EP0250425A1 - Device and method for producing artificial snow. - Google Patents
Device and method for producing artificial snow.Info
- Publication number
- EP0250425A1 EP0250425A1 EP86901910A EP86901910A EP0250425A1 EP 0250425 A1 EP0250425 A1 EP 0250425A1 EP 86901910 A EP86901910 A EP 86901910A EP 86901910 A EP86901910 A EP 86901910A EP 0250425 A1 EP0250425 A1 EP 0250425A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- snow
- sprayers
- fine particles
- nozzles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
- F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
- F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water
- F25C2303/0481—Snow making by using means for spraying water with the use of compressed air
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing artificial snow. It also relates to a device designed for the implementation of this process.
- the invention relates to industrial processes for the manufacture of snow which allow sufficiently large flows to be usable on the ski slopes in order to compensate for a deficient natural snow cover.
- snow cannons All the snow generators that are commonly called “snow cannons” are, in fact, sprayers projecting into the ambient air, at negative temperature, fine droplets of water which must be frozen to obtain snow crystals or more precisely frost. Only, therefore, are the cold outside air and the water which directly exchange their calories, by heating the latter and by evaporating part of the droplets if it is not saturated. For this process to take place in good conditions, it is essential that the primary nucleation starts as quickly as possible in the form of a maximum of seeds of sowing, so that the exchanges of heat between water and air succeed as complete secondary nucleation as possible, even if the crystals produced contain more residual water than natural snow. This is where the type of snow generator used comes in.
- the others use circular or toric spray bars, with multiple nozzles; primary nucleation -> is obtained either from very fine hydraulic nozzles capable of creating germs in fairly large quantities, or from small pneumatic sprayers which, in principle, quickly promote the same formation.
- the frost mist thus obtained is entrained in a large air flow created from a helical fan placed upstream of the ramps and which also entails the droplets of more or less large size, which will themselves frost at from germs.
- a process derived from the prece ⁇ dent principle makes it possible to obtain fine droplets by directing a jet of e-au at high pressure directly on the blades of a fan rotating at very high speed.
- a defined mass of water spray can freeze.
- Two parameters are involved: the power of the jet which drives the water droplets more or less far, and the renewal of the air: wind or simply a slope breeze, convection current, air supply by any artificial mechanical means.
- the water sprayed into fine droplets can remain liquid very below the temperature of 0 ° C. This state of supercooling varies with the composition of the water. The purer it is (the case of droplets in the clouds), the lower the effective freezing temperature.
- the natural waters used in the barrels are not pure and contain, but in very variable quantities, many glaciogenic nuclei which bring the primary nucleation temperature closer to the freezing temperature of 0 ° C and this all the more that the droplets are fine. For a given negative temperature and relative humidity, the performance of a snow-making installation therefore depends on: the diameters of the droplets, their trajectories to the ground, the renewal of the ambient air, very largely the quantity of seeds of seed from the generator and, finally, the quantity of glaciogenic nuclei.
- the object of the present invention is in particular to propose a new process and a new type of snow generator making snow in "quarry” and promoting the control of all the useful parameters, in order to obtain the greatest possible quantity of freezable water in specified conditions of. dry temperature "r of relative humidity and air movement speed.
- This generator requires automatic adjustment of all the elements which condition its operation, by adaptation of perfectly known and mastered devices. They integrate all atmospheric conditions as well as the characteristics of the water and the air drawn.
- the invention described proposes a particular adjustment which can directly take into account the water content of the crystals produced.
- Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the snow generator according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows the arrangement of the supply ramps for the nozzles and the hydropneumatic sprayers of this generator.
- Figure 3 shows the diagram of the entire installation: power, production, automation.
- Figure 4 shows, schematically, the principle an air / water hydropneumatic sprayer.
- FIG. 5 shows the diagram of a pneumatic sprayer using liquid and gaseous nitrogen as well as its location with respect to the nozzles of small particle sizes.
- Figure 6 shows the diagram of liquid nitrogen nozzles and their location.
- FIG. 7 shows the diagram of ultrasonic liquid nitrogen sprayers and their location.
