EP0243799A1 - Device for folding webs - Google Patents

Abstract

In the device for forming stacks (31) from zigzag-folded layers (40), a stacking device (42) is provided next to a folder (10) and has a lifting table (14). A separating device (24) in the form of a rake with front separating heads (100), which can be provided with blown air nozzles, is provided in the stacking area (41) next to the folder 10). An alignment device (22a) serves to periodically compress the fold edge (82a) and a cutting device (110) is connected upstream of the folder in order to provide incisions on the fold edges (82a) to be separated, so that e.g. the separation devices (24) are not necessary at edges with transport perforations.

Description

The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

From DE-B-1 267 958 a device has become known in which horizontal separating devices are inserted into the stack beginning after the folder, which are used for carrying a partial stack and for severing the folded paper web on a fold by means of a cutting edge on one of the horizontally the stack inserted separating and carrying device are formed. The removal device for the separated stack has a conveyor track on which the plates, which work like a stacking table, place the separated stack. US-A-2 761 677 also describes such a device.

DE-C-30 13 865 describes a device which solves the stack separation and the removal in the same way. It is essential that the partial stacks there above and below the separating device are held on their first or last sheets by special holding devices during the entire separating process, in order to avoid displacement of the stack during the separating and to form a large triangular gap for inserting the separating devices by lifting the upper stack part at an angle. This requires the use of complex machine parts such as suction devices etc.

According to the unpublished German patent application P 35 02 176, without holding devices for the stack parts lying above and below the separating device, an exact formation of individual stacks and their removal is made possible, even at high running speeds, by the stacking table being provided with a shifting device and by this in an upper one Position essentially horizontal, can be inserted in the same direction and synchronously into the stacking table with the separating device, wherein it connects to the separating device and follows it essentially without distance during insertion. No holding devices are required. When the separator is withdrawn, the stacking table follows it and takes over the partial stack without fear of tipping or shifting the stack. A dividing element which can be swiveled into the stack from its upper edge can form a small gap at the front edge of the stack, so that the separating element can easily enter the stack. It only opens the front edge of the stack and does not carry the stack over its remaining surface.

The object of the invention is to ensure a safe separation even at high running speeds even at high running speeds and special types of material webs, for example perforated or perforated papers, without the need for special holding devices. This object is achieved by the characterizing part of claim 1.

A main problem solved by the invention is that the layers in the stack get a curvature with increasing stack height, because the two folded edges take up more stack height than the layers themselves. As a result, the stack bulges so that the folded edges are higher than the center, which can impede the introduction of the separation devices and the perfect separation and removal. The individual embodiments of the invention lead to the solution of the problem in their application, but are particularly advantageous in their joint application or in combination with one another.

The upstream cutting device according to claim 2 ensures that the separation, which is particularly difficult to control, is controlled in the area of special sections of the material web, for example in the area of perforated or perforated edges of the layers. Such folding devices, which eject counted folded layers and which are usually referred to as 'stock form collators', are particularly often used to process layers which are used with a fixed or detachable perforated edge for processing on automatic printers of data processing systems. In addition to these so-called Remaliner perforations, other designs, for example special transverse areas of the material web provided with filing perforations, etc., are particularly critical because the separating devices can get caught in the perforated edges, in particular if the layers in the separating area are curved. Even with unperforated, longitudinally perforated edges, the longitudinal perforation could cause difficulties when tearing open the transverse perforation. The previous incision or cutting in these areas ensures that there is still sufficient cohesion on the one hand, but on the other hand in these areas areas that do not need to be effective or do not have to do any separation work there. For this reason, for example in the case of perforated layers which are particularly susceptible to snagging, the area in which the separating devices are effective can be restricted to the areas which have not been cut. The arrangement as close as possible in front of the separation point, most sensible immediately in front of the folder, ensures that the incisions do not lead to difficulties during the remaining processing of the material web. Since the processing is often carried out with multiple uses, ie in several similar web strips next to each other, the cuts can be made not only in the area of the outer edge, but also in the middle of the material web.

The auxiliary device designed as an alignment device according to claim 7 ensures, by means of a bulging of the stack from below, that the resulting stack curvature is displaced into the lower stack area and thus keeps the surface of the stack essentially flat in the parting plane.

