EP0250857A2 - Microwave filter - Google Patents

Microwave filter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0250857A2
EP0250857A2 EP87107533A EP87107533A EP0250857A2 EP 0250857 A2 EP0250857 A2 EP 0250857A2 EP 87107533 A EP87107533 A EP 87107533A EP 87107533 A EP87107533 A EP 87107533A EP 0250857 A2 EP0250857 A2 EP 0250857A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wave mode
coupling
cavity
wave
cavity resonator
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Granted
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EP87107533A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0250857B1 (en
EP0250857A3 (en
Inventor
Uwe Dipl.-Ing. Rosenberg
Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Wolk
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Bosch Telecom GmbH
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ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP0250857A3 publication Critical patent/EP0250857A3/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
    • H01P1/2082—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure with multimode resonators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microwave filter, consisting of at least two cavity resonators, in each of which at least one TE or TM wave mode exists, with a coupling between the wave modes of both cavity resonators taking place via a coupling aperture present between two adjacent cavity resonators.
  • Such a microwave filter is for example from DE-PS 21 22 337 or IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL. MIT-32, No. 11, Nov. 1984, pp. 1449-1454.
  • the resonance circuits of the microwave filters on which these are based are realized by TE and / or TM wave modes which resonate in the individual cavity resonators.
  • the characteristic of such a microwave filter depends on which orthogonally polarized wave modes exist in the individual cavity resonators and which of these wave modes are coupled to one another. Couplings between the wave modes existing in each individual cavity resonator and couplings between wave modes in different cavity resonators come into question. Cross-cavity resonance wave mode couplings take place via coupling apertures with coupling openings therein.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a microwave filter of the type mentioned at the outset which, compared to the prior art, offers further possibilities for realizing filter characteristics.
  • the microwave filter shown in FIG. 1 consists of two cylindrical cavity resonators HR1 and HR2, of which the first cavity resonator HR1 has an input E for coupling in a microwave signal and the second cavity resonator HR2 has an output A for coupling out a signal.
  • the various known possibilities of coupling and decoupling microwave signals will not be discussed in more detail here.
  • the direction of the E field lines of the TE11n wave mode shown in FIG. 2b corresponds to its direction of polarization.
  • Fig. 2a shows the TMO1p wave mode. Its E field lines run in the direction of wave propagation, the direction of polarization (see arrow R5) of this TMO1p wave mode.
  • each individual cavity resonator can be connected by discontinuity coupling elements, e.g. Tuning screws, which are embedded in the cavity wall in a known manner, are coupled.
  • Couplings of the wave modes of the one cavity resonator HR1 with wave modes of the other cavity resonator HR2 take place via a coupling aperture KB arranged between the two adjacent cavity resonators.
  • a slot-shaped coupling opening K1 is arranged off-center in the coupling aperture KB. Namely, this coupling opening lies at a point where the magnetic field lines or components of the TE11n wave mode of the resonance circuit R1 in the first cavity HR1 and the magnetic field lines of the TMO1p wave mode of the resonance circuit R5 in the second cavity HR2 run parallel to one another. Thus, these two wave modes are coupled via the coupling opening K1.
  • the TE11n wave mode of the resonant circuit R1 of the first cavity resonator HR1 is also polarized with the same TE11n wave mode of the resonant circuit R4 coupled in the second cavity HR2.
  • a coupling between the TE11n wave mode of the resonance circuit R2 in the first cavity resonator HR1 and the TMO1p wave mode of the resonance circuit R5 and also the TE11n -Wave mode of the resonant circuit R3 in the second cavity HR2 can be effected.
  • a very simple coupling opening structure can be used to achieve a large number of couplings between differently designed or differently polarized wave modes of adjacent cavity resonators.
  • the choice of dimensioning and the position of the coupling opening determine the frequency at which a wave mode coupling takes place and how large the coupling degree is.
  • the microwave filter consisted of only two cavity resonators.
  • filters can also be constructed from more than just two cavity resonators, with one (single-mode) two (dual-mode) or three wave modes (triple-mode) existing in each individual cavity resonator, which can be coupled to one another depending on the desired filter characteristic.

