EP0249897A1 - Process for the degassing, refining or filtering treatment of liquid metals or alloys and related apparatus - Google Patents

Process for the degassing, refining or filtering treatment of liquid metals or alloys and related apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0249897A1
EP0249897A1 EP87108470A EP87108470A EP0249897A1 EP 0249897 A1 EP0249897 A1 EP 0249897A1 EP 87108470 A EP87108470 A EP 87108470A EP 87108470 A EP87108470 A EP 87108470A EP 0249897 A1 EP0249897 A1 EP 0249897A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
diaphragms
metallic
metals
granules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87108470A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Mario Dominique Gorgerino
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oet-Metalconsult Srl
Original Assignee
Oet-Metalconsult Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oet-Metalconsult Srl filed Critical Oet-Metalconsult Srl
Publication of EP0249897A1 publication Critical patent/EP0249897A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
    • B22C9/086—Filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B22D1/007—Treatment of the fused masses in the supply runners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the treatment of liquid metals or alloys with solid treatment agents, in particular for the degassing, refining or filtering of said metallic liquids.
  • atmospheric gaseous elements are absorbed and decompose, in particular water vapor, in amounts which depend not only on the type of alloy being processed but also on the temperature and on the degree of humidity in the air.
  • the alloy in order to achieve an inoculating effect the alloy must dissolve and diffuse homogeneously in the entire volume of the metallic compound required for the complete filling of the die.
  • the inoculation process depends partly on the composition or on the type of alloy employed, and partly on the manner in which the addition of the inoculating alloy is performed.
  • the most advanced method consists of introducing the inoculation alloy into the die itself, so that the contact with the liquid occurs in a reducing atmosphere.
  • the alloy is used in grains arranged in adapted seats provided inside the die or mould, or in a compact and geometrically defined form, usually in the shape of a truncated cone, arranged in the dome at the base of the pouring channel.
  • Alloys in the shape of a truncated cone instead, do not start dissolving upon contact with the first part of the liquid metallic compound introduced, and this depends on the thermal conductivity and on the specific heat of the inoculation alloy which requires some time to reach melting point.
  • the truncated-cone insert is furthermore provided on the surface with an even partial oxidation state (this being a constant intrinsic aspect of the manufacturing process of any alloy which has to be obtained in a defined geometric shape), the instant at which the inoculant starts to melt is delayed further, and the first part of cast iron to be poured will consequently not be inoculated.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art techniques of inoculation, by providing a process which allows to obtain cast parts which are free from gas inclusions or from degassing alloy, and, that is, free from defects.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a process which, besides allowing the inoculation treatment, also allows to perform all the treatments of liquid metals and alloys with solid treatment agents, for Example refining treatments for non-ferrous alloys or of filtering during the refining of pure metals or of their master alloys, with direct economic advantages on the yield of the finished product.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide the above described processes in a technologically simple and economic manner.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a device for performing the process according to the present invention.
  • a process for the degassing, refining or filtering treatment of metals or alloys wherein during the die-casting of a said liquid netal or alloy, the same is treated with a solid treatment agent, characterized in that it comprises the steps of providing the treatment agent in the form of solid granules in a closed container having two counterposed walls in the shape of perforated diaphragms, with holes having such dimensions as to retain said granules, and having further lateral walls: interposing said container in the path of the metallic liquid in the pouring channel wherein it is poured; and passing said metallic liquid through said container through said diaphragms to make contact with said treatment agent in said container.
  • the present invention relates to an auxiliary apparatus for devices for forming by casting of metals and alloys, said apparatus being intended for the treatment of said liquid metals with a solid treatment agent, and being characterized in that it comprises a closed container having two counterposed walls in the shape of perforated diaphragms and further lateral walls, said container being adapted to contain said treatment agent in the form of solid granules, the holes of the diaphragms being such as to allow the passage of the liquid metal but not to allow said granules to leave said container, said auxiliary apparatus being removably positionable in a device for forming by casting, upstream of the actual dies or moulds wherein said metallic materials are cast and subsequently solidified.
  • the process according to the invention is provided by inserting, directly into the casting channel, a container 1, for example cylindrical (figure 1) and closed at the two bases by diaphragms 2a and 2b (figs. 2 and 3).
  • a container 1 for example cylindrical (figure 1) and closed at the two bases by diaphragms 2a and 2b (figs. 2 and 3).
  • the diaphragms are provided with holes 3 the diameter whereof is calculated, for the upper one 2b, that is to say for the one arranged upstream with respect to the flow of metallic liquid, so as to prevent the outflow of the granules of treatment agent, which in the case of the silicon alloy used in inoculation, due to their lesser density with respect to cast metal, tend to rise.
  • the holes have dimensions according to the ideal flow rate for the filling of the mould in a specific amount of time.
  • the passage section of the lower filter is preferably smaller than the upper one so as to create a condition of overpressure inside the cylindrical tube.
  • the container of the granules of treatment agent can be removably inserted in the pouring channel 4, where its supporting seat (fig. 4) is preferably provided at the base of said channel at the connecting midpoint of the mould with a shoulder 6 with adequate dimensions on the edge of the dome facing the pouring basin 5.
  • This system allows to insert the cylindrical container 1 easily both manually and with automatic devices, even in the case of horizontal castings.
  • the seat of the cylindrical container is provided below the pouring tray 6 along the main feed channel 7 and in this case the support of the container has a volume equal to the unit of the volume of said container for each pour.
  • Current automatic devices can be used for the accommodation, and a slight pressure when inserting the container is sufficient to ensure stability before the joining of the two vertical parts 8a and 8b of the mould 8.
  • the container according to the invention solves, by virtue of its fluid-dynamic configuration, the problem of free gases contained in the metallic flow when the same is introduced into a mould, as well as of the absorption of external and internal air, and of humidity inside the mould.
  • the upper diaphragm 2b is provided, on its peripheral regions, with grooves 9 which are not affected by the flow.
  • the gases, which tend to escape upwards, are then absorbed by the porosity of the die.
  • the present invention also extends both to other possible forms of the container, be they in the shape of a truncated cone, square, and by extension to any geometrical form adapted to be accommodated in the pouring channel or in another part of the die, and to the material whereof the diaphragms and the lateral wall are made.
  • the diaphragms can be ceramic or of any other natural or artificial refractory product capable of resisting and ensuring a flow of liquid metal at the melting points thereof.
  • the walls of the container 1 can be of ceramic, cardboard or any other natural or artificial product capable of ensuring the life and dimensional stability of the container and the stability of the diaphragms for the period of filling of the die at the temperature of the flow of liquid metal introduced to fill the latter.
  • inoculating alloys are introduced, appropriately selected according to the type of metallurgy, in rough granulometry 10 freshly crushed and therefore free from oxidation, quantitatively calculated according to the volume of the container and so as to offer a wide surface of contact to the flow of metal, so that the dissolution of the alloy in the metal occurs from the beginning and subsequently gradually and uniformly for the time required to fill the mould or die.
  • the double diaphragm and an adequate granulometry of the alloy avoid the phenomenon of entrainment and the rise of the granules in the upper part of the casting channel.
  • the process according to the invention can be advantageously employed in the metallurgy of non-ferrous alloys or in the refining thereof, replacing the silicon alloys with granules or small blocks of salts commonly used for degassing or refining, such as hexachloroethane salts or potassium fluorides.
  • the container according to the present invention can also be conveniently inserted in machines for pressure forming by means of shell casting. Gas collection is in this case ensured by a tubular conduit arranged above the container which conveys the fumes towards an aspirator.
  • the process and the related apparatus according to the invention can be advantageously used as a filtering system by inserting, as solid treatment agents 10, in appropriate granulometry, mineral filtering elements, such as, by way of non-limitative example, wood coal, silica gel or whatever is naturally or artificially produced with adapted absorption characteristics.
  • mineral filtering elements such as, by way of non-limitative example, wood coal, silica gel or whatever is naturally or artificially produced with adapted absorption characteristics.
  • a cast iron foundry specialized in the manufacture of brake drums for tractors having the peculiarity of being provided with a considerable variation in thickness, suffered a reject rate of 20-30%. These rejects were due to the presence, in the thick portions, of dendritic cavities presumably originated by the presence of gases trapped during the closing of the dendritic needles in the pasty phase.
  • the container for the treatment agent was provided with a cylindrical cardboard tube, 2 mm thick, the upper part whereof was closed with a conical ceramic diaphragm provided with 18 holes of 8-mm diameter. Eight grooves on the edge of the diaphragm ensured the escape of the gases, while the lower part was closed with a ceramic diaphragm with 45 holes of 3.5 mm diameter.
  • a paper bag containing 30 g of In-Gor alloy at 1-10 mm granulometry and consisting of silicon iron in the proportion of 75% silicon with the addition of a total of 0.5% of selenium bromine iodine in ionic form by activated chemical absorption, was placed inside. For comparison, a corresponding number of brake drums, manufactured according to the foundry's conventional process of inoculation in the ladle, was cast using the same cast iron from an electric furnace.
  • the brake drums treated with inoculation by means of the container of treatment agent according to the invention appropriately cross sectioned in the point of greatest thickness where the preceding anomalies were located, showed no defects.
  • dehydrogenation is usually performed by introducing hexachloroethane in the oven after melting is achieved. This use causes the evacuation of malodorous gases which are irritating for the operators.
  • the cast parts have a variable amount of porosities due to hydrogen leaks, and this defect leads to rejects.
  • the pouring channels were fitted with a double-diaphragm container, wherein a piece of a hexachloroethane cube was placed.
  • a piece of a hexachloroethane cube was placed.
  • no presence of malodorous and irritating gases was detected, this being an indication that the sand of the mould had collected and retained them; moreover, all the parts cast appeared to be free from porosities.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP87108470A 1986-06-11 1987-06-11 Process for the degassing, refining or filtering treatment of liquid metals or alloys and related apparatus Withdrawn EP0249897A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT20762/86A IT1189162B (it) 1986-06-11 1986-06-11 Procedimento di trattamento di degasaggio,affinaggio o filtrazione di metalli o leghe allo stato liquido e relativo dispositivo
IT2076286 1986-06-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0249897A1 true EP0249897A1 (en) 1987-12-23

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ID=11171686

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87108470A Withdrawn EP0249897A1 (en) 1986-06-11 1987-06-11 Process for the degassing, refining or filtering treatment of liquid metals or alloys and related apparatus

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0249897A1 (it)
IT (1) IT1189162B (it)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5033531A (en) * 1989-07-26 1991-07-23 Foseco International Limited Casting of molten iron and filters for use therein
EP0578517A1 (fr) * 1992-05-29 1994-01-12 Daussan Et Compagnie Procédé pour traiter du métal en fusion dans une opération de coulée avec interposition d'un filtre, et filtre pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
US5390723A (en) * 1992-03-09 1995-02-21 Mohla; Prem P. Method of treating casting metals
US5603373A (en) * 1992-05-29 1997-02-18 Daussan Et Compagnie Process for treating molten metal during a casting operation using a filter and filter for implementing the process
FR2774611A1 (fr) * 1998-02-11 1999-08-13 Daussan & Co Dispositif pour filtrer et traiter du metal en fusion
WO2008001034A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Kassim Juma Filter device for molten metal filtration
CN100396402C (zh) * 2006-09-06 2008-06-25 蒋祖滨 一种包内冲入法
CN104190884A (zh) * 2014-08-15 2014-12-10 郑州机械研究所 一种洁净钎料铸锭的生产方法
CN105880478A (zh) * 2016-06-13 2016-08-24 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 一种设有孕育腔的浇注机构

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107377914A (zh) * 2017-08-04 2017-11-24 江西金世纪特种焊接材料有限公司 一种铝合金焊接材料熔炼连铸设备
CN112159881B (zh) * 2020-09-18 2022-03-01 东亚科技(苏州)有限公司 一种球墨铸铁浇铸工艺

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3658115A (en) * 1970-11-30 1972-04-25 Gen Motors Corp Method of inoculating nodular cast iron
FR2219231A2 (it) * 1973-02-27 1974-09-20 Stettner & Co
EP0011478A1 (en) * 1978-11-14 1980-05-28 The International Meehanite Metal Company Limited Apparatus and process for the treatment of molten metal
EP0032282A1 (en) * 1980-01-15 1981-07-22 Materials and Methods Limited Process for manufacture of cast iron with vermicular graphite and cast iron so produced

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3658115A (en) * 1970-11-30 1972-04-25 Gen Motors Corp Method of inoculating nodular cast iron
FR2219231A2 (it) * 1973-02-27 1974-09-20 Stettner & Co
EP0011478A1 (en) * 1978-11-14 1980-05-28 The International Meehanite Metal Company Limited Apparatus and process for the treatment of molten metal
EP0032282A1 (en) * 1980-01-15 1981-07-22 Materials and Methods Limited Process for manufacture of cast iron with vermicular graphite and cast iron so produced

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5033531A (en) * 1989-07-26 1991-07-23 Foseco International Limited Casting of molten iron and filters for use therein
US5390723A (en) * 1992-03-09 1995-02-21 Mohla; Prem P. Method of treating casting metals
EP0578517A1 (fr) * 1992-05-29 1994-01-12 Daussan Et Compagnie Procédé pour traiter du métal en fusion dans une opération de coulée avec interposition d'un filtre, et filtre pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
US5603373A (en) * 1992-05-29 1997-02-18 Daussan Et Compagnie Process for treating molten metal during a casting operation using a filter and filter for implementing the process
US5690161A (en) * 1992-05-29 1997-11-25 Daussan Et Compagnie Process for treating molten metal during a casting operation using a filter and filter for implementing the process
EP0936007A1 (fr) * 1998-02-11 1999-08-18 Daussan Et Compagnie Dispositif pour filtrer et traiter du métal en fusion
FR2774611A1 (fr) * 1998-02-11 1999-08-13 Daussan & Co Dispositif pour filtrer et traiter du metal en fusion
US6216768B1 (en) 1998-02-11 2001-04-17 Daussan Et Compagnie Device for filtering and treating molten metal
CN1067441C (zh) * 1998-02-11 2001-06-20 多森公司 过滤和处理熔融金属用的装置
WO2008001034A1 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Kassim Juma Filter device for molten metal filtration
CN100396402C (zh) * 2006-09-06 2008-06-25 蒋祖滨 一种包内冲入法
CN104190884A (zh) * 2014-08-15 2014-12-10 郑州机械研究所 一种洁净钎料铸锭的生产方法
CN105880478A (zh) * 2016-06-13 2016-08-24 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 一种设有孕育腔的浇注机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8620762A1 (it) 1987-12-11
IT1189162B (it) 1988-01-28
IT8620762A0 (it) 1986-06-11

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Inventor name: GORGERINO, MARIO DOMINIQUE