The alignment devices according to claim 8 press the stack edges formed by the superimposed folds to better "break" the fold and to keep the curvature of the stack as low as possible. The alignment devices are preferably actuated several times during the stack formation, a swivel device ensuring that they run smoothly into the stack. For example, with a stack of 250 layers, the alignment elements could take effect every 50 layers.

The improved introduction and separation also serves the training according to claim 10 with a rotary drive for the separating rods. These can therefore be very flat, so that they are easy to insert and still through the Dre hung have a considerable separating effect, the rotation preferably being carried out in the region of the fold edge to be separated.

A version of the separating device is particularly preferred, in which it consists of rods with separating heads which are parallel in the direction of entry and which are designed in the manner of locking tips and ensure that the perforation at the fold is broken open and not cut open, which increases the risk of stack displacement and cutting into the web prevented. The separation is further improved in that blowing air is expelled through the separating rods.

• Fig. 1 schematische Ansichten der Vorrichtung in bis 5 fünf verschiedenen Arbeitsstellungen, wobei in einigen der Figuren der Übersichtlichkeit wegen nur die Elemente dargestellt sind, die für die Erläuterung des jeweiligen Arbeitsschrittes notwendig sind,
• Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht,
• Fig. 7 eine Seitenansicht eines Trennkopfes,
• Fig. 8 eine Frontansicht zweier Trennnköpfe,
• Fig. 9 eine schematische Darstellung der in den Fig. 1 bis 5 nur als Block angedeuteten Schneidvorrichtung,
• Fig. 10 eine schematische Darstellung der vorher als Block angedeuteten Aufwölbeinrichtung, und
• Fig. 11 eine Draufsicht auf den Stapel, die Trenn-und Ausrichteinrichtungen in der Trennebene.

Features of preferred developments of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the description and the drawings, the individual features being able to be implemented individually or in groups in the form of subcombinations in one embodiment of the invention. An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below. Show it:

• 1 shows schematic views of the device in up to 5 five different working positions, only some elements being shown in some of the figures for the sake of clarity, which are necessary for explaining the respective working step,
• 6 is a plan view,
• 7 is a side view of a separating head,
• 8 is a front view of two separating heads,
• 9 shows a schematic illustration of the cutting device indicated only as a block in FIGS. 1 to 5,
• Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of the bulging device previously indicated as a block, and
• 11 shows a plan view of the stack, the separating and aligning devices in the separating plane.

The device shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is normally the end section of a device for producing folded layers from a material web 13, in particular a paper web. In the machine part, not shown, upstream of a folder 10, the machine part is normally simple, but more useful, i.e. Printed material webs 13 lying side by side in several format widths, provided with perforations and punchings etc.

The material web entering the folder 10 vertically from above is provided with folds at a predetermined distance after passing through a cutting device 110, which will be explained later, and then deposited in the form of zigzag-shaped layers 40 in the form of a stack 31. The stack forms in a stack area 41, which can also be referred to as a stacking shaft, and is guided in the stacking direction 42, here vertically downward.

A flap folder known per se can be used as the folder, as is known, for example, from DE-C-178 663, to which reference is made here. You will be over an adjustment or change-over gear 7 is driven synchronously with a shaft 19 which controls a large part of the functions of the entire stacking device 43.

On the upper part of the stack area 41 adjoining the folder 10, guide elements 44 are arranged on the front and rear edges, which guide the stack 31 between them in this upper area and are designed in the manner of combs or rakes. In the working position according to FIG. 1, the stack 31 rests on a lowerable stacking table 14 which is supported by columns 45, which are guided vertically displaceably in guides 46 and, for example via racks on the columns, by a motor 16 via a toothed wheel and chain transmission 47 can be raised and lowered, namely from the lower position 15 to the upper position shown in broken lines in the parting plane 48.

The motor 16, the gear 47 and the guides 46, and thus the entire stacking table 14, are attached to a horizontally displaceable carriage 49, which is indicated by dashed lines. It can be displaced horizontally between the right position shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 and the left position shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, namely in that it is coupled to a toothed belt 21 which belongs to a displacement device 50. The toothed belt 21 is endlessly guided around numerous deflection rollers, for example 36, 37, 38, a drive wheel 51 and a driving wheel 28. In addition to the horizontal run 52 which drives the carriage 49, a likewise horizontal run 53 is formed, which can move a separating device 24 running in a horizontal guide 54 horizontally back and forth.

