EP0240819A2 - Method of deceiving radar or infrared-guided missiles, particularly for boats and naval units, and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Method of deceiving radar or infrared-guided missiles, particularly for boats and naval units, and apparatus therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0240819A2
EP0240819A2 EP19870104219 EP87104219A EP0240819A2 EP 0240819 A2 EP0240819 A2 EP 0240819A2 EP 19870104219 EP19870104219 EP 19870104219 EP 87104219 A EP87104219 A EP 87104219A EP 0240819 A2 EP0240819 A2 EP 0240819A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
deflection
missile
throwing
deflection curve
predetermined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19870104219
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0240819B1 (en
EP0240819A3 (en
Inventor
Rolf Herbst
Johannes Grundler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buck Werke GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Buck Werke GmbH and Co
Wegmann and Co GmbH
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Application filed by Buck Werke GmbH and Co, Wegmann and Co GmbH filed Critical Buck Werke GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0240819A2 publication Critical patent/EP0240819A2/en
Publication of EP0240819A3 publication Critical patent/EP0240819A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
    • F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
    • F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
    • F41G7/224—Deceiving or protecting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for deflecting missiles guided by radar and / or infrared radiation, in particular for the protection of seagoing vessels and ship groups, in which projectiles producing mock targets are ignited in or in front of the target area of the missile.
  • the object underlying the invention was to develop a method of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that the approaching missile is deflected in a predetermined deflection direction, which can be determined so that the missile no longer moves after its deflection is able to switch to an alternative destination.
  • the invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention with the features from patent claim 6, an advantageous embodiment of this device being described in patent claim 7.
  • the method according to the invention is primarily intended to protect ship groups, but it can also be used to protect individual ships, for example in the form that ships in crisis areas, for example tankers, can be equipped with a device according to the invention in order to counteract the To be protected by missiles and to protect other tankers traveling in a convoy.
  • the device according to the invention When using the method according to the invention for the protection of ship groups, it may also be advantageous to install the device according to the invention on unmanned escort ships, so that the diversion can be carried out at a relatively great distance from the ship group, where there is sufficient space for fixing the direction of deflection is available.
  • Conventional throwing bodies can be used as throwing bodies, which, for example, for generating an infrared glow target contain a certain effective mass known per se, due to which after ignition of the throwing body an infrared radiation-imitating cloud arises which has a low sinking speed with a large radiation area and thus has a ship-like characteristic.
  • Throwing bodies can be used to deflect radar-controlled missiles which contain a so-called "double active mass" which is released after the firing body has been ignited.
  • double active mass a so-called "double active mass" which is released after the firing body has been ignited.
  • the method according to the invention can be used in many different ways.
  • the device according to the invention can be used both to protect the association and to protect the support boat itself.
  • the device for carrying out a method for deflecting missiles guided by radar and / or infrared radiation basically has the following individual devices:
  • This locating device can contain, in a manner known per se, a radar device and additional devices such as a periscope, a night vision device and / or an optical distance measuring device. Furthermore, it contains devices known per se for generating electrical data representing the determined values. This data is fed to a data processing system 2, which is also constructed in a manner known per se and, based on corresponding programs, calculates a deflection curve for the missile from the determined data based on a predetermined deflection direction, in the manner in which this is explained in more detail below.
  • the data processing system 2 also generates electrical control signals which are fed to a control device 3 to which a throwing pillar 4 is connected, which is also explained in more detail below.
  • Throwing pillars 4 are fired by means of the throwing column 4, specifically with respect to the firing direction and firing sequence in such a way that at the end of the trajectory of the throwing body, after firing, apparent targets appear which lie at predetermined points of the calculated deflection curve. The conditions that occur here are explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • a device according to FIG. 1 is installed on a ship S, for example an escort boat of a ship association.
  • a missile FK controlled for example, by infrared radiation is located, the direction of flight FB1 of which is determined together with the flight speed and possibly the type of missile. Furthermore, a deflection direction FB2 is specified and a deflection curve AK is calculated, which can be part of a parabola, for example, one branch of which connects to the approach path FB1 and the other branch to the deflection direction FB2.
  • corresponding throwing bodies On the basis of the evaluated data, corresponding throwing bodies have to be fired from the ship S on ballistic tracks P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 in such directions and in a predetermined time sequence that the apparent targets Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 are successively on the deflection curve AK , Z5 and Z6 arise so that the missile FK is successively oriented towards these apparent targets and thereby changes its trajectory overall in such a way that it continues to fly on the deflection curve AK and is finally deflected in the deflection direction FB2.
  • the throwing bodies are preferably shot in such a way that the ballistic tracks P1 to P6 are all the same Have an elevation angle of 45 °.
  • the clouds emitting infrared radiation representing the apparent targets Z1 to Z6 lie essentially in a horizontal plane, so that the missile FK is deflected on a horizontal path.
  • the missile FK is deflected by approximately 90 ° from its approach direction.
  • six apparent targets are sufficient in the described method, for example.
  • the deflection curve AK to be built up by the six apparent targets Z1 to Z6 is designed in such a way that the missile FK can follow this curve in any case, taking into account its own maneuverability and viewing window size.
  • the deflection curve AK can also be constructed mirrored on the approach direction FB1, so that the deflection in FIG. 4 does not take place to the right but to the left.
  • FIG. 1 the launching column 4 shown in FIG. 1 is shown in somewhat more detail.
  • the throwing pillar 4 shown has a basic device 4.1, which is connected to the control device 3 in the manner shown in FIG. 1.
  • a base plate 4.2 is arranged above the basic device, on which a two-part column 4.3-4.4 is rotatably arranged in a controllable manner.
  • twelve throwing devices are arranged at an elevation angle of 45 ° in six rows arranged one above the other on the circumference.
  • On the upper part 4.4 of the column there are twelve throwing devices in three rows arranged on the circumference, which are also at an elevation angle of 45 °.
  • the throwing devices 4.31 to 4.36 arranged in the lower part 4.3 of the column serve to produce deflection curves which are intended to protect a ship's association, while the throwing bodies arranged in the upper part 4.4 of the column are intended for the self-protection of the escort ship.
  • Rows 4.31 to 4.36 and 4.41 to 4.43 can each be equipped with combined IR and radar dummy targets, which have different ranges and disassembly times. With the help of these different ranges and dismantling times, the predicted deflection curves can be produced in connection with the side-aiming of the throwing pillar and a certain firing rate by the dummy targets.
  • the deflection measure can be carried out twelve times with the lower part of the launcher column 4.3 before it is necessary to reload the launcher column.
  • the twelve groups of throwing devices, each with six different throwing bodies, are loaded from top to bottom in row 4.36 with the throwing body that has the shortest range and ending in row 4.31 with the throwing body that has the greatest range (recoil) and therefore to avoid large ones Moments close to the turntable of the thrower column is arranged.
  • the upper part 4.4 of the launcher column can be used correspondingly equipped rows 4.41 to 4.43 missiles are fired, which create false targets, which are intended to protect the escort boat itself.
  • the creation of a certain deflection curve may be dispensed with, and it is only intended to prevent the escort ship itself from being hit by the apparent targets generated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

