EP0242578A2 - Hand-shaking method and electronic locking system operating by it - Google Patents

Hand-shaking method and electronic locking system operating by it Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0242578A2
EP0242578A2 EP87103669A EP87103669A EP0242578A2 EP 0242578 A2 EP0242578 A2 EP 0242578A2 EP 87103669 A EP87103669 A EP 87103669A EP 87103669 A EP87103669 A EP 87103669A EP 0242578 A2 EP0242578 A2 EP 0242578A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
key
lock
microprocessor
circuit
electronic lock
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87103669A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0242578A3 (en
Inventor
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Stösser
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BKS GmbH
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BKS GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0242578A2 publication Critical patent/EP0242578A2/en
Publication of EP0242578A3 publication Critical patent/EP0242578A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00785—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by light

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for bidirectional data transmission and an electronic lock system operating in accordance therewith, in which the mutual data transfer between the key and lock takes place via existing light transmitters and receivers forming a transmission channel, in particular semiconductor diodes working in the infrared range.
  • An electronic lock system working according to the above method is known from DE-OS 32 34 538. It is intended in particular for motor vehicles with a built-in central locking system, with copying of the key-side transmission signal by Unbe added should be prevented that a new matching code number is set in the transmitter and receiver after each transmission and reception process and that the key from the returning lock is sent an acknowledgment signal for switching to the next code.
  • the data exchange taking place in dialog form between the key and the lock can be carried out as far as desired, so that such lock systems can meet the highest security requirements.
  • an infrared light-emitting photodiode and a transmission channel containing the light-receiving phototransistor are required for each data transmission direction, so that, on the key and lock side, one photodiode and one phototransistor together with associated amplifiers and the like Receive circuit are required.
  • the accommodation of a particular receiving and transmitting circuit is particularly disadvantageous on the key side, because the key offers only limited accommodation options because of its spatial dimensions, unless it would have to be dimensioned excessively large.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving and perfecting a method for bidirectional data transmission in an electronic lock system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it requires less circuitry and in particular avoids installation difficulties which occur on the key side.
  • This object is essentially achieved in that the data transfer between the key and the lock is carried out in both directions over one and the same transmission channel with a corresponding change of transmitter and receiver. So after that Always the same transmission channel is used for data transfer both in the direction from the key to the lock and in the opposite direction.
  • An electronic lock system operating according to the method of the invention the key and lock of which are each provided in a known manner with a microprocessor and a transmission and reception circuit which can be alternately switched to its input and output and which contains amplifiers and infrared transmitters and receivers designed in such a way that in the key and in the lock only one circuit containing a semiconductor diode is provided and both circuits can be switched in opposite directions by the associated microprocessor as the transmitting and receiving circuit.
  • a microprocessor and a transmission and reception circuit which can be alternately switched to its input and output and which contains amplifiers and infrared transmitters and receivers designed in such a way that in the key and in the lock only one circuit containing a semiconductor diode is provided and both circuits can be switched in opposite directions by the associated microprocessor as the transmitting and receiving circuit.
  • the transmitting or receiving circuits in the key and lock can have the same circuit. This means a further significant simplification, especially in terms of production and assembly.
  • the semiconductor diode can be applied alternately in the forward and reverse direction by means of a changeover switch (relay) which is built into its circuit and controlled by the microprocessor. If the semiconductor diode is operated in the forward direction, it works as a transmitter that emits infrared light, whereas when the voltage is applied in the reverse direction, it acts as a light receiver ger works in photodiode circuit. However, since the changeover switches causing the voltage reversal still have a not inconsiderable electrical resistance, it is necessary to work with comparatively larger voltages in order to obtain a sufficient photodiode current.
  • a transistor is installed in the voltage supply line to the semiconductor diode and can be released by the output of the associated microprocessor in the sense of data transmission. In this case, low-voltage transmission and reception is possible with mutual data exchange.
  • the dash-dotted box A contains the electronics belonging to the lock and the box B the electronics belonging to the corresponding key.
  • the lock A is provided with a microprocessor 1, which allows the lock bolt to be locked or released via a control circuit 2.
  • a circuit 3 which is used both for sending and receiving data to be transmitted, is connected, in which the semiconductor diode 6 as well as the one between the two opposing switches 4, 5 associated resistors 7 and 8 are located.
  • the opposite switch 4; 5 can, as dashed indicated, are actuated or switched by the relay 9 controlled by the microprocessor 1, in such a way that the photodiode 6 is thereby to be applied to voltage either in the forward direction (FIG. 1) or in the blocking direction (FIG. 2).
  • the key B is provided with a corresponding microprocessor 1 'and, moreover, has the same circuit as the lock A, that is to say a corresponding circuit 3' with switches 4 ', 5', the semiconductor diode 6 1 , the resistors 7 ', 8 present therein 'and the relay 9 1 .
  • the z. B. from the semiconductor material gallium arsenide existing semiconductor diode 6 in the forward direction. As a result, it works as an infrared transmitter, being able to emit the data signal 10 coming from the microprocessor 1 in the direction of the key B.
  • the latter is set to receive this data signal 10 by virtue of the fact that its photodiode 6 'acts as a photodiode, since it is in the blocking direction by the changeover switches 4 1 , 5'.
  • the semiconductor diode 6 'thus becomes a radiation detector, with increasing radiation of its semiconductor barrier layer additionally creating free charge carriers which considerably increase its reverse current, which is low in itself.
  • the ratios are in the case of FIG. 2, where after corresponding switching-controlled by their microprocessors 1 and 1 1 relay 9 and 9 'and the change-over switch 4, 5 or 4', 5 'now in the forward direction to Voltage-sensitive semiconductor diode 6 'to the infrared light-emitting transmitter and the lock side, in the reverse direction, voltage-sensitive semiconductor diode 6 to the light-receiving photodiode which is able to receive the data signal 10 'emitted by the key B and to pass it on to the lock-side microprocessor 1.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 the operation of the electronic lock system shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is simpler and less stressful, wherein A and B in turn represent the lock and key side, 1 and 1 'the associated microprocessors.
  • transistors 11 and 11 ' are installed in the associated circuits 3 and 3', which in turn correspond in terms of circuitry, which allow the semiconductor diodes 6, 6 'to be operated more easily.
  • an operational amplifier 12 with associated resistor R and the resistors 13 and R LED are also present in the circuits 3, 3 '.
  • the circuit in lock A operates in the transmit mode, the semiconductor diode 6 being switched through the transistor 11 in the forward direction and therefore emitting infrared light.
  • the light radiation is controlled accordingly by the data signal 10 supplied to the transistor 11 by the microprocessor 1. Since the transistor 11 'located on the key side is blocked by the basic signal 10''coming from the microprocessor 1' and the semiconductor diode 6 'thus with no external power supply, it works as a photodiode.
  • the light emitted by the lock-side semiconductor diode 6 thus generates a photo voltage in the key-side semiconductor diode 6 ', which is amplified in the operational amplifier 12' and further processed in the subsequent electronic circuit in the microprocessor 1 '.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

