see also description on page 20 below).

The invention has for its object to develop a node connector of the type mentioned in such a way that it can be used universally and that the truss to be created with it is much more time-saving and inexpensive to erect.

To achieve the object, the invention is characterized in that the tension and compression rods releasably and articulately connected to each other form the node.

The present invention describes a completely new way of producing knot connectors, because according to the invention it is provided that the knot connector ensures a releasable and articulated connection of the tension and compression bars and also exchange bars of the framework.

Because of the detachability of the bars in the node connector, it is now possible for the first time to dismantle a truss without destroying it, and it is also possible to attach any connection points to such a truss in order to be able to build the truss further. The articulated connection of the tension and compression rods in the knot makes it possible to insert the rods into the knot in any plane without the knot connector having to be oriented in a certain direction, as was previously known.

With the present invention, substantial assembly effort is saved. To explain this advantage, it is first shown how the previous assembly was carried out.

With the previously known star-shaped node connector, a final assembly was only necessary at an airy height at the site, namely by connecting the tension and compression rods in the node at an airy height and then drilling the connecting holes between the pressure rods and the respective gusset plate at an airy height . After making the connection holes, the connecting elements, such as. B. dowels are hammered in, only then was the knot made. For such an assembly, a working time of about 2-3 hours was required per node.

In the present invention, there is a significant advantage in that the assembly is much more time-saving is carried out. First, the tension and compression rods are firmly connected to the respective plate element in the workshop, z. B. the tie rods are firmly connected with appropriate nail plates and the compression rods with appropriate moldings. These plate elements are characterized in that they each have a part projecting beyond the end face of the respective tension and compression rod, in which a bore is arranged which serves for the articulated connection of the tension and compression rods in the node connector.

After the preparation of the tension and compression bars with the corresponding plate elements in the workshop or at the place of assembly, but on the floor of the hall, the entire framework construction, i. H. prepared the roof structure on the floor of the hall with the node connectors according to the invention.

This is done by first z. B. a horizontal belt level on the floor of the hall is prepared, in which the tension and compression rods provided with the plate elements are immediately inserted into the node connector according to the invention and connected to the associated articulated connecting elements (either hinge pin or hook). After the production of this horizontal belt level, the overlying diagonal support can also be assembled ready-to-use immediately by inserting the assigned diagonal tension and compression rods into the assigned node connectors and fastening them there. The fact that the tension and compression rods are articulated in the node connectors makes it possible to compensate for any degree deviation and thus it is easier for the tension and compression rods to be combined in the respective account connector. After the complete roof structure has been manufactured using the half-timbered construction method, the complete roof structure can then be lifted to the required roof height using a crane and fixed in the supports. This saves significant time and manpower and beyond the risk of accidents is much lower. Scaffolding is also saved.

Another advantage is that appropriate infills of the framework can be made immediately on the floor of the hall, such as. B. about plate elements and the like. The support points for these infills can be provided in the node connectors according to the invention, wherein support points themselves can still be adjusted by z. B. provides screw connections in the node connector towards the infill elements.

The inventive concept of the present invention thus includes all node connectors that ensure a releasable and articulated connection of the tension and compression bars in the node connector.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides, according to the subject matter of claim 3, that each tension and compression rod engages with its plate element projecting over the respective end face in each case in a slot of the node connector and is fastened there in an articulated and detachable manner.

Such an articulated connection of the plate element in the area of the slot can be achieved either by means of hinge bolts or hooks which engage in bores located opposite one another and in the area of the slots in the area of plate parts of the node connectors and through holes in the area of the plate elements.

Here, it is preferred if the node connector for the production of flat connections consists of a central body with a central central bore, to which plate parts which are opposite one another and form the slots between them are arranged and which are connected to the central body connect.

A node connector for the production of spatial connections here consists of a cross-shaped part or of more than four star-shaped parts which are formed between them, the slots defined by the plate parts lying opposite one another receiving the respectively assigned tension and compression rods.