- FIG. 8 illustrates, diagrammatically, the use, for sowing, of snow crystals atomized and dispersed in the cloud of the particles to be frozen.
- FIG. 10 shows the variation curves of the compared dielectric constants of water and ice between 10 3 and 10 ⁇ Hz.
- the snow generator according to the invention shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 is similar to the principle of multiple jet fan cannons, by the use of hydraulic nozzles and hydro pneumatic nozzles providing a mist of water particles and of frost, driven by an air current produced by one or more powerful centrifugal fans.
- the snow generator according to the invention comprises a plurality of stepped spray booms 1, the provided with spray nozzles 2, 8 and arranged parallel or substantially parallel with a horizontal or almost horizontal orientation.
- the particles ejected from these spray nozzles at a certain speed are accelerated by a powerful flow of air produced by one or more fans 3 placed behind and upstream of the spray bars 1, the, these fans being advantageously constituted by centrifugal fans, with variable speed or not, which allow a regular distribution of the air flow in the inlet section of the diffuser 6 at the outlet of which said spraying ramps are arranged and an acceptable sound level.
- the flow rate of the fans 3 and the air speed are calculated simply in order to allow the particles, whatever their size, to follow a trajectory 4 of sufficient length to obtain a correct maximum density of the snow produced.
- the air flow of the fans can vary to better respond to significant variations in water pressures, its flow, the types of nozzles in operation, the direction and speed of the displacements of the ambiant air. Particle trajectories also vary. according to the height h 5 of the diffuser 6 above the ground and the slope of the natural ground 7.
- the fine particles of water are supplied by a large number of hydraulic nozzles 2, while the seed germs are produced by hydraulic sprayers 8 in much smaller numbers.
- the boom l fitted with hydropneumatic sprayer 8 advantageously has a greater length than that of the booms 1 fitted with hydraulic nozzles 2, and extends beyond each side of the assembly constituted by these last ; the usefulness of this provision being explained later in this presentation.
- the set of spray bars 1, l ' is disposed at the outlet of the diffuser 6 constituted by a box open at the front and having a transverse profile diverging in the direction of its anterior outlet opening 6a.
- the assembly constituted by the ramps 1, 1 ′ provided with hydraulic nozzles and hydro-pneumatic sprayers 8, and by the diffuser 6, is movable around a vertical axis 48, so as to have a variable orientation when the winds are too changing direction.
- the air from the hydropneumatic sprayers 8 is supplied by compressors at pressures from 7 to 20 bars.
- the water pressure of hydropneumatic sprayers varies with the operating conditions.
- the hydraulic sprayers 8 are located at the base of the diffuser 6, over the entire length of the latter.
- the spray bars are placed in aerodynamic flaps 33 and 49.
- flaps have a front end rounded and they are placed inside the diffuser 6; they participate in the regulation and distribution of the air flow generated by each fan 3.
- the water to be frozen can be cooled in air / water exchangers 9 or, preferably, in open circuit cooling towers 14 ( figure 3).
- FIG. 2 illustrates, diagrammatically, the distribution, in staggered rows, of the hydraulic nozzles 2 and of the hydropneumatic sprayers 8, at the outlet surface of the diffuser 6.
- the relative spacing of the nozzles of the order of 15 to 25 cm, and their arrangement en- quin ⁇ conceived, make it possible to interest a large volume of exchanging djair and limit the coalescence of the _._ droplets, at least on the first part of their trajectory where they will be able to cool to their freezing temperature but also evaporate, especially the smallest.
- a gram of evaporated water lowers the temperature of one m3 of air by 1.6 ° C while this temperature rises by 0.23 ° C when this same gram of water goes to the solid state.
- the installation according to the invention can be equipped with automation devices, known per se, thanks to which it is possible to select the number and the type of nozzles of the snow generator that it is desirable to set up. service, depending on the temperature.
- automation devices known per se, thanks to which it is possible to select the number and the type of nozzles of the snow generator that it is desirable to set up. service, depending on the temperature.
- FIG. 3 represents an overall operating diagram of the snow generator.