Using the method, firstly the location, the direction and the flight speed of an oncoming missile (FK) are determined. On the basis of a given deflection direction, an open deflection curve (AK) is calculated and, using its position data, is placed in a given space in front of the target area of the missile, the one branch of which curve adjoins the oncoming trajectory (FB1) and the other branch of which adjoins the deflection direction (FB2) of the missile. Projectiles producing dummy targets (Z1...Z6) are placed and ignited in given spaces in each case at given times in such a way that the dummy targets produced are located at given temporal and spatial intervals on the deflection curve (AK) and the missile (FK) is steered towards these projectiles one after the other in such a way that its trajectory merges into the deflection curve (AK) and finally into the deflection direction (FB2). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ablenkung von durch Radar- und/oder Infrarotstrahlung gelenkten Flugkörpern, insbesondere zum Schutz von Seeschiffen und Schiffsverbänden, bei dem im oder vor dem Zielbereich des Flugkörpers Scheinziele erzeugende Wurfkörper gezün­det werden.The invention relates to a method for deflecting missiles guided by radar and / or infrared radiation, in particular for the protection of seagoing vessels and ship groups, in which projectiles producing mock targets are ignited in or in front of the target area of the missile.

Die Erfahrung der in den letzten Jahren entstandenen Konflikte hat gezeigt, daß die Bedrohung von Seeschiffen und Schiffsverbänden durch mittels Radar- und/oder Infrarotstrahlung gelenkte Flugkörpern in rasch zuneh­mender Art und Weise größer wird. Schiffe stellen gute Radar- und Infrarotziele dar. Dies ergibt sich aus ihrer metallischen Struktur einerseits und ihrer Wärmeabstrah­lung andererseits.Experience of the conflicts that have arisen in recent years has shown that the threat to ocean-going ships and ship groups from missiles guided by radar and / or infrared radiation is increasing rapidly. Ships are good radar and infrared targets. This results from their metallic structure on the one hand and their heat radiation on the other.

Es ist bekannt, zur Ablenkung von durch Radar- und/oder Infrarotstrahlung gelenkten Flugkörpern im oder vor dem Zielbereich des Flugkörpers Scheinziele erzeugende Wurfkörper zu zünden. Der anfliegende Flugkörper soll sich auf das Scheinziel ausrichten, um dadurch von dem bedrohten Schiff oder bedrohten Schiffsverband abgelenkt zu werden. Es hat sich aber gezeigt, daß diese Art der Ablenkung, insbesondere bei Schiffsverbänden, nicht immer ausreichend ist. Gerade bei relativ dicht stehen­den Schiffsverbänden ist es möglich und wahrscheinlich, daß der Flugkörper nach der Ablenkung von einem Schiff auf ein anderes Schiff aufschaltet und dieses trifft.It is known to ignite missiles which produce mock targets in order to deflect missiles guided by radar and / or infrared radiation in or in front of the target area of the missile. The approaching missile should align itself with the apparent target in order to be distracted by the threatened ship or ship association. However, it has been shown that this type of distraction is not always sufficient, especially in ship associations. It is possible and likely that the missile will switch from one ship to another and hit the ship after it has been deflected, particularly in the case of relatively tightly spaced ship groups.

Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe bestand darin, ein Verfahren der eingangs und im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Art so weiterzubilden, daß der anfliegende Flugkörper in einer vorgegebenen Ablenk­richtung abgelenkt wird, die so festgelegt werden kann, daß der Flugkörper nach seiner Ablenkung nicht mehr in der Lage ist, auf ein Ersatzziel aufzuschalten.The object underlying the invention was to develop a method of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that the approaching missile is deflected in a predetermined deflection direction, which can be determined so that the missile no longer moves after its deflection is able to switch to an alternative destination.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen aus dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentan­spruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des erfin­dungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved according to the invention with the features from the characterizing part of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are described in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit den Merkmalen aus dem Patentanspruch 6, wobei eine vorteil­hafte Ausführungsform dieser Einrichtung im Patentan­spruch 7 beschrieben ist.The invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention with the features from patent claim 6, an advantageous embodiment of this device being described in patent claim 7.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist in erster Linie zum Schutz von Schiffsverbänden gedacht, es ist aber auch zum Schutz von Einzelschiffen einsetzbar, beispielsweise in der Form, daß in Krisengebieten fahrende Schiffe, beispielsweise Tanker, mit einer Einrichtung nach der Erfindung ausgerüstet werden können, um gegen die Bedro­hung durch Flugkörper geschützt zu sein und um im Konvoi fahrende andere Tanker zu schützen.The method according to the invention is primarily intended to protect ship groups, but it can also be used to protect individual ships, for example in the form that ships in crisis areas, for example tankers, can be equipped with a device according to the invention in order to counteract the To be protected by missiles and to protect other tankers traveling in a convoy.

Bei der Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Schutz von Schiffsverbänden kann es zudem vorteilhaft sein, die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung auf unbemannten Begleitschiffen zu installieren, so daß die Ablenkung in relativ großer Entfernung vom Schiffsverband durchge­führt werden kann, wo genügend Raum zur Festlegung der Ablenkrichtungen zur Verfügung steht.When using the method according to the invention for the protection of ship groups, it may also be advantageous to install the device according to the invention on unmanned escort ships, so that the diversion can be carried out at a relatively great distance from the ship group, where there is sufficient space for fixing the direction of deflection is available.

Als Wurfkörper können herkömmliche Wurfkörper verwendet werden, welche beispielsweise zur Erzeugung eines Infra­rotscheinzieles eine bestimmte, an sich bekannte Wirk­masse enthalten, aufgrund der nach Zündung des Wurfkör­pers eine Infrarotstrahlung imitierende Wolke entsteht, die eine geringe Sinkgeschwindigkeit bei großer Strah­lungsfläche aufweist und insofern eine schiffsähnliche Charakteristik besitzt.Conventional throwing bodies can be used as throwing bodies, which, for example, for generating an infrared glow target contain a certain effective mass known per se, due to which after ignition of the throwing body an infrared radiation-imitating cloud arises which has a low sinking speed with a large radiation area and thus has a ship-like characteristic.

Zur Ablenkung von radargesteuerten Flugkörpern können Wurfkörper dienen, die eine sogenannte "Düppelwirkmasse" enthalten, die nach dem Zünden des Wurfkörpers frei wird. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, kombinier­te Wurfkörper zu verwenden, welche Scheinziele sowohl für infrarotgesteuerte als auch für radargesteuerte Flugkörper erzeugen.Throwing bodies can be used to deflect radar-controlled missiles which contain a so-called "double active mass" which is released after the firing body has been ignited. Of course, it is also possible to use combined missiles which produce false targets for both infrared-controlled and radar-controlled missiles.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist in sehr vielfältiger Weise einsetzbar. So kann beispielsweise beim Einsatz von unbemannten Begleitbooten die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung sowohl zum Schutz des Verbandes als auch zum Schutz des Begleitbootes selbst eingesetzt werden.The method according to the invention can be used in many different ways. For example, when using unmanned support boats, the device according to the invention can be used both to protect the association and to protect the support boat itself.

Infolge der Verwendung einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage ist es ohne weiteres möglich, bei der Berechnung und Positionierung der Ablenkkurve und der Festlegung der entsprechenden Steuersignale für den Abschuß der Wurf­körper Schiffsbewegungen durch entsprechende Programmie­rung zu berücksichtigen.As a result of the use of a data processing system, it is readily possible to take ship movements into account when calculating and positioning the deflection curve and determining the corresponding control signals for the firing of the projectiles by appropriate programming.