The separating device 24 consists of a plurality of rake-like or comb-like bars lying horizontally next to one another, for example round bars, which are provided with a tip 55 on the front and by the comb-shaped guide adapted to them elements 44 can run through. The separating device 24 can be moved back and forth between the position shown in FIG. 1, in which it lies outside the stacking area 41, and the position according to FIG. 3, in which the tips 55 protrude through the left guide element 44.

The displacement device 50 is driven via a gear 56 connected to the drive wheel 51 in a rotationally fixed manner, a toothed segment 27 which is in engagement therewith, a crank 57 attached thereto, a connecting rod 58 and a one-armed lever 59 which is articulated on a pivot bearing 61 and a driving roller 60 carries, which follows a curve 20 on the shaft 19. The segment 27 is moved back and forth from the curve 20 via the linkage 57 to 61 and also rotates the drive wheel 51 back and forth so that the carriage 51 coupled to it and the separating device 24 are each horizontally in the same direction and by the same amount - and be moved around. Instead of the toothed belt drive, another displacement device, for example with levers directly from a curve, or a pneumatic drive could also be provided. However, by means of the two toothed belts running in front of and behind the stacking areas in the drawing, a relatively adaptable displacement device has been created, which at the same time also drives a belt conveyor 18 forming a removal device 62 for the stacks 31. A bulging device 140, which will be described later with reference to FIG. 10, is contained in the removal device.

The toothed belt 21 runs around the driving wheel 28, which it rotates back and forth oscillatingly and is connected via a freewheel 29 to a drive wheel 30 for the belt conveyor 18, as a result of which the drive wheel is always only taken clockwise and thus the belt 18 only moved is transported in the direction of the arrows 63, in each case by the amount 64, ie the division between two stacks on the removal route.

The belt conveyor 18 is guided around numerous deflection rollers in such a way that it forms two horizontal belt sections 65, 66, of which the one which runs in the region of the stacking table can be raised independently of the belt section 66. The belt is guided at the beginning and end of the belt section 65 in a Z-shape over a pair of guide rollers attached to a lifting element 68 and then provided with compensating sections which are held under tension by spring-loaded guide rollers 67. The lifting elements 68 can be lifted by pneumatic cylinders 17 at the same time and thus raise the belt section 65 with the arching device 140 above the level of the lower position 15 of the stacking table 14 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). In the lowered position shown in FIG. 1, the belt sections 65, 66 are at the same level. The belt conveyor 18 consists of belts arranged at a distance from one another, through whose plane the stacking table, which likewise consists of individual bars arranged at a distance from one another, can pass. At the bottom of the stacking table 14 there is at least one strip-shaped support 34, on which the stack edge of a stack that has been removed on the left in the drawing can be supported when it is transported away from the stacking area and at the transition between the belt sections 65, 66. The support is connected to the columns 65 at the lower end via a yoke.

In Fig. 1 it is indicated with a dashed line that for manual adjustment the entire belt section 18 with its deflection rollers, the lifting mechanism 17, 68 and the drive wheel 30, and the stacking table together with the carriage 49 can be raised to an upper position 35, if stacks with a lower height are to be produced. The shifting device 50 also lifts with its order steering rollers 36, 37, 38, the toothed belt 21 and the driving wheel 28; however, the drive wheel 51 remains stationary. The drive of the displacement device 50 and of the discharge device 62 driven indirectly by this is therefore not impaired by the height adjustment.

Alignment elements 22, 22a are made on the top edge of the stack 31 and above the separating device 24, each consisting of a latch-like lever with a tip or cutting edge 72 and a pressure surface 72a. It is attached in an articulated manner to one end of a rod 73, which is guided in sliding guides 74 above the separating element 24 at an angle between approximately 10 and 30 ° with respect to the horizontal. A further rod 75 is guided parallel below it, which acts on the aligning element 22 with a roller 76 at its end and thus between an obliquely upward position (FIG. 1) and an obliquely downward position on the stack (approximately in the extension of the rods 73, 75 as in Fig. 2 and 3) can pivot. Each of the rods 73, 75 is connected to the piston of a pneumatic cylinder 23, 23a.

On the left-hand side in the drawings, that is to say in the region of the folding edge 82 to be separated, a dividing element 22a is provided, which is similar in its design and effect to that previously described. These alignment elements 22a on the left in the drawing are also driven by means of pneumatic cylinders 23, 23a.

