EP0250341A1 - Orientable feeding pipes for furnaces suited for firing carbonaceous blocks - Google Patents

Orientable feeding pipes for furnaces suited for firing carbonaceous blocks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0250341A1
EP0250341A1 EP87420151A EP87420151A EP0250341A1 EP 0250341 A1 EP0250341 A1 EP 0250341A1 EP 87420151 A EP87420151 A EP 87420151A EP 87420151 A EP87420151 A EP 87420151A EP 0250341 A1 EP0250341 A1 EP 0250341A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe
axis
flanges
furnace
chamber furnace
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Granted
Application number
EP87420151A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0250341B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Dreyer
Bernard Boffa
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Rio Tinto France SAS
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Aluminium Pechiney SA
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Priority to AT87420151T priority Critical patent/ATE46028T1/en
Publication of EP0250341A1 publication Critical patent/EP0250341A1/en
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Publication of EP0250341B1 publication Critical patent/EP0250341B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B13/00—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type, of type in which segmental kiln moves over stationary charge
    • F27B13/02—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type, of type in which segmental kiln moves over stationary charge of multiple-chamber type with permanent partitions; Combinations of furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B13/00—Furnaces with both stationary charge and progression of heating, e.g. of ring type, of type in which segmental kiln moves over stationary charge
    • F27B13/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of this type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S454/00—Ventilation
    • Y10S454/903—Flexible ducts used for carrying air

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improvement in the blowing and suction pipes of ovens with open chambers called "rotating fire” or “fire advancement” for cooking carbonaceous blocks (anodes or cathodes) intended in particular for production tanks of aluminum by the Hall-Héroult process, but also carbon blocks of all types generally intended for electrometallurgical furnaces.
  • carbon block any product obtained by shaping a carbon paste, and intended, after baking, for use in electrometallurgy ovens.
  • the carbon anodes intended for aluminum production tanks by electrolysis of alumina dissolved in molten cryolite are obtained by placing. in the form of a carbonaceous paste resulting from the kneading, at around 120 to 200 ° C, of a mixture of pitch and ground coke. After shaping, the anodes are baked for a hundred hours at a temperature of the order of 1100 to 1200 ° C.
  • Other types of carbon blocks are obtained by the same process.
  • This type of oven has two parallel spans, the total length of which can reach more than a hundred meters.
  • Each span comprises a succession of chambers, separated by transverse walls and open at their upper part, to allow the loading of the raw blocks and the unloading of the cooled cooked blocks.
  • Each chamber comprises, arranged parallel to the major axis of the oven, a set of hollow partitions, with thin walls, in which the hot gases ensuring the cooking will circulate, alternating with cells in which the baking blocks are stacked which will then be embedded in carbonaceous dust (coke, anthracite or ground carbonaceous residues or any other powdery packing material).
  • carbonaceous dust coke, anthracite or ground carbonaceous residues or any other powdery packing material
  • the hollow partitions are provided, at their upper part, with closable openings called “openers”; they also include baffles to lengthen and distribute the path of the combustion gases more uniformly.
  • the heating of the oven is ensured by burner ramps, having a length equal to the width of the chambers, and the injectors of which are placed on the openings of the chambers concerned. Upstream of the burners (relative to the direction of advance of the fire), there is a combustion air blowing pipe, and, downstream, a suction pipe for the burnt gases.
  • the heating is ensured both by the combustion of the injected fuel (gas or fuel), and by that of the pitch vapors emitted by the blocks during cooking.
  • the blowing pipe-burner-suction pipe assembly is advanced, for example every 24 hours, each chamber thus ensuring, successively, the loading functions of the raw carbon blocks, natural preheating (by combustion gases), forced preheating and cooking at 1100-1200 ° (so-called full fire zone), cooling of carbonaceous blocks (and preheating of combustion gases), unloading of cooked carbonaceous blocks, possible repairs, and recovery of a new cycle.
  • the object of the invention is a pipe -which can function as well as a blow pipe as a suction pipe- each of whose teats is made orientable and adjustable in height so that at the time of placement on a new chamber, each udder can be simply and quickly oriented by rotation, so that the axis of the lower part of each udder coincides substantially with the axis of the corresponding opening and adapts contiguously to this opening, with height adjustment by sliding if necessary.
  • the object of the invention is a pipe for chamber furnaces intended for cooking carbonaceous blocks for the production of aluminum, this pipe comprising a main body provided with a plurality of nozzles to which connect tubing called "udders" in a number equal to that of the lines of heating partitions constituting the partitions of the rooms, each of these udders having to adapt to the openings called “openers” disposed at the top of each heating partition or of the walls transverse separating the different chambers of the oven.
  • each udder is constituted by at least two tubular elements, arranged in series, a first element provided on the one hand, at its upper part, with a flat flange which cooperates in contiguous relation and in rotation, with a flat flange disposed at the lower part of the nozzle, and on the other hand, at its lower part, a flat flange, in contiguous relation, and in rotation, with a flat flange disposed at the upper part of the second element, the first and second elements having, at least over part of their height, an axis inclined at an angle 0 (relative to the axis perpendicular to the plane of the flanges.
  • the plane flanges are parallel to each other and parallel to the plane containing the openings which is normally a horizontal plane.
  • each udder further comprises a third tubular element in contiguous relation by sliding partial engagement and coaxial with the lower part of the second element, the lower part of this third element adapting in tight relation on the 'workman.
  • the horizontality faults are absorbed by the play at the level of the interlocking of the third tubular element.
  • the height adjustment is coupled to one of the rotation adjustments of the udder by a connecting rod / crank system simultaneously allowing the rotation of the second element around the flange and the sliding of its lower part.
  • FIG. 1 to 6 illustrate the invention.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 recall, for a good understanding of the invention, the structure of a conventional chamber oven to which the present invention applies: in the section of Figure 1, we see the partitions (1), connected at their upper part by the "udders" (2) to the pipe (3) itself connected to the general manifold (4).
  • the blowing and suction pipes can be, depending on the case, connected to the rooms of the rooms or to the rooms of the transverse walls (9) according to our patent FR 2 535 834.
  • the carbon blocks (6 ) visible on the cutaway of the left side of figure 2.
  • baffles (7) of the heating partitions The purpose of the baffles (7) of the heating partitions is to lengthen the path of the hot gases and to homogenize the temperature in the partition.
  • the closable openings (8) allow the installation of the burner ramps (not shown), blow pipes or air suction pipes (3), and, in some cases, measuring devices (thermocouples, depressometers).
  • the successive chambers are separated by transverse walls (9).
  • the main axis of the oven is indicated by line XX '.
  • Each udder (2) of the suction pipe (3) is connected to an opening (8) of a given chamber, in tight relation.
  • the upper part of the udder is connected to the pipe (3) by a nozzle (10) in which is generally disposed a movable flap (11) which allows, by its rotation about an axis (11A) to regulate the flow in each series of chambers (5).
  • the vertical part of the udder which enters the opening is made orientable so that the axis (12) of the lower part substantially coincides with the axis (13) of the opening considered.
  • the orientable udder (14) makes it possible to make up for a deviation of ⁇ 50 mm in eccentricity (X and Y axes) and a deviation of + 50 mm in height (Z axis), these figures being given by way of example and not constituting a limitation of the invention.
  • the lower element (17) presses on a groove (30) at the periphery of the opening.
  • This groove may include a seal (29) resistant to high temperatures, for example in braided or felted mineral fiber.
  • the element (17) can be secured by tie rods, the lower part of which is sealed in the masonry of the furnace. Note that, in Figure 6, the support of the element (17) takes place on a peripheral relief (32) of the opening (8) by means of a double flexible seal (43).
  • the intermediate element (16) and the lower element (17) cooperate by a fitting (33) which makes it possible to make up for a difference in level (dimension Z) between the inlet of the opening and the lower part of the orientable udder (14).
  • the flanges and counter flanges (19) (20) and (27) (30) are pierced with holes for the passage of bolts, so as to maintain the cohesion of the assembly.
  • the free rotation of the assembly is ensured by a thick lubricant (grease) for high temperature injected into the space between the flanges, by means of grease fittings (21) (22).
  • the intermediate element (16) further comprises an operating device, constituted by a double rod-crank system, which makes it possible to simultaneously align the axes (8) and (12) in Y, that is to say ie along the transverse axis of the furnace, while maintaining or retouching the alignment in X.
  • This operating device formed symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the axis (28), comprises an axis (38) passing diametrically through the element (16A), supporting at its two ends a disc (37A) (37B ) provided with a radial operating handle (38A, 38B) and, is connected by a joint (43A, 43B) not coincident with the axis (38), at the upper end of a link (40A, 40B) , the lower end of which comprises a hinge (39A, 39B) fixed to the lower element (17).
  • FIG. 6 is a section of FIG. 3 passing through the axis (38) and, in a plane perpendicular to FIG. 3.
  • the operation of the device according to the invention is as follows, the lower element (17) being raised to the maximum, the suction pipe is put in place, and the operator spots any deviations between the axis (13), each workpiece, and the axis (12) of the lower element (17).
  • This axis (12) can also be materialized by a rigid metal rod supported by three spacers.
  • the operator by acting on the handles (31) realizes the alignment of the axes (13) and (12) in X, that is to say along the major axis of the oven; . then acting on the handles 38A and 38B, it realizes the alignment of the axes (13) and (12) in Y, that is to say along the transverse axis of the furnace, while maintaining or retouching the alignment at X.
  • the axes (13) and (12) being aligned, it only remains to operate the adjustment along the Z axis, that is to say to lower the lower element ( 17) until contact with the groove of the opening (8).
  • the element (16A) has been turned by an angle so as to compensate for the deviation "e", in Y of the axis (13) of the workpiece with the axis (23) of the nozzle (10).
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment of the connecting flanges between the elements (10) (15), (15) (16) or the fitting between (16) (17). Any equivalent means making it possible to ensure rotation keeping the tight junction and a height adjustment also keeping the tight junction is part of the invention.
  • the determination of the angle 0 can be carried out by use from simple geometrical considerations, by considering on the one hand the height of the inclined axis part of the udder and the eccentricity deviation to be made up (of the order of 50 mm, and beyond if necessary).
  • the device allowing simultaneously to lower the lower part of the udder and to ensure its rotation increases the ease and the precision of the handling, and thus guarantees the best possible tightness of the connections of the pipes of admission or blowing, on the openings .