- the water arrives at a flow meter 10 and passes through an assembly comprising a valve 11 and a filter 12. Following this assembly, an altimetric tap 13, adjusted to the level of a tank 15 by a socket 16 , supplies a refrigerant 14 which pours into a tank 15. The latter is provided with a drain 17 and a weir 18.
- One or more high-pressure pumps 19 take up the water from tank 15 to send it into the sprayer booms 1 through a weir 20, a flow meter 21, a pressure liiter 22 and a filter 23.
- the nozzles of different diameters 2 are distributed on the booms 1.
- the same network supplies the water from the hydro-pneumatic sprayers. ticks 8.
- the air from the sprayers is supplied at pressures between 7 and 20 bars by a compressor 24 provided with an assembly comprising a coolant 25 and a decanter 26 and which feeds the ramp 27 to which said sprayers are connected.
- the centrifugal fan 3 supplies propulsion air through the diffuser assembly 6.
- a regulation assembly equipped with a programmable controller 28 receives the following information: dry temperature 29, relative humidity 30, speed of movement of the ambient air and direction 31, temperature of the water to be frozen 32. The data serve to control the compressor 24, the fan, the water pumps 19 and the pressure li itor 22.
- the flow meter 21 checks the correct operation of the nozzles 2 and the hydropneumatic sprayers 8.
- FIG. 2 shows that the ramp and the diffuser flap system 33 of the hydropneumatic nozzles 8 project on each side of the main diffuser 6, so that the mist of seed germs covers the maximum spread of the dispersions of the droplets produced by the nozzles 2 , whatever the direction of movement of the ambient air, within the limits fixed for the proper functioning of the device: approximately 60 degrees, on either side of the axis of the device.
- FIG. 2 also shows that the generator • ' can advantageously be composed of juxtaposable elements formed of standard modules 47 in order to increase, at will, its production capacity.
- Figure 4 shows the diagram of a hydropneumatic sprayer 8 with compressed air with mixture inside, starting from the back of the device, near the air and water jets.
- This material is charac ⁇ terized by a very long mixing chamber 34, for example from 150 to 200 mm for a diameter of 10 to 12 mm.
- a vane propeller 35 of the type commonly used on full cone hydraulic nozzles, is placed upstream of a flat jet nozzle 50 constituting the end of the sprayer and ensuring a rectangular distribution of the particles.
- the invention provides for the replacement of ' air / water sprayers of this type, by sprayers using a cryogenic liquid, such as nitrogen, or by the dispersion, directly in the fog, of fine particles of snow collected near the snow generator.
- a cryogenic liquid such as nitrogen
- FIG. 5 shows the diagram of a pneumatic sprayer 36 operating with nitrogen in liquid and gaseous form.
- the nitrogen is stored in a balloon 37 near the device.
- the nitrogen gas is obtained from this balloon using an exchanger 38.
- the pressures of the liquid and gas phases on arrival at the sprayers 36 are practically the same.
- FIG. 6 shows the diagram of installation of nozzles with pressurized liquid nitrogen 39, near the first hydraulic nozzles with very fine particle sizes.
- Figure 7 shows the diagram of pu> l liquid nitrogen ultrasonic ultrasound at very low pressure 40 operating with an oscillator 41 vibrating at frequencies between 20 and 100 KHz.
- the sprayer boom 40 is, in this case, advantageously placed between two ramps 1 of hydraulic nozzles 2 with very fine particle sizes.
- FIG. 8 shows, diagrammatically, the devices for sampling 42 and dispersing 43 snow crystals (natural or artificial) inside the water mist leaving the nozzles 2 to break the supercooling.
- snow crystals natural or artificial
- FIG. 9 shows, diagrammatically, the use which can be made of a stationary snow generator according to the invention, in order to allow snowmaking on a ski slope.
- the manufacture of snow in the quarry, in a site chosen for its specific qualities and without any discomfort for the environment, allows to obtain a very high yield due to the possibility of taking into account, in the operating program, the set of variables concerned, but with a unique value for each of them.
- the generator is supplemented by a system for taking snow 44 and transferring it under pressure into a flexible or rigid pipe 45 which makes it possible to spread it on the runway from outlets 46 correctly distributed along the route.
- the snow production and transport functions are completely independent and can therefore each have different and variable schedules.
