CA1280664C - Nonionic fine fabric detergent composition - Google Patents
Nonionic fine fabric detergent compositionInfo
- Publication number
- CA1280664C CA1280664C CA000518417A CA518417A CA1280664C CA 1280664 C CA1280664 C CA 1280664C CA 000518417 A CA000518417 A CA 000518417A CA 518417 A CA518417 A CA 518417A CA 1280664 C CA1280664 C CA 1280664C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- surfactant
- amine oxide
- detergent composition
- glycoside
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/75—Amino oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Substantially builder-free fine fabric detergent compositions are provided which comprise an aqueous solution containing from about 10 to about 70 weight percent of a surfactant mixture consisting essentially of a 1:3 to about 10:1 weight ratio combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to aqueous liquid detergent compositions and to the use of same in the laundering of fabric materials in general and, in particular, to the laundering under relatively mild washing conditions of fine fabric materials such as nylon, polyester, wool, silk, and the like.
. Alkyl glycoside materials such as, for example, higher alkyl monoglycosides and higher alkyl 10 polyglycosides are known materials; are known, at least in certain circumstances, to function as nonionic surfactants; and have been suggested as being suitable for use in certain specially formulated detergent composi-tions. See in this regard, for example, Published 15 European Patent Application Numbers 0070074; 0070075;
0070076 and 0070077, all of which published on January 19, 1983 as well as Published European Patent Applica-tion Numbers 0076994; 0076995; and 0075996 which published on April 6, 1983. See also Published European 20 Patent Application Number 0105556 (published April 18, 1984) which discloses liquicl detergent compositions containing anionic surfactants, alkypolyylycoside surfactants, selected nonionic surfaclants and opt:ionally also containing various othl!r ingredients such as suds 25 stabilizing amine oxide surfactants, cletergent builder materials, and the lil<e; Published European Patent Application Number 0106692 (published April 25, 1984) which discloses stable heavy-duty liquid detergent compositions containing a mixture of an ethoxylated fatty 30 alcohol nonionic surfactant, an alkylpolyglycoside surfactant and a quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant in conjunction with a polyethylene glycol compound and a wide variety of potential conventional laundry detergent 6~4 additives; and U.S. Patent 4,493,773 (issued January 15, 1985) which discloses laundry detergent compositions which contain a conventional nonionic detergent surfactant, an alkylpolyglycoside detergent surfactant 5 and a quaternary ammonium cationic fabric softening surfactant and which are said to be capable of including a wide variety of conventional laundry detergent additives such as relatively small amounts of detergent builders, deteryency cosurfactants such as trialkyl amine 10 oxides, solvents such as ethanol, and the like.
i~s is reflected within the prior art references noted above, the various ylycoside surfactant-containing laundry detergent cornpositions suggested to date generally involve the use of said glycoside surfactant in 15 combination with varlous anionic surfactant materials and/or with various conventicnal non-glycosidic ethoxylated nonionic surfactant materials and/or in conjunction with one or more of a variety of detergent builder ingredients.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that certain especially beneficial end-use-specific glycoside surfactant-based detergent 5 compositions can be suitably prepared by properly formulating one or more glycoside surfactants with certain antistatic amine oxide surfactants in the absence of (or at least substantially in the absence of) conventionally employed laundry detergent ingredients 10 such as anionic surfactant ingredients, non-glycosidic ethoxylated nonionic surfactant ingredients and conven-tional detergent builder materials.
Thus, the present invention, in one of its aspects, is a substantially builder-free fine fabric 15 laundry detergent composition which comprises, on a total composition weight basis:
a. from about 10 to about 70 weight percent of a surfactant component which consists essential Iy of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant, the weight ratio of the glycoskle surfactarlt to the amine oxide surfactant being from about 1:3 to about 10:1; and b. from about 30 to about 90 weight percent water .
Another aspect of the present invention involves the use of the above-described detergent composition in a fabric laundering operation in which 30 said detergent composition is diluted with water to normal laundry usage levels (typically about 1/4 cup of the above-stated composition in from about 5 to about 15 gal lons of wash water ) and is then employed to wash or 128~)66~
launder soiled clothing or other soiled fabric materials.
More specifically stated, this latter embodiment is essentially a process for laundering soiled fabric J materials, said process comprising immersing said fabric material, with at least mild agitation, in a substantially builder-free washing medium comprising, on a total washing medium weight basis, from about 200 part per million to about 1250 part per milllon of a surfactant component consisting essential Iy of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant in a glycoside surfactant to amine oxide surfactant weight ratio of from about 1:3 to about 10:1.