It is preferred here if the node connectors have a central center hole because, by arranging the central center hole, several node connectors can be arranged one above the other for the production of flat connections and for the production of spatial connections, and the aligned center holes can then be penetrated by a connecting screw, which the individual Connects the node connector with each other. In this way, node connectors can be created that connect a large number of tension, compression and change rods in different levels.

In the further exemplary embodiments, novel knot shaped parts are described which in their functionality go far beyond those in the previous description of the drawings.

A feature of the knot molded parts shown in the further exemplary embodiments is namely that an articulated rotation between the knot molded part, the belt plane and the adjoining molded part for the tension or compression rod is now avoided. This has the advantage that an articulated connection is excluded, which is new compared to the prior art. In the prior art, only articulated connections between a knot molding and a molding for a tension or compression rod had previously been shown, which in the case of larger spatial structures leads to the structure being static becomes indefinite.

With the novel knot-shaped parts, with which an articulated rotation to the molded part for the tension or compression rod is excluded, this articulated connection in the belt plane is excluded. H. the knot molding is held firmly and non-rotatably in the belt plane, which is new compared to the prior art.

What has remained the same in comparison to the previously described application examples is the fact that you can now connect diagonally at any angle to this fixed knot molding.

Furthermore, a further embodiment is described in the later description, which shows that one can now attach corresponding connecting parts to the belt itself and also secure it against rotation, and that the knot-shaped parts previously described as essential to the invention are placed on this connecting part and positively connected to them.

With this new type of connection technology, there is now the essential advantage that the belts now run smoothly and are not subject to buckling, as was the case in the prior art where straps struck on impact were shown, for which the problem was that corresponding buckling forces had to be taken into account, which led to the fact that the known knotted molded parts had to be dimensioned much more strongly according to the prior art. These disadvantages do not exist in the novel connector according to the invention.

Furthermore, there is the advantage that if one arranges corresponding connecting parts directly on the belt, that one no longer has to accept an interruption of the belt, as is the case in the prior art was the case. This has the advantage that when you such belts z. B laid in an outer wall, no longer has any sealing problems, because according to the invention there is now a continuous belt which is not interrupted anywhere and which accordingly does not have to be sealed, as was previously the case in the prior art.

There are also no connection problems with purlins when attaching the connecting part directly to the belts, because the belts run through and the purlins can be placed directly on the belts.

Furthermore, a further embodiment is described as essential to the invention, which has the essential advantage that one can use the system described and an associated node plate to create structures with any roof pitch. This is because you insert such a knot plate directly into the belt itself, i. H. vertically in the wood of a tension or compression rod, although the belt itself is inclined with its longitudinal axis in the direction of the horizontal. This node plate now has form-locking connecting elements for connection to an associated node molding, to which the diagonals of the structure can then be connected in an articulated manner at any inclination.

So there is the main advantage that spatial structures can be created with any roof pitch, because the node plate is integrated in the sloping belt and connected via a positive connection with the previously described knot molding, with the diagonals of the structure at this angle now at any angle can be connected.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing several possible embodiments. Go here from the drawings and their description further essential features and advantages of the invention.

Figur 1:

Draufsicht auf eine Nagelplatte als Plattenelement für einen Zugstab

Figur 2:

Seitenansicht nach Figur 1

Figur 3:

Draufsicht auf eine Verstärkungsplatte zur Verwendung mit einer Nagelplatte nach Figur 1

Figur 4:

Seitenansicht nach Figur 3

Figur 5:

Draufsicht auf ein Formteil zur Verwendung als Plattenelement mit einem Druckstab

Figur 6:

Seitenansicht nach Figur 5

Figur 7:

Draufsicht auf einen Gelenkbolzen

Figur 8:

Seitenansicht des Gelenkbolzens nach Figur 7

Figur 9:

Draufsicht auf ein Knotenformteil zur Herstellung ebener Verbindungen

Figur 10:

Seitenansicht einer Verbindungsschraube zur Verbindung mehrerer Knotenverbinder

Figur 11:

Draufsicht auf Figur 9

Figur 12:

Seitenansicht des Gelenkbolzens

Figur 13:

Draufsicht auf ein Knotenformteil zur Herstellung räumlicher Verbindungen

Figur 14:

Seitenansicht der Verbindungsschraube

Figur 15:

Seitenansicht der Figur 13

Figur 16:

Draufsicht auf ein Formteil zur formschlüssigen Verbindung mehrerer Knotenformteile

Figur 17:

Draufsicht auf einen Knoten nach der Erfindung unter Herstellung von zwei räumlichen Verbindungsebenen

Figur 18:

Ansicht in Richtung einer Diagonalen auf die Darstellung nach Figur 17

Figur 19:

Ansicht in Richtung einer Gurtebene auf die Darstellung nach Figur 17

Die Figur 19a

zeigt ein Knotenformteil mit einem einseitig daran angeschlossenen Formteil, welches einem Zug- oder Druckstab zugeordnet ist

Figur 20

zeigt die gleiche Darstellung in Seitenansicht

Figur 21

zeigt die Darstellung nach Figur 20 ausschnittsweise und auseinandedgezogen.

Figur 22

zeigt die vergrößerte Darstellung nach Figur 19 im Verbindungsbereich auseinandergezogen.

Figur 23

zeigt die Möglichkeit des Anschlußes des in den Figuren 19 bis 22 dargestellten Knotenformteils an ein weiteres Knotenformteil fur den Anschluß von Diagonalen in beliebigen Neigungen.

Figur 24

zeigt den Schnitt gemäss der Linie 24-24 in Figur 23 durch das Knotenformteil.

Figur 25

zeigt in der Seitenansicht ein neuartiges Anschlußteil zur Befestigung auf einem durchlaufenden Stab mit einem darüber gezeichneten Knotenformteil, welches formschlüssig mit dem Anschlußteil verbindbar ist für den Anschluß von Diagonalen.

Figur 26

zeigt das Anschlußteil nach Figur 25 in der Draufsicht

Figur 27

zeigt die Formschlußverbindung zwischen einer Knotenplatte und einem Knotenformteil für den Anschluß von Diagonalen

Figur 28

zeigt die Seitenansicht der Knotenplatte

Figur 29

zeit die Draufsicht auf die Verbindung der Teile von Figur 27 mit Figur 28

Show it:

Figure 1:

Top view of a nail plate as a plate element for a tension rod

Figure 2:

Side view according to Figure 1

Figure 3:

Top view of a reinforcement plate for use with a nail plate according to FIG. 1

Figure 4:

Side view according to FIG. 3

Figure 5:

Top view of a molded part for use as a plate element with a pressure rod

Figure 6:

Side view according to FIG. 5

Figure 7:

Top view of a hinge pin

Figure 8:

Side view of the hinge pin according to FIG. 7

Figure 9:

Top view of a knot molding for making level connections

Figure 10:

Side view of a connecting screw for connecting multiple node connectors

Figure 11:

Top view of Figure 9

Figure 12:

Side view of the hinge pin

Figure 13:

Top view of a knot molding for creating spatial connections

Figure 14:

Side view of the connecting screw

Figure 15:

Side view of Figure 13

Figure 16:

Top view of a shaped part for the positive connection of several knot shaped parts

Figure 17:

Top view of a node according to the invention with the production of two spatial connection levels

Figure 18:

View in the direction of a diagonal to the illustration according to FIG. 17

Figure 19:

View in the direction of a belt plane to the illustration according to FIG. 17

Figure 19a

shows a knot molding with a molding connected on one side, which is assigned to a tension or compression rod

Figure 20

shows the same representation in side view

Figure 21

shows the representation of Figure 20 in sections and pulled apart.