- the ramps 1 and diffuser 6 assembly can be movable around a vertical axis 48, as indicated previously. It is envisaged to use, to adjust the automatic operation of the generator, direct measurement of the liquid water content (TEL) of the snow crystals produced, as and when they are produced, on the ground or on their paths. .
- TEL liquid water content
- the process uses variations in the electrical properties of water in solid or liquid phase, essentially its dielectric constant.
- ⁇ E 1 - j ⁇ ", either the fluctuations of ⁇ '(fast relative permitti), or of ⁇ " (loss factor, characterizing the absorption).
- the frequencies used, depending on the types of measurement, will be less than 1 GHz or higher (microwave domain).
- FIG. 10 gives, by way of example, in the field of radio frequencies, the significant variations and differences in the relative per itti vi ties of water ⁇ 'e and ice ⁇ 'g, as well as the factors of loss of water ⁇ "e and ice ⁇ " g.
- the measurement of the TEL of the crystals is not comparable to the measurement of the density of the manufactured snow. There is a close correspondence between these two data only if the crystals remain identical in their shapes, sizes, structures and distribution. However, we know that this is not the case since many of the parameters in question change as a function of the types of nozzles and their flow rate, pressures and temperatures of water and air, etc.
Abstract
Dispositif et procédé de générateur de neige artificielle fonctionnant par pulvérisation d'eau en fines particules à partir de buses hydrauliques (2) et par fabrication de germes d'ensemencement à partir de pulvérisateur (8), l'ensemble: fines particules d'eau et germes d'ensemencement, formant un brouillard entraîné par le courant d'air produit par un ou plusieurs ventilateurs (3), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité de rampes de pulvérisation étagées (1, 1') disposées parallèlement et horizontalement ou quasi horizontalement, sur lesquelles sont branchées lesdites buses hydrauliques (2) et lesdits pulvérisateurs (8) entre lesquel(le)s sont ménagés des espacements, par exemple d'au moins 15 cm.Apparatus and method for an artificial snow generator operating by spraying water into fine particles from hydraulic nozzles (2) and by producing seed seeds from the sprayer (8), the set: fine water particles and seeding germs, forming a mist driven by the air current produced by one or more fans (3), characterized in that it comprises a plurality of stepped spray bars (1, 1') arranged parallel and horizontal or almost horizontally, on which are connected said hydraulic nozzles (2) and said sprayers (8) between which (the) s are arranged spacings, for example of at least 15 cm.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86901910T ATE55002T1 (en) | 1985-03-27 | 1986-03-26 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCTION OF SNOW. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8504721 | 1985-03-27 | ||
FR8504721A FR2579732B1 (en) | 1985-03-27 | 1985-03-27 | DEVICES AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING ARTIFICIAL SNOW |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0250425A1 true EP0250425A1 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
EP0250425B1 EP0250425B1 (en) | 1990-07-25 |
Family
ID=9317712
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86901910A Expired - Lifetime EP0250425B1 (en) | 1985-03-27 | 1986-03-26 | Device and method for producing artificial snow |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4836446A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0250425B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS62502908A (en) |
AU (1) | AU587246B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3673013D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2579732B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1986005864A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0855563A1 (en) | 1997-01-23 | 1998-07-29 | LEITNER S.p.A. | Snow production cannon |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4916911A (en) * | 1987-05-21 | 1990-04-17 | Dendrite Associates, Inc. | Snowmaking process and apparatus |
US5018213A (en) * | 1988-05-11 | 1991-05-21 | Web Printing Controls Co., Inc. | Method and apparatus for registration mark identification |
FR2634663A1 (en) * | 1988-07-29 | 1990-02-02 | Lagier Jacques | Installation for covering ski runs with artificial snow |
JPH03251668A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-11-11 | Nkk Corp | Artificial method for producing snow and equipment therefor |
CA2015259A1 (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-10-24 | Louis Handfield | Snow making machine |
DE4017603C1 (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1991-07-18 | Wagner International Ag, Altstaetten, Ch | |