The composition and process of the present invention are especially well suited to and beneficial for the laundering under relatively mild washing conditions (e.g., mild or gentle machine agitation or hand washing and at low or cold wash water temperature) of fine fabric materials such as silk, nylon, polyester and wool.
It is a particularly noteworthy feature or benefit of the present invention that the aforementioned antistatic amine oxide surfactant materials provide, at a given usage level of same, substantially rnore pronounced or enhanced antistatic control within the subject glycosicle surfactant-based formulations than they do in comparable compositions wherein conventional ethoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactants are employed in place of said glycoside surfactant component.
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DETAILD DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
- Glycoside surfactants suitable for use in the practice of the present invention include those of the formula:
RO( R'O)y(Z)X A
wherein R is a monovalent organic radical (e.g., a monovalent saturated aliphatic, unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic radical such as alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl, hydroxyalkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkenylaryl, arylalkenyl, etc. ) containing from about 6 to about 30 (preferably from about 8 to about 18 and more preferably from about 9 to about 13l carbon atoms; R' is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing frorn 2 to about 4 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene or butylene (most preferably the unit (R'O)y represents repeating units of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or random or block combinations thereof); y is a number having an avera~3e value of from 0 to about 12;
Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms (most preferably a glucose unit); and x is a number having an average value of from 1 to about 10 (preferably from 1.5 to about 10 and more preferably from about 1.5 to about 5) .
Glycoside surfactants of the sort mentioned above, and various preferred subgenera thereof, are described in U. S. Patent 4,483,779 to Llenado et al ( issued November 20, 1984) .
Glycoside surfactants suitable for use herein 3n also include those of the Formula A above in which one or more of the normally free (i.e., unreacted hydroxyl groups of the saccharide moiety, Z, have been A
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alkoxylated (preferably, ethoxylated vr propoxylated~ so as to attach one or more pendant alkoxy or poly (alkoxyl groups in piace thereof. In such event, the amount of alkylenq oxide (e.g., ethylene oxide, 5 propylene oxide, etc.) employed will typically range from abut 1 to about 20 (preferably from about 3 to about 10) moles thereof per mole of saccharide moiety within the Formula A glycoside material.
In glycosides of the Formula A above, the 10 RO(R1O1y group is generally bonded or attached to the number 1 carbon atom of the saccharide moiety, Z.
Accordingly, the free hydroxyls available for alkoxylatlon are typically those in the number 2, 3, 4 and 6 positions in 6-carbon atom saccharides and those 15 in the number 2, 3 and 4 positions in 5-carbon atom saccharide species. Typically, the number 2 position hydroxyls in 5-carbon saccharides, and the number 2 and 6 position hydroxyls in 6-carbon saccharides, are substantially more reactive or susceptible to alkoxylation 20 than those in the number 3 and 4 positions.
Accordingly, alkoxylation will usually occur in the former locations in preference to the latter.
Glycoside surfactants especially preferred for use hereln include those of the Formula A above wherein 25 R is an alkyl group containing from about 8 to 18 (especially from about 9 to about 13) carbon atoms; y is zero; X is glucose or a moiety derived therefrom; and x has an average value of from t.5 to about 5 (especially frcm about 1.5 to about 3).
A
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Glycoside surfactants of particular interest for use in the practice of the present invention preferably have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) in the range of from about 10 to about 18 and most preferably in the range of from about 12 to about 14.
Amine oxide surfactants suitable for use herein include:
(l ) Higher alkyl or alkenyl di (lower alkyl) amine oxides in which the higher alkyl or l O alkenyl group is either branched or straight cahin and contains from about 8 to about 22 (preferably from about 12 to about 18 and more preferably from about 16 to about 18 ) carbon atoms and in which the lower alkyl group contains from to about 6 carbon atoms and is preferably methyl or ethyl. Exemplary of such amine oxides are lauryl dimethyl amine oxide myristyl dimethyl amine oxide; stearyl dimethyl amine oxide;
mixed long chain amine oxides such as lauryl/myristyl dimethyl amine oxide, dimcthyl cocoamirle oxide, climethyl (hydrogenated lallow) amine oxide, myristyl/palmityl dimethyl amine oxide, etc.; and the like.
The present invention relates to aqueous liquid detergent compositions and to the use of same in the laundering of fabric materials in general and, in particular, to the laundering under relatively mild washing conditions of fine fabric materials such as nylon, polyester, wool, silk, and the like.
