Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/75—Amino oxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic

Definitions

• the present invention relates to aqueous liquid detergent compositions and to the use of same in the laundering of fabric materials in general and, in particular, to the laundering under relatively mild washing conditions of fine fabric materials such as nylon, polyester, wool, silk, and the like.
• Alkyl giycoside materials such as, for example, higher alkyl monoglycosides and higher alkyl polyglycosides are known materials; are known, at least in certain circumstances, to function as nonionic surfactants; and have been suggested as being suitable for use in certain specially formulated detergent composi ⁇ tions. See in this regard, for example. Published European Patent Application Numbers 0070074; 0070075; 0070076; and 0070077, all of which published on January 19, 1983 as well as Published European Patent Applica ⁇ tion Numbers 0076994; 0076995; and 0075996 which published on April 6, 1983.
• Patent 4 ,493 ,773 (issued January 15 , 1985 ) which discloses laundry detergent compositions which contain a conventional nonionic detergent surfactant, an al kylpolyglycoside detergent surfactant and a quaternary ammonium cationic fabric softening surfactant and which are said to be capable of including a wide variety of conventional laundry detergent additives such as relatively small amounts of detergent builders , detergency cosurfactants such as trialkyl amine oxides , solvents such as ethanol , and the like.
• the various glycoside surfactant-containing laundry detergent compositions suggested to date generally involve the use of said glycoside surfactant in combination with various anionic surfactant materials and/or with various conventional non-glycosidic ethoxylated nonionic surfactant materials and/or in conjunction with one or more of a variety of detergent builder ingredients .
• glycoside surfactant-based detergent compositions can be suitably prepared by properly formulating one or more glycoside surfactants with certain antistatic amine oxide surfactants in the absence of (or at least substantial ly in the absence of) conventionally employed laundry detergent ingredients such as anionic surfactant ingredients , non-glycosidic ethoxylated nonionic surfactant ingredients and conven ⁇ tional detergent bui lder materials .
• the present i nvention in one of its aspects , is a substantial ly bui lder-free fine fabric laundry detergent composition which comprises , on a total composition weight basis : a . from about 10 to about 70 weight percent of a surfactant component which consists essential ly of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant, the weight ratio of the glycoside surfactant to the amine oxide surfactant being from about 1 : 3 to about 10 : 1 ; and b . from about 30 to about 90 weight percent water.
• Another aspect of the present invention involves the use of the above-described detergent composition in a fabric laundering operation in which said detergent composition is di luted with water to normal laundry usage levels (typical ly about 1 / 4 cup of the above-stated composition in from about 5 to about 1 5 gallons of wash water) and is then employed to wash or launder soiled clothing or other soi led fabric materials.
• normal laundry usage levels typically about 1 / 4 cup of the above-stated composition in from about 5 to about 1 5 gallons of wash water
• this latter embodiment is essential ly a process for laundering soiled fabric materials , said process comprising immersing said fabric material , with at least mild agitation , in a substantially builder-free washing medium comprising , on a total washing medium weight basis , from about 200 part per million to about 1250 part per mi llion of a surfactant component consisting essentially of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant in a glycoside surfactant to amine oxide surfactant weight ratio of from about 1 : 3 to about 10 : 1 .
• composition and process of the present invention are especially well suited to and beneficial for the laundering under relatively mild washing conditions
• fine fabric materials such as silk , nylon , polyester and wool .
• the aforementioned antistatic amine oxide surfactant materials provide , at a given usage level of same , substantial ly more pronounced or enhanced antistatic control within the subject glycoside surfactant-based formulations than they do in comparable compositions wherein conventional ethoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactants are employed in place of said glycoside surfactant component.
• Glycoside surfactants suitable for use in the practice of the present invention include those of the formula: RO(R'0) fZ) v A y ⁇ wherein R is a monovalent organic radical (e.g., a monovalent saturated aliphatic, unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic radical such as alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl, hydroxyalkylaryl , arylalkyl, alkenylaryl, arylalkenyl, etc.) containing from about 6 to about 30 (preferably from about 8 to about 18 and more preferably from about 9 to about 13) carbon atoms; R' is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene or butylene (most preferably the unit (R'O) represents repeating units of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or random or block combinations thereof); y is a number having an average value of from 0 to
• Glycoside surfactants of the sort mentioned above, and various preferred subgenera thereof, are described in U. S. Patent 4,483,779 to Llenado et al (issued November 20, 1984) the discussion and descrip ⁇ tion of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
• Glycoside surfactants suitable for use herein also include those of the Formula A above in which one or more of the normally free (i.e., unreacted hydroxyl groups of the saccharide moiety, Z, have been alkoxyiated (preferably, ethoxylated or propoxylated) so as to attach one or more pendant alkoxy or poly (alkoxy) groups in place thereof.
• the amount of alkylene oxide (e.g., ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, etc.) employed will typically range from abut 1 to about 20 (preferably from about 3 to about 10) moles thereof per mole of saccharide moiety within the Formula A glycoside material.
• the RO(R O) group is generally bonded or attached to the number 1 carbon atom of the saccharide moiety, Z.
• the free hydroxyls available for alkoxylation are typically those in the number 2, 3, 4 and 6 positions in 6-carbon atom saccharides and those in the number 2, 3 and 4 positions in 5-carbon atom saccharide species.
