EP0238422B1 - Non-woven material based on leather fibres, process for its manufacture and its