Abstract

Bei einem Mikrowellenfilter, bestehend aus mindestens zwei Hohlraumresonatoren (HR1, HR2), in denen jeweils mindestens ein TE- oder TM-Wellenmode existiert, findet eine Kopplung zwischen einem TE-Wellenmode in dem einen der beiden benachbarten Hohlraumresonatoren (HR1, HR2) und einem TM-Wellenmode in dem anderen Hohlraumresonator statt (Fig. 1).With a microwave filter, consisting of at least two cavity resonators (HR1, HR2), in each of which at least one TE or TM wave mode exists, there is a coupling between a TE wave mode in one of the two adjacent cavity resonators (HR1, HR2) and one TM wave mode takes place in the other cavity (Fig. 1).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Mikrowellenfilter, bestehend aus mindestens zwei Hohlraumresonatoren, in de­nen jeweils mindestens ein TE- oder TM-Wellenmode existiert, wobei über eine zwischen zwei benachbarten Hohlraumresona­toren vorhandene Koppelblende eine Kopplung zwischen den Wellenmoden beider Hohlraumresonatoren erfolgt.The present invention relates to a microwave filter, consisting of at least two cavity resonators, in each of which at least one TE or TM wave mode exists, with a coupling between the wave modes of both cavity resonators taking place via a coupling aperture present between two adjacent cavity resonators.

Ein derartiges Mikrowellenfilter ist z.B. aus der DE-PS 21 22 337 oder der IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL. MIT-32, No. 11, Nov. 1984, S. 1449-1454 bekannt. Die Resonanzkreise der hier zugrun­de liegenden Mikrowellenfilter sind durch TE- und/oder TM-Wellenmoden realisiert, die in den einzelnen Hohlraum­resonatoren in Resonanz schwingen. Die Charakteristik ei­nes solchen Mikrowellenfilters hängt davon ab, welche or­thogonal zueinander polarisierten Wellenmoden in den ein­zelnen Hohlraumresonatoren existieren und welche dieser Wellenmoden miteinander gekoppelt sind. Dabei kommen Kopp­lungen zwischen den in jedem einzelnen Hohlraumresonatoren existierenden Wellenmoden und Kopplungen zwischen Wellen­moden in verschiedenen Hohlraumresonatoren in Frage. Hohl­raumresonator übergreifende Wellenmode-Kopplungen erfol­gen über Koppelblenden mit darin vorhandenen Koppelöffnun­gen.Such a microwave filter is for example from DE-PS 21 22 337 or IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL. MIT-32, No. 11, Nov. 1984, pp. 1449-1454. The resonance circuits of the microwave filters on which these are based are realized by TE and / or TM wave modes which resonate in the individual cavity resonators. The characteristic of such a microwave filter depends on which orthogonally polarized wave modes exist in the individual cavity resonators and which of these wave modes are coupled to one another. Couplings between the wave modes existing in each individual cavity resonator and couplings between wave modes in different cavity resonators come into question. Cross-cavity resonance wave mode couplings take place via coupling apertures with coupling openings therein.

Die Erfindung geht von der Aufgabe aus, ein Mikrowellenfil­ter der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, das gegenüber dem Stand der Technik weitere Möglichkeiten bietet zur Reali­sierung von Filtercharakteristika.The invention is based on the object of specifying a microwave filter of the type mentioned at the outset which, compared to the prior art, offers further possibilities for realizing filter characteristics.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Zweckmäßige Ausführungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Unter­ansprüchen hervor.Appropriate embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Bei den aus der DE-PS 21 22 337 bzw. aus der IEEE TRANSAC­TIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES hervorgehenden Mi­krowellenfiltern finden Hohlraumresonator übergreifende Kopplungen nur zwischen gleichpolarisierten TE-Wellenmoden bzw. zwischen gleichpolarisierten TM-Wellenmoden statt. Eine Vielzahl weiterer Filtercharakteristika läßt sich realisie­ren, wenn wie beim Anmeldungsgegenstand auch TM-Wellenmoden in einem Hohlraumresonator mit TE-Wellenmoden eines anderen Hohlraumresonators gekoppelt werden.In the case of the microwave filters resulting from DE-PS 21 22 337 or from the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, cross-cavity resonance couplings only take place between equally polarized TE wave modes or between equally polarized TM wave modes. A large number of further filter characteristics can be realized if, as in the subject of the application, TM wave modes in one cavity resonator are coupled with TE wave modes of another cavity resonator.

An Hand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbei­spiels soll nun die Erfindung näher erläutert werden.

  • Fig 1. zeigt ein Mikrowellenfilter mit zwei Hohlraumresona­toren und
  • Fig. 2a, 2b zeigen einen TMO1p- und einen TE11n-Wellenmode.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a microwave filter with two cavity resonators and
  • 2a, 2b show a TMO1p and a TE11n wave mode.