For bidirectional data transfer in an electronic locking system, the mutual data transfer between the key (B) and the lock (A) can take place via light transmitters and receivers, in particular semi-conductor diodes (6, 6') operating in the infrared range, which are present in said key and lock and form a transfer channel. In order to manage with the smallest possible amount of circuitry, the data transfer between the key (B) and the lock (A) in both directions is undertaken via one and the same transfer channel with corresponding transmitter and receiver exchange. Provided in the key (B) and in the lock (A) there is in each case only one current circuit (3 or 3') containing a semi-conductor diode (6 or 6'), both current circuits being reversible by means of the associated microprocessor (1 or 1') in opposite directions as transmitter and receiver circuit and preferably having the same circuitry. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur bidirektionalen Datenübertragung und ein danach arbeitendes elektronisches Schloßsystem, bei dem der gegenseitige Datentransfer zwischen Schlüssel und Schloß über in ihnen vorhandene, einen Übertragungskanal bildende Licht-Sender und -Empfänger, insbesondere im Infrarotbereich arbeitende Halbleiter-Dioden erfolgt.The invention relates to a method for bidirectional data transmission and an electronic lock system operating in accordance therewith, in which the mutual data transfer between the key and lock takes place via existing light transmitters and receivers forming a transmission channel, in particular semiconductor diodes working in the infrared range.