Figure 22

shows the enlarged view of Figure 19 pulled apart in the connection area.

Figure 23

shows the possibility of connecting the knot molding shown in Figures 19 to 22 to another knot molding for the connection of diagonals in any inclinations.

Figure 24

shows the section along the line 24-24 in Figure 23 through the knot molding.

Figure 25

shows a side view of a novel connector for attachment to a continuous rod with a knot molded part drawn over it, which can be positively connected to the connector for the connection of diagonals.

Figure 26

shows the connector according to Figure 25 in plan view

Figure 27

shows the positive connection between a node plate and a node molded part for the connection of diagonals

Figure 28

shows the side view of the node plate

Figure 29

time the top view of the connection of the parts of Figure 27 with Figure 28

In Figure 1, a nail plate consists of a strip-shaped metal part, which is cut or punched from a strip material.

The nail plate has a uniform distribution of a plurality of holes 4, each hole 4 having an extension 7, so that the nail head 5 of a nail 6 is recessed in this hole 4.

There are also bores 3, which also have extensions 3.

The nail plate 1 has in its front area a bore 2 of enlarged diameter, which is intended to be penetrated by a joint pin 16 to be described later.

The nail plate 1 is nailed to a pull rod 43, 44 or 46, 47 on the broad side (see FIG. 17), the nails 6 engaging in the broad side of the respective rod 43, 44, 46, 47 and the end of the respective rod approximately extends to the row of bores, which is designated by the reference numeral 4 in Figure 1.

Depending on the size of the rod forces, the nail plate 1 can be of any length in order to bring any number of nails 6 to the connection with this rod 43, 44 or 46, 47.

A reinforcement plate 9 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 is provided for better introduction of forces into the hinge pin 16, which extends through the bore 2.

This reinforcement plate 9 also consists of a band-shaped metal material, the bore 11 lying flush with the bore 2 and the reinforcement plate 9 being laid out on the front part of the nail plate 1, the knobs 10 being pressed out of the material of the reinforcement plate 9 into the associated bores 3 engage the nail plate 1 so that a positive connection of the reinforcing plate 9 with the nail plate 1 is ensured

FIGS. 5 and 6 show another plate element as it is used for connecting compression rods (e.g. compression rods 45, 48 in FIG. 17) to the knot molding according to the invention.

The molded part 12 here consists of a slotted plate 20 which is driven into the end of an assigned slot of the respective pressure rod 45, 48, the pressure rod 45, 48 being penetrated by assigned rod dowels 21 which pass through assigned bores 21a in the slotted plate 20.

A contact plate 14 adjoins the slotted plate 20 perpendicularly thereto and is intended to stop against the end face of the respective pressure rod 45, 48.

Perpendicular to the contact plate 14, an extension of the slotted plate 20 is followed by a further plate 13, which ensures the articulated and detachable connection of the molded part 12 to the respective knotted molded part 22, 32, 32 a. The plate 13 has in its front area a bore 15, which is intended to penetrate the hinge pin 16, which engages through the bore 15 with its bolt part and in which it will be closer later descriptive is articulated to the respective node connector.

The hinge pin 17 is secured in the node connector with a washer 18 and a split pin 19. The head 17 rests on the outside of the node connector, as will be described below.

The knot molding 22 according to FIGS. 9 and 11 is used to produce flat connections. It consists of a central body 23 with a central central bore 29, to which are arranged plate parts 26, 27 which are perpendicular to one another and form the slots 24, 25 and which connect to the central body 23.

In the area of the plate parts 26, 27 there are bores 28 which are penetrated by the hinge pins 16 shown in FIG.

The slots 24, 25 thus reach e.g. the plate 13 so that the bore 15 is flush with the bores 28 and is articulated by the hinge pin 16.

Likewise, the nail plate 1 engages with its hole 2 together with the reinforcing plate 9 in slots 24, 25, the holes 2, 11 being flush with the holes 28 and in turn being penetrated by the hinge pin 16.

The connecting screw 30 shown in FIG. 10 is used to connect a plurality of shaped knot parts 22 which are stacked one above the other via the connecting screw 30 are connected, which extends through the superimposed and mutually aligned center bores 29 of the stacked knot parts 23.

The node connector 32, 32a according to FIGS. 13 and 15 is used to produce spatial connections. It consists of a central central body 33 with a central bore 29, to which plate parts 26, 27 and 36, 37, which are perpendicular to one another in a cross shape and form the slots 24, 25 and 34, 35, are arranged, which are attached to the central body 33 connect.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 and 15, four tension or compression rods are connected to one another via the knot molding 32 according to the invention, it being essential that the plate parts 26, 27 and 36, 37 lie in a single plane, but which are in the Slots 24, 25 and 34, 35 inserted push rods can be inserted into these slots in any inclinations and can be mounted there.

In the embodiment shown, a connecting screw 3oa according to FIG. 14a is again shown, which serves to connect a large number of knot-shaped parts 22, 32 to one another.

In the correct position, the respective hinge pins 16 are shown, which are intended for reaching through the individual slots 24, 25 and 34, 35. In order to protect shear stresses between the knotted molded parts 22, 22 arranged one above the other, a molded part 42 is provided according to FIG. 16, which engages in a corresponding and form-fitting manner in an associated recess 38 in the knotted molded part 22, 32. The engagement position is shown in dashed lines in Figure 13.

It is important here that the molded part 42 projects beyond the recess 38 and thus engages in the recess 38 of the molded part 22 or 32 lying above it and thus protects the connecting screw 3o, 3oa against shearing. In order to ensure a positive fit of the molded part 42 in the region of the recess 38, at the edges of the recess 38 oblique lugs 39 are provided which cooperate with assigned lugs 39a of the molded part 42, so that there is a positive connection.

FIGS. 17 to 19 show a possible embodiment of a knot 31 with knot shaped parts 32, 32a according to the present invention.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, each tension rod consists of two tension rods 43, 44 and 46, 47 which lie against one another. Each pressure rod 45,48, however, is a single part.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the tension rods 43, 44 and the compression rods 45 form a lower horizontal belt plane, while the tension rods 46, 47 and compression rods 48 lying above form obliquely diagonally upward connections to a belt plane above.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, it is only shown by way of example that each end face 40 of the respective rod can extend as far as the drawn line.

In another embodiment, which is not shown in any more detail, it is possible for the respective end face of the respective rod to reach into the region of the knot connector in an arrow shape. Areas 41 would then also be filled in.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, two identical knot-shaped parts 32, 32a are connected one above the other with the aid of a connecting screw 3o a, not shown. Each knot molding 32, 32a has the shape as described with reference to FIGS. 13-15.

From the illustration it can be seen that each pull rod 43, 44 or 46.47 is connected on the inside to the nail plate 1 via the nails not shown in FIG. 17 and the nail plate with its front free part into the slots 24, 25 and 34 , 35 of the knot molding 32, 32a engages there and is articulated there with the hinge pin 16 to the knot molding 32, 32a.

Each pressure rod is in turn connected to a molded part 42, which engages with its front plate 13 in the area of the slots 24, 25 and 34, 35 in the knotted molded part 32, the bore 15 being penetrated by the hinge pin 16.

The knot 31 created in this way is therefore universally convertible, because it is easily possible to dismantle such a knot molding 32, 32a by pulling out the hinge pins 16 and instead using another knot molding, which one different assignment of the tension and compression rods guaranteed.

It is also possible to add another knot molding above or below the drawn knot 31 and to connect further pressure bars to it.

It is also possible to produce any other inclination of the tension rods 46, 47 or the compression rod 48 in the upper knot molding 32a, because the connection is designed as an articulated connection and can be freely rotated there.