Im folgenden wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens näher erläutert.An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention and a device for carrying out the method are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in einem schematischen Prinzipschaltbild eine Einrichtung zur Ablenkung von durch Radar- und/oder Infrarotstrahlung gelenkten Flugkörpern;
  • Fig. 2 in einer stark schematisierten Seitenansicht eine Werfersäule zur Verwendung in einer Ein­richtung nach Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 eine Aufsicht auf die Werfersäule nach Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 in einer Draufsicht die Ablenkkurve bei der Ablenkung eines anfliegenden Flugkörpers;
  • Fig. 5 in einer Seitenansicht die ballistischen Kur­ven der zur Erzeugung der Ablenkkurve abge­schossenen Wurfkörper.
The drawings show:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a device for deflecting missiles guided by radar and / or infrared radiation.
  • FIG. 2 shows a highly schematic side view of a throwing pillar for use in a device according to FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of the launcher pillar of Fig. 2;
  • 4 shows a top view of the deflection curve when deflecting an approaching missile;
  • 5 shows a side view of the ballistic curves of the projectiles shot to generate the deflection curve.

Die Einrichtung zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens zur Ablenkung von durch Radar-und/oder Infrarotstrahlung ge­lenkten Flugkörpern weist, wie aus Fig. 1 zu entnehmen, grundsätzlich folgende Einzelvorrichtungen auf:As can be seen from FIG. 1, the device for carrying out a method for deflecting missiles guided by radar and / or infrared radiation basically has the following individual devices:

Eine Vorrichtung 1 zur Ortung eines Flugkörpers und zur Ermittlung seines Ortes, seiner Flugrichtung und Flugge­schwindigkeit und gegebenenfalls seiner Bauart. Diese Vorrichtung zur Ortung kann in an sich bekannter Weise ein Radargerät sowie zusätzliche Geräte, wie ein Peri­skop, ein Nachtsichtgerät und/oder ein optisches Entfer­nungsmeßgerät, enthalten. Weiterhin enthält es an sich bekannte Vorrichtungen zur Erzeugung von die ermittelten Werte repräsentierenden elektrischen Daten. Diese Daten werden einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage 2 zugeführt, die ebenfalls in an sich bekannter Weise aufgebaut ist und nach entsprechenden Programmen aufgrund einer vorgegebe­nen Ablenkrichtung für den Flugkörper eine Ablenkkurve aus den ermittelten Daten berechnet, in der Weise, wie dies weiter unten näher erläutert wird. Die Datenverar­beitungsanlage 2 erzeugt weiterhin elektrische Steuer­signale, die einer Steuervorrichtung 3 zugeführt werden, an welche eine Werfersäule 4 angeschlossen ist, die ebenfalls weiter unten näher erläutert wird. Mittels der Werfersäule 4 werden Wurfkörper abgeschossen, und zwar hinsichtlich Abschußrichtung und Schußfolge so, daß am Ende der Flugbahn der Wurfkörper nach ihrer Zündung Scheinziele entstehen, die an vorgegebenen Punkten der berechneten Ablenkkurve liegen. Die hierbei auftretenden Verhältnisse werden im folgenden anhand der Fig. 4 und 5 näher erläutert. Gemäß Fig. 4 ist auf einem Schiff S, beispielsweise einem Begleitboot eines Schiffverbandes, eine Einrichtung nach Fig. 1 installiert. Es wird ein beispielsweise durch Infrarotstrahlung gesteuerter Flugkörper FK geortet, dessen Flugrichtung FB1 zusammen mit der Fluggeschwindigkeit und gegebenenfalls dem Flugkörpertyp festgestellt werden. Weiterhin wird eine Ablenkrichtung FB2 vorgegeben und eine Ablenkkurve AK berechnet, die beispielsweise Teil einer Parabel sein kann, deren einer Ast an die Anflugbahn FB1 und deren anderer Ast an die Ablenkrichtung FB2 anschließt. Auf­grund der ausgewerteten Daten müssen entsprechende Wurfkörper vom Schiff S aus auf ballistischen Bahnen P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 und P6 in derartigen Richtungen und einer vorgegebenen Zeitfolge abgeschossen werden, daß auf der Ablenkkurve AK nacheinander die Scheinziele Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 und Z6 entstehen, so daß sich der Flugkörper FK nacheinander an diesen Scheinzielen orientiert und dabei insgesamt seine Flugbahn in der Weise ändert, daß er auf der Ablenkkurve AK weiterfliegt und schließlich in die Ablenkrichtung FB2 abgelenkt wird. Wie Fig. 5 zu entneh­men, werden die Wurfkörper vorzugsweise so abgeschossen, daß die ballistischen Bahnen P1 bis P6 alle den gleichen Elevationswinkel von 45° aufweisen. Die die Scheinziele Z1 bis Z6 darstellenden, Infrarotstrahlung abgebenden Wolken liegen im wesentlichen in einer horizontalen Ebene, so daß der Flugkörper FK auf einer horizontalen Bahn abgelenkt wird.A device 1 for locating a missile and for determining its location, its flight direction and flight speed and, if appropriate, its type. This locating device can contain, in a manner known per se, a radar device and additional devices such as a periscope, a night vision device and / or an optical distance measuring device. Furthermore, it contains devices known per se for generating electrical data representing the determined values. This data is fed to a data processing system 2, which is also constructed in a manner known per se and, based on corresponding programs, calculates a deflection curve for the missile from the determined data based on a predetermined deflection direction, in the manner in which this is explained in more detail below. The data processing system 2 also generates electrical control signals which are fed to a control device 3 to which a throwing pillar 4 is connected, which is also explained in more detail below. Throwing pillars 4 are fired by means of the throwing column 4, specifically with respect to the firing direction and firing sequence in such a way that at the end of the trajectory of the throwing body, after firing, apparent targets appear which lie at predetermined points of the calculated deflection curve. The conditions that occur here are explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. According to FIG. 4, a device according to FIG. 1 is installed on a ship S, for example an escort boat of a ship association. A missile FK controlled, for example, by infrared radiation is located, the direction of flight FB1 of which is determined together with the flight speed and possibly the type of missile. Furthermore, a deflection direction FB2 is specified and a deflection curve AK is calculated, which can be part of a parabola, for example, one branch of which connects to the approach path FB1 and the other branch to the deflection direction FB2. On the basis of the evaluated data, corresponding throwing bodies have to be fired from the ship S on ballistic tracks P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6 in such directions and in a predetermined time sequence that the apparent targets Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 are successively on the deflection curve AK , Z5 and Z6 arise so that the missile FK is successively oriented towards these apparent targets and thereby changes its trajectory overall in such a way that it continues to fly on the deflection curve AK and is finally deflected in the deflection direction FB2. As can be seen in FIG. 5, the throwing bodies are preferably shot in such a way that the ballistic tracks P1 to P6 are all the same Have an elevation angle of 45 °. The clouds emitting infrared radiation representing the apparent targets Z1 to Z6 lie essentially in a horizontal plane, so that the missile FK is deflected on a horizontal path.

Gemäß Fig. 4 wird der Flugkörper FK um etwa 90° aus seiner Anflugrichtung abgelenkt. Für eine solche Ablen­kung sind bei dem beschriebenen Verfahren beispielsweise sechs Scheinziele ausreichend. Die durch die sechs Scheinziele Z1 bis Z6 aufzubauende Ablenkkurve AK ist in ihren Werten so ausgelegt, daß der Flugkörper FK unter Berücksichtigung der ihm eigenen Manövrierfähigkeit und Sichtfenstergröße dieser Kurve auf jeden Fall folgen kann. Selbstverständlich kann in dem Beispiel nach Fig. 4 die Ablenkkurve AK auch an der Anflugrichtung FB1 gespiegelt aufgebaut werden, so daß die Ablenkung in Fig. 4 nicht nach rechts, sondern nach links erfolgt.4, the missile FK is deflected by approximately 90 ° from its approach direction. For such a distraction, six apparent targets are sufficient in the described method, for example. The deflection curve AK to be built up by the six apparent targets Z1 to Z6 is designed in such a way that the missile FK can follow this curve in any case, taking into account its own maneuverability and viewing window size. Of course, in the example according to FIG. 4, the deflection curve AK can also be constructed mirrored on the approach direction FB1, so that the deflection in FIG. 4 does not take place to the right but to the left.

In den Fig. 2 und 3 ist die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Werfersäule 4 etwas ausführlicher dargestellt.2 and 3, the launching column 4 shown in FIG. 1 is shown in somewhat more detail.

Die dargestellte Werfersäule 4 besitzt ein Grundgerät 4.1, das in der aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen Weise an die Steuervorrichtung 3 angeschlossen ist. Oberhalb des Grundgerätes ist eine Grundplatte 4.2 angeordnet, auf der eine zweiteilige Säule 4.3-4.4 in steuerbarer Weise drehbar angeordnet ist. Am unteren Teil 4.3 der Säule sind in sechs übereinander angeordneten Reihen am Umfang jeweils zwölf Wurfgeräte unter einem Erhöhungswinkel von 45° angeordnet. Am oberen Teil 4.4 der Säule befinden sich in drei am Umfang angeordneten Reihen noch einmal jeweils zwölf Wurfgeräte, die ebenfalls unter einem Erhöhungswinkel von 45° stehen.The throwing pillar 4 shown has a basic device 4.1, which is connected to the control device 3 in the manner shown in FIG. 1. A base plate 4.2 is arranged above the basic device, on which a two-part column 4.3-4.4 is rotatably arranged in a controllable manner. At the lower part 4.3 of the column, twelve throwing devices are arranged at an elevation angle of 45 ° in six rows arranged one above the other on the circumference. On the upper part 4.4 of the column there are twelve throwing devices in three rows arranged on the circumference, which are also at an elevation angle of 45 °.