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Mikrowellenfilter besteht aus zwei zylindrischen Hohlraumresonatoren HR1 und HR2, von de­nen der erste Hohlraumresonator HR1 einen Eingang E zum Ein­koppeln eines Mikrowellensignals und der zweite Hohlraumre­sonator HR2 einen Ausgang A zum Auskoppeln eines Signals be­sitzt. Auf die verschiedensten bekannten Möglichkeiten, Mi­krowellensignale ein- und auszukoppeln, soll hier nicht nä­her eingegangen werden.The microwave filter shown in FIG. 1 consists of two cylindrical cavity resonators HR1 and HR2, of which the first cavity resonator HR1 has an input E for coupling in a microwave signal and the second cavity resonator HR2 has an output A for coupling out a signal. The various known possibilities of coupling and decoupling microwave signals will not be discussed in more detail here.

Das dargestellte Mikrowellenfilter besitzt insgesamt fünf Resonanzkreise R1 ... R5, von denen die Resonanzkreise R1 und R2 im ersten Hohlraumresonator HR1 und die Resonanz­kreise R3 und R4 im zweiten Hohlraumresonator HR2 durch TE11n-Wellenmoden (n=1, 2, 3 ...) realisiert sind, welche die durch die Pfeile in Fig. 1 angedeutete Polarisations­richtungen haben. Der Verlaufsrichtung der E-Feldlinien des in Fig. 2b dargestellten TE11n-Wellenmodes entspricht seiner Polarisationsrichtung. Der fünfte Resonanzkreis R5 des filters ist durch einen TMO1p-Wellenmodus
(p = 0, 1, 2 ...) realisiert, der orthogonal zu den TE11n-­Wellenmoden polarisiert ist. Den TMO1p-Wellenmode zeigt die Fig. 2a. Seine E-Feldlinien verlaufen in Wellenausbreitungs­richtung, der Polarisationsrichtung (s. Pfeil R5) dieses TMO1p-Wellenmodes.The microwave filter shown has a total of five resonant circuits R1 ... R5, of which the resonant circuits R1 and R2 in the first cavity HR1 and the resonant circuits R3 and R4 in the second cavity HR2 by TE11n wave modes (n = 1, 2, 3 ...) are realized, which have the polarization directions indicated by the arrows in FIG. 1. The direction of the E field lines of the TE11n wave mode shown in FIG. 2b corresponds to its direction of polarization. The fifth resonant circuit R5 of the filter is through a TMO1p wave mode
(p = 0, 1, 2 ...), which is polarized orthogonally to the TE11n wave modes. Fig. 2a shows the TMO1p wave mode. Its E field lines run in the direction of wave propagation, the direction of polarization (see arrow R5) of this TMO1p wave mode.

Die in jedem einzelnen Hohlraumresonator vorhandenen or­thogonal zueinander polarisierten Wellenmoden können durch Diskontinuitätskoppelglieder, z.B. Abstimmschrauben, wel­che in bekannter Weise indie Hohlraumwand eingelassen sind, gekoppelt werden.The wave modes which are orthogonally polarized with respect to one another in each individual cavity resonator can be connected by discontinuity coupling elements, e.g. Tuning screws, which are embedded in the cavity wall in a known manner, are coupled.

Kopplungen der Wellenmoden des einen Hohlraumresonators HR1 mit Wellenmoden des anderen Hohlraumresonators HR2 finden über eine zwischen den beiden benachbarten Hohlraumresona­toren angeordnete Koppelblende KB statt. In der Koppelblende KB ist außermittig eine schlitzförmige Koppelöffnung K1 an­geordnet. Und zwar liegt diese Koppelöffnung an einer Stelle, wo die magnetischen Feldlinien bzw. Komponenten des TE11n- Wellenmodes des Resonanzkreises R1 im ersten Hohlraumreso­nator HR1 und die magnetischen Feldlinien des TMO1p-Wellen­modes des Resonanzkreises R5 im zweiten Hohlraumresonator HR2 parallel zueinander verlaufen. Somit erfolgt über die Koppelöffnung K1 eine Kopplung dieser beiden Wellenmoden. Durch die so angeordnete Koppelöffnung K1 wird außerdem der TE11n-Wellenmode des Resonanzkreises R1 des ersten Hohlraumresonators HR1 noch mit dem gleichpolarisierten TE11n-Wellenmode des Resonanzkreises R4 im zweiten Hohlraum­resonator HR2 gekoppelt.Couplings of the wave modes of the one cavity resonator HR1 with wave modes of the other cavity resonator HR2 take place via a coupling aperture KB arranged between the two adjacent cavity resonators. A slot-shaped coupling opening K1 is arranged off-center in the coupling aperture KB. Namely, this coupling opening lies at a point where the magnetic field lines or components of the TE11n wave mode of the resonance circuit R1 in the first cavity HR1 and the magnetic field lines of the TMO1p wave mode of the resonance circuit R5 in the second cavity HR2 run parallel to one another. Thus, these two wave modes are coupled via the coupling opening K1. Through the coupling opening K1 thus arranged, the TE11n wave mode of the resonant circuit R1 of the first cavity resonator HR1 is also polarized with the same TE11n wave mode of the resonant circuit R4 coupled in the second cavity HR2.