. Alkyl glycoside materials such as, for example, higher alkyl monoglycosides and higher alkyl 10 polyglycosides are known materials; are known, at least in certain circumstances, to function as nonionic surfactants; and have been suggested as being suitable for use in certain specially formulated detergent composi-tions. See in this regard, for example, Published 15 European Patent Application Numbers 0070074; 0070075;
0070076 and 0070077, all of which published on January 19, 1983 as well as Published European Patent Applica-tion Numbers 0076994; 0076995; and 0075996 which published on April 6, 1983. See also Published European 20 Patent Application Number 0105556 (published April 18, 1984) which discloses liquicl detergent compositions containing anionic surfactants, alkypolyylycoside surfactants, selected nonionic surfaclants and opt:ionally also containing various othl!r ingredients such as suds 25 stabilizing amine oxide surfactants, cletergent builder materials, and the lil<e; Published European Patent Application Number 0106692 (published April 25, 1984) which discloses stable heavy-duty liquid detergent compositions containing a mixture of an ethoxylated fatty 30 alcohol nonionic surfactant, an alkylpolyglycoside surfactant and a quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant in conjunction with a polyethylene glycol compound and a wide variety of potential conventional laundry detergent 6~4 additives; and U.S. Patent 4,493,773 (issued January 15, 1985) which discloses laundry detergent compositions which contain a conventional nonionic detergent surfactant, an alkylpolyglycoside detergent surfactant 5 and a quaternary ammonium cationic fabric softening surfactant and which are said to be capable of including a wide variety of conventional laundry detergent additives such as relatively small amounts of detergent builders, deteryency cosurfactants such as trialkyl amine 10 oxides, solvents such as ethanol, and the like.
i~s is reflected within the prior art references noted above, the various ylycoside surfactant-containing laundry detergent cornpositions suggested to date generally involve the use of said glycoside surfactant in 15 combination with varlous anionic surfactant materials and/or with various conventicnal non-glycosidic ethoxylated nonionic surfactant materials and/or in conjunction with one or more of a variety of detergent builder ingredients.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that certain especially beneficial end-use-specific glycoside surfactant-based detergent 5 compositions can be suitably prepared by properly formulating one or more glycoside surfactants with certain antistatic amine oxide surfactants in the absence of (or at least substantially in the absence of) conventionally employed laundry detergent ingredients 10 such as anionic surfactant ingredients, non-glycosidic ethoxylated nonionic surfactant ingredients and conven-tional detergent builder materials.
Thus, the present invention, in one of its aspects, is a substantially builder-free fine fabric 15 laundry detergent composition which comprises, on a total composition weight basis:
a. from about 10 to about 70 weight percent of a surfactant component which consists essential Iy of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant, the weight ratio of the glycoskle surfactarlt to the amine oxide surfactant being from about 1:3 to about 10:1; and b. from about 30 to about 90 weight percent water .
Another aspect of the present invention involves the use of the above-described detergent composition in a fabric laundering operation in which 30 said detergent composition is diluted with water to normal laundry usage levels (typically about 1/4 cup of the above-stated composition in from about 5 to about 15 gal lons of wash water ) and is then employed to wash or 128~)66~
launder soiled clothing or other soiled fabric materials.
More specifically stated, this latter embodiment is essentially a process for laundering soiled fabric J materials, said process comprising immersing said fabric material, with at least mild agitation, in a substantially builder-free washing medium comprising, on a total washing medium weight basis, from about 200 part per million to about 1250 part per milllon of a surfactant component consisting essential Iy of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant in a glycoside surfactant to amine oxide surfactant weight ratio of from about 1:3 to about 10:1.
The composition and process of the present invention are especially well suited to and beneficial for the laundering under relatively mild washing conditions (e.g., mild or gentle machine agitation or hand washing and at low or cold wash water temperature) of fine fabric materials such as silk, nylon, polyester and wool.
It is a particularly noteworthy feature or benefit of the present invention that the aforementioned antistatic amine oxide surfactant materials provide, at a given usage level of same, substantially rnore pronounced or enhanced antistatic control within the subject glycosicle surfactant-based formulations than they do in comparable compositions wherein conventional ethoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactants are employed in place of said glycoside surfactant component.
~X80~
DETAILD DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
- Glycoside surfactants suitable for use in the practice of the present invention include those of the formula:
RO( R'O)y(Z)X A
wherein R is a monovalent organic radical (e.g., a monovalent saturated aliphatic, unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic radical such as alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl, hydroxyalkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkenylaryl, arylalkenyl, etc. ) containing from about 6 to about 30 (preferably from about 8 to about 18 and more preferably from about 9 to about 13l carbon atoms; R' is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing frorn 2 to about 4 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene or butylene (most preferably the unit (R'O)y represents repeating units of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or random or block combinations thereof); y is a number having an avera~3e value of from 0 to about 12;
Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms (most preferably a glucose unit); and x is a number having an average value of from 1 to about 10 (preferably from 1.5 to about 10 and more preferably from about 1.5 to about 5) .