US5167367A (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1992-12-01 | Snow Machines Incorporated | Snowmaking apparatus and methods |
US5400965A (en) * | 1992-06-01 | 1995-03-28 | Ratnik Industries, Inc. | Automated snow-making system |
IT1259262B (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1996-03-11 | AUTOMATIC LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM FOR DINEVE SCHEDULED PRODUCTION | |
DE4243731C1 (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1994-05-11 | Manfred Weinrich | Snow-generating gun for ski slopes - controls water-supply valve electronically dependent on difference between temperatures detected by two sensors |
FR2742851B1 (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1998-03-20 | Guillaume Gil | IMPROVEMENTS TO ARTIFICIAL SNOW MANUFACTURING PROCESSES, AND IMPLEMENTING DEVICES |
NO982507L (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-03 | Arne Widar Luros | Snowblowers |
US6430940B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2002-08-13 | Alejandro J. Gonzalez | Special effects cloud generation system |
AU2002248984B2 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2007-07-05 | Snow Factories Sa | Snow making method and apparatus |
WO2003054460A1 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-07-03 | Nivis Gmbh - Srl | Snow canon and method for operating the same |
US6661317B2 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-12-09 | The Boeing Co. | Microwave monolithic integrated circuit assembly with multi-orientation pyrolytic graphite heat-dissipating assembly |
US20060060217A1 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-23 | Wilsey David E | Wash system employing snow blast |
BRPI0715966A2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2013-08-06 | Air Prod & Chem | apparatus, and method |
DE102007034223A1 (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2009-01-29 | GÖTZ, Werner | Artificial snow conveying device for concrete, has pneumatic conveying section exhibiting conveying line such as pipes and hoses and arranged between artificial snow production plant and artificial snow processing plant |
RU2687140C1 (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-07 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) | Device for producing artificial snow for agriculture |
RU2711596C1 (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-01-17 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) | Artificial snow production plant for agricultural needs |
Family Cites Families (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2676471A (en) * | 1950-12-14 | 1954-04-27 | Tey Mfg Corp | Method for making and distributing snow |
US2968164A (en) * | 1958-02-24 | 1961-01-17 | Alden W Hanson | Method of generating snow |
US3072346A (en) * | 1961-09-29 | 1963-01-08 | Spraying Systems Co | Spray nozzle |
FR1444733A (en) * | 1965-03-19 | 1966-07-08 | Artificial snow production by expansion of liquefied gas | |
US3494559A (en) * | 1967-10-31 | 1970-02-10 | Charles M Skinner | Snow making system |
US3762176A (en) * | 1969-09-18 | 1973-10-02 | B Coggins | Method and apparatus for making snow |
US3716190A (en) * | 1970-10-27 | 1973-02-13 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Atomizing method |
US3704991A (en) * | 1971-07-07 | 1972-12-05 | Robert M Leedy | Dispensing container for magnetizable articles |
US3703991A (en) * | 1971-07-23 | 1972-11-28 | Hedco | Snow precipitator |
US3727841A (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1973-04-17 | R Hengesbach | Multiple jet fluid sprinkling, spraying and diffusing device |
US3838815A (en) * | 1973-01-22 | 1974-10-01 | B Rice | Snow maker |
US3806702A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1974-04-23 | Folger P | Apparatus for preventing snow accumulation |
US3948442A (en) * | 1974-09-30 | 1976-04-06 | Hedco, Inc. | Apparatus and method for making snow with uniform drop size |
US3964682A (en) * | 1975-03-17 | 1976-06-22 | Tropeano Philip L | Method and apparatus for making snow produced by cumulative crystallization of snow particles |
US4129252A (en) * | 1975-05-23 | 1978-12-12 | Pouring Andrew A | Method and apparatus for production of seeding materials |
US4105161A (en) * | 1976-11-18 | 1978-08-08 | Boyne Mountain Lodge, Inc. | Method of making artificial snow |
FR2421353A1 (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-10-26 | Armand Daniel | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC SNOW MANUFACTURING |
US4214700A (en) * | 1978-10-27 | 1980-07-29 | Snow Machines, Inc. | Method and apparatus for making snow for ski slopes and the like |
US4247047A (en) * | 1979-01-15 | 1981-01-27 | Schaming Edward J | Modular zoned digital coolant control system for strip mill rolls |
DE2941052A1 (en) * | 1979-10-10 | 1981-03-12 | Heinz 8581 Heinersreuth Fischer | Artificial snow generator system - mixes water with compressed air cooled by expansion in convergent-divergent nozzle |