Ein nach obigem Verfahren arbeitendes elektronisches Schloßsystem ist durch die DE-OS 32 34 538 bekannt. Es ist insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge mit eingebauter Zentralverriegelung bestimmt, wobei ein Kopieren des schlüsselseitigen Sendesignals durch Unbefugte dadurch verhindert werden soll, daß nach jedem Sende- und Empfangsvorgang im Sender und Empfänger eine neue übereinstimmende Code-Nummer eingestellt und dem Schlüssel vom rücksendenen Schloß jeweils ein Quittierungssignal zum Weiterschalten auf den nächsten Code übermittelt wird. Darüberhinaus kann bei einem solchen elektronischen Schlüsselsystem der in Dialogform erfolgende Datenaustausch zwischen Schlüssel und Schloß beliebig weit getrieben werden, so daß solche Schloßsysteme allerhöchsten Sicherheitsansprüchen zu genügen vermögen. Bei dem bekannten elektronischen Schloßsystem ist für jede Datenübertragungsrichtung je ein eine Infrarotlicht emittierende Fotodiode und einen das Licht empfangenden Fototransistor enthaltender Übertragungskanal erforderlich, so daß also schlüssel- wie auch schloßseitig je eine Fotodiode und ein Fototransistor nebst zugehörigem, Verstärker und dgl. enthaltendem Sende- und Empfangs-Stromkreis erforderlich sind. Die Unterbringung je eines besonderen Empfangs- und Sendestromkreises ist aber insbesondere schlüsselseitig vom Nachteil, weil der Schlüssel wegen seiner räumlichen Abmessungen nur begrenzte Unterbringungsmöglichkeiten bietet, es sei denn daß man ihn übermäßig groß dimensonieren müßte.An electronic lock system working according to the above method is known from DE-OS 32 34 538. It is intended in particular for motor vehicles with a built-in central locking system, with copying of the key-side transmission signal by Unbe added should be prevented that a new matching code number is set in the transmitter and receiver after each transmission and reception process and that the key from the returning lock is sent an acknowledgment signal for switching to the next code. In addition, with such an electronic key system, the data exchange taking place in dialog form between the key and the lock can be carried out as far as desired, so that such lock systems can meet the highest security requirements. In the known electronic lock system, an infrared light-emitting photodiode and a transmission channel containing the light-receiving phototransistor are required for each data transmission direction, so that, on the key and lock side, one photodiode and one phototransistor together with associated amplifiers and the like Receive circuit are required. The accommodation of a particular receiving and transmitting circuit is particularly disadvantageous on the key side, because the key offers only limited accommodation options because of its spatial dimensions, unless it would have to be dimensioned excessively large.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur bidirektionalen Datenübertragung in einem elektronischen Schloßsystem der eingangs erwähnten Gattung dahingehend zu verbessern und zu vervollkommen, daß man dabei mit wesentlich geringerem Schaltungsaufwand auskommt und die dabei insbesondere schlüsselseitg auftretenden Einbauschwierigkeiten vermeidet. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß im wesentlichen dadurch gelöst, daß der Datentransfer zwischen Schlüssel und Schloß in beiden Richtungen über ein- und denselben Übertragungskanal mit entsprechendem Sender- und Empfängerwechsel vorgenommen wird. Hiernach wird also stets der gleiche Übertragungskanal für den Datentransfer sowohl in Richtung vom Schlüssel zum Schloß als auch in umgekehrter Richtung verwendet..The invention is based on the object of improving and perfecting a method for bidirectional data transmission in an electronic lock system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it requires less circuitry and in particular avoids installation difficulties which occur on the key side. This object is essentially achieved in that the data transfer between the key and the lock is carried out in both directions over one and the same transmission channel with a corresponding change of transmitter and receiver. So after that Always the same transmission channel is used for data transfer both in the direction from the key to the lock and in the opposite direction.