Glycoside surfactants of the sort mentioned above, and various preferred subgenera thereof, are described in U. S. Patent 4,483,779 to Llenado et al ( issued November 20, 1984) .
Glycoside surfactants suitable for use herein 3n also include those of the Formula A above in which one or more of the normally free (i.e., unreacted hydroxyl groups of the saccharide moiety, Z, have been A
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alkoxylated (preferably, ethoxylated vr propoxylated~ so as to attach one or more pendant alkoxy or poly (alkoxyl groups in piace thereof. In such event, the amount of alkylenq oxide (e.g., ethylene oxide, 5 propylene oxide, etc.) employed will typically range from abut 1 to about 20 (preferably from about 3 to about 10) moles thereof per mole of saccharide moiety within the Formula A glycoside material.
In glycosides of the Formula A above, the 10 RO(R1O1y group is generally bonded or attached to the number 1 carbon atom of the saccharide moiety, Z.
Accordingly, the free hydroxyls available for alkoxylatlon are typically those in the number 2, 3, 4 and 6 positions in 6-carbon atom saccharides and those 15 in the number 2, 3 and 4 positions in 5-carbon atom saccharide species. Typically, the number 2 position hydroxyls in 5-carbon saccharides, and the number 2 and 6 position hydroxyls in 6-carbon saccharides, are substantially more reactive or susceptible to alkoxylation 20 than those in the number 3 and 4 positions.
Accordingly, alkoxylation will usually occur in the former locations in preference to the latter.
Glycoside surfactants especially preferred for use hereln include those of the Formula A above wherein 25 R is an alkyl group containing from about 8 to 18 (especially from about 9 to about 13) carbon atoms; y is zero; X is glucose or a moiety derived therefrom; and x has an average value of from t.5 to about 5 (especially frcm about 1.5 to about 3).
A
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Glycoside surfactants of particular interest for use in the practice of the present invention preferably have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) in the range of from about 10 to about 18 and most preferably in the range of from about 12 to about 14.
Amine oxide surfactants suitable for use herein include:
(l ) Higher alkyl or alkenyl di (lower alkyl) amine oxides in which the higher alkyl or l O alkenyl group is either branched or straight cahin and contains from about 8 to about 22 (preferably from about 12 to about 18 and more preferably from about 16 to about 18 ) carbon atoms and in which the lower alkyl group contains from to about 6 carbon atoms and is preferably methyl or ethyl. Exemplary of such amine oxides are lauryl dimethyl amine oxide myristyl dimethyl amine oxide; stearyl dimethyl amine oxide;
mixed long chain amine oxides such as lauryl/myristyl dimethyl amine oxide, dimcthyl cocoamirle oxide, climethyl (hydrogenated lallow) amine oxide, myristyl/palmityl dimethyl amine oxide, etc.; and the like.
(2) Higher alkyl or alkenyl di (hydroxy lower alkyl) amine oxides in which the higher alkyl or alkenyl group contains from about 8 to about 22 ( preferably from about 12 to about 18 and more preferably from about 16 to about 18) carbon atoms and wherein the hydroxy lower alkyl ~8()6~
group is preferably 2-hydroxyethyl such as for example bis(2-hydroxyethyl) cocoami ne ox ide; b is ( 2-hyd roxyethy I ) tallowamine oxide; bis~2-hydroxyethyl) stearylamine oxide; and the like.
group is preferably 2-hydroxyethyl such as for example bis(2-hydroxyethyl) cocoami ne ox ide; b is ( 2-hyd roxyethy I ) tallowamine oxide; bis~2-hydroxyethyl) stearylamine oxide; and the like.
(3) Higher alkyl or alkenyl amidopropyl di (lower alkyl) amine oxides in which the higher alkyl or alkenyl group has about 8-22 ( preferably about 12-18 and more preferably about 16-18 carbon atoms and can be straight or branched chain and wherein the lower alkyl groups are preferably methyl or ethyl. Examples of these latter compounds include cocoamiclopropyl dimethyl amine oxide and tallowamidopropyl dimethyl amine oxide.
(4) Higher alkyl or alkenyl morpholine oxides in which the higher alkyl or alkenyl group has from about 8-22 (preferably from about 12 to about 18 and more preferably about 16-18) carbon atoms and is either branched or straight chain.
An especial Iy preferrecl antistatic amine oxide surfactant for use hereil-l is stearyl dirnethyl amine oxide.
The total amount of surfactant ingredient employed in the compositions hereof is typical Iy in -the range of from about 10 to about 70 ( preferably from about ~l 5 to about 40 and most preFerably from about 15 to about 30) weight percent on a total composition weight basis. Further (and has been noted above) said surfactant ingredient consists essentially of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide ~6~L
--lo--surfactant in a glycoside to amine oxide weight ratio of from about 1:3 to about 10:1. Said ratio is preferably from about 3 :1 to about 10 :1 and is more preferably from about 3 :1 to about 6 :1.
The water content of the subject detergent compositions is typical Iy from about 30 to about 90 weight percer-t and is preferably from about 60 to about 85 (and most preferably from about 70 to about 85) weight percent, said ranges all being stated on a total composition weight basis.
As has also been mentioned above, the cornpositions hereof are typically employed in actual laundering operations by diluting approxirnately a quarter cup of same with from 5 to 15 gallons of wash water and using same in such diluted form to launder clothing or other textile fabric articles in the usual fashion. The surfactant ingredient concentration within the diluted wash water is typically from about 200 to about 1250 ppm on a total wash water weight basis.
The manner in which the detergent composi-tions hereof are prepared or formulated is not particu-larly critical and such can be readily accomplished in any convenient fashion as may be desired in a given instance. Oftentimes, however, the aforementioned glycoside and amine oxide surfactant ingredients are conveniently prepared, purchased or otherwise obtained in the form of relatively concentrated (e.g., 40 to 80 weight percent active) aqueous solutions of same and it is therefore generally convenient to admix them together (in the desired active ingredient ratios or proportion) in that form and to thereafter dilu-te the resulting mixture ~a~6~1 (if and when necessary or desired) with water to the desired total active surfactant ingredient content.
In addition to the above specified surfactant ingredients and water, the compositions can optionally (and frequently will desirably) contain relatively minor amounts, typically less than about 5 (more typically less than about 2 and most typical Iy less than about 1 ) weight percent (total composition weight basis) of the usual types of non-builder, non-surfactant auxiliary ingredients as are commonly or customarily employed in conventional laundry detergent cornpositions such as, for example, perfumes; optical brighteners; pearlescing agents; colorants; viscosifying agents; and the like.
Further, it should also be noted that while the composi-tions hereof are desirably "substantially free" of detergency builder ingredients, it is nonetheless comtemplated that relatively rninor amounts (e.g., less than about 10, preferably less than about 5 and most preferably less than about 2, weight percent on a total composition weight basis) of builder ingredients such as alkali metal salts of citrates, phosphates, carbonates and the like can nonetheless be includecl therein without deviating or departing from the spirit or scope of the instantly claimed invention.
The present invention is further illustrated and understood by reference to the following working examples in which all parts and percentages are on a weight basis unless otherwise indicated.
EXAM~LES 1 and 2 I n these examples, a series of fine fabric detergent compositions are prepared by dissolving a C12 ~3 alkyl polyglucoside surfactant having a degree of 5 poiymerization of about 2.5 (APG 23-3) and an amine oxide surfactant, specifically stearyl dimethyl amine oxide, in water and the resulting compositions are then evaluated for cleaning and/or static control effectiveness in the laundering of wool, polyester and nylon fabric 10 materials.
In these examples, the total surfactant ingredient content of the compositions prepared and tested is about 20 weight percent on a total composition weight basis and the APG:amine oxide ratio employed therein is as shown in Table A below.
For comparative purposes, experimental formulations are also prepared and evaluated in which there is employed as the surfactant ingredient: the APG
alone; a linear alkyl ethoxylate ( LAE) alone (i.e., an 20 ethoxylated Cl2 15 fatty alcohol, 7 moles ethylene oxide per mole fatty alcohol); and the LAE in combination with the amine oxide.
The results of the cleanincJ and static control evaluations for these various formulatiorls are surnrnari~ed in Table A below.
In obtaininy these evaluation results, the cleaning effectiveness is determined with a Tergotometer apparatus using a 10 minute wash cycle at a water temperature of 85F (29.L~C) a water hardness of 120 ppm and an agitator speed of 75 rpm. The static electricity build-up is quantitatively determined using a Sirnco Electrostatic Locator, Model SS2 and is qualita-tively evaiuated by observiny the degree of "static cling" exhibited by the laur-dered fabric upon removal from the dryer.