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pipe pour four à chambres destinées à la cuisson de blocs carbonés, cette pipe d'aspiration ou de soufflage comportant un corps principal muni d'une pluralité d'ajustages (10) auxquels se raccordent des tubulures dites «mamelles» en nombre égal à celui des cloisons chauffantes constituant les chambres du four, chacune de ces mamelles devant s'adapter sur les ouvertures dites «ouvreaux» (8) disposées à la partie supérieure de chaque cloison chauffante. Chaque mamelle est constituée par au moins deux éléments tubulaires, disposés en série, un premier élément (15) muni, d'une part d'une bride plane (18) qui coopère en relation jointive et en rotation, avec une bride plane (19), et, d'autre part, d'une bride plane (27) qui coopère, en relation jointive et en rotation avec une bride plane (26) disposée à la partie supérieure (16A) du second élément (16), l'élément (15) et l'élément (16) ayant sur au moins une partie de leur hauteur un axe incliné d'un angle a par rapport à l'axe (23) perpendiculaire au plan des brides.The invention relates to a pipe for a chamber oven intended for the firing of carbonaceous blocks, this suction or blowing pipe comprising a main body provided with a plurality of fittings (10) to which are connected so-called “udder” pipes. in number equal to that of the heating partitions constituting the chambers of the oven, each of these udders having to fit on the openings called "openings" (8) arranged at the upper part of each heating partition. Each udder consists of at least two tubular elements, arranged in series, a first element (15) provided, on the one hand with a flat flange (18) which cooperates in contiguous relation and in rotation, with a flat flange (19). ), and, on the other hand, a flat flange (27) which cooperates, in contiguous and rotating relation with a flat flange (26) disposed at the upper part (16A) of the second element (16), the element (15) and element (16) having over at least part of their height an axis inclined at an angle a with respect to the axis (23) perpendicular to the plane of the flanges.

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUE DE L'IPVENTIONTECHNICAL AREA OF IPVENTION

L'invention concerne un perfectionnement aux pipes de soufflage et d'aspiration des fours à chambres ouvertes dits "à feu tournant" ou "à avancement de feu" pour la cuisson des blocs carbonés (anodes ou cathodes) destinés notamment aux cuves de production d'aluminium par le procédé Hall-Héroult, mais aussi des blocs carbonés de tous types destinés de façon générale, aux fours d'électrométallurgie.The invention relates to an improvement in the blowing and suction pipes of ovens with open chambers called "rotating fire" or "fire advancement" for cooking carbonaceous blocks (anodes or cathodes) intended in particular for production tanks of aluminum by the Hall-Héroult process, but also carbon blocks of all types generally intended for electrometallurgical furnaces.

ETAT DE LA TECHIQUETECHNICAL STATE

Dans tout ce qui suit, nous désignerons par l'expression "bloc carboné", tout produit obtenu par mise en forme d'une pâte carbonée, et destiné, après cuisson, à l'utilisation dans des fours d'électrométallurgie.In what follows, we will denote by the expression "carbon block", any product obtained by shaping a carbon paste, and intended, after baking, for use in electrometallurgy ovens.

Par exemple, les anodes carbonées destinées aux cuves de production d'aluminium par électrolyse d'alumine dissoute dans de la cryolithe fondue sont obtenues par mise. en forme d'une pâte carbonée résultant du malaxage, à environ 120 à 200°C, d'un mélange de brai et de coke broyé. Après mise en forme, les anodes sont cuites pendant une centaine d'heures à une température de l'ordre de 1100 à 1200°C. D'autres types de blocs carbonés sont obtenus par le même procédé.For example, the carbon anodes intended for aluminum production tanks by electrolysis of alumina dissolved in molten cryolite are obtained by placing. in the form of a carbonaceous paste resulting from the kneading, at around 120 to 200 ° C, of a mixture of pitch and ground coke. After shaping, the anodes are baked for a hundred hours at a temperature of the order of 1100 to 1200 ° C. Other types of carbon blocks are obtained by the same process.

Bien qu'il existe quelques procédés de cuisson continue en four tunnel, une grande partie des installations de cuisson en service dans le monde à ce jour sont du type "four à chambre" dits "à feu tournant" (ring furnace) ou encore "à avancement de feu". Ces fours se divisent eux- mêmes en deux catégories, les fours fermés et les fours dits "à chambres ouvertes", décrits notamment dans le brevet US 2 699 931 et qui sont les plus utilisés. La présente invention s'applique plus particulièrement aux fours à chambres ouvertes.Although there are a few continuous baking processes in a tunnel oven, a large part of the cooking facilities in service in the world to date are of the "chamber furnace" type called "ring furnace" or " advancing fire ". These ovens are themselves divided into two categories, closed ovens and so-called "open chamber" ovens, described in particular in US Pat. No. 2,699,931 and which are the most used. The present invention applies more particularly to ovens with open chambers.