Ein nach dem erfindungsgemäßeh Verfahren arbeitendes elektronisches Schloßsystem, dessen Schlüssel und Schloß in jeweils bekannter Weise mit je einem Mikroprozessor sowie einem auf dessen Ein- und Ausgang abwechselnd umzuschaltenden, Verstärker sowie InfrarotSender und -Empfänger enthaltenden Sende- und Empfangs-Stromkreis versehen sind, ist erfindungsgemäß so gestaltet, daß im Schlüssel wie auch im Schloß jeweils nur noch ein eine Halbleiterdiode enthaltender Stromkreis vorgesehen sind und beide Stromkreise durch den zugehörigen Mikroprozessor gegensinnig als Sende- und Empfangskreis umschaltbar sind. Auf diese Weise kommt man zu einer erheblichen Verringerung des Schaltungsaufwandes und auch zu entsprechenden baulichen Vereinfachungen im Schlüssel wie im Schloß, wobei insbesondere die schlüsselseitige .Unterbringung des abwechselnd gleich wohl als Sender wie auch als Empfänger dienenden Stromkreises herkömmliche Schlüssel-Abmessungen einzuhalten erlaubt.An electronic lock system operating according to the method of the invention, the key and lock of which are each provided in a known manner with a microprocessor and a transmission and reception circuit which can be alternately switched to its input and output and which contains amplifiers and infrared transmitters and receivers designed in such a way that in the key and in the lock only one circuit containing a semiconductor diode is provided and both circuits can be switched in opposite directions by the associated microprocessor as the transmitting and receiving circuit. In this way, there is a considerable reduction in the circuitry and corresponding structural simplifications in the key as in the lock, with the key-side.

Nach einem weiteren sehr vorteilhaften Merkmal der Erfindung können die Sende- bzw. Empfangs-Stromkreise im Schlüssel und Schloß die gleiche Schaltung besitzen. Das bedeutet eine weitere erhebliche Vereinfachung insbesondere auch in herstellungs- und montagemässiger Hinsicht..According to another very advantageous feature of the invention, the transmitting or receiving circuits in the key and lock can have the same circuit. This means a further significant simplification, especially in terms of production and assembly.

Die Halbleiterdiode kann durch einen in ihren Stromkreis eingebauten, vom Mikroprozessor gesteuerten Umschalter (Relais) abwechselnd in Durchlaß- und Sperrichtung an Spannung angelegt werden. Wird die Halbleiterdiode dabei in Durchlaßrichtung betrieben, so arbeitet sie als Infrarotlicht abstrahlender Sender, wohingegen sie bei in Sperrrichtung anliegender Spannung jeweils als Lichtempfänger in Fotodiodenschaltung arbeitet. Da die die Spannungsumkehr bewirkenden Umschalter jedoch noch einen nicht unerheblichen elektrischen Widerstand besitzen, muß hier noch mit vergleichsweise größeren Spannungen gearbeitet werden, um einen ausreichenden Fotodiodenstrom zu erhalten.The semiconductor diode can be applied alternately in the forward and reverse direction by means of a changeover switch (relay) which is built into its circuit and controlled by the microprocessor. If the semiconductor diode is operated in the forward direction, it works as a transmitter that emits infrared light, whereas when the voltage is applied in the reverse direction, it acts as a light receiver ger works in photodiode circuit. However, since the changeover switches causing the voltage reversal still have a not inconsiderable electrical resistance, it is necessary to work with comparatively larger voltages in order to obtain a sufficient photodiode current.

Einfacher und vorteilhafter ist es daher, wenn nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung in die Spannungszuleitung zur Halbleiterdiode ein Transistor eingebaut ist, der durch den Ausgang des zugehörigen Mikroprozessors im Sinne der Datensendung freizugeben ist. In diesem Fall ist ein spannungsarmer Sende- und Empfangsbetrieb beim gegenseitigem Datenaustausch möglich.It is therefore simpler and more advantageous if, according to a further feature of the invention, a transistor is installed in the voltage supply line to the semiconductor diode and can be released by the output of the associated microprocessor in the sense of data transmission. In this case, low-voltage transmission and reception is possible with mutual data exchange.