As a further advantage, it can be seen from FIG. 17 that the nail plates 1 are arranged on the inside of the tension rods 43, 44 and 46, 47, which ensures increased fire protection. The molded parts 13, which are assigned to the pressure rods 45, 48, are also arranged on the inside, so that all parts are protected against fire and thus such a knot 31 according to the invention corresponds to increased fire protection requirements.

Previously, all steel parts of a known node connector had to be covered with wood, which is no longer necessary in the present invention.

The further advantage of the present invention is that high arrangement requirements can be taken into account with the arrangement of hinge pins or, alternatively, hooks, because these hinge pins are always processed and assembled in a consistent quality and are not visible, while in the state of the art rod anchor constructions known in the art which always had to be hammered in from the outside at the place of assembly and could be damaged as a result, and the holes could not always be placed evenly, which resulted in an unsightly appearance.

The middle knot molding 49 shown in FIGS. 19a to 22 here consists of a middle central body, on which - as previously shown with reference to FIGS. 13 to 16 - radial plate parts 26, 27 are arranged.

The description according to FIGS. 13 to 16 therefore applies to the knot molding 49 shown here in the same way together with all of the previously described functional elements.

In a departure from the previously described exemplary embodiment, however, it is shown here that the knotted molded part 49 has stop cams 53 pointing radially outwards and evenly distributed on the circumference, which are intended for positive connection with associated recesses 54, these recesses 54 in the front sides of molded parts 50 are arranged, these molded parts being connected in the manner described above by means of appropriate nail plates, dowel plates and the like to a tension or compression rod.

This, in conjunction with the mutually associated stop surfaces to be described later, ensures that the middle knot molding 49 cannot articulate to the adjoining molding 50.

The stop surfaces are assigned as follows:

The stop surfaces 55 on the knot molding 49 are assigned to the likewise inclined assigned stop surfaces 56 on the molding 50 and abut one another.

It is also important that a positive connection between the middle knot molding 49 and the knot molding 32 to be positively connected therewith is also possible, with mutually associated stop surfaces again providing the positive connection.

A central bolt is provided for fastening this form-fitting connection, which is provided, for example, in FIG. 25 with the reference number 30 or in FIG. 14a with the reference number 3oa.

The interlocking connection between the middle knot molding 49 and the knot molding 32 or 32a to be connected above or below (if 2 knot fittings are connected from above and below) consists in that radially protruding projections on the upper or lower knot molding 32 (see FIG. 24, 24a) are present, on the underside of which there are rounded stop surfaces 51 which can be brought into contact with associated rounded stop surfaces 68 of the knot molding 49.

The mutually associated stop surfaces 51, 68 thus additionally prevent the molded part 50 from rotating in relation to the knotted molded part 49 even when large forces are applied.

It is also essential that the obliquely inclined stop surface 52 on the knot molding 32 is also assigned an obliquely inclined stop surface 7o on the knot molding 49. The conical inclination of these two mutually associated stop surfaces 52, 70 has the advantage that the two surfaces can slide against one another during installation.

FIG. 25 shows a further embodiment in an exploded view, it being visible that a connecting part 57 is arranged in a tension or compression rod 43, 44, i.e., inserted directly into the wood. This connecting part 57 has a lower, central dowel attachment 58, with which it is sunk into the wood of the tension or compression rod 43, 44. The tension or compression rod is continuous.

It is also important in this embodiment that the attachment can be done not only on the side surfaces of the continuous belt, but also on the front side in the wood of a pressure post, e.g. for the production of undervoltage constructions. Furthermore, such a connection part 57 is used for wind bracing, in the walls of timber framing and the like. for all applications where it is important to establish a connection for a supporting structure on one level.

It is important here that this connecting part 57 effects a positive connection to a knot molding 32 to be connected to it, this knot molding having already been described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 13-16 and 19-14.

Instead of using a dowel attachment 58, other connecting means of the connecting part 57 with the corresponding belt are of course also possible, e.g. via a needle plate or dowel plate directly attached to the belt.