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An especial Iy preferrecl antistatic amine oxide surfactant for use hereil-l is stearyl dirnethyl amine oxide.
The total amount of surfactant ingredient employed in the compositions hereof is typical Iy in -the range of from about 10 to about 70 ( preferably from about ~l 5 to about 40 and most preFerably from about 15 to about 30) weight percent on a total composition weight basis. Further (and has been noted above) said surfactant ingredient consists essentially of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide ~6~L
--lo--surfactant in a glycoside to amine oxide weight ratio of from about 1:3 to about 10:1. Said ratio is preferably from about 3 :1 to about 10 :1 and is more preferably from about 3 :1 to about 6 :1.
The water content of the subject detergent compositions is typical Iy from about 30 to about 90 weight percer-t and is preferably from about 60 to about 85 (and most preferably from about 70 to about 85) weight percent, said ranges all being stated on a total composition weight basis.
As has also been mentioned above, the cornpositions hereof are typically employed in actual laundering operations by diluting approxirnately a quarter cup of same with from 5 to 15 gallons of wash water and using same in such diluted form to launder clothing or other textile fabric articles in the usual fashion. The surfactant ingredient concentration within the diluted wash water is typically from about 200 to about 1250 ppm on a total wash water weight basis.
The manner in which the detergent composi-tions hereof are prepared or formulated is not particu-larly critical and such can be readily accomplished in any convenient fashion as may be desired in a given instance. Oftentimes, however, the aforementioned glycoside and amine oxide surfactant ingredients are conveniently prepared, purchased or otherwise obtained in the form of relatively concentrated (e.g., 40 to 80 weight percent active) aqueous solutions of same and it is therefore generally convenient to admix them together (in the desired active ingredient ratios or proportion) in that form and to thereafter dilu-te the resulting mixture ~a~6~1 (if and when necessary or desired) with water to the desired total active surfactant ingredient content.
In addition to the above specified surfactant ingredients and water, the compositions can optionally (and frequently will desirably) contain relatively minor amounts, typically less than about 5 (more typically less than about 2 and most typical Iy less than about 1 ) weight percent (total composition weight basis) of the usual types of non-builder, non-surfactant auxiliary ingredients as are commonly or customarily employed in conventional laundry detergent cornpositions such as, for example, perfumes; optical brighteners; pearlescing agents; colorants; viscosifying agents; and the like.
Further, it should also be noted that while the composi-tions hereof are desirably "substantially free" of detergency builder ingredients, it is nonetheless comtemplated that relatively rninor amounts (e.g., less than about 10, preferably less than about 5 and most preferably less than about 2, weight percent on a total composition weight basis) of builder ingredients such as alkali metal salts of citrates, phosphates, carbonates and the like can nonetheless be includecl therein without deviating or departing from the spirit or scope of the instantly claimed invention.
The present invention is further illustrated and understood by reference to the following working examples in which all parts and percentages are on a weight basis unless otherwise indicated.
EXAM~LES 1 and 2 I n these examples, a series of fine fabric detergent compositions are prepared by dissolving a C12 ~3 alkyl polyglucoside surfactant having a degree of 5 poiymerization of about 2.5 (APG 23-3) and an amine oxide surfactant, specifically stearyl dimethyl amine oxide, in water and the resulting compositions are then evaluated for cleaning and/or static control effectiveness in the laundering of wool, polyester and nylon fabric 10 materials.
In these examples, the total surfactant ingredient content of the compositions prepared and tested is about 20 weight percent on a total composition weight basis and the APG:amine oxide ratio employed therein is as shown in Table A below.
For comparative purposes, experimental formulations are also prepared and evaluated in which there is employed as the surfactant ingredient: the APG
alone; a linear alkyl ethoxylate ( LAE) alone (i.e., an 20 ethoxylated Cl2 15 fatty alcohol, 7 moles ethylene oxide per mole fatty alcohol); and the LAE in combination with the amine oxide.
The results of the cleanincJ and static control evaluations for these various formulatiorls are surnrnari~ed in Table A below.
In obtaininy these evaluation results, the cleaning effectiveness is determined with a Tergotometer apparatus using a 10 minute wash cycle at a water temperature of 85F (29.L~C) a water hardness of 120 ppm and an agitator speed of 75 rpm. The static electricity build-up is quantitatively determined using a Sirnco Electrostatic Locator, Model SS2 and is qualita-tively evaiuated by observiny the degree of "static cling" exhibited by the laur-dered fabric upon removal from the dryer.