In der Zeichnung sind zwei Ausführungsbeispiele eines elektronsichen Schloßsystems nach der Erfindung anhand entsprechender Blockschaltbilder dargestellt, wobei

  • die Fig. -1 und 2 eine erste Ausführungsform und
  • die Fig. 3 und 4 eine zweite, noch vorteilhaftere Ausführungsform wiedergeben.
In the drawing, two exemplary embodiments of an electronic lock system according to the invention are shown using corresponding block diagrams, wherein
  • FIGS. -1 and 2 a first embodiment and
  • 3 and 4 show a second, even more advantageous embodiment.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten elektronischen Schloßsystem enthält das strichpunktiert umrahmte Feld A die zum Schloß und das Feld B die zum entsprechenden Schlüssel gehörige Elektronik. Das Schloß A ist mit einem Mikroprozessor 1 versehen, der über eine Steuerschaltung 2 den Schloßriegel zu sperren bzw. freizugeben erlaubt. An den Aus- und Eingang T x D bzw. R x D des Mikroprozessors 1 ist ein zugleich zum Senden wie auch Empfangen von zu übertragenden Daten dienender Stromkreis 3 angeschlossen, in welchem sich zwischen den beiden gegenläufigen Umschaltern 4, 5 die Halbleiterdiode 6 sowie die zugehörigen Widerstände 7 und 8 befinden. Die gegenläufigen Umschalter 4; 5 können, wie gestrichelt angedeutet, durch das vom Mikroprozessor 1 gesteuerte Relais 9 betätigt bzw. umgeschaltet werden, und zwar so, daß die Fotodiode 6 dadurch entweder in Durchlaßrichtung (Fig. 1) oder in Sperrichtung (Fig. 2) an Spannung anzulegen ist.In the electronic lock system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dash-dotted box A contains the electronics belonging to the lock and the box B the electronics belonging to the corresponding key. The lock A is provided with a microprocessor 1, which allows the lock bolt to be locked or released via a control circuit 2. At the output and input T x D or R x D of the microprocessor 1, a circuit 3, which is used both for sending and receiving data to be transmitted, is connected, in which the semiconductor diode 6 as well as the one between the two opposing switches 4, 5 associated resistors 7 and 8 are located. The opposite switch 4; 5 can, as dashed indicated, are actuated or switched by the relay 9 controlled by the microprocessor 1, in such a way that the photodiode 6 is thereby to be applied to voltage either in the forward direction (FIG. 1) or in the blocking direction (FIG. 2).

Der Schlüssel B ist mit einem entsprechenden Mikroprozessor 1' versehen und besitzt im übrigen die gleiche Schaltung wie das Schloß A, also einen entsprechenden Stromkreis 3' mit darin vorhanderien Umschaltern 4', 5', der Halbleiterdiode 61, den Widerständen 7', 8' und dem Relais 91.The key B is provided with a corresponding microprocessor 1 'and, moreover, has the same circuit as the lock A, that is to say a corresponding circuit 3' with switches 4 ', 5', the semiconductor diode 6 1 , the resistors 7 ', 8 present therein 'and the relay 9 1 .