Ce type de four comporte deux travées parallèles dont la longueur totale peut atteindre plus d'une centaine de mètres.This type of oven has two parallel spans, the total length of which can reach more than a hundred meters.

Chaque travée comporte une succession de chambres, séparées par des murs transversaux et ouvertes à leur partie supérieure, pour permettre le chargement des blocs crus et le déchargement des blocs cuits refroidis. Chaque chambre comporte, disposées parallèlement au grand axe du four, un ensemble de cloisons creuses, à parois minces, dans lesquelles vont circuler les gaz chauds assurant la cuisson, alternant avec des alvéoles dans lesquelles on empile les blocs à cuire qui seront ensuite noyés dans une poussière carbonée (coke, anthracite ou résidus carbonés broyés ou tout autre matériau de garnissage pulvérulent). Il y a par exemple 6 alvéoles et 7 cloisons alternées par chambre.Each span comprises a succession of chambers, separated by transverse walls and open at their upper part, to allow the loading of the raw blocks and the unloading of the cooled cooked blocks. Each chamber comprises, arranged parallel to the major axis of the oven, a set of hollow partitions, with thin walls, in which the hot gases ensuring the cooking will circulate, alternating with cells in which the baking blocks are stacked which will then be embedded in carbonaceous dust (coke, anthracite or ground carbonaceous residues or any other powdery packing material). There are for example 6 alveoli and 7 alternating partitions per room.

Les cloisons creuses sont munies, à leur partie supérieure, d'ouvertures obturables dites "ouvreaux"; elles comportent en outre des chicanes pour allonger et répartir plus uniformément le trajet des gaz de combustion.The hollow partitions are provided, at their upper part, with closable openings called "openers"; they also include baffles to lengthen and distribute the path of the combustion gases more uniformly.

Le chauffage du four est assuré par des rampes de brûleurs, ayant une longueur égale à la largeur des chambres, et dont les injecteurs viennent se placer sur les ouvreaux des chambres concernées. En amont des brûleurs (par rapport au sens d'avancement du feu), on dispose une pipe de soufflage d'air de combustion, et, en aval, une pipe d'aspiration des gaz brûlés. Le chauffage est assuré à la fois par la combustion du combustible injecté (gaz ou fuel), et par celle des vapeurs de brai émises par les blocs en cours de cuisson.The heating of the oven is ensured by burner ramps, having a length equal to the width of the chambers, and the injectors of which are placed on the openings of the chambers concerned. Upstream of the burners (relative to the direction of advance of the fire), there is a combustion air blowing pipe, and, downstream, a suction pipe for the burnt gases. The heating is ensured both by the combustion of the injected fuel (gas or fuel), and by that of the pitch vapors emitted by the blocks during cooking.

Au fur et à mesure que la cuisson se produit, on fait avancer par exemple toutes les 24 heures l'ensemble pipe de soufflage-brûleurs-pipes d'aspiration, chaque chambre assurant ainsi, successivement, les fonctions de chargement des blocs carbonés crus, préchauffage naturel (par les gaz de combustion), préchauffage forcé et cuisson a 1100-1200° (zone dite plein feu), refroidissement des blocs carbonés (et préchauffage des gaz de combustion), déchargement des blocs carbonés cuits, réparations éventuelles, et reprise d'un nouveau cycle.As the cooking takes place, the blowing pipe-burner-suction pipe assembly is advanced, for example every 24 hours, each chamber thus ensuring, successively, the loading functions of the raw carbon blocks, natural preheating (by combustion gases), forced preheating and cooking at 1100-1200 ° (so-called full fire zone), cooling of carbonaceous blocks (and preheating of combustion gases), unloading of cooked carbonaceous blocks, possible repairs, and recovery of a new cycle.

PROBLEME TECHNIQUE A RESOUDRETECHNICAL PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED

L'un des problèmes principaux que pose l'exploitation de ces fours, dont la structure est continuellement soumise à des cycles de refroidissement et de chauffage, est la mise en place des pipes de soufflage et d'aspiration sur les ouvreaux des chambres. En effet, à chaque étape d'avancement du feu, c'est-à-dire des rampes de brûleurs, il faut déplacer, du même pas et dans le même sens, les pipes d'aspiration et de soufflage. Il importe que chacune des tubulures des pipes (souvent appelées "mamelles") s'introduise dans chacun des ouvreaux correspondants sans les détériorer et en assurant une étanchéité convenable, surtout en ce qui concerne la pipe d'aspiration, de façon à éviter toute entrée d'air indésirable. Relativement aisée sur un four neuf, ou sur une cloison refaite à neuf, cette opération l'est beaucoup moins sur une chambre plus ou moins déformée par les contraintes thermiques et les opérations de chargement et de déchargement des anodes. Il n'est pas rare que l'on ait à effectuer des retouches et des colmatages pour assurer une jonction étanche entre les mamelles et les ouvreaux.One of the main problems with operating these ovens, whose structure is continuously subjected to cycles of cooling and heating, is the installation of pipes of blowing and aspiration on the openings of the rooms. Indeed, at each stage of advancement of the fire, that is to say of the burner ramps, it is necessary to move, at the same step and in the same direction, the suction and blowing pipes. It is important that each of the pipes of the pipes (often called "udders") is introduced into each of the corresponding ports without damaging them and ensuring a suitable seal, especially with regard to the suction pipe, so as to avoid any entry. unwanted air. Relatively easy on a new oven, or on a refurbished partition, this operation is much less so on a room more or less deformed by thermal stresses and the operations of loading and unloading of the anodes. It is not uncommon for retouching and clogging to be carried out to ensure a tight connection between the udders and the workpieces.

OBJET DE L'INVENTIONOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

L'objet de l'invention est une pipe -qui peut fonctionner aussi bien en pipe de soufflage qu'en pipe d'aspiration- dont chacune des mamelles est rendue orientable et ajustable en hauteur afin qu'au moment de la mise en place sur une nouvelle chambre on puisse orienter simplement et rapidement chaque mamelle par rotation, de façon que l'axe de la partie inférieure de chaque mamelle coincide sensiblement avec l'axe de l'ouverture correspondante et s'adapte de façon jointive sur cet ouvreau, avec réglage de la hauteur par coulissement si nécessaire.The object of the invention is a pipe -which can function as well as a blow pipe as a suction pipe- each of whose teats is made orientable and adjustable in height so that at the time of placement on a new chamber, each udder can be simply and quickly oriented by rotation, so that the axis of the lower part of each udder coincides substantially with the axis of the corresponding opening and adapts contiguously to this opening, with height adjustment by sliding if necessary.

De façon plus précise, l'objet de l'invention est une pipe pour four à chambres destinées à la cuisson de blocs carbonés pour la production de l'aluminium, cette pipe comportant un corps principal muni d'une pluralité d'ajutages auxquels se raccordent des tubulures dites "mamelles" en nombre égal à celui des lignes de cloisons chauffantes constituant les cloisons des chambres, chacune de ces mamelles devant s'adapter sur les ouvertures dites "ouvreaux" disposées à la partie supérieure de chaque cloison chauffante ou des murs transversaux séparant les différentes chambres du four.More specifically, the object of the invention is a pipe for chamber furnaces intended for cooking carbonaceous blocks for the production of aluminum, this pipe comprising a main body provided with a plurality of nozzles to which connect tubing called "udders" in a number equal to that of the lines of heating partitions constituting the partitions of the rooms, each of these udders having to adapt to the openings called "openers" disposed at the top of each heating partition or of the walls transverse separating the different chambers of the oven.

Selon l'invention, chaque mamelle est constituée par au moins deux éléments tubulaires, disposés en série, un premier élément muni d'une part, à sa partie supérieure, d'une bride plane qui coopère en relation jointive et en rotation, avec une bride plane disposée à la partie inférieure de l'ajutage, et d'autre part, à sa partie inférieure, d'une bride plane, en relation jointive, et en rotation, avec une bride plane disposée à la partie supérieure du second élément, le premier et le second élément ayant, au moins sur une partie de leur hauteur, un axe incliné d'un angle 0( par rapport à l'axe perpendiculaire au plan des brides.According to the invention, each udder is constituted by at least two tubular elements, arranged in series, a first element provided on the one hand, at its upper part, with a flat flange which cooperates in contiguous relation and in rotation, with a flat flange disposed at the lower part of the nozzle, and on the other hand, at its lower part, a flat flange, in contiguous relation, and in rotation, with a flat flange disposed at the upper part of the second element, the first and second elements having, at least over part of their height, an axis inclined at an angle 0 (relative to the axis perpendicular to the plane of the flanges.

Les brides planes sont parallèles entre elles et parallèles au plan contenant les ouvreaux qui est, normalement, un plan horizontal.The plane flanges are parallel to each other and parallel to the plane containing the openings which is normally a horizontal plane.

Pour assurer le réglage en hauteur, chaque mamelle comporte, en outre, un troisième élément tubulaire en relation jointive par emboitement partiel coulissant et coaxial avec la partie inférieure du deuxième élément, la partie inférieure de ce troisième élément s'adaptant en relation étanche sur l'ouvreau. Les défauts d'horizontalité sont absorbés par le jeu au niveau de l'emboitement du troisième élément tubulaire.To ensure the height adjustment, each udder further comprises a third tubular element in contiguous relation by sliding partial engagement and coaxial with the lower part of the second element, the lower part of this third element adapting in tight relation on the 'workman. The horizontality faults are absorbed by the play at the level of the interlocking of the third tubular element.

De préférence, le réglage en hauteur est couplé à l'un des réglages en rotation de la mamelle par un système bielle/manivelle autorisant simultanément la rotation du deuxième élément autour de la bride et le coulissement de sa partie inférieure.Preferably, the height adjustment is coupled to one of the rotation adjustments of the udder by a connecting rod / crank system simultaneously allowing the rotation of the second element around the flange and the sliding of its lower part.

DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Les figures 1 à 6 illustrent l'invention.Figures 1 to 6 illustrate the invention.

  • . Les figures 1 et 2 se rapportent à l'art antérieur et rappellent la structure habituelle d'un four à chambres ouvertes pour la cuisson d'anodes carbonées.. Figures 1 and 2 relate to the prior art and recall the usual structure of an oven with open chambers for cooking carbon anodes.
  • . La figure 3 représente, en coupe, une mamelle orientable et ajustable selon les axes X, Y et Z, selon l'invention. Le système de commande, poignées + biellettes, qui est en avant du plan de coupe a été représenté en pointillés.. FIG. 3 represents, in section, an orientable and adjustable udder along the axes X, Y and Z, according to the invention. The control system, handles + links, which is in front of the cutting plane has been shown in dotted lines.
  • .Les figures 4 et 5 représentent une variante de mise en oeuvre de l'invention.Figures 4 and 5 show an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • . La figure 6 est une coupe de la figure 3 dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan de cette figure.. Figure 6 is a section of Figure 3 in a plane perpendicular to the plane of this figure.

Les figures 1 et 2 rappellent, pour la bonne compréhension de l'invention, la structure d'un four à chambres classique auquel s'applique la présente invention : sur la coupe de la figure 1, on voit les cloisons (1), reliées à leur partie supérieure par les "mamelles" (2) à la pipe (3) elle-même raccordée au collecteur général (4). Les pipes de soufflage et d'aspiration peuvent être, selon les cas, raccordées aux ouvreaux des chambres ou aux ouvreaux des murs transversaux (9) selon notre brevet FR 2 535 834. Dans les alvéoles (5) sont disposés les blocs carbonés (6), visibles sur l'écorché de la partie gauche de la figure 2.Figures 1 and 2 recall, for a good understanding of the invention, the structure of a conventional chamber oven to which the present invention applies: in the section of Figure 1, we see the partitions (1), connected at their upper part by the "udders" (2) to the pipe (3) itself connected to the general manifold (4). The blowing and suction pipes can be, depending on the case, connected to the rooms of the rooms or to the rooms of the transverse walls (9) according to our patent FR 2 535 834. In the cells (5) are arranged the carbon blocks (6 ), visible on the cutaway of the left side of figure 2.

Les chicanes (7) des cloisons chauffantes ont pour but d'allonger le trajet des gaz chauds et d'homogénéiser la température dans la cloison.The purpose of the baffles (7) of the heating partitions is to lengthen the path of the hot gases and to homogenize the temperature in the partition.

A la partie supérieure des chambres (ou des murs transversaux), les ouvreaux obturables (8) permettent la mise en place des rampes de brûleurs (non représentées), des pipes de soufflage ou d'aspiration d'air (3), et, dans certains cas, d'appareils de mesures (thermocouples, déprimomètres). Les chambres successives sont séparées par des murs transversaux (9). Le grand axe du four est indiqué par la ligne XX'.At the upper part of the chambers (or of the transverse walls), the closable openings (8) allow the installation of the burner ramps (not shown), blow pipes or air suction pipes (3), and, in some cases, measuring devices (thermocouples, depressometers). The successive chambers are separated by transverse walls (9). The main axis of the oven is indicated by line XX '.

Chaque mamelle (2) de la pipe d'aspiration (3) se raccorde à un ouvreau (8) d'une chambre donnée, en relation étanche. La partie supérieure de la mamelle se raccorde à la pipe (3) par un ajutage (10) dans lequel est généralement disposé un volet mobile (11) qui permet, par sa rotation autour d'un axe (11A) de régler le débit dans chaque série de chambre (5).Each udder (2) of the suction pipe (3) is connected to an opening (8) of a given chamber, in tight relation. The upper part of the udder is connected to the pipe (3) by a nozzle (10) in which is generally disposed a movable flap (11) which allows, by its rotation about an axis (11A) to regulate the flow in each series of chambers (5).

Selon l'invention, la partie verticale de la mamelle qui pénètre dans l'ouvreau est rendue orientable de façon que l'axe (12) de la partie inférieure coincide sensiblement avec l'axe (13) de l'ouvreau considéré.According to the invention, the vertical part of the udder which enters the opening is made orientable so that the axis (12) of the lower part substantially coincides with the axis (13) of the opening considered.

En pratique, la mamelle orientable (14) selon l'invention permet de rattraper un écart de ± 50 mm en excentricité (axes X et Y) et un écart de + 50 mm en hauteur (axe Z), ces chiffres étant donnés à titre d'exemple et ne constituant pas une limitation de l'invention.In practice, the orientable udder (14) according to the invention makes it possible to make up for a deviation of ± 50 mm in eccentricity (X and Y axes) and a deviation of + 50 mm in height (Z axis), these figures being given by way of example and not constituting a limitation of the invention.

Pour obtenir l'alignement en X et Y, c'est-à-dire selon le grand axe XX' et selon l'axe transversal du four (Y, Y'), la mamelle orientable (14) est constituée en au moins deux éléments, d'une part un élément supérieur (15) qui se raccorde à l'ajutage, partie droite (10) elle-même reliée à la pipe (3) et d'autre part, un élément intermédiaire (16) pour les réglages en X et Y. Un élément inférieur (17) qui se raccorde à l'ouvreau (8) permet d'assurer le réglage en Z (hauteur). L'élément supérieur (15) comporte lui-même trois parties :

  • a) une partie cylindrique haute (15A), munie d'une bride (18) qui coopère avec la bride (19) de l'ajutage (partie droite)(10). Ces deux brides sont en relation étanche et l'élément (15) peut effectuer un mouvement de rotation par rapport à la bride (19). La bride (18) est serrée contre la bride (19) par une contre-bride boulonnée (20). On peut interposer entre les brides (18) et (19) un joint d'étanchéité résistant aux températures élevées (500 à 600°C) par exemple du type métalloplastique (cuivre + fibres minérales); Il peut aussi être constitué par un simple bourrage de graisse pour hautes températures injecté dans l'espace libre entre les brides (18) et (19), par un graisseur (21). La partie haute (15A) et la partie droite de l'ajutage (10) sont coaxiales.
  • b) Une partie centrale (15B), cylindrique, dont l'axe (24) est incliné d'un angle oC par exemple de 20 à 45°, par rapport à l'axe (23) de la partie haute (cette valeur de 20 à 45° ne constitue pas une limitation de l'invention, mais elle est donnée à titre indicatif).
  • c) Une partie basse (15C), cylindrique, dont l'axe (25) est parallèle à l'axe (23) de la partie haute, mais déporté d'une distance égale à l'écart maximum supposé entre l'axe (13) de l'ouvreau et l'axe (23) de l'ajutage (10). On a indiqué précédemment que cette valeur maximale probable pouvait être fixée, par exemple à 50 mm.
To obtain the alignment in X and Y, that is to say along the major axis XX 'and along the transverse axis of the furnace (Y, Y'), the orientable udder (14) is made up of at least two elements, on the one hand an upper element (15) which is connected to the nozzle, straight part (10) itself connected to the pipe (3) and on the other hand, an intermediate element (16) for adjustments in X and Y. A lower element (17) which is connected to the opening (8) makes it possible to ensure the adjustment in Z (height). The upper element (15) itself has three parts:
  • a) a high cylindrical part (15A), provided with a flange (18) which cooperates with the flange (19) of the nozzle (straight part) (10). These two flanges are in tight relation and the element (15) can perform a rotational movement relative to the flange (19). The flange (18) is clamped against the flange (19) by a bolted counter flange (20). It is possible to interpose between the flanges (18) and (19) a seal resistant to high temperatures (500 to 600 ° C), for example of the metalloplastic type (copper + mineral fibers); It can also be constituted by a simple stuffing of grease for high temperatures injected into the free space between the flanges (18) and (19), by a greaser (21). The upper part (15A) and the right part of the nozzle (10) are coaxial.
  • b) A central part (15B), cylindrical, whose axis (24) is inclined at an angle o C for example from 20 to 45 °, relative to the axis (23) of the upper part (this value from 20 to 45 ° does not constitute a limitation of the invention, but it is given for information only).
  • c) A cylindrical lower part (15C), the axis (25) of which is parallel to the axis (23) of the upper part, but offset by a distance equal to the maximum deviation assumed between the axis ( 13) of the outlet and the axis (23) of the nozzle (10). It was indicated previously that this maximum probable value could be fixed, for example at 50 mm.

L'élément intermédiaire (16) comporte, de la même façon que la partie supérieure (15) :

  • a) une partie cylindrique haute (16A), munie d'une bride (26) qui coopère avec la bride (27) de la partie basse (15C) de l'élément supérieur (15).
  • b) Une partie centrale (16B), cylindrique, d'axe (24A) incliné d'un angle 0<2 en principe égal à 0(1 (ou du même ordre de grandeur) par rapport à l'axe (25).
  • c) Une partie basse (16C), cylindrique, dont l'axe (28) est déporté, par rapport à l'axe (25), d'une distance égale à l'écart maximum à corriger, comme indiqué précédemment, par exemple 50 mm.
The intermediate element (16) comprises, in the same way as the upper part (15):
  • a) a high cylindrical part (16A), provided with a flange (26) which cooperates with the flange (27) of the lower part (15C) of the upper element (15).
  • b) A central part (16B), cylindrical, with an axis (24A) inclined at an angle 0 <2 in principle equal to 0 (1 (or of the same order of magnitude) relative to the axis (25).
  • c) A cylindrical lower part (16C), the axis (28) of which is offset, with respect to the axis (25), by a distance equal to the maximum deviation to be corrected, as indicated above, for example 50 mm.

La coopération, en relation jointive et en rotation, de l'élément intermédiaire (16) avec l'élément supérieur (15) est réalisée par les mêmes moyens qu'au niveau de la liaison entre l'élément (15) et l'ajutage (10). De même, les deux brides (27) et (26) fixées entre elles par boulons peuvent recevoir un joint d'étanchéité, par exemple métalloplastique, ou un bourrage de graisse pour haute température injecté par le graisseur (21).The cooperation, in contiguous relation and in rotation, of the intermediate element (16) with the upper element (15) is carried out by the same means as at the level of the connection between the element (15) and the nozzle (10). Likewise, the two flanges (27) and (26) fixed to each other by bolts can receive a seal, for example metalloplastic, or a stuffing of grease for high temperature injected by the greaser (21).

La compensation des décalages en Z (c'est-à-dire selon l'axe vertical ZZ' du four (fig. 2) est obtenue par l'élément inférieur (17), qui s'adapte à l'ouvreau (8) en relation étanche.Compensation for the Z offsets (i.e. along the vertical axis ZZ 'of the furnace (fig. 2) is obtained by the lower element (17), which adapts to the opening (8) in tight relation.

Dans le cas représenté, à titre d'exemple, sur la figure 3, en partie basse, l'élément inférieur (17) appuie sur une rainure (30) à la périphérie de l'ouvreau. Cette rainure peut comporter un joint d'étanchéité (29) résistant à des températures élevées, par exemple en fibre minérale tressée ou feutrée. En outre, l'élément (17) peut être assujetti grâce à des tirants dont la partie inférieure est scellée dans la maçonnerie du four. On notera que, sur la figure 6, l'appui de l'élément (17) s'effectue sur un relief périphérique (32) de l'ouvreau (8) par l'intermédiaire d'un double joint souple (43).In the case shown, for example, in Figure 3, in the lower part, the lower element (17) presses on a groove (30) at the periphery of the opening. This groove may include a seal (29) resistant to high temperatures, for example in braided or felted mineral fiber. In addition, the element (17) can be secured by tie rods, the lower part of which is sealed in the masonry of the furnace. Note that, in Figure 6, the support of the element (17) takes place on a peripheral relief (32) of the opening (8) by means of a double flexible seal (43).

L'élément intermédiaire (16) et l'élément inférieur (17) coopèrent par un emmanchement (33) qui permet de rattraper un écart de niveau (cote Z) entre l'entrée de l'ouvreau et la partie inférieure de la mamelle orientable (14).The intermediate element (16) and the lower element (17) cooperate by a fitting (33) which makes it possible to make up for a difference in level (dimension Z) between the inlet of the opening and the lower part of the orientable udder (14).

Compte tenu des dilatations thermiques et des défauts éventuels de planéité des ouvreaux, il serait malaisé de réaliser un emmanchement coulissant parfaitement étanche. On peut assurer cette étanchéité au moyen d'une liaison souple, telle que le soufflet (34) qui est fixé, en partie haute, sur la rainure (35) et en partie basse sur la rainure (36). Ce soufflet doit pouvoir résister, en service continu, à des températures de l'ordre de 300 à 400°C. Il est, par exemple, réalisé en fibres de verre imprégnées d'un polymère fluorocarboné.Taking into account thermal expansions and possible defects in flatness of the openings, it would be difficult to achieve a perfectly tight sliding fitting. This sealing can be ensured by means of a flexible connection, such as the bellows (34) which is fixed, in the upper part, to the groove (35) and in the lower part to the groove (36). This bellows must be able to withstand, in continuous service, temperatures of the order of 300 to 400 ° C. It is, for example, made of glass fibers impregnated with a fluorocarbon polymer.

Les brides et contre-brides (19)(20) et (27)(30) sont percées de trous pour le passage de boulons, de façon à maintenir la cohésion de l'ensemble. La libre rotation de l'ensemble est assurée par un lubrifiant épais (graisse) pour haute température injecté dans l'espace entre les brides, par l'intermédiaire de graisseurs (21)(22). L'élément intermédiaire (16) comporte, en outre, un dispositif de manoeuvre, constitué par un double système bielle-manivelle, qui permet de réaliser simultanément l'alignement des axes (8) et (12) en Y, c'est-à-dire selon l'axe transversal du four, tout en maintenant ou retouchant l'alignement en X. Lorsque les axes sont alignés en X et Y, ce même dispositif permet d'abaisser l'élément inférieur (17) jusqu'au contact de l'ouvreau (8) (alignement en Z). Ce dispositif de manoeuvre, constitué de façon symétrique par rapport à un plan passant par l'axe (28), comporte un axe (38) traversant diamétralement l'élément (16A), supportant à ses deux extrémités un disque (37A)(37B) muni d'une poignée radiale de manoeuvre (38A,38B) et, est relié par une articulation (43A, 43B) non confondue avec l'axe (38), à l'extrémité supérieure d'une biellette (40A, 40B), dont l'extrémité inférieure comporte une articulation (39A, 39B) fixée sur l'élément inférieur (17).The flanges and counter flanges (19) (20) and (27) (30) are pierced with holes for the passage of bolts, so as to maintain the cohesion of the assembly. The free rotation of the assembly is ensured by a thick lubricant (grease) for high temperature injected into the space between the flanges, by means of grease fittings (21) (22). The intermediate element (16) further comprises an operating device, constituted by a double rod-crank system, which makes it possible to simultaneously align the axes (8) and (12) in Y, that is to say ie along the transverse axis of the furnace, while maintaining or retouching the alignment in X. When the axes are aligned in X and Y, this same device makes it possible to lower the lower element (17) until contact the opening (8) (Z alignment). This operating device, formed symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the axis (28), comprises an axis (38) passing diametrically through the element (16A), supporting at its two ends a disc (37A) (37B ) provided with a radial operating handle (38A, 38B) and, is connected by a joint (43A, 43B) not coincident with the axis (38), at the upper end of a link (40A, 40B) , the lower end of which comprises a hinge (39A, 39B) fixed to the lower element (17).

Le détail du système apparaît sur la figure 6 qui est une coupe de la figure 3 passant par l'axe (38) et, dans un plan perpendiculaire à la figure 3.The detail of the system appears in FIG. 6 which is a section of FIG. 3 passing through the axis (38) and, in a plane perpendicular to FIG. 3.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif selon l'invention est le suivant l'élément inférieur (17) étant remonté au maximum, on met la pipe d'aspiration en place, et l'opérateur repère les écarts éventuels entre l'axe (13), de chaque ouvreau, et l'axe (12) de l'élément inférieur (17). Cet axe (12) peut d'ailleurs être matérialisé par une tige métallique rigide supportée par trois entretoises.The operation of the device according to the invention is as follows, the lower element (17) being raised to the maximum, the suction pipe is put in place, and the operator spots any deviations between the axis (13), each workpiece, and the axis (12) of the lower element (17). This axis (12) can also be materialized by a rigid metal rod supported by three spacers.

L'opérateur, en agissant sur les poignées (31) réalise l'alignement des axes (13) et (12) en X, c'est-à-dire selon le grand axe du four; . puis agissant sur les poignées 38A et 38B, il réalise l'alignement des axes (13) et (12) en Y, c'est-à-dire selon l'axe transversal du four, tout en maintenant ou en retouchant l'alignement en X. A ce moment, les axes (13) et(12) étant alignés, il ne reste plus qu'à opérer l'ajustement selon l'axe Z, c'est-à-dire à descendre l'élément inférieur (17) jusqu'au contact avec la rainure de l'ouvreau (8).The operator, by acting on the handles (31) realizes the alignment of the axes (13) and (12) in X, that is to say along the major axis of the oven; . then acting on the handles 38A and 38B, it realizes the alignment of the axes (13) and (12) in Y, that is to say along the transverse axis of the furnace, while maintaining or retouching the alignment at X. At this moment, the axes (13) and (12) being aligned, it only remains to operate the adjustment along the Z axis, that is to say to lower the lower element ( 17) until contact with the groove of the opening (8).

Cette dernière manoeuvre s'effectue également à l'aide de poignées (38A, 38B), mais cette fois en rotation autour de l'axe (38). Le guidage de l'élément inférieur (17) lors de son alignement en Z (montée ou descente) est assuré par un trou oblong (41) pratiqué dans l'élément (16) dans lequel coulisse un ergot (42) solidaire de l'élément (17).This last maneuver is also carried out using handles (38A, 38B), but this time in rotation about the axis (38). The lower element (17) is guided during its alignment in Z (ascent or descent) is ensured by an oblong hole (41) formed in the element (16) in which slides a lug (42) integral with the element (17).

Cet ensemble d'opérations, facile et rapide, sera répété sur les 6 et 7 mamelles de la pipe d,'aspiration, qui sera ainsi parfaitement ajustée aux 6 ou 7 ouvreaux de la chambre ou du mur de séparation concerné.This set of operations, easy and quick, will be repeated on the 6 and 7 teats of the suction pipe, which will thus be perfectly adjusted to the 6 or 7 openings of the room or of the separation wall concerned.

On peut noter que la structure des éléments supérieurs (15) et intermédiaires (16) pourrait être simplifiée, comme l'indiquent les figures 4 et 5, en supprimant partiellement ou totalement les parties cylindriques à axe vertical, et en ne conservant que les parties médianes (15A, 16A) à axe incliné d'un angle 0( .It can be noted that the structure of the upper (15) and intermediate (16) elements could be simplified, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, by partially or totally eliminating the cylindrical parts with a vertical axis, and keeping only the parts medians (15A, 16A) with axis inclined at an angle 0 (.

Sur la figure 5, l'élément (16A) a été tourné d'un angle de façon à compenser l'écart "e", en Y de l'axe (13) de l'ouvreau avec l'axe (23) de l'ajutage (10).In FIG. 5, the element (16A) has been turned by an angle so as to compensate for the deviation "e", in Y of the axis (13) of the workpiece with the axis (23) of the nozzle (10).

On notera également le rattrapage en Z, de la différence de hauteur h de l'ouvreau en jouant sur la jonction coulissante (33). L'écart existant entre la jonction coulissante (33) et l'élément intermédiaire (16) permet de compenser un éventuel défaut de planéité de l'ouvreau.We will also note the catching up in Z, of the difference in height h of the opening by playing on the sliding junction (33). The difference existing between the sliding junction (33) and the intermediate element (16) makes it possible to compensate for a possible defect in the flatness of the opening.

Dans le cas des figures 4 et 5, la référence des axes (23)(24)(24A)(25) et (28) sera prise par rapport aux plans des brides de jonction (18)(19), (26)(27), puisqu'il n'y a plus de partie cylindrique. Cette référence reste valable dans le cas de la figure 3. Le plan des brides est normalement horizontal.In the case of FIGS. 4 and 5, the reference of the axes (23) (24) (24A) (25) and (28) will be taken relative to the planes of the junction flanges (18) (19), (26) ( 27), since there is no longer a cylindrical part. This reference remains valid in the case of FIG. 3. The plane of the flanges is normally horizontal.

Par ailleurs, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation des brides de liaison entre les éléments (10)(15), (15)(16) ou de l'emmanchement entre (16)(17). Tout moyen équivalent permettant d'assurer une rotation conservant la jonction étanche et un réglage en hauteur conservant également la jonction étanche fait partie de l'invention.Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the embodiment of the connecting flanges between the elements (10) (15), (15) (16) or the fitting between (16) (17). Any equivalent means making it possible to ensure rotation keeping the tight junction and a height adjustment also keeping the tight junction is part of the invention.

Enfin, la détermination de l'angle 0( peut être effectuée par l'utilisation à partir de considérations géométriques simples, en considérant d'une part la hauteur de la partie à axe incliné de la mamelle et l'écart d'excentricité à rattraper (de l'ordre de 50 mm, et au-delà si nécessaire). La hauteur de la partie inclinée d'un élément (15) ou (16) étant par exemple de 90 mm, on aura tg α = 50/90, d'où 29°.Finally, the determination of the angle 0 (can be carried out by use from simple geometrical considerations, by considering on the one hand the height of the inclined axis part of the udder and the eccentricity deviation to be made up (of the order of 50 mm, and beyond if necessary). The height of the inclined part of an element (15) or (16) being for example 90 mm, we will have tg α = 50/90, hence 29 °.

AVANTAGES PROCURES PAR L'INVENTIONBENEFITS PROVIDED BY THE INVENTION

Outre la facilité d'alignement en X et en Y des axes des mamelles avec les axes de chacun des ouvreaux, il faut souligner que le réglage en Z (en hauteur) permet, en relevant au maximum les éléments inférieurs (17), lors du montage, d'éviter une prise de contact brutale entre la partie inférieure des mamelles et les ouvreaux lorsqu'on met la pipe en place au moyen d'un pont-roulant, d'où suppression de tout risque d'endommagement des ouvreaux et même de l'ensemble de la maçonnerie.In addition to the ease of alignment in X and Y of the axes of the udders with the axes of each of the openings, it should be emphasized that the adjustment in Z (in height) allows, by raising the lower elements (17) as much as possible, during the assembly, to avoid a brutal contact between the lower part of the udders and the openings when the pipe is put in place by means of an overhead crane, hence eliminating any risk of damage to the openings and even of all masonry.

Le dispositif permettant simultanément d'abaisser la partie inférieure de la mamelle et d'assurer sa rotation augmente la facilité et la précision de la manipulation, et garantit ainsi la meilleure étanchéité possible des raccordements des pipes d'admission ou de soufflage, sur les ouvreaux.The device allowing simultaneously to lower the lower part of the udder and to ensure its rotation increases the ease and the precision of the handling, and thus guarantees the best possible tightness of the connections of the pipes of admission or blowing, on the openings .

Claims (11)

1. Pipe pour four à chambres destinées à la cuisson de blocs carbonés, cette pipe d'aspiration ou de soufflage comportant un corps principal (3) muni d'une pluralité d'ajutages (10) auxquels se raccordent des tubulures dites "mamelles" en nombre égal à celui des cloisons chauffantes (5) constituant les chambres du four, chacune de ces mamelles devant s'adapter sur les ouvertures dites "ouvreaux" (8) disposées à la partie supérieure de chaque cloison chauffante (5) ou des murs transversaux (9) séparant les différentes chambres du four, caractérisé en ce que, dans le but d'obtenir une jonction étanche par l'alignement en X et en Y, c'est-à-dire selon le grand axe et le petit axe du four à chambre, entre chaque mamelle et l'ouvreau correspondant malgré les déformations des chambres, chaque mamelle est constituée par au moins deux éléments tubulaires, disposés en série, un premier élément (15), muni, d'une part, à sa partie supérieure (15a) d'une bride plane (18) qui coopère en relation jointive et en rotation, avec une bride plane (19) disposée à la partie inférieure de l'ajutage (10), et, d'autre part, à sa partie inférieure (15c) d'une bride plane (27) parallèle à la bride (18) et qui coopère, en relation jointive et en rotation avec une bride plane (26) disposée à la parties supérieure (16A) du second élément (16), l'élément (15) et l'élément (16) ayant sur au moins une partie de leur hauteur un axe incliné d'un angle ex par rapport à l'axe (23) perpendiculaire au plan des brides.1. Pipe for furnace with chambers intended for the cooking of carbonaceous blocks, this suction or blowing pipe comprising a main body (3) provided with a plurality of nozzles (10) to which tubes called "teats" are connected in number equal to that of the heating partitions (5) constituting the furnace chambers, each of these udders having to adapt to the so-called "opening" openings (8) arranged at the top of each heating partition (5) or of the walls transverse (9) separating the different chambers of the furnace, characterized in that, in order to obtain a tight junction by the alignment in X and in Y, that is to say along the major axis and the minor axis chamber furnace, between each udder and the corresponding opening despite the deformations of the chambers, each udder consists of at least two tubular elements, arranged in series, a first element (15), provided, on the one hand, at its upper part (15a) of a flat flange (18) which cooperates in relation jo intive and in rotation, with a flat flange (19) disposed at the lower part of the nozzle (10), and, on the other hand, at its lower part (15c) with a flat flange (27) parallel to the flange (18) and which cooperates, in contiguous relation and in rotation with a planar flange (26) disposed at the upper part (16A) of the second element (16), the element (15) and the element (16) having over at least part of their height an axis inclined at an angle ex relative to the axis (23) perpendicular to the plane of the flanges. 2. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que chaque mamelle comporte, en outre, un troisième élément (17) tubulaire, en relation jointive par emboitement partiel coulissant (33) sensiblement coaxial, avec la partie inférieure (16C) du deuxième élément (16) et dont la partie inférieure s'adapte en relation étanche à l'ouvreau (8).2. Pipe for chamber furnace, according to claim 1, characterized in that each udder comprises, in addition, a third tubular element (17), in contiguous relation by sliding partial interlocking (33) substantially coaxial, with the lower part (16C ) of the second element (16) and the lower part of which adapts in leaktight relation to the outlet (8). 3. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le premier élément (15) et/ou le deuxième élément (16) comportent au moins une première partie cylindrique d'axe perpendiculaire au plan des brides et une seconde partie cylindrique faisant un angle 0( avec l'axe de la première partie cylindrique.3. Pipe for chamber furnace, according to claim 1, characterized in that the first element (15) and / or the second element (16) comprise at least a first cylindrical part with an axis perpendicular to the plane of the flanges and a second part cylindrical making an angle 0 (with the axis of the first cylindrical part. 4. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'angle o( est déterminé par sa tangente qui est égale au rapport de l'excentricité maximale à rattraper, à la hauteur de la. partie inclinée de l'élément considéré.4. Pipe for chamber furnace, according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle o (is determined by its tangent which is equal to the ratio of the maximum eccentricity to be caught, at the height of the inclined part of the element considered. 5. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la jonction coulissante (33) entre le second (16) et le troisième (17) élément est recouverte par un soufflet d'étanchéité (34) résistant à haute température.5. Pipe for chamber oven, according to claim 2, characterized in that the sliding junction (33) between the second (16) and the third (17) element is covered by a sealing bellows (34) resistant to high temperature . 6. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les brides de liaison (18)(19), (26)(17) sont munies d'un moyen d'étanchéité.6. Pipe for chamber furnace, according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting flanges (18) (19), (26) (17) are provided with a sealing means. 7. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les brides de liaison (18)(19), (26)(27) sont supportées par des contre-brides, respectivement (20)(30) et sont munies de moyens de serrage amovibles, tels que des boulons.7. Pipe for chamber furnace, according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection flanges (18) (19), (26) (27) are supported by counter flanges, respectively (20) (30) and are provided with removable clamping means, such as bolts. 8. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'étanchéité entre les brides (18)(19), (26)(27) est obtenue par injection, dans les graisseurs (21)(22) d'une graisse épaisse résistant à haute température.8. Pipe for chamber oven, according to claim 6, characterized in that the seal between the flanges (18) (19), (26) (27) is obtained by injection, into the grease fittings (21) (22) d '' thick grease resistant to high temperature. 9. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'étanchéité entre les brides (18)(19), (26)(27) est obtenue par un joint métalloplastique.9. Pipe for chamber furnace, according to claim 6, characterized in that the seal between the flanges (18) (19), (26) (27) is obtained by a metalloplastic seal. 10. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le premier élément (15) est muni de poignées de manoeuvre (31) pour assurer sa mise en rotation axiale.10. Pipe for chamber furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the first element (15) is provided with operating handles (31) to ensure its axial rotation. 11. Pipe pour four à chambres, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que, dans le but de réaliser à la fois l'alignement en Y et Z des éléments (16) et (17), la partie (16A) de l'élément intermédiaire (16A) comporte un dispositif de manoeuvre en rotation et en hauteur, constitué de façon symétrique par rapport au plan passant par l'axe (28) par un axe (38) traversant diamétralement ledit élément (16A), et supportant à ses deux extrémité un disque (37A,37B) chaque disque étant muni d'une poignée radiale de manoeuvre (38A,38B) et relié par une articulation (43A,43B) non confondue avec l'axe (38), à l'extrémité supérieure d'une biellette (40A,40B) dont l'extrémité inférieure est reliée par une articulation (39A,39B) fixée sur l'élément inférieur (17).11. Pipe for chamber furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, in order to achieve both the Y and Z alignment of the elements (16) and (17), the part (16A) of the intermediate element (16A) comprises an operating device in rotation and height, symmetrically formed with respect to the plane passing through the axis (28) by an axis (38) passing diametrically through said element (16A), and supporting at its two ends a disc (37A, 37B) each disc being provided with a radial operating handle (38A, 38B) and connected by a joint (43A, 43B) not coincident with the axis (38), at the upper end of a link (40A, 40B), the l the lower end is connected by a hinge (39A, 39B) fixed on the lower element (17).
EP87420151A 1986-06-17 1987-06-12 Orientable feeding pipes for furnaces suited for firing carbonaceous blocks Expired EP0250341B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87420151T ATE46028T1 (en) 1986-06-17 1987-06-12 ADJUSTABLE FEED TUBES FOR FURNACES FOR FIRING CARBON BLOCKS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8608988 1986-06-17
FR8608988A FR2600151B1 (en) 1986-06-17 1986-06-17 ADJUSTABLE NIPPLE PIPES FOR CARBON BLOCK COOKING OVENS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0250341A1 true EP0250341A1 (en) 1987-12-23
EP0250341B1 EP0250341B1 (en) 1989-08-30

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EP87420151A Expired EP0250341B1 (en) 1986-06-17 1987-06-12 Orientable feeding pipes for furnaces suited for firing carbonaceous blocks

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US (1) US4744749A (en)
EP (1) EP0250341B1 (en)
KR (1) KR880000766A (en)
CN (1) CN1008941B (en)
AT (1) ATE46028T1 (en)
AU (1) AU585821B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8703032A (en)
CA (1) CA1317420C (en)
DE (1) DE3760517D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2600151B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3000139T3 (en)
IN (1) IN166066B (en)
NO (1) NO168609C (en)
OA (1) OA08614A (en)
SU (1) SU1561831A3 (en)
YU (1) YU45823B (en)

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US4842511A (en) * 1987-12-28 1989-06-27 Aluminum Company Of America Carbon baking furnace--refractory construction
US5020766A (en) * 1989-03-24 1991-06-04 Elerth Persson Sound and vibration damper
FR2777072B1 (en) * 1998-04-03 2000-05-19 Pechiney Aluminium METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REGULATING ROTATING FIRE COOKING OVENS
FR2825455B1 (en) * 2001-05-30 2003-07-11 Pechiney Aluminium METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COOLING THE WELLS OF A CHAMBER OVEN
EP2753889B1 (en) * 2011-09-08 2015-11-18 Fives Solios S.A. Device and method for optimising combustion in partition lines of a chamber kiln for firing carbon blocks
CA2861002C (en) * 2012-01-25 2018-06-26 Innovatherm Prof. Dr. Leisenberg Gmbh + Co. Kg Method for operating an anode furnace and control apparatus
CN104697332A (en) * 2013-12-05 2015-06-10 谭美俊 Sectional type production furnace convenient to move and adjust
US20200049343A1 (en) * 2017-02-27 2020-02-13 Washington University Burner and boiler/furnace for pressurized oxy-combustion boilers and furnaces

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FR540621A (en) * 1915-03-16 1922-07-13 Gehnrich Indirect Heat Oven Co Transportable sectional oven
DE1939185A1 (en) * 1969-08-01 1971-02-11 Denver Fire Clay Co Thermally adjustable air pre-heating cham- - bers for heat treatment furnaces
GB2129918A (en) * 1982-11-09 1984-05-23 Pechiney Aluminium An open-chamber furnace comprising a blow-pipe for the firing of carbonaceous blocks

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FR2515799B1 (en) * 1981-10-29 1986-04-04 Pechiney Aluminium HEATING DEVICE FOR OPEN BAKING OVENS WITH A ROTATING FIRE AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAME
NO152029C (en) * 1982-11-05 1985-07-17 Ardal Og Sunndal Verk RING ROOM OVEN AND PROCEDURE FOR OPERATING THIS
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR540621A (en) * 1915-03-16 1922-07-13 Gehnrich Indirect Heat Oven Co Transportable sectional oven
DE1939185A1 (en) * 1969-08-01 1971-02-11 Denver Fire Clay Co Thermally adjustable air pre-heating cham- - bers for heat treatment furnaces
GB2129918A (en) * 1982-11-09 1984-05-23 Pechiney Aluminium An open-chamber furnace comprising a blow-pipe for the firing of carbonaceous blocks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO872507D0 (en) 1987-06-16
NO168609B (en) 1991-12-02
SU1561831A3 (en) 1990-04-30
FR2600151A1 (en) 1987-12-18
NO872507L (en) 1987-12-18
CA1317420C (en) 1993-05-11
FR2600151B1 (en) 1988-08-26
OA08614A (en) 1988-11-30
US4744749A (en) 1988-05-17
CN1008941B (en) 1990-07-25
KR880000766A (en) 1988-03-29
IN166066B (en) 1990-03-10
AU585821B2 (en) 1989-06-22
NO168609C (en) 1992-03-11
YU45823B (en) 1992-07-20
EP0250341B1 (en) 1989-08-30
YU110087A (en) 1989-08-31
GR3000139T3 (en) 1990-11-29
CN87104248A (en) 1988-01-27
AU7427487A (en) 1987-12-24
BR8703032A (en) 1988-03-08
ATE46028T1 (en) 1989-09-15
DE3760517D1 (en) 1989-10-05

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