According to FIG. 26, the connecting part 57 has projections 59 which project radially and are distributed uniformly around the circumference and on which the associated stop surfaces for producing the positive connection with the knot molded part 32 to be placed thereon are arranged.

Here, the stop surface 61, which is comparable in function to the stop surface 68 on the knot molding 49, engages in an associated stop surface 51 on the underside of the knot molding 32, as was shown in more detail with reference to FIGS. 24 and 24a.

Furthermore, the lugs 59 engage between the radially projecting plates 26, 27 which are arranged at a distance from one another as a means of preventing rotation, and here corresponding stop surfaces also abut one another, as can be seen from the drawings.

The connecting part 59 is held together with the knot-shaped part 32 via the connecting screw 30 shown on the right in FIG.

With the production of such a connection there is the essential advantage that the connecting part 57 can now be fastened on an obliquely running belt on this belt and via the described positive connection in connection with the connecting screw 30 Now the knot molding 32 can be put on, and the diagonals of the supporting structure can now be connected to this knot molding via the plates 26, 27 at any angle. An embodiment modified from the embodiment according to FIGS. 25 and 26 is shown in FIGS. 27 to 29.

The connecting part 57 shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 is only sufficient to absorb small to medium-sized forces. If greater forces are to be absorbed, the form-fit connection described in FIGS. 25-26 between the connecting part 57 and the knot form plate 32 is absorbed by a form-fit connection of a different type, as will be described below with reference to FIGS. 27-29.

A node plate 63 is provided for absorbing higher forces, which is sunk directly into the wood of the continuous belt. In addition to the insertion into assigned slots in the belt wood, it is also possible to design the belt in two parts and to fasten this node plate 63 in the space between the two parts.

On its upper side, the node plate 63 has two hook-shaped projections 64, which are arranged at a distance from one another and are fastened parallel to one another and each of which approach 64 has an upper head with a stop surface 61.

This stop surface 61 is semicircular and conical in the direction of the longitudinal center line and then merges into a likewise slightly conical stop surface 65.

The two opposing hook-shaped projections 64 form a central, central recess 66, into which the knot-shaped part 69 can now be inserted in the direction of the drawing plane in FIG. The knot molding 69 is shown in plan view in FIG. 29 and essentially has a shape as described in detail with reference to the knot molding 49 in connection with FIGS. 19-22, it being essential that this knot molding 69 is now in the manner As was described in FIGS. 19 to 24, the previously described knot molding 32 can additionally be placed on and positively connected.

In the form-fit connection produced according to FIGS. 27 and 29, radially projecting lugs 73 of the knot shaped part 69, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of this knot shaped part, engage the corresponding associated hook-shaped lugs 64 of the knot plate 63.

FIG. 27 shows that here the radially projecting lugs 73 of the knot shaped part 69 initially form oblique stop surfaces 75, which interact with the associated stop surfaces 65 of the hook-shaped projection 64 of the knot plate 63 and that the rounded stop surfaces 74 with the likewise rounded stop surfaces 71 of the knot plate 73 cooperate.

The inner stop surfaces 72 of the knot molding 69 then serve for the positive connection with an associated knot molding, not shown in detail, as is shown, for example, in FIG. 23, these stop surfaces 72 interacting with the stop surfaces 52 shown for example in FIG.

In a further development of the present invention it is provided that the positive connection between the node plate 63 and the node shaped part 69 described in FIGS are connected, wherein holes are provided in these ears, and the knot-shaped part 69 with its mutually spaced plate parts 26, 27 would grip on the ears and a hinge pin 16 would connect the two parts to one another, as is shown in FIG the previous description has been described.

Such a connection technique is e.g. necessary if two continuous belts intersect and you want to reach a connection point at the intersection.