Desgleichen kann über eine weitere außermittig der Koppel­blende KB angeordnete Koppelöffnung K2, die gegenüber der Koppelblende K1 um 90° verschoben ist, eine Kopplung zwi­schen dem TE11n-Wellenmode des Resonanzkreises R2 im ersten Hohlraumresonator HR1 und dem TMO1p-Wellenmode des Resonanz­kreises R5 und auch dem TE11n-Wellenmode des Resonanzkrei­ses R3 im zweiten Hohlraumresonator HR2 bewirkt werden. Wie die vorangehenden Ausführungen zeigen, erreicht man also mit einer sehr einfachen Koppelöffnungsstruktur eine große Viel­zahl von Kopplungen zwischen verschieden gearteten bzw. un­terschiedlich polarisierten Wellenmoden benachbarter Hohl­raumresonatoren.Likewise, via a further coupling opening K2 arranged off-center of the coupling aperture KB, which is displaced by 90 ° with respect to the coupling aperture K1, a coupling between the TE11n wave mode of the resonance circuit R2 in the first cavity resonator HR1 and the TMO1p wave mode of the resonance circuit R5 and also the TE11n -Wave mode of the resonant circuit R3 in the second cavity HR2 can be effected. As the preceding explanations show, a very simple coupling opening structure can be used to achieve a large number of couplings between differently designed or differently polarized wave modes of adjacent cavity resonators.

Von der Wahl der Dimensionierung und der Lage der Koppelöff­nung hängt es ab, bei welcher Frequenz eine Wellenmoden-Kopp­lung stattfindet und wie groß der Kopplungsgrad ist.The choice of dimensioning and the position of the coupling opening determine the frequency at which a wave mode coupling takes place and how large the coupling degree is.

Beim vorangehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeipiel bestand das Mikrowellenfilter aus nur zwei Hohlraumresonatoren. Na­türlich können auch Filter aus mehr als nur zwei Hohlraumre­sonatoren aufgebaut werden, wobei in jedem einzelnen Hohl­raumresonator ein (single-mode) zwei (dual-mode) oder drei Wellenmoden (triple-mode) existieren, die je nach gewünsch­ter Filtercharakteristik miteinander zu koppeln sind.In the exemplary embodiment described above, the microwave filter consisted of only two cavity resonators. Of course, filters can also be constructed from more than just two cavity resonators, with one (single-mode) two (dual-mode) or three wave modes (triple-mode) existing in each individual cavity resonator, which can be coupled to one another depending on the desired filter characteristic.

Claims (4)