Die im unteren Teil 4.3 der Säule angeordneten Wurfgerä­te 4.31 bis 4.36 dienen zur Herstellung von Ablenkkur­ven, die zum Schutz eines Schiffsverbandes gedacht sind, während die im oberen Teil 4.4 der Säule angeordneten Wurfkörper zum Selbstschutz des Begleitschiffes gedacht sind.The throwing devices 4.31 to 4.36 arranged in the lower part 4.3 of the column serve to produce deflection curves which are intended to protect a ship's association, while the throwing bodies arranged in the upper part 4.4 of the column are intended for the self-protection of the escort ship.

Die Reihen 4.31 bis 4.36 sowie 4.41 bis 4.43 können jeweils mit kombinierten IR- und Radar-Scheinzielwurf­körpern bestückt werden, die unterschiedliche Reichwei­ten und Zerlegungszeiten besitzen. Mit Hilfe dieser unterschiedlichen Reichweiten und Zerlegungszeiten lassen sich in Verbindung mit dem Seitenrichten der Werfersäule und einer bestimmten Abfeuerkadenz durch die Scheinziele die vorausberechneten Ablenkkurven her­stellen.Rows 4.31 to 4.36 and 4.41 to 4.43 can each be equipped with combined IR and radar dummy targets, which have different ranges and disassembly times. With the help of these different ranges and dismantling times, the predicted deflection curves can be produced in connection with the side-aiming of the throwing pillar and a certain firing rate by the dummy targets.

Wenn zur Herstellung einer Ablenkkurve, die einen an­fliegenden Flugkörper auf 90° ablenkt, sechs Scheinziele benötigt werden, kann die Ablenkmaßnahme mit dem unteren Teil der Werfersäule 4.3 zwölfmal durchgeführt werden, bevor ein neues Laden der Werfersäule erforderlich wird. Das Laden der zwölf Wurfgerätegruppen mit je sechs unterschiedlichen Wurfkörpern erfolgt von oben nach unten beginnend in Reihe 4.36 mit dem Wurfkörper, der die geringste Reichweite besitzt und endend in Reihe 4.31 mit dem Wurfkörper, der die größte Reichweite (Rückstoß) besitzt und deshalb zur Vermeidung großer Momente nahe am Drehkranz der Werfersäule angeordnet wird.If six false targets are required to produce a deflection curve that deflects an approaching missile to 90 °, the deflection measure can be carried out twelve times with the lower part of the launcher column 4.3 before it is necessary to reload the launcher column. The twelve groups of throwing devices, each with six different throwing bodies, are loaded from top to bottom in row 4.36 with the throwing body that has the shortest range and ending in row 4.31 with the throwing body that has the greatest range (recoil) and therefore to avoid large ones Moments close to the turntable of the thrower column is arranged.