The alignment elements 22, 22a are arranged such that they are normally in the area of the stack edges 69, 69a above the stack, that is to say in the area of the folding rollers 11, 12, so that they can engage the stack from above before it forms. The alignment elements move into the stack without risk of collision with the layers and pivot through the parting plane 48, thereby opening them up the fold edges 82, 82a on the stack press edges 69, 69a and there compress the fold so that it is as far as possible no greater than the layer thickness itself. In its pivoted down position, the alignment elements 22 protrude with their tips in a gap in the separating device the retracted tips of the separator 24 so that they divide the stack to retract the separator.

The separating head 100 shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 forms the front end of each rod 101 of the separating device 24. The rods 101 run horizontally and parallel to one another in the insertion direction of the separating device 24. The separating head 100 has the shape of a spearhead with a rhombic cross section, the edges of which 102, 103 converge in the front tip 55. The separating head is wider and thicker than the associated rod 101, so that there is a very small distance a between two separating heads 100 in the horizontal direction, which is only a fraction of the total width of the separating head or the division t between the rods (preferably 5-10 %). However, if alignment elements 22a are to intervene there, the distance can also be chosen to be larger. The separating head 100 has the greater width of its rhombic cross section in the horizontal direction and the edges 102 pointing in this direction form an angle between them of between 45 ° and 90 °, preferably approximately 60 °. In contrast, the angle enclosed by the edges 103 pointing upwards and downwards is only half as large and is between 25 ° and 40 °, preferably at just under 30 °. In the area of the edges 102, the rhombic tip merges into a cylindrical and then into a conical cross section 107, which reduces the overall width of the separating head to the dimensions of the rod 101. The edges 102, 103 are not sharpened, but deburred.

This creates a flat, wedge-shaped blade that should not cut the web at the perforated folded edges, but should only break it open. The web is arched up and down along the fold and the webs holding the web parts together are deliberately broken open. What is important here are the force components generated by the cutting head in the horizontal and vertical directions and not a cutting ability of the edges. Therefore, these need not be as pronounced as in the example shown. In particular, the edge 103 could be dispensed with, so that the tip could have a lenticular cross section. The separating head described thus tears open the perforation webs one after the other without tearing the web, specifically without exerting large transverse forces on the stack. The separating heads 100 lying next to one another engage at the end of their weces in the recesses in the strip 44. The wavy surfaces on the top and bottom of the separating device 24 formed by the adjoining separating surfaces 105, which can be seen in FIG. 8, extend so far apart from one another in the end position of the separating stroke that, with the small distance a, there is certainly also a gap Would be ripped open.

In addition, the separating heads 100 can be provided with blown air openings 160. Four blowing air openings can be provided for each cutting head, one in each of the four surfaces delimiting the cutting head. They are arranged in the retraction direction and slightly apart and connected to a central air duct 161, which is provided in the separating head and the separating bars 101. It is also possible to provide blowing openings 160 only on one, preferably the lower side of the separating head and to supply blown air to support the separation during the separating process.

9 shows the cutting device 110, which is arranged directly in front of the folder 10 in the path of the material web 13. It contains a cross cutter 111 with a knife shaft 112 and a counter knife roller 113, against which the cutting knives 114 clamped in the knife shaft 112 work. These consist of individual pieces or sections which are arranged along the knife roller 112 in such a way that incisions 115 occur only in certain transverse regions (see FIG. 11). The cross cutter 111 is driven by an intermediate gear 116 from the drive of the folding drums 11, 12.

A knife shaft support 125 carrying the knife roller 112 is in the embodiment on a linear guide 117 by means of a ball bushing 118 horizontally displaceably and loaded by a spring 119 such that the knife shaft 112 is normally moved away from the counter knife roller forming the counter-cutting surface and the material web 13 is unaffected by the cross cutter runs through.

The knife shaft 112 is brought into cutting engagement by a pawl 120, which is driven to oscillate in the longitudinal direction by a pivotable lever 121 via a roller 122 and a cam disk 123. Normally, the pawl is pulled upwards by a pneumatic cylinder 124 and is therefore out of engagement with the knife shaft support 125. The pawl 120 then runs back and forth empty. Only when the pneumatic cylinder 124 is actuated does the pawl engage the knife shaft support 125 in the manner shown in FIG. 9 and is thus ready. Then, when the cam 126 of the cam disk 123 moves the pawl 120 to the left in the drawing via the roller 122 and the lever 121, the knife shaft 112 is pressed against the counter knife roller 113 and the partial cutting process is triggered.