In the case of long, crossing woods, the described knot plate 63 with the hook-shaped lugs 64 cannot be used directly. You need a connection between the node plate 63 and the node shaped part 49 for the connection of the diagonals at the crossing point of the woods. The connecting forces are absorbed by the contact surfaces in the area of the interlocking connection between the knot plate 63 and the knot molding 49 in the direction of the rod and the forces transverse to the rod axis are absorbed by additional screws, which are not shown in the drawings. Such screws are subsequently screwed in between the knot plate 63 and the knot molding 49, specifically from the outside in the case of wood placed on top of one another. This makes them easily accessible without dismantling the wood.

Between the two parts to be connected are aligned holes with a common longitudinal axis that is inclined to the vertical by 45 degrees. These holes are penetrated by the connecting screw.

For this purpose, a slot nut with an internal thread for the engagement of the screw bolt is provided in the hole in the node plate 63 (not shown in the drawing).

Claims (9)

1. A joint connector for flat and three-dimensional frameworks for the connection of tension members and pressure members, in which the members have connection elements, which engage on the joint connector, in which the members of one chord plane are attached to the joint connector so as to be secured with respect to torsion and further members are present, which engage diagonally on the joint connector in an articulated manner,
   characterised in that the joint connector consists of a shaped joint part (22,32,32a,49,69) of several parts with a central body (23,33) having a central middle bore (29), to which are arranged vertically to the middle bore radially projecting panel parts (26,27,36,37), lying opposite each other and forming between them slits (24,25,34,35), in which panel parts the shaped parts (1,9,12) of the tension- and pressure members (42-48), consisting of wood material, are attached, and that the shaped joint parts (22,32,32a,49,690), engaging into each other, have stop faces (51,68,52,70) which are obliquely inclined in the connecting region, and which brace each other reciprocally.
2. A joint connector according to Claim 1, characterised in that the panel element for tension members (43,44,46,47) and alternating members consists of a nail panel (1), which have bores (4) for nails (6) which are to be driven in from the broad side of the tension- or alternating member and in the front part of which the bore (2) is provided for the penetration of the joint pin (16) or of a hook.
3. A joint connector according to Claim 2, characterised in that in the surrounding region of the bore (2) of the nail panel (1), this is able to be connected on the broad side in a form-locking manner with a reinforcement panel (9) having an identical bore (11).
4. A joint connector according to Claim 2 and 3, characterised in that each tension member is formed from two tension members (43,44,46,47) lying adjacent to each other, that at the front end of the contact region of the tension members in each case the nail panel (1) is connected with the respective tension member and that the nail panels (1) lying adjacent to each other engage into the region of the slits (24,25,34,35) of the shaped joint parts (22,32,32a) and are connected there with each other by means of the joint pins (16) or hooks.
5. A joint connector according to Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the panel element for pressure members (45,48) consists of a shaped part (12), which has a slotted panel (29), which is secured in an associated slit of the pressure member (45,48) on the front side and is connected with a contact panel (14), which in turn is connected with a panel (13) having the bore (15) for the engagement of the joint pin (16) or hook.
6. A joint connector according to Claim 1, characterised in that on the shaped joint part (49), lug cams (53) are arranged, which point towards the exterior and are uniformly distributed on the periphery, into which lug cams recesses (54) engage in a form-locking manner, which are connected with a shaped part (50), whereby a form-locking connection is produced between the shaped joint part (49) and a further shaped joint part (32) to be placed thereon.
7. A joint connector according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a connection part (57) is attached directly on a continuous tension- or pressure member (43,44).
8. A joint connector according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a joint panel (63) is introduced in a countersunk manner directly into the wood of the continuous chord (43,44) and is able to be connected with a shaped joint part by means of a form-locking connection (61,64).
9. A method for the production of a roof construction for a roof, which consists of tension- and pressure members, which are formed by chord members and diagonals, which are connected with joint connectors according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that at the base of the site of erection a first support structure of chord members is mounted, on the associated joint connectors of which the diagonals lying thereabove are introduced and secured and that after production of the complete framework on the ground, this is raised to roof level and fixed in the supports.

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