Wenn sich die Ablenkung eines Flugkörpers als erfolglos erweist und das Begleitboot selbst in Gefahr gerät, können mit dem oberen Teil 4.4 der Werfersäule aus den entsprechend bestückten Reihen 4.41 bis 4.43 Wurfkörper abgeschossen werden, die Scheinziele erzeugen, welche zum Schutz des Begleitbootes selbst gedacht sind. In diesem Fall wird gegebenenfalls auf die Herstellung einer bestimmten Ablenkkurve verzichtet und es soll durch die erzeugten Scheinziele nur verhindert werden, daß das Begleitschiff selbst getroffen wird.If the deflection of a missile proves to be unsuccessful and the escort boat itself is at risk, the upper part 4.4 of the launcher column can be used correspondingly equipped rows 4.41 to 4.43 missiles are fired, which create false targets, which are intended to protect the escort boat itself. In this case, the creation of a certain deflection curve may be dispensed with, and it is only intended to prevent the escort ship itself from being hit by the apparent targets generated.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zur Ablenkung von durch Radar- und/oder Infra­rotstrahlung gelenkten Flugkörpern, insbesondere zum Schutz von Seeschiffen und Schiffsverbänden, bei dem im oder vor dem Zielbereich des Flugkörpers Scheinziele erzeugende Wurfkörper gezündet werden, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Verfahrensschritte: a) Es werden der Ort, die Richtung und die Flug­geschwindigkeit eines anfliegenden Flugkörpers bestimmt; b) es wird aufgrund einer vorgegebenen Ablenk­richtung eine offene Ablenkkurve berechnet und mit ihren Positionsdaten in einen vor­gegebenen Raumbereich vor dem Zielbereich des Flugkörpers gelegt, deren einer Ast an die Anflugbahn und deren anderer Ast an die Ablenkrichtung des Flugkörpers anschließt; c) es werden jeweils zu vorgegebenen Zeitpunkten in vorgegebenen Raumbereichen Wurfkörper plaziert und gezündet, derart, daß die erzeugten Scheinziele in vorgegebenen zeitlichen und räum­lichen Abständen auf der Ablenkkurve liegen und vom Flugkörper nacheinander so angesteuert wer­den, daß seine Flugbahn in die Ablenkkurve und schließlich in die Ablenkrichtung übergeht. 1. A method for the deflection of missiles guided by radar and / or infrared radiation, in particular for the protection of seagoing vessels and ship groups, in which projectiles producing apparent targets are ignited in or in front of the target area of the missile, characterized by the following method steps: a) The location, the direction and the flight speed of an approaching missile are determined; b) an open deflection curve is calculated on the basis of a predetermined deflection direction and placed with its position data in a predetermined spatial area in front of the target area of the missile, one branch of which connects to the approach path and the other branch to the deflection direction of the missile; c) there are throwing bodies at predetermined times in predetermined spatial areas placed and detonated in such a way that the apparent targets are on the deflection curve at predetermined time and spatial intervals and are controlled by the missile one after the other in such a way that its trajectory merges into the deflection curve and finally into the deflection direction. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkkurve eine Parabel ist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflection curve is a parabola. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Ablenkkurve im wesentlichen in einer horizontalen Ebene liegt und die Wurfkörper auf balli­stischen Bahnen in einer vorgegebenen Reihenfolge auf einzelne Punkte der Ablenkkurve gebracht und dort gezün­det werden.3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the deflection curve lies substantially in a horizontal plane and the throwing body on ballistic tracks in a predetermined order brought to individual points of the deflection curve and ignited there. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wurfkörper von einem Punkt aus unter einem Elevationswinkel von 45° abgeschossen werden.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the projectiles are shot from a point at an elevation angle of 45 °. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 zum Schutz von Schiffsverbänden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wurfkörper von einem unbemannten Begleitschiff aus abgeschossen werden.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for the protection of ship groups, characterized in that the projectiles are shot from an unmanned escort ship. 6. Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, gekennzeichnet durch eine Vorrichtung (1) zur Ortung eines Flugkörpers und zur Ermittlung seines Ortes, seiner Flugrichtung und Flugge­schwindigkeit, sowie zur Erzeugung von die ermittelten Werte repräsentierenden elektrischen Daten, welche an eine Datenverarbeitungsanlage (2) angeschlossen ist zur Berechnung einer Ablenkkurve (AK) aus den ermittelten Daten, sowie zur Erzeugung von Steuersignalen, die einer Steuervorrichtung (3) zugeführt werden, an welche minde­stens eine hinsichtlich Abschußrichtung und Abschußfolge steuerbare Werfersäule (4) zum Abschuß von Wurfkörpern angeschlossen ist.6. Device for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a device (1) for locating a missile and for determining its location, its flight direction and flight speed, and for generating electrical data representing the determined values, which are a data processing system (2) is connected to calculate a deflection curve (AK) from the determined Data, as well as for the generation of control signals, which are fed to a control device (3) to which at least one launcher column (4) which is controllable with regard to the firing direction and firing sequence is connected for firing projectiles. 7. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die drehbare Werfersäule (4) an ihrem Umfang eine vorgegebene Anzahl von Wurfgeräten (W) aufweist, die in mehreren Reihen (4.31 bis 4.36, 4.41 bis 4.43) überein­ander angeordnet sind und jeweils einen Erhöhungswinkel von 45° aufweisen, wobei das Seitenrichten der Werfer­säule (4) durch vorgegebene Drehung sowie die Abschußka­denz von der Steuervorrichtung (3) aus erfolgt und die Reichweite jedes Wurfkörpers durch seine Treibladung festgelegt und die Zerlegungszeit jeweils am Wurfkörper eingestellt ist.7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the rotatable throwing pillar (4) has on its circumference a predetermined number of throwing devices (W) which are arranged in several rows (4.31 to 4.36, 4.41 to 4.43) one above the other and each have an angle of increase of 45 °, the lateral direction of the throwing pillar (4) being effected by a predetermined rotation and the firing rate from the control device (3) and the range of each throwing body being determined by its propellant charge and the disassembly time being set on the throwing body.
EP87104219A 1986-04-11 1987-03-21 Method of deceiving radar or infrared-guided missiles, particularly for boats and naval units, and apparatus therefor Expired - Lifetime EP0240819B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863612183 DE3612183A1 (en) 1986-04-11 1986-04-11 METHOD FOR DEFLECTING FLIGHT BODIES STEERED BY RADAR AND / OR INFRARED RADIATION, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PROTECTION OF SEA SHIPS AND SHIPPING APPLICATIONS, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
DE3612183 1986-04-11

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EP0240819A2 true EP0240819A2 (en) 1987-10-14
EP0240819A3 EP0240819A3 (en) 1989-03-22
EP0240819B1 EP0240819B1 (en) 1993-09-15