In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Stellung der Umschalter 4, 5 wird die z. B. aus dem Halbleitermaterial Galliumarsenid bestehende Halbleiterdiode 6 in Durchlaßrichtung spannungsbeaufschlagt. Sie arbeitet infolgedessen als Infrarotsender, wobei sie das vom Mikroprozessor 1 kommende Datensignal 10 in Richtung auf den Schlüssel B zu emittieren vermag. Letzterer ist auf Empfang dieses Datensignals 10 dadurch eingestellt, daß seine Fotodiode 6', da sie durch die Umschalter 41, 5' .in Sperrichtung an Spannung liegt, als Fotodiode wirkt und das empfangende Signal 10 an den schlüsselseitigen Mikroprozessor 1' weitergibt..Die Halbleiterdiode 6' wird also in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Umschalter-Stellung zu einem Strahlungsdetektor, wobei mit zunehmender Bestrahlung ihrer Halbleiter-Sperrschicht zusätzlich freie Ladungsträger entstehen, die ihren an sich geringen Sperrstrom beträchtlich erhöhen. Umgekehrt liegen die Verhältnisse im Falle der Fig. 2, wo nach entsprechendem Umschalten durch die von ihren Mikroprozessoren 1 bzw. 11 gesteuerten Relais 9 bzw. 9' und deren Umschalter 4, 5 bzw. 4', 5' die nunmehr in Durchlaßrichtung an Spannung liegende Halbleiterdiode 6' zum Infrarotlicht emittierenden Sender und die schloßseitig gelegerie, in Sperrichtung an Spannung liegende Halbleiterdiode 6 zur lichtempfangenden Fotodiode wird, die das vom Schlüssel B emittierte Datensignal 10' zu empfangen und an den schloßseitigen Mikroprozessor 1 weiterzugeben vermag..In the position of the switch 4, 5 shown in Fig. 1, the z. B. from the semiconductor material gallium arsenide existing semiconductor diode 6 in the forward direction. As a result, it works as an infrared transmitter, being able to emit the data signal 10 coming from the microprocessor 1 in the direction of the key B. The latter is set to receive this data signal 10 by virtue of the fact that its photodiode 6 'acts as a photodiode, since it is in the blocking direction by the changeover switches 4 1 , 5'. In the switch position shown in FIG. 1, the semiconductor diode 6 'thus becomes a radiation detector, with increasing radiation of its semiconductor barrier layer additionally creating free charge carriers which considerably increase its reverse current, which is low in itself. Conversely, the ratios are in the case of FIG. 2, where after corresponding switching-controlled by their microprocessors 1 and 1 1 relay 9 and 9 'and the change-over switch 4, 5 or 4', 5 'now in the forward direction to Voltage-sensitive semiconductor diode 6 'to the infrared light-emitting transmitter and the lock side, in the reverse direction, voltage-sensitive semiconductor diode 6 to the light-receiving photodiode which is able to receive the data signal 10 'emitted by the key B and to pass it on to the lock-side microprocessor 1.

Ein entsprechend dem Blockschaltbild nach Fig. 1 und 2 eingesetzter Analogschalter der CMOS-Ser-ie 4053 mit drei Umschaltern ergab einen on-Widerstand eines Umschalters von max. 240 Ohm bei einer Versorgungsspannung von 15 Volt. Dagegen betrug dieser on-Widerstand bei einer anzustrebenden Versorgungsspannung des elektronischen Schloßsystems von ca. 5 Volt max. 1050 Ohm. Demzufolge ergab sich eine max. Stromstärke bei im Sendebetrieb arbeitender LED-Diode von 5 mA. Da die LED-Diode für ein einwandfreies Arbeiten aber Stromstärken von etwa 20 - 25 mA. braucht, benötigt man für diesen Schaltungsfall entsprechend höhere Spannungen.An analog switch of the CMOS-Series 4053 with three change-over switches used in accordance with the block diagram according to FIGS. 1 and 2 resulted in an on-resistance of a change-over switch of max. 240 ohms with a supply voltage of 15 volts. In contrast, this on-resistance was at a target supply voltage of the electronic lock system of about 5 volts max. 1050 ohms. As a result, there was a max. Current with an LED diode of 5 mA working in transmit mode. Since the LED diode for perfect work but currents of about 20 - 25 mA. needs correspondingly higher voltages for this circuit case.

Einfacher und spannungsärmer gestaltet sich dagegen der Betrieb des in Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellten elektronischen Schloßsystems, worin A und B wiederum die Schloß-und Schlüsselseite, 1 und 1' die zugehörigen Mikroprozessoren wiedergeben. In diesem Falle sind in die zugehörigen, wiederum schaltungsmäßig übereinstimmenden Stromkreise 3 bzw. 3' Transistoren 11 bzw. 11' eingebaut, die die Halbleiterdioden 6, 6' einfacher zu betreiben erlauben. Zusätzlich sind hier in die Schaltkreise 3, 3' noch ein Operationsverstärker 12 mit zugehörigem Widerstand R sowie die Widerstände 13 und RLED vorhanden.On the other hand, the operation of the electronic lock system shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is simpler and less stressful, wherein A and B in turn represent the lock and key side, 1 and 1 'the associated microprocessors. In this case, transistors 11 and 11 'are installed in the associated circuits 3 and 3', which in turn correspond in terms of circuitry, which allow the semiconductor diodes 6, 6 'to be operated more easily. In addition, an operational amplifier 12 with associated resistor R and the resistors 13 and R LED are also present in the circuits 3, 3 '.