2~
c 12~6~
.~ .~
~ c C~ C
0~. 3 3 0 o o C`~
~' ~ ~ ~ aJ ., ~ ' ~5 I ~
a~ ~ a) a) c o N
^ a~
OO O O
O O OO O 1:~
~ o o oo o ,~ _~
CO ~, ~ ~ ^^ ^ ~
OLn~ ~ O
c _~ O ~~ O _C
Il~
. C O O OO O C~
~ O O O OO O ~_ V~ . In DO O ~
Z ~ U~ ~ OU~ O ~ -(I) ra O ~
c 03 E O ' '' ' EE u O 4_ ~ O
c~ o ~ o ~
cn .~ g ~ g g o ~ acJ 3 , z c~ z r-- r--~l ~ ~ ~ ~ c. a~ C
O O O O O O
O O O O >c~ Q
~ O O
a ~-, c~ r-- E O O O O O -- aJ E
07 > Q 1~ ~ ~ r--O O Q
~ aJ r-- ~) ~~ i .~ c r~ ~ ~
~n~, ~ o " v ~ ~ e O ~ , ~ ~ 2 ~, c _C ~S ~ IS tl) ~ ~ O 1~5 E
~_3 ~ 3 C~ ~ E ~ X
~ C~~-1 C !J ' ~1 0 Cl~
a ~ ~ ~
C~ cr) ~ ~ ~0 x ~ ~ O z ~ ) I o cl ~ ~
r-- c r--r-- r~ C!:l ~E ~ C x O
E E~~ ~ C ct cl _ c~ ~ z Xj OO O ~1 ~ ~) d- LS'~ ~D
6~
As can be seen from the results in Tabie A
(i.e., comparing Lxample 1 with Control 3), the anti-static amine oxide surfactant provides notably better static control when used in conjunction with the 5 glucoside surfactant than it does when used with the conventional ethoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactant material .
1280~
The procedure of Examples 1 and 2 is repeated using lauryl dimethyl amine oxide in place of the stearyl 5 dimethyl amine oxide. Upon evaluating the antistatic effectiveness at various APG: amine oxide ratios, it is found that the lauryl dimethyl amine oxide needs to be employed at an amine oxide:APG weight ratio in excess of 1 :1 (more specifically at a ratio of about 2: l ) in order 10 to achieve substantial or acceptable antistatic effectiveness .
While the present invention has been described and illustrated by reference to certain representative examples and embodiments thereof, such is not to be 15 interpreted as in any way limiting the scope of the instantly claimed invention.
As can be seen from the results in Tabie A
(i.e., comparing Lxample 1 with Control 3), the anti-static amine oxide surfactant provides notably better static control when used in conjunction with the 5 glucoside surfactant than it does when used with the conventional ethoxylated alcohol nonionic surfactant material .
1280~
The procedure of Examples 1 and 2 is repeated using lauryl dimethyl amine oxide in place of the stearyl 5 dimethyl amine oxide. Upon evaluating the antistatic effectiveness at various APG: amine oxide ratios, it is found that the lauryl dimethyl amine oxide needs to be employed at an amine oxide:APG weight ratio in excess of 1 :1 (more specifically at a ratio of about 2: l ) in order 10 to achieve substantial or acceptable antistatic effectiveness .
While the present invention has been described and illustrated by reference to certain representative examples and embodiments thereof, such is not to be 15 interpreted as in any way limiting the scope of the instantly claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. A substantially builder-free fine fabric laundry detergent composition which comprises, on a total compo-sition weight basis:
a. from about 10 to about 70 weight percent of a surfactant component which consists essentially of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant, the weight ratio of the glycoside surfactant to the amine oxide surfactant being from about 1:3 to about 10:1; and b. from about 30 to about 90 weight percent water.
a. from about 10 to about 70 weight percent of a surfactant component which consists essentially of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant, the weight ratio of the glycoside surfactant to the amine oxide surfactant being from about 1:3 to about 10:1; and b. from about 30 to about 90 weight percent water.
2. The detergent composition of Claim 1 wherein the glycoside surfactant corresponds to the formula:
RO(R1O)y(Z)x A
wherein R is a monovalent organic radical containing from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; O is an oxygen atom; R1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; y is a number having an average value of from 0 to about 12: Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms; and x is a number having an average value of from 1 to about 10.
RO(R1O)y(Z)x A
wherein R is a monovalent organic radical containing from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; O is an oxygen atom; R1 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms; y is a number having an average value of from 0 to about 12: Z represents a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms; and x is a number having an average value of from 1 to about 10.