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DE4115384A1 (en) * 1991-05-10 1992-11-12 Buck Chem Tech Werke METHOD FOR PROTECTING IRRADIATED OBJECTS AND TOUCH BODIES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
EP0597233A1 (en) * 1992-11-11 1994-05-18 Buck Werke GmbH & Co Method of producing a decay object
DE4437729C1 (en) * 1994-10-21 1996-04-25 Buck Chem Tech Werke Method for protecting objects emitting IR radiation, in particular ships, against missiles
EP0811853A1 (en) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-10 ETAT FRANCAIS représenté par le DELEGUE GENERAL pour L'ARMEMENT Method for steering and protecting a ship
FR2780774A1 (en) * 1998-07-03 2000-01-07 Alkan Sa PASSIVE SELF-PROTECTION DEVICE FOR MOBILE MACHINE SUCH AS A HELICOPTER
GB2374134A (en) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-09 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Method and apparatus for the protection of mobile military facilities
WO2003081167A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-02 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for protecting an object
WO2003093757A1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-13 Raytheon Company Method for protecting an aircraft against a threat that utilizes an infrared sensor
EP1128152A3 (en) * 2000-02-23 2004-05-19 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH &amp; Co. KG Launcher system for smoke or explosive charges which is mounted on a fighting vehicle
WO2005033616A1 (en) * 2003-10-02 2005-04-14 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Method and device for protecting ships against end-stage guided missiles
DE102004005105A1 (en) * 2004-02-02 2005-09-01 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Object protection system and method for protecting objects
EP1746381A1 (en) 2005-07-18 2007-01-24 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Device and method for protection against missiles and use of a laser device

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FR2840977B1 (en) 2002-06-12 2004-09-03 Giat Ind Sa DEVICE AND MUNITION FOR PROTECTING A VEHICLE OR A FIXED PLATFORM AGAINST A THREAT
DE102006017107A1 (en) 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Oerlikon Contraves Ag Protective device for a stationary and/or mobile radar to protect from anti-radiation missile attack comprises a decoy body or emitter formed as passive bodies radiated by a radar and reflecting the beams from the body
DE102011014599B4 (en) * 2011-03-22 2016-12-08 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg A method of protecting an object from attack by an approaching flying object
DE102011052616A1 (en) * 2011-03-28 2012-10-04 Peter Huber Apparatus and method for defending a target object against at least one attacking missile
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Cited By (19)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4115384A1 (en) * 1991-05-10 1992-11-12 Buck Chem Tech Werke METHOD FOR PROTECTING IRRADIATED OBJECTS AND TOUCH BODIES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
EP0597233A1 (en) * 1992-11-11 1994-05-18 Buck Werke GmbH & Co Method of producing a decay object
DE4437729C1 (en) * 1994-10-21 1996-04-25 Buck Chem Tech Werke Method for protecting objects emitting IR radiation, in particular ships, against missiles
EP0811853A1 (en) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-10 ETAT FRANCAIS représenté par le DELEGUE GENERAL pour L'ARMEMENT Method for steering and protecting a ship
FR2749669A1 (en) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-12 France Etat METHOD FOR DRIVING AND PROTECTING A VESSEL
FR2780774A1 (en) * 1998-07-03 2000-01-07 Alkan Sa PASSIVE SELF-PROTECTION DEVICE FOR MOBILE MACHINE SUCH AS A HELICOPTER
WO2000002000A1 (en) * 1998-07-03 2000-01-13 Alkan Passive fail-safe device for mobile craft such as a helicopter
EP1128152A3 (en) * 2000-02-23 2004-05-19 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH &amp; Co. KG Launcher system for smoke or explosive charges which is mounted on a fighting vehicle
FR2823296A1 (en) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-11 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING MOBILE MILITARY FACILITIES
GB2374134A (en) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-09 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Method and apparatus for the protection of mobile military facilities
GB2374134B (en) * 2001-04-04 2004-09-15 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Method and apparatus for the protection of mobile military facilities
WO2003081167A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-02 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for protecting an object
WO2003093757A1 (en) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-13 Raytheon Company Method for protecting an aircraft against a threat that utilizes an infrared sensor
AU2003223737B2 (en) * 2002-05-03 2006-07-06 Raytheon Company Method for protecting an aircraft against a threat that utilizes an infrared sensor
WO2005033616A1 (en) * 2003-10-02 2005-04-14 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Method and device for protecting ships against end-stage guided missiles
US7886646B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2011-02-15 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Method and apparatus for protecting ships against terminal phase-guided missiles
DE102004005105A1 (en) * 2004-02-02 2005-09-01 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Object protection system and method for protecting objects
EP1746381A1 (en) 2005-07-18 2007-01-24 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Device and method for protection against missiles and use of a laser device
DE102005034613B3 (en) * 2005-07-18 2007-03-29 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Anti-missile defense device, anti-missile defense method and use of a laser device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3787391D1 (en) 1993-10-21
EP0240819B1 (en) 1993-09-15
EP0240819A3 (en) 1989-03-22
DE3612183A1 (en) 1987-10-22

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