The cam disk 123 is synchronized with the drive of the folder 10, but can be reduced so that, for example, it makes one revolution every ten layers. Since the cam 126 occupies a maximum of one tenth of the circumference of the cam disk 123, the cut can nevertheless be made at a precisely defined point, which is set up in such a way that it takes place exactly in the fold edge 82a, which is later also separated by the separating device 24.

10, the bulging device 140 is shown. It is part of the removal device 62 and is set up to give the belt conveyor 18 an upward curvature in the region of the stack 31, while the separating device 124 is moved into the stack at the top. The arching device 140 has two free-running support rollers 141 for the belt conveyor 18, which can be pivoted on lever arms between a broken-down position shown in broken lines and an effective upper position shown in full lines. For this purpose, the lever arms are coupled to one another via gear wheels 142, one of which can be pivoted by a pneumatic cylinder 144 via a lever 143. A pair of deflection rollers 145 acting on the belt conveyor from both sides supports the belt section 65 of the belt conveyor 18 in the area in which it carries the stack.

_F ig. 11 shows a top view of the layer 40 and the separating device 24 in the separating plane 48. The layers 40 formed from the material web 13 are two-dozen, ie two forms 150 are folded and stacked side by side. They each have a separable edge 151 on both sides, in which transport perforations 152 are made running in the longitudinal direction of the material web. The incisions 115 are also provided in this area. They therefore extend over the transverse regions 153 formed by the remaliner edge, each on the edge and (in double width) in the The middle of the layer are provided and can advantageously also be considerably wider, for example about 50% wider than the edge width 153, as shown. Incisions 115 could also be made at other points. The limit in the number and width of the incisions is given by the fact that the _M rialbahn ATE 13 nor properly passes through the Falzer. An arrangement of the cutting device directly in front of the separating device or in front of the folder is important because the cohesion of the layers should be even better in previous processing stations.

It can be seen that the separating device formed from individual separating bars 101, the longitudinal guidance of which has been omitted to simplify the illustration, is arranged in groups which each occupy an area delimited by the clamp 155. This area lies between the edges 151, so that there are no separating bars in the area of the edges 151, even where these lie in the middle of the position. - The separating bars 101 are provided with a rotary drive 159 and, for this purpose, carry pinions 156 at their ends remote from the separating heads 100, which engage in a rack 157 which can be moved back and forth by a pneumatic cylinder 158.

The device described works according to the following method: FIG. 1 shows a working step in which the formation of a high stack 31 on the stacking table 14 is almost complete. The stacking table 14 has reached its lower position 15, the separating device 24 and the alignment elements 22, 22a are outside the stacking area 41.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rod 73 is now pushed towards the stack by actuating the pneumatic cylinder 23, so that the aligning element pivots into the stacking area 41, specifically via the topmost which is forming on the folder Location. It pivots into a position in which the tip 72 is in front of the tip 55 of the separating device. The alignment elements therefore run into the stack as it forms and therefore do not need to first split the layers. The pivoting-in process continues until a number of layers have been deposited on the alignment elements in order not to hinder the newly formed layers when the folded edges 82, 82a are pressed together. The alignment elements 22, 22a are strip-shaped and each arranged between two separating bars 100, and are of such a height that their lower pressure surfaces 72a can compress the folded edges considerably.

The alignment elements are pivoted in during stack formation, e.g. every 50 layers, so that in a stack of 200 layers, alignment is carried out four times by squeezing until it is relatively far below the parting plane 48. The layers in the stack 31 thus remain relatively flat. While the left alignment elements 22a are extended again before the separation process, the right alignment elements 22 remain in the stack and form a gap into which the separation devices can enter.

To change the stack, the belt section 65 of the belt conveyor 18 of the removal device 62 is raised through the plane of the stacking table 14, so that it takes over the stack 31. This is done by actuating the pneumatic cylinder 17 using the compensating path formed by the spring-loaded deflection rollers 67.