1. Mikrowellenfilter, bestehend aus mindestens zwei Hohlraum­resonatoren, in denen jeweils mindestens ein TE- oder TM-­Wellenmode existiert, wobei über eine zwischen zwei be­nachbarten Hohlraumresonatoren vorhandene Koppelblende eine Kopplung zwischen den Wellenmoden beider Hohlraum­resonatoren erfolgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Kopplung zwischen einem TE-Wellenmode in dem einen der beiden benachbarten Hohlraumresonatoren (HR1, HR2) und einem TM-Wellenmode in dem anderen Hohlraumresonator stattfindet.1. Microwave filter, consisting of at least two cavity resonators, in each of which at least one TE or TM wave mode exists, with a coupling between the wave modes of both cavity resonators taking place via a coupling aperture present between two adjacent cavity resonators, characterized in that a coupling between a TE Wave mode takes place in one of the two adjacent cavity resonators (HR1, HR2) and a TM wave mode in the other cavity resonator. 2. Mikrowellenfilter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß in der Koppelblende (KB) mindestens eine Kop­pelöffnung (K1, K2) dort angeordnet ist, wo die magne­tischen Feldlinien des TE- und des TM-Wellenmodes in der Blendenebene in etwa parallel zueinander verlaufen.2. Microwave filter according to claim 1, characterized in that in the coupling aperture (KB) at least one coupling opening (K1, K2) is arranged where the magnetic field lines of the TE and TM wave modes in the aperture plane run approximately parallel to each other. 3. Mikrowellenfilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprü­che, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über die Koppelöffnung (K1, K2) in der Koppelblende (KB) ebenfalls eine Kopp­lung zwischen dem TE-Wellenmode in dem einen Hohlraum­resonator (HR1) und einem diesem gleichpolarisierten in dem anderen Hohlraumresonator (HR2) neben dem TM-Wellen­mode existierenden TE-Wellenmode stattfindet.3. Microwave filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that via the coupling opening (K1, K2) in the coupling aperture (KB) also a coupling between the TE wave mode in the one cavity resonator (HR1) and one of the same polarized in the other cavity resonator (HR2) takes place next to the TM wave mode existing TE wave mode. 4. Mikrowellenfilter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprü­che, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem einen der bei­den Hohlraumresonatoren (HR1, HR2) zwei orthogonal zu­einander polarisierte TE-Wellenmoden und in dem anderen Hohlraumresonator ebenfalls zwei orthogonal zueinander polarisierte TE-Wellenmoden und ein zu diesen beiden orthogonal polarisierter TM-Wellentyp existieren, daß über eine erste Koppelöffnung (K1) in der Koppelblende (KB) der erste TE-Wellenmode des einen Hohlraumresona­ tors (HR1) mit dem ihm gleichpolarisierten TE-Wellenmode und dem TM-Wellenmode des anderen Hohlraumresonators (HR2) gekoppelt ist und daß über eine zweite Koppelöffnung (K2) der zweite TE-Wellenmode des einen Hohlraumresonators (HR1) mit dem diesem gleichpolarisierten TE-Wellenmode und dem TM-Wellenmode des anderen Hohlraumresonators (HR2) gekop­pelt ist.4. Microwave filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in one of the two cavity resonators (HR1, HR2) two orthogonally polarized TE wave modes and in the other cavity resonator also two orthogonally polarized TE wave modes and one orthogonal to these two Polarized TM wave types exist that the first TE wave mode of one cavity resonance via a first coupling opening (K1) in the coupling aperture (KB) tors (HR1) with the same polarized TE wave mode and the TM wave mode of the other cavity resonator (HR2) is coupled and that via a second coupling opening (K2) the second TE wave mode of the one cavity resonator (HR1) with the same polarized TE Wave mode and the TM wave mode of the other cavity resonator (HR2) is coupled.
EP87107533A 1986-06-25 1987-05-23 Microwave filter Expired - Lifetime EP0250857B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3621299 1986-06-25
DE19863621299 DE3621299A1 (en) 1986-06-25 1986-06-25 MICROWAVE FILTER

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EP0250857A2 true EP0250857A2 (en) 1988-01-07
EP0250857A3 EP0250857A3 (en) 1988-12-07
EP0250857B1 EP0250857B1 (en) 1992-07-15

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EP (1) EP0250857B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1271532A (en)
DE (2) DE3621299A1 (en)

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FR2675952A1 (en) * 1991-04-29 1992-10-30 Alcatel Telspace UHF filter with one or more resonant cavities
EP2432070A1 (en) * 2010-09-20 2012-03-21 COM DEV International Ltd. Super Q dual mode cavity filter assembly

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US5012211A (en) * 1987-09-02 1991-04-30 Hughes Aircraft Company Low-loss wide-band microwave filter
US5254963A (en) * 1991-09-25 1993-10-19 Comsat Microwave filter with a wide spurious-free band-stop response
DE19523220A1 (en) * 1995-06-27 1997-01-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Microwave filter
IT1284353B1 (en) * 1996-01-30 1998-05-18 Cselt Centro Studi Lab Telecom MULTIMODAL CAVITY FOR WAVE GUIDE FILTERS.
IT1284354B1 (en) * 1996-01-30 1998-05-18 Cselt Centro Studi Lab Telecom MULTIMODAL CAVITY FOR WAVE GUIDE FILTERS.
US5774030A (en) * 1997-03-31 1998-06-30 Hughes Electronics Corporation Parallel axis cylindrical microwave filter
US7982561B2 (en) * 2008-09-05 2011-07-19 Harris Corporation Resonator system for an RF power amplifier output circuit
CN112436260A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-02 苏州灿勤通讯技术有限公司 Novel TE mode dielectric resonator

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2675952A1 (en) * 1991-04-29 1992-10-30 Alcatel Telspace UHF filter with one or more resonant cavities
EP2432070A1 (en) * 2010-09-20 2012-03-21 COM DEV International Ltd. Super Q dual mode cavity filter assembly
US8665039B2 (en) 2010-09-20 2014-03-04 Com Dev International Ltd. Dual mode cavity filter assembly operating in a TE22N mode

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EP0250857B1 (en) 1992-07-15
US4734665A (en) 1988-03-29
DE3780367D1 (en) 1992-08-20
CA1271532A (en) 1990-07-10
EP0250857A3 (en) 1988-12-07
DE3621299A1 (en) 1988-01-07

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