3. The detergent composition of Claim 2 wherein, in the Formula A glycoside surfactant, R is a monovalent organic radical of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms; y is zero; Z is glucose or a moiety derived therefrom; and x is a number having an average value of from about 1.5 to about 5.
4. The detergent composition of Claim 3 wherein the antistatic amine oxide surfactant is selected from the group consisting of higher alkyl or alkenyl di (lower alkyl) amine oxides; higher alkyl or alkenyl di (hydroxy lower alkyl) amine oxides; higher alkyl or alkenyl amidopropyl di (lower alkyl) amine oxides and higher alkyl or alkenyl morpholine oxides.
5. The detergent composition of Claim 3 wherein, the antistatic amine oxide surfactant is stearyl dimethyl amine oxide.
6. The detergent composition of Claim 5 wherein the weight ratio of the glycoside surfactant to the amine oxide surfactant is from about 3:1 to about 10:1.
7. The detergent composition of Claim 5 wherein the weight ratio of the glycoside surfactant to the amine oxide surfactant is from about 3:1 to about 6:1.
8. The detergent composition of Claim 7 wherein the surfactant component constitutes from about 15 to about 40 weight percent of said composition on a total weight basis.
9. A process for laundering soiled fabric materials, said process comprising immersing said fabric material, with at least mild agitation, in a substantially builder-free washing medium comprising, on a total washing medium weight basis, from about 200 part per million to about 1,250 part per million of a surfactant component consisting essentially of a combination of a glycoside surfactant and an antistatic amine oxide surfactant in a glycoside surfactant to amine oxide surfactant weight ratio of from about 1:3 to about 10:1.
10. The process of Claim 9 wherein fabric material laundered thereby is a silk, nylon, polyester or wool fabric material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US78127285A | 1985-09-26 | 1985-09-26 | |
| US06/781,272 | 1985-09-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1280664C true CA1280664C (en) | 1991-02-26 |
Family
ID=25122218
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000518417A Expired - Lifetime CA1280664C (en) | 1985-09-26 | 1986-09-17 | Nonionic fine fabric detergent composition |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0238635B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS63501642A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1280664C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3675383D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1987002051A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5230835A (en) * | 1988-08-04 | 1993-07-27 | Kao Corporation | Mild non-irritating alkyl glycoside based detergent compositions |
| DE68925390T2 (en) * | 1988-08-04 | 1996-06-05 | Kao Corp | Detergent composition |
| FR2690709B1 (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1997-07-25 | Seppic Sa | METHOD OF EXCAVATING TUNNELS, USE OF A FOAMING AGENT AND NOVEL FOAMING AGENT. |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3547828A (en) * | 1968-09-03 | 1970-12-15 | Rohm & Haas | Alkyl oligosaccharides and their mixtures with alkyl glucosides and alkanols |
| GR76287B (en) * | 1981-09-28 | 1984-08-04 | Procter & Gamble | |
| EP0075994B2 (en) * | 1981-09-28 | 1992-11-04 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Detergent compositions containing mixture of alkylpolysaccharide and amine oxide surfactants and fatty acid soap |
| US4536318A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1985-08-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Foaming surfactant compositions |
| US4483779A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1984-11-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent compositions comprising polyglycoside and polyethoxylate surfactants and anionic fluorescer |
| US4483780A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1984-11-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent compositions containing polyglycoside and polyethoxylate detergent surfactants |
| US4493773A (en) * | 1982-05-10 | 1985-01-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low phosphate, softening laundry detergent containing ethoxylated nonionic, alkylpolysaccharide and cationic surfactants |
| US4446042A (en) * | 1982-10-18 | 1984-05-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Brightener for detergents containing nonionic and cationic surfactants |
| US4606850A (en) * | 1985-02-28 | 1986-08-19 | A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company | Hard surface cleaning composition and cleaning method using same |
-
1986
- 1986-09-17 CA CA000518417A patent/CA1280664C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-09-19 WO PCT/US1986/001959 patent/WO1987002051A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1986-09-19 EP EP19860906122 patent/EP0238635B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-09-19 JP JP50532186A patent/JPS63501642A/en active Pending
- 1986-09-19 DE DE8686906122T patent/DE3675383D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3675383D1 (en) | 1990-12-06 |
| EP0238635A1 (en) | 1987-09-30 |
| JPS63501642A (en) | 1988-06-23 |
| WO1987002051A1 (en) | 1987-04-09 |
| EP0238635A4 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
| EP0238635B1 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
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| MKLA | Lapsed | ||
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