• the number 2 position hydroxyls in 5-carbon saccharides, and the number 2 and 6 position hydroxyls in 6-carbon saccharides are substantially more reactive or susceptible to alkoxylation than those in the number 3 and 4 positions. Accordingly, alkoxylation will usually occur in the former locations in preference to the latter. Examples of the indicated alkoxyiated glycoside materials, and of method ⁇ ology suitable for the preparation of same, are described in United States Patent Application Serial No. 06/704,828 filed February 22, 1985 by Roth et al.
• Glycoside surfactants especially preferred for use herein include those of the Formula A above wherein R is an alkyl group containing from about 8 to 18 (especially from about 9 to about 13) carbon atoms; y is zero; Z is glucose or a moiety derived therefrom; and x has an average value of from 1.5 to about 5 (especially from about 1.5 to about 3).
• Glycoside surfactants of particular interest for use in the practice of the present invention preferably have a hydrophil ic-l ipophi l ic balance ( H LB ) in the range of from about 10 to about 18 and most preferably in the range of from about 12 to about 14.
• Amine oxide surfactants suitable for use herein include:
• amine oxides 1 to about 6 carbon atoms and is preferably methyl or ethyl .
• amine oxides are lauryl dimethyl amine oxide; myristyl dimethyl amine oxide; stearyl dimethyl amine oxide; mixed long chain amine oxides such as lauryl /myristyl dimethyl amine oxide, dimethyl cocoamine oxide , dimethyl (hydrogenated tal low) amine oxide, myristyl /palmityl dimethyl amine oxide, etc. ; and the l ike.
• the total amount of surfactant ingredient employed in the compositions hereof is typical ly in the range of from about 10 to about 70 ( preferably from about 15 to about 40 and most preferably from about 15 to about 30) weight percent on a total composition weight basis.
• said surfactant ingredient consists essential ly of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant in a glycoside to amine oxide weight ratio of from about 1:3 to about 10:1. Said ratio is preferably from about 3:1 to about 10:1 and is more preferably from about 3:1 to about 6:1.
• the water content of the subject detergent compositions is typically from about 30 to about 90 weight percent and is preferably from about 60 to about 85 (and most preferably from about 70 to about 85) weight percent, said ranges all being stated on a total composition weight basis.
• compositions hereof are typically employed in actual laundering operations by diluting approximately a quarter cup of same with from 5 to 15 gallons of wash water and using same in such diluted form to launder clothing or other textile fabric articles in the usual fashion.
• the surfactant ingredient concentration within the diluted wash water is typically from about 200 to about 1250 ppm on a total wash water weight basis.
• the manner in which the detergent composi ⁇ tions hereof are prepared or formulated is not particu ⁇ larly critical and such can be readily accomplished in any convenient fashion as may be desired in a given instance.
• glycoside and amine oxide surfactant ingredients are conveniently prepared, purchased or otherwise obtained in the form of relatively concentrated (e.g., 40 to 80 weight percent active) aqueous solutions of same and it is therefore generally convenient to admix them together (in the desired active ingredient ratios or proportion) in that form and to thereafter dilute the resulting mixture ( if and when necessary or desired ) with water to the desired total active surfactant ingredient content.
• compositions can optionally (and frequently wil l desirably) contain relatively minor amounts , typically less than about 5 ( more typically less than about 2 and most typical ly less than about 1 ) weight percent (total composition weight basis) of the usual types of non-builder , non-surfactant auxiliary ingredients as are commonly or customarily employed in conventional laundry detergent compositions such as , for example , perfumes; optical brighteners; pearlescing agents; colorants; viscosifying agents; and the like.
• a series of fine fabric detergent compositions are prepared by dissolving a
• ⁇ l -13 a " ⁇ - ' polyglucoside surfactant having a degree of polymerization of about 2.5 (APG 23-3 ) and an amine oxide surfactant, specifically stearyl dimethyl amine oxide, in water and the resulting compositions are then evaluated for cleaning and/or static control effectiveness in the laundering of wool , polyester and nylon fabric materials.
• the total surfactant ingredient content of the compositions prepared and tested is about 20 weight percent on a total composition weight basis and the APG : amine oxide ratio employed therein is as shown in Table A below .
• experimental formulations are also prepared and evaluated in which there is employed as the surfactant ingredient: the APG alone; a l inear al kyl ethoxylate ( LAE) alone ( i . e. , an ethoxylated O- 2 _ ⁇ 5 fatty alcohol , 7 moles ethylene oxide per mole fatty alcohol ) ; and the LAE in combination with the amine oxide.
• LAE l inear al kyl ethoxylate
• the cleaning effectiveness is determined with a Tergotometer apparatus using a 1 0 minute wash cycle at a water temperature of 85°F ( 29.4°C) a water hardness of 120 ppm and an agitator speed of 75 rpm .
• the static electricity build-up is quantitatively determined using a Simco Electrostatic Locator , Model SS2 and is qualita ⁇ tively evaluated by observing the degree of "static cling" exhibited by the laundered fabric upon removal from the dryer.
• Example Surfactant 2 3 Level Build up (Volts) Degree of Number Ingredient ' ' (ppm) Wool Nylon Polyester Nylon Polyester Static Cling
• APG 23-3 C, ? , alkyl polyglucoside having an average degree of polymerization (D.P.) of about 2.5.
• LAE An ethoxylated C, ? ,-- fatty alcohol (7 moles ethylene oxide per mole of fatty alcohol).
• the anti ⁇ static amine oxide surfactant provides notably better static control when used in conjunction with the glucoside surfactant than it does when used with the conventional ethoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactant material .

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• 1986
  • 1986-09-17 CA CA000518417A patent/CA1280664C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1986-09-19 DE DE8686906122T patent/DE3675383D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1986-09-19 WO PCT/US1986/001959 patent/WO1987002051A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1986-09-19 JP JP50532186A patent/JPS63501642A/ja active Pending
  • 1986-09-19 EP EP19860906122 patent/EP0238635B1/de not_active Expired

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