Immediately afterwards, the curve 20 actuates the toothed segment 27 and thus the drive wheel 51 of the toothed belt 21 via the lever mechanism 57 to 61 in such a way that the displacement device 50 formed thereby simultaneously the slide 49 and thus the stacking table 14 with its lifting mechanism and the separating device 24 in the guide 54 horizontally to the left pulls. The stacking table is now to the left of the stacking area 41 and the separating device 24 moves into the stack 31, runs between two layers 40 and cuts through these layers in the area of the rear fold edge 82a, where the layers are only connected to one another by a perforated line (FIG. 3). The tips 55 and cutting edges 102 of the separating heads 100 interact with the guide element, which forms a type of counter bearing or shear bar. Depending on the type of guide elements or separating device, different types of severing can be used here, which depend essentially on the desired separation quality and the type of fold (degree of perforation). In any case, it has been shown that the separation by means of the individual tips or cutting edges enables a sufficiently safe and clean separation for the practical applications that occur. When the toothed belt 21 was moved between the position of FIGS. 2 and 3, the freewheel had become active so that the belt conveyor 18 was not moved.

When separating and possibly also when moving in, 160 compressed air was blown out through the blown air openings, so that a compressed air cushion formed between the adjacent layers and the separation process improved and, if necessary, the insertion of the separating rods went smoothly even with sensitive papers. The rotary drive 159 serves for the separating bars 101 for better cutting even when the separating heads 100 are at a slightly greater distance from one another than is shown in FIG. 8. When these are in their working position, the rack 157 is actuated once by actuating the pneumatic cylinder 158. and moved so that the separating rods make a rotation, preferably about 90 ° back and forth. As a result, the flat-rhombically shaped separating heads 100 rotate out of their normally flat orientation in the separating plane 48 so that they form a take up a much greater height and thus surely break the perforation on the separating fold 82a without exerting any significant transverse force on the stack.

There are no separating bars in the area of the edges 151, since these only occupy the areas 155 (FIG. 11) which are in the area of the unperforated layer surface, i.e. outside the edges. However, it is not necessary to break the separating fold in the areas 153 because there the separating fold 82a has already been cut by the cuts 115.

These were previously carried out by the cutting device 110. In this case, controlled by a contactless sensor 130, a signal for actuating the pneumatic cylinder 124 was output in such a way that exactly the separating fold received the cuts 115 which, under further guidance by the aligning elements 22 and the separating device 24, are provided for stack separation. It is also an advantage of the invention that the folding and stacking from the cutting device 110 to the separation point takes place with sheet accuracy because the alignment element 22 already takes over the layers directly at the exit of the fold 10, that is to say there is no accidental separation at a certain stack height.

For cross cutting, the locking pawl, which is normally pressed against the cam plate 123 by spring force and runs on it with the roller 122, is engaged in the position according to FIG. 9, while the roller is not lifted by the cam. During the next pass of the cam 126, the knife shaft 112 is then advanced against the counter knife roller 113 and carries out the cuts 115. Immediately after the cut, the roller 122 leaves the cam 126, the pawl 120 withdraws and the knife shaft support 125 is pulled back into an inactive position of the cross cutter by the spring 119. Instead of the cross cutter described with a counter knife roller, others could also Cutting devices are used, for example a cross cutter with a fixed counter knife, wherein either the knife shaft or the counter knife could be advanced for periodic cutting. Other cutting devices, for example cutting devices with a linearly moving knife, are also possible.

In any case, it is ensured that the cuts 115 are made only on the fold edge to be cut later, that is, between the last sheet of the previous stack and the first sheet of the following.

Before the separation device 24 is retracted, i.e. in the work steps between FIGS. 2 and 3, the pneumatic cylinder 144 of the arching device 140 was actuated and pivoted the tape rolls 141 from their lower position, in which they left the tape 18 running over them, into the swiveled-up position shown in FIG. 10, so that they now give the volume an upward curvature. This gives the stack an upwardly curved shape in its lower region, which counteracts the concave shape otherwise assumed in the upper part of the stack, which results from the fact that the folded edges 82, 82a assume somewhat more height than the layers themselves. This also bears to a stack that is as flat as possible in the parting plane 48, which facilitates the retraction of the separating device even with difficult papers. After the separating device has been retracted, the arching of the belt section 65 can be removed again by corresponding actuation of the pneumatic cylinder 144 and lowering of the belt rolls 141.

Fig. 4 shows that the lifting elements 78 are now lowered again by retracting the pistons in the pneumatic cylinders 17, so that the belt section 65 comes back to the level of the belt section 76 and the stack 31 is lowered accordingly. At the same time, by operating the motor 16 Via the gear 47, the stacking table 14 is raised through the belt level to the position 48, in which its stacking surface 83 is approximately aligned with the upper edge of the separating devices 24. The stacking table 14 moves upward next to the stacking area 41.

Furthermore, in FIG. 4, by simultaneously withdrawing both rods 73, 75, the alignment element 22 is withdrawn from the stacking area by actuating the pneumatic cylinders 23, 23a. The pivoting and advancing movement indicated in FIG. 4 by the bent arrow 84 is carried out, in which first the alignment element 22 is pivoted up in the retracted position of the rod 73 by advancing the rod 75 and then by simultaneous movement of the rods 73, 75 onto the stack to the dividing element 22 in its upward position is pushed into the waiting position according to FIGS. 1 and 5, so that it is ready for use again.

Since the separation device 24 was retracted (FIGS. 3 and 4), a new partial stack 85 has formed on the separation device, which thus carries the partial stack 85 during this period. For this reason, the separating device is located relatively close to the folder, but at such a distance that a certain partial stack, which is formed until the end of the stack changing process, can be formed and accommodated between separating device 24 and folder 10.

Fig. 5 shows that now under the action of the turning curve 20 via the connecting mechanism, the segment 27 is pivoted to the other side, so that the drive wheel 51 moves the toothed belt 21 of the displacement device 50 so that the separating device 24 and stacking table 14 horizontally in the same direction and moved synchronously in the drawing to the right, so that the separator 24 from the Stacking area 41 extends and the stacking table 14 moves into the stacking area. The stacking table 14 and separating device 24 move without a gap adjoining one another and even overlapping somewhat in that the tips 55 of the separating device lie on a lateral bevel of the stacking table. This mutual position had already been assumed in FIG. 4 and is maintained during the transfer to the right. The partial stack 85 formed on the separating device 24 is pushed by the guide elements 44 on the right onto the stacking table 14, which now again takes on its role as the lowerable carrier of the stack. For this purpose, the stacking table 14 is now lowered in the stacking direction 42 by the motor 16 in accordance with the formation of the stack (FIG. 1).

Fig. 5 also shows that simultaneously with the movement of the toothed belt 21, the drive wheel 28 was rotated, which took the drive wheel 30 for the belt conveyor 18 in this direction via the freewheel 29 and thereby moved the belt 18 by the amount 64, namely in Area of the belt sections 65, 66, which are located here at the same level, to the right, that is to say under the separating device 24 and between the gear wheels 21. The stack is supported by the support strips 34 as it runs across the gap between the two belt sections 65, 66. There is thus a gradual removal of the stacks 31 formed on the belt section 66, from where they can be transported or removed.

Instead of the belt conveyor 18, another removal device can also be used, for example a device that works with slides or gripper fingers that move the stacks on a table or roller tracks. Although raising the belt section 65 is advantageous and after the subsequent lowering of this section, there is sufficient clearance above the stack stands in order to be able to transport it under the separating device, it would also be possible to carry out the transfer at a constant belt section height by correspondingly lowering the stacking table.

The indirect drive of the belt conveyor 18 via the toothed belt by means of a freewheel ensures reliable synchronization of the movement. However, a drive for the belt conveyor derived directly from the synchronous shaft 19 could also be provided. The clock shaft 19 is connected to the drive of the folding rollers 11, 12 in such a way that it makes one revolution at a certain minimum number of layers 40, for example for 100 or 200 sheets. If stacks with a larger or smaller number of layers divisible by this minimum number are required, the synchronous shaft 19 is decoupled for a few revolutions. During this time, the stack is then formed (in the position between FIG. 5 and FIG. 1 following in the cycle). However, it is also possible to form a different number of layers by engaging at another point, which are not divisible by the minimum number mentioned or to have the layer count counted by other means instead of the folder. The motor 16 and the pneumatic cylinders 17, 23 are controlled in the work sequence described by a control device which can also be actuated, for example, via curves or cams on the synchronous shaft 29. In particular, the speed of the motor 16 should be adjustable according to the "growth speed" of the stack.

The individual auxiliary devices 110, 140, 160 etc. are used depending on the type and quality of the materials to be processed as well as their design and pre-processing as well as on the required running speed. They all work for the same purpose, a perfect stack separation without holding the layers above and below the separation point. In detail, however, they can be designed differently from the embodiment sketched in the drawings. For example, the arching of the stack in the lower region can also be carried out by molded parts acting from below, an archable bottom during slide transport, etc.

Claims (10)

1. Device for folding material webs, in particular paper webs, and for storing them in a stack (31) of folded layers (40) with a folder (10) and a stacking device (43), in which the stack is in a stacking area (41 ) in a stacking direction (42), with at least one separating device (24) for severing the stack (31), which is arranged next to the folder (10) and with a separating device drive (50), which connects the at least one separating device (24) introduces into the stack (31) and pulls it out again transversely to the stacking direction (42), and when it is introduced into the stack (31), it is cut between two layers (40) by cutting along a fold edge (82a), characterized by the layers (40) cooperating auxiliary devices (22, 22a, 110, 140, 159, 160) to support the introduction or separation. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary device contains a cutting device (110) which is arranged in the material running direction (130) in front of the separating device (24) and preferably also in front of the folder (10) and the layers at the for later Complete separation by the separating device (24) provided folding edge (82a) in transverse areas (115) provided with perforations and / or perforations (152), in particular in the area of transport perforations of the material web, which may be used in a multi-use manner, partially cut through, preferably the cutting device ( 110) is a cross-cutter (111) which is controlled and driven depending on the folder (10) and the separating device (24), preferably rotating, with knives (114) arranged in sections over the width of the material web, advantageously a control device for the number of layers (40) has periodic cutting control for the cross cutter per stack (31), ie e is preferably controlled via cams (123, 126) and is provided with an engagement device (120) for coupling the cam control to the cross cutter (111), and in particular the separating device (24) is only provided in the transverse areas (155) of the layers (40) which lie between the transverse regions (115) cut through by the cutting device. 3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the auxiliary device comprises an alignment device provided in the stack area (41) for the surface alignment of the layers (40) in the stack (31), which acts on the already formed stack (31). 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the alignment device between the fold edges (82, 82a) lying area of the layers (40) of the sta- p _e ls (31) and in particular consists of a bulging device (140), which is preferably formed on a removal device (62) consisting of a belt conveyor (18) and can be actuated periodically. ₅ . Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the alignment devices have an alignment element (22, 22a) arranged at least on the stack edge (69a) which contains the fold edge (82a) to be separated and preferably on both stack edges (69, 69a), which is designed for periodically compressing the stack (31) on this stack edge (69) and can be actuated several times during the formation of each stack (31), the alignment element preferably arranged on the stack edge (69a) which contains the fold edge (82a) to be separated during the separation of the layers (40) carried out by the separating devices (24) is out of engagement with the stack (31), while preferably the alignment element arranged on the other stack (69) during the retraction of the separating device (24) in the region of the separating plane (48) is moved into the stack (31). 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the auxiliary device has a rotary drive (159) through which the separating devices (24) around their preferably consisting of a plurality of separating bars (101) arranged side by side with front separating edges (102, 103) Longitudinal axes are rotatable, and can preferably be driven to oscillate back and forth. 7. The device, in particular according to claim 6, characterized in that the separating edges (102, 103) of each separating rod (101) are provided on a separating head (100) which has a flattened, preferably spear-tip-like shape and preferably which is towards the front Tip (55) tapering separating head (100) has a rhombic cross section with four separating edges (102, 103), which is preferably approximately half as thick as wide and whose longer diagonal in the The separating plane of the separating device (24) lies, the angle between the separating edges (102) lying in the separating plane being in particular between 45 ° and 90 °, preferably approximately 60 °, and the angle between the separating edges (103) pointing transversely to the separating plane Angle is between 25 ° and 40 °, in particular the separating heads (100) projecting over the circumference of the separating bars (101) and leaving only small distances (a) between them, which are preferably in the order of 5 to 10% of the division (t ) between the separating bars (101). 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the auxiliary devices contain blowing air outlets (106) which are provided on the separating devices (24). 9. The device according to claim 6 to 8, characterized in that blown air outlets in the separating edges (102) adjacent surface areas are arranged. 10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the blown air outlets (106) are arranged on the underside of the separation devices in the separation area and their blown air supply can preferably be switched on during the separation processes.

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