Im Falle der Fig..3 arbeitet die im Schloß A vorhandene Schaltung im Sendebetrieb, wobei die Halbleiterdiode 6 über den Transistor 11 in Durchlaßrichtung geschaltet ist und daher Infrarotlicht emittiert. Die Lichtstrahlung wird dabei durch das vom Mikroprozessor 1 dem Transistor 11 zugeführte Datensignal 10 entsprechend gesteuert. Da der schlüsselseitig gelegene Transistor 11' durch das vom Mikroprozessor 1' kommende Basissignal 10" gesperrt und die Halbleiterdiode 6' somit ohne äußere Spannungsversorgung ist, arbeitet sie als Fotodiode. Das von der schloßseitigen Halbleiterdiode 6 emittierte Licht erzeugt somit in der schlüsselseitigen Halbleiterdiode 6' eine Fotospannung, die im Operationsverstärker 12' verstärkt und in der nachfolgenden elektronischen Schaltung im Mikroprozessor 1' weiter verarbeitet wird. Umgekehrt wird im Falle der Fig. 4 beim Anlegen eines Datensignals 10' an den schlüsselseitig gelegenen Transistor 11' die schlüsselseitige Halbleiterdiode 6' zum Infrarotlicht ausstrahlenden Sender..Durch die schloßseitig gelegene, nunmehr durch den über das Basissignal 10" gesperrten Transistor 11 zum Lichtempfänger gewordene Fotodiode 6 wird das empfangene Datensignal 10' an den schloßseitigen Mikroprozessor 1 weitergeleitet..Durch einfaches Sperren bzw. Anlegen eines Datensignals am Transistor 11 bzw. 11' wird somit aus der Halbleiterdiode 6 bzw. 6' wechselweise ein Lichtsender oder -Empfänger. In allen Fällen kommt man mit der gleichen einfachen Schaltung sowohl schlüssel- als auch schloßseitig aus.In the case of Fig. 3, the circuit in lock A operates in the transmit mode, the semiconductor diode 6 being switched through the transistor 11 in the forward direction and therefore emitting infrared light. The light radiation is controlled accordingly by the data signal 10 supplied to the transistor 11 by the microprocessor 1. Since the transistor 11 'located on the key side is blocked by the basic signal 10''coming from the microprocessor 1' and the semiconductor diode 6 'thus with no external power supply, it works as a photodiode. The light emitted by the lock-side semiconductor diode 6 thus generates a photo voltage in the key-side semiconductor diode 6 ', which is amplified in the operational amplifier 12' and further processed in the subsequent electronic circuit in the microprocessor 1 '. Conversely, in the case of FIG. 4, when a data signal 10 'is applied to the transistor 11' located on the key side, the key-side semiconductor diode 6 'becomes an emitter emitting infrared light become photo diode 6, the received data signal 10 'to the lock side microprocessor 1 weitergeleitet..Durch simple lock or applying a data signal to the transistor 11 or 11' is thus albleiterdiode from H 6 and 6 'alternately a light transmitter or receiver. In all cases, the same simple circuit can be used for both the key and the lock side.

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zur bidirektionalen Datenübertragung in einem elektronischen Schloßsystem, bei dem der gegenseitige Datentransfer zwischen Schlüssel und Schloß über in ihnen vorhandene, einen Übertragungskanal bildende Licht- Sender und -Empfänger, insbesondere im Infrarotbereich arbeitende Halbleiterdioden erfolgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Datentransfer zwischen Schlüssel (B) und Schloß (A) in beiden Richtungen über ein- und denselben Übertragungskanal mit entsprechendem Sender- und Empfängerwechsel vorgenommen wird.1. A method for bidirectional data transmission in an electronic lock system, in which the mutual data transfer between the key and lock is carried out in them, forming a transmission channel light transmitter and receiver, in particular in the infrared semiconductor diodes, characterized in that the data transfer between keys (B) and lock (A) is carried out in both directions over one and the same transmission channel with a corresponding change of transmitter and receiver. 2. Nach dem Verfahren des Anspruchs 1 arbeitendes elektronisches Schloßsystem, dessen Schlüssel und Schloß mit je einem Mikroprozessor sowie einem auf dessen Ein- und Ausgang abwechselnd umzuschaltenden, Verstärker sowie Infrarot-Sender und -Empfänger enthaltenden Sende- und Empfangs-Stromkreis versehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Schlüssel (B) wie auch im Schloß (A) jeweils nur ein eine Halbleiterdiode (6 bzw. 6') enthaltender Stromkreis (3 bzw. 3') vorgesehen sind und beide Stromkreise durch den zugehörigen Mikroprozessor (1 bzw. 1') gegensinnig als Sende- und Empfangskreis umschaltbar sind.2. Working according to the method of claim 1 electronic lock system, the key and lock are each provided with a microprocessor and an alternating switch on its input and output, amplifier and infrared transmitter and receiver containing transmitting and receiving circuit, thereby characterized in that in the key (B) as well as in the lock ( A ) only one circuit (3 or 3 ') containing a semiconductor diode (6 or 6') is provided and both circuits are provided by the associated microprocessor (1 or 1 ') can be switched in opposite directions as the transmitting and receiving circuit. 3. Elektronisches Schloßsystem nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sende- bzw. Empfangs-Stromkreise (3 bzw. 3') im Schlüssel (B) und Schloß (A) die gleiche Schaltung besitzen.3. Electronic lock system according to claim 2, characterized in that the transmitting or receiving circuits (3 or 3 ') in the key (B) and lock ( A ) have the same circuit. 4. ,Elektronisches Schloßsystem nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Halbleiterdiode (6, 61) durch einen in ihren Stromkreis (3, 3') eingebauten, vom Mikroprozessor (1, 1') gesteuerten Umschalter (Relais 9 bzw. 9') abwechselnd in Durchlaß-und Sperrrichtung an Spannung anzulegen ist (Fig. 1, 2). 4th , Electronic lock system according to claim 3, characterized in that the semiconductor diode (6, 6 1 ) by means of a changeover switch (relay 9 or 9 ') controlled by the microprocessor (1, 1') and built into its circuit (3, 3 '). alternately in the forward and blocking directions to be applied to voltage (Fig. 1, 2). 5. Elektronisches Schloßsystem nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß in die Spannungszuleitung zur Halbleiterdiode (6, 6') ein Transistor (11 bzw. 11') eingebaut ist, der durch den Ausgang des zugehörigen Mikroprozessors (1 bzw. 1') im Sinne der Datensendung freizugeben ist (Fig. 3, 4).5. Electronic lock system according to claim 3, characterized in that in the voltage supply to the semiconductor diode (6, 6 '), a transistor (11 or 11') is installed, which by the output of the associated microprocessor (1 or 1 ') in The meaning of the data transmission is to be released (Fig. 3, 4). 6. Elektronisches Schloßsystem nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß zwischen Halbleiterdiode (6, 6') und Eingang des Mikroprozessors (1, 1') ein Operations-Verstärker (12, 12') vorgesehen ist.6. Electronic lock system according to claim 5, characterized in that an operational amplifier (12, 12 ') is provided between the semiconductor diode (6, 6') and the input of the microprocessor (1, 1 ').
EP87103669A 1986-04-23 1987-03-13 Hand-shaking method and electronic locking system operating by it Withdrawn EP0242578A3 (en)

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DE3613666 1986-04-23
DE19863613666 DE3613666A1 (en) 1986-04-23 1986-04-23 METHOD FOR BIDIRECTIONAL DATA TRANSFER AND ELECTRONIC LOCKING SYSTEM WORKING AFTER THIS

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