DE3008425C2 (en) * | 1980-03-05 | 1985-04-04 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Arrangement for gas mixing in molecular lasers |
US4473186A (en) * | 1982-04-12 | 1984-09-25 | Morton Alperin | Method and apparatus for spraying |
US4545529A (en) * | 1982-08-12 | 1985-10-08 | Tropeano Joseph C | Method and apparatus for automatically making snow |
US4475688A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-10-09 | Hodges James L | Artificial snow making |
FR2573854B1 (en) * | 1984-11-27 | 1987-04-24 | York Froid Ind | IMPROVEMENT IN SNOW CANNON FEEDING DEVICES IN ARTIFICIAL SNOW PLANTS FOR SKI SLOPES |
US4640460A (en) * | 1985-02-19 | 1987-02-03 | Franklin Jr Paul R | CO2 snow forming header with triple point feature |
-
1985
- 1985-03-27 FR FR8504721A patent/FR2579732B1/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-03-26 WO PCT/FR1986/000104 patent/WO1986005864A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1986-03-26 DE DE8686901910T patent/DE3673013D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-03-26 JP JP61501942A patent/JPS62502908A/en active Pending
- 1986-03-26 US US07/015,861 patent/US4836446A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-03-26 AU AU56296/86A patent/AU587246B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-03-26 EP EP86901910A patent/EP0250425B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8605864A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0855563A1 (en) | 1997-01-23 | 1998-07-29 | LEITNER S.p.A. | Snow production cannon |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU587246B2 (en) | 1989-08-10 |
WO1986005864A1 (en) | 1986-10-09 |
FR2579732B1 (en) | 1987-09-25 |
JPS62502908A (en) | 1987-11-19 |
EP0250425B1 (en) | 1990-07-25 |
AU5629686A (en) | 1986-10-23 |
US4836446A (en) | 1989-06-06 |
DE3673013D1 (en) | 1990-08-30 |
FR2579732A1 (en) | 1986-10-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO1986005864A1 (en) | Device and method for producing artificial snow | |
CA2027028C (en) | Method and apparatus for making snow | |
US4748817A (en) | Method and apparatus for producing microfine frozen particles | |
US3257815A (en) | Method and apparatus for the largescale production of snow fields for sports use | |
US6402047B1 (en) | Snow making apparatus and method | |
CN105371549B (en) | Snow making method and apparatus | |
JP5843247B2 (en) | Environmental test method and environmental test equipment using snowstorm by artificial snow | |
US5884841A (en) | Method and apparatus for making snow | |
FR2518722A1 (en) | IMPROVEMENT TO A MIXTURE FOR ICE CREAM PRODUCTION | |
KR20060015495A (en) | Nozzles | |
EP0004803B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for the automatic production of snow | |
EP2972018B1 (en) | Nucleator for generating ice crystals for seeding water droplets in snow-making systems | |
JP2018197650A (en) | Ice making method | |
CN112930463A (en) | Method and device for producing snowfall | |
CN103771554A (en) | Method and device for desalinating seawater by airflow impact, rotating suspension and freezing | |
JPH10512360A (en) | Method and apparatus for artificial snowfall | |
CN111156751A (en) | High-temperature combined automatic snow floating method | |
US4746064A (en) | Snow generating and snowfall apparatus | |
CN214665414U (en) | Snow making device | |
CN107367100B (en) | System and method for making snow artificially by using liquid nitrogen | |
RU2701329C1 (en) | Artificial snow production method for agriculture | |
JPH11183001A (en) | Artificial snow generation system | |
AU2004226877A1 (en) | Nozzles | |
JPH0660774B2 (en) | Snowmaking method and device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19870922 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI SE |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19880914 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 19900725 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19900725 Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19900725 Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19900725 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 55002 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19900815 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3673013 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19900830 |
|
GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19910331 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19910331 Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19910331 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: CHANEL PIERRE Effective date: 19910331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19911129 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19920101 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |