EP0245215B1 - Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtmetallteilen, wie kleinen Gegenständen und mechanischen Bestandteilen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtmetallteilen, wie kleinen Gegenständen und mechanischen Bestandteilen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0245215B1
EP0245215B1 EP87830135A EP87830135A EP0245215B1 EP 0245215 B1 EP0245215 B1 EP 0245215B1 EP 87830135 A EP87830135 A EP 87830135A EP 87830135 A EP87830135 A EP 87830135A EP 0245215 B1 EP0245215 B1 EP 0245215B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
tank
metal
rotating element
machine
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Expired
Application number
EP87830135A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0245215A1 (de
Inventor
Guido Zucchini
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Ama Universal SpA
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Ama Universal SpA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/045Cleaning involving contact with liquid using perforated containers, e.g. baskets, or racks immersed and agitated in a liquid bath
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23GCLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/04Apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine to wash metal and non-metal pieces, such as small items and mechanical components, of the type essentially designed to wash the pieces hermetically sealed in a washing chamber or tank, from which solvent is recovered and regenerated and where pieces are dried inside the washing tank itself through the forced endless circulation of a hot-air stream.
  • Such machines essentially comprise a hermetically sealed washing tank within which a rotating element or rotor provided with a basket to contain the pieces to be washed is moved.
  • a machine of the type mentioned above is described in GB-A-2 113 719 in the name of the same inventor designated as per this patent application and it provides a closed impervious washing chamber with an access door to permit entry and exit of the metal parts to be washed.
  • washing means comprising a basket for containing the metal articles to be washed.
  • Said basket is removably supported within the chamber by a movable carrier adapted to move the basket and the contained metal parts for immersion in a solvent bath and/or past at least one nozzle adapted to deliver a pressurized jet of solvent against the basket and the contained metal parts.
  • Said machine also comprises : a solvent-recovery circuit connected to the washing chamber, including a solvent storage tank and means for distilling solvent vapour also connected to the chamber ; and a closed-circuit forced-circulation hot air drying circuit with means for condensing the solvent vapours carried by the hot air and for returning the condensed solvent to the storage tank.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a machine of the above specified type having reduced sizes and being capable of allowing the use of both hanging and rotating baskets and in which the two above mentioned operating conditions can be achieved without carrying out any modifications to the main structure and the rotating element supporting the two types of baskets.
  • the invention allows the above specified object to be reached by providing a washing tank equipped with a rotor-supporting flange that can be fastened to the tank so that it may take two possible and different positions, in one of them the axis of the rotor is coaxial with the axis of the tank and in the other the axis of the rotor is eccentric relative to the axis of the tank for the use of hanging baskets.
  • the machine in question provides for the hanging baskets to be supported by a frame swinging about a pivot carried by the rotating element or by a second rotating element supported by said swinging frame.
  • the machine provides the use of a kinematic mechanism adapted to make the second rotating element rotate depend­ing upon the movement of the main rotating element, so that the basket supported thereby rotates too and the products contained therein undergo a sort of mixing.
  • the washing machine substantially consists of a wash­ing tank 1 within which a rotating element or rotor 2 rotates, which rotor is provided with a number of arms 34 from the free ends of which as many supporting rods or pivots 3 lead off that are adapted to support a plurality of baskets 4-4a designed to contain the pieces to be washed.
  • the washing tank 1 is provided, in the region of its charging mouth, with a structure 36 slidably supporting baskets 4-4a to be brought into the washing tank 1.
  • the wash­ing tank 1 is provided, in an eccentric position with respect to its axis 9, with an opening 10 (see Fig. 3) which can be closed by a flange 6 in turn provided with an eccentric hole adapted to be passed through (see Fig. 2) by a hub 7 of the rotating element 2.
  • the eccentricity E of opening 10 with respect to the axis of the washing tank 1 is identical with the eccentricity D of hole 11 to the axis of flange 6 (see detail shown in Figs. 2 and 3).
  • Flange 6 can take, relative to the washing tank 1, two different configurations rotated through 180° with respect to each other and corresponding the former to the maximum eccentricity (equal to E + D) of the hole 11 of flange 6 relative to the axis 9 of the washing tank 1 (see detail shown in Fig. 2 in full line and in Fig. 3), the latter correspond­ing to the coaxial relationship between said hole and axis (see detail shown in Fig. 2 in interrupted line).
  • each rod 3 of the rotating element 2 supports a swinging frame 15 (see Figs. 3, 4 and 5).
  • Each frame 15 consists of two rocker arms 35 articulated to the respective rod 3 at a central point thereof and without any possibility of sliding. They are connected to each other by two parallel substantially L-shaped guides 16, integral to their free ends. A gear wheel 23 is keyed on rod 3 in the vicinity of the rocker arm 35 which is closer to the respective arm 34, for the purposes to be clarified in the following.
  • Guides 16 are disposed in faced relationship and they are capable of slidably supporting sliding elements 17 associat­ed with the supporting structure 18 of the containing baskets 4.
  • Structure 18 in the case of hanging and non-rotating containing baskets 4 (see Figs. 3 and 4) consists of two channel sections engaged to the longitudinal side walls of the containing baskets 4.
  • To said channel sections are integral the stems 17a of rollers constituting said sliding elements 17 of basket 4 as well as one or more locking members 24 consisting for example of a spring pin 25a adapted to enter a corresponding hole in guides 16 (see Figs. 3, 4 and 5) in order to prevent basket 4 from sliding relative to guides 16 when the machine is running.
  • the containing baskets 4 are of the drawer type (see Figs. 3 and 4) and the channel sections 18 are integral thereto in the region of their upper edges.
  • the weight of each containing basket 4 added to that of the pieces contained therein generates a torque in the respective frame 15, which torque during the rotation of the rotating element 2 causes the same to rotate about the correspon d ing rod 3 so as to maintain the inclination of the contain­ing basket 4 unchanged with respect to tank 1, said basket, for example, always having its bottom in a horizontal position.
  • the supporting structure 18 there­of consists, according to the present invention, of a T-shaped element 19 from the ends of the horizontal arms of which sliding elements 17 similar to those already described with reference to baskets 4 lead off, at right angles to the plane of said T-shaped element 19.
  • One end of a pivot 20 parallel to rod 3 is applied to the vertical arm 22 of the T-shaped element 19.
  • a second rotating element or rotor 21 is fitted on pivot 20 which rotating element is provided with a number of arms 21a (three in the example shown in Fig. 4) from the free ends of which respective supporting rods 26 lead off; they are parallel to pivot 20 and hold a containing basket 4a therebetween.
  • the free ends of the supporting rods 26 are connected to each other by an annular element 37 so that the same are not allowed to diverge due to the weight of the containing basket 4a and of the pieces contained therein.
  • the second rotating element 21 is integral to pivot 20 and it can freely rotate about its axis and a toothed or runged structure 24 is associated therewith so that it meshes with a gear wheel 23 keyed on the respective rod 3 of the first rotating element 2.
  • Each of said rotating containing baskets 4a is preferably of cylindrical form and is open at one of its ends where a closing cover 27 is provided.
  • At least two locking elements 28 and 29 are associated with cover 27; they may for example be latches engaged into a hole 30a of a reinforcing rim 30 provided on basket 4a and into a hole 26a of one of the supporting rods 26, respectively.
  • basket 4a is engaged with rotor 21 both axial­ly and rotatably and, by effect of the rotation of the main rotor 2 and of the gear wheel 23 meshing with the toothed structure 24, it is caused to rotate about its own axis at a speed which is directly dependent on the rotation speed of the main rotor 2 and on the ratio between the number of teeth of the gear wheel 23 and the number of teeth of the toothed structure 24.
  • the rotation of basket 4a it is possible to cause the items contained therein to be submitted to a sort of mixing, which is also promoted by a series of longitudinal ribs or raised portions formed inside the baskets and against which said items temporarily bear during rotation of baskets 4a.
  • the second rotating element or rotor 21 can be rigidly carried at the ends of arms 34 belonging to the first rotating element 2 if it is not wished to have baskets 4 or 4a supported in a hanging relationship while needing the baskets to rotate for the purpose of mixing the items contained therein.
  • the bottom of said basket 4a can be provided with a number of housings 31 being each adapted to receive one of the arms 21a of the second rotor 21 in a restrained fixing relationship.
  • baskets 4a When baskets 4a are supported in this manner it is convenient that the axis of the first rotor 2 be coaxial with axis 9 of tank 1. In order to achieve this condition it is sufficient to rotate the flange 6 through 180° so as to eliminate the eccentricity given by the sum of E + D (see Fig. 2). In this way baskets 4a can be plunged into the same amount of solvent as in the case in which hanging baskets 4 are used since the distance L existing in the previous case between the axis of the main rotor 2 and the solvent level is now reduced to a value of L1.
  • the system adopted for the hanging support of baskets 4 and 4a is particularly interesting as regards the problem of standardization and the greater production and operation economy.
  • a single swinging frame 15 it is possible to use containing baskets both of the drawer type 4 and of the rotating type 4a either simultaneously or at different moments but anyway without modifying the washing tank.
  • opening 10 in the wash­ing tank 1 instead of being eccentric and closed by flange 6, could have bigger sizes relative to the ones shown and be coaxial with the axis 9 of the washing tank 1 and in this case two closing flanges would be provided in place of flange 6, one having a passage hole for hub 7 which is coaxial with axis 9 of the washing tank 1 and the second having a passage hole for hub 7 which is eccentric enough to allow hanging baskets such as 4 and 4a to be used.
  • opening 10 could be coaxial with axis 9 of the washing tank 1 and could have sizes allowing it to be closed in two stages either by a flange adapted to support hub 7 coaxially to tank 1 or by a flange adapted to support hub 7 eccentrically as hereinbefore described for the use of hanging baskets.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtme­tallteilen, wie kleinen Gegenständen und mechanischen Be­standteilen, enthaltend einen Waschbehälter (1), in wel­chem ein rotierendes Element oder Rotor (2) sich um eine horizontale Achse (8) drehen kann, wobei der genannte Ro­tor mit wenigstens einer Stange oder einem Zapfen (3) versehen ist, der parallel zu der Drehachse (8) des ge­nannten Behälters montiert und auf auslegende Weise an diesem befestigt und dazu geeignet ist, einen Korb (4, 4a) zu tragen, der die zu waschenden Teile enthält, wobei der genannte Waschbehälter (1) wenigstens frontale eine öffnung aufweist, welche kurzzeitig abdichtend geschlos­sen werden kann, um die Körbe (4, 4a) laden und entladen zu können, sowie eine zweite öffnung (10) auf der Rück­seite, die stäntig abdichtend verschlossen werden kann, und zwar durch einen die Rotornabe tragenden Flansch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Waschbehälter (1) im we­sentlichen zylindrisch ist, und dass dir zweite öffnung im Verhältnis zu der Achse (9) des Waschbehälters (1) ko­axial oder exzentrisch in einer nach oben gehenden Rich­tung angeordnet ist, und zwar auf solche Weise, dass sie die genannte Achse stets innerhalb ihres Querschnittes enthält, und dass sie durch wenigstens einen Flansch (6) verschlossen wird, der die Nabe (7) des Rotors (2) ko­axial oder exzentrisch im Verhältnis zu der Achse des ge­nannten Flansches (6) trägt, und wobei der genannte Flansch an dem Behälter (1) in zwei möglichen Positionen befestigt werden kann, so dass sich die Nabe (7) des Ro­tors (2) entweder auf der Achse (9) des Behälters (1) be­findet oder exzentrisch nach oben versetzt im Verhältnis zu der genannten Achse.
2. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtme­ tallteilen nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte öffnung (10), die durch den die Rotor­nabe (7) tragenden Flansch (6) fest abdichtend verschlos­sen werden kann, exzentrisch in einer nach oben verlau­fenden Richtung im Verhältnis zu der Achse (9) des Wasch­behälters (1) angeordnet ist, und dass der genannte Flansch (6) eine Bohrung (11) zum Durchlass der Rotornabe (7) aufweist, ebenfalls exzentrisch im Verhältnis zu der Achse des genannten Flansches (6), und zwar um eine Ab­messung, welche der Exzentrizität der genannten öffnung (10) im Verhältnis zu der Achse (9) des Behälters (1) entspricht, wobei der genannte Flansch (6) geeignet ist, nach zwei festen Positionen befestigt zu werden, in deren einer di Nabe (7) oder Halter für den Rotor (2) im Ver­hältnis zu der Achse (9) des Behälters (1) exzentrisch ist und in der anderen die genannte Nabe (7) koaxial zu der Achse (9) des Behälters (1) verläuft.
3. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtme­tallteilen nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede von dem rotierenden Element (2) getragene Stan­ge (3) einen frei um die genannte Stange schwingenden Rahmen (15) trägt, der mit Halteschienen (16) für den Korb (4, 4a) versehen ist.
4. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtme­tallteilen nach Patentanspruch 3, die kastenförmige Körbe (4) verwendet, welche entsprechend zu dem rotierenden Element (2) drehbar und gleitbar beweglich sind, ohne da­bei ihre Position im Verhältnis zu dem Waschbehälter (1) zu verändern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Korb (4) mit einer Struktur (18) versehen ist, die sich mit dem genannten schwingenden Rahmen (15) verbindet und auf bei­den Seiten des Korbes (4) Gleitelemente (17) enthält, die dazu geeignet sind, in die an dem Rahmen (15) vorgesehe­ nen Halteschienen (16) eingeschoben zu werden, sowie Blockiermittel (25), geeignet, in wenigstens einem Sitz einzurasten, der sich an wenigstens einer der genannten Halteschienen (16) befindet, wenn der Korb (4) an den Rahmen (15) angehängt wird.
5. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtme­tallteilen nach Patentanspruch 3, die vorzugsweise zylin­drische und geschlossene Körbe (4a) verwendet, welche durch Verändern ihrer Schrägstellung um Verhältnis zu dem Waschbehälter (1) um das genannte rotierende Element (2) beweglich sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie entspre­chend zu jedem schwingenden Rahmen (15) eine Trägerstruk­tur für den Korb (4a) enthält, der aus einem zweiten Rah­men (19) besteht und mit Gleitelementen versehen ist, die geeignet sind, mit den Halteschienen des schwingenden Rahmens (15) verbunden zu werden, sowie mit Blockiermit­teln (25), die in wenigstens einen Sitz einrasten können, der sich an wenigstens einer der genannten Halteschienen (16) befindet, wenn der zweite Rahmen (19) mit dem schwingenden Rahmen (15) verbunden wird ; sowie ein Trag­element (20) für ein zweites rotierendes Element (21), das mit parallel zu der von dem ersten rotierenden Ele­ment (2) getragenen Stange (3) angeordneten Armen (21a) versehen ist, die einen winkelmässigen Abstand voneinan­der haben, so dass sie zwischen sich einen Korb (4a) hal­ten können, wobei das zweite rotierende Element (21) mit einer verzahnten oder gestuften Struktur (24) versehen ist, die in ein Zahnrad (23) greift, das fest auf die von dem ersten rotierenden Element getragene Stange (3) auf­gezogen ist.
6. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Mettal- und Nichtme­tallteilen nach Patentanspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder der Aufnahmekörbe (4a) frontal durch einen Deckel (27) verschlossen wird, der mit wenigstens einem elastisch in diametral entgegengesetzte Richtungen beweg­lichen Schliesselement (28, 29) versehen ist, wobei eins der genannten Schliesselemente (28) in eine Bohrung (30a) greift, die sich in dem umlaufenden, verstärkenden Rand (30) des jeweiligen Aufnahmekorbes (4) befindet, und das andere (29) sich in eine Bohrung (26a) schiebt, die in einer der genannten Trägerstangen (26) des zweiten rotie­renden Elementes (21) angeordnet ist.
7. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtme­tallteilen anch Patentanspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Boden des genannten Aufnahmekorbes (4) einen hervorstehenden Rand aufweist, der mit Sitzen (31) zur Aufnahme der genannten Arme (21a) des zweiten rotierenden Elementes (21) versehen ist.
8. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtme­tallteilen nach Patentanspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder der genannten Aufnahmekörbe (4a) mit einer Anzahl von Rippen (38) versehen ist, deren Innenräume da­zu geeignet sind, das Mischen der zu waschenden Teile zu begünstigen.
9. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtme­tallteilen nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite öffnung (10) koaxial zu der Achse (9) des Behälters (1) ausgerichtet ist, und dadurch, dass dieser mit zwei austauschbaren Flanschen zum Verschliessen der genannten öffnung versehen ist, von denen einer zum Tra­gen der Nabe (7) des rotierenden Elementes (2) koaxial zu der Achse des Behälters (1) dient und der andere geeignet ist, die genannte Nabe (7) exzentrisch in einer nach oben verlaufenden Richtung im Verhältnis zu der Achse (9) des Behälters (1) zu tragen.
10. Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtme­tallteilen nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte öffnung (10) des Behälters (1) exzen­trisch in einer nach oben verlaufenden Richtung im Ver­hältnis zu der Achse (9) des Behälters (1) angeordnet ist, wobei die gennante Achse innerhalb des Querschnitts der genannten öffnung (10) enthalten ist, und dadurch, dass zwei austauschbare Flanschen zum Verschliessen der genannten öffnung (10) vorhanden sind, von denen einer dazu geeignet ist, die Nabe (7) des Rotors (2) koaxial zu der genannten öffnung zu tragen, und der andere geeignet ist, die genannte Nabe (7) koaxial zu der Achse (9) des Behälters (1) zu tragen.
EP87830135A 1986-05-09 1987-04-10 Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtmetallteilen, wie kleinen Gegenständen und mechanischen Bestandteilen Expired EP0245215B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT03414/86A IT1192032B (it) 1986-05-09 1986-05-09 Macchina per il lavaggio di pezzi metallici e non metallici quali minuterie e componenti meccanici
IT341486 1986-05-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0245215A1 EP0245215A1 (de) 1987-11-11
EP0245215B1 true EP0245215B1 (de) 1991-03-06

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EP87830135A Expired EP0245215B1 (de) 1986-05-09 1987-04-10 Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Metall- und Nichtmetallteilen, wie kleinen Gegenständen und mechanischen Bestandteilen

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0245215B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3768324D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1192032B (de)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE925031C (de) * 1952-10-12 1955-03-10 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Reinigungsvorrichtung
DE3300666C3 (de) * 1982-01-26 1998-04-09 Guido Zucchini Waschverfahren für metallhaltige und nicht-metallhaltige Teile wie Kleinteile, mechanische Komponenten und Teile für die elektronische Industrie sowie eine Maschine zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

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IT1192032B (it) 1988-03-31
IT8603414A0 (it) 1986-05-09
DE3768324D1 (de) 1991-04-11
EP0245215A1 (de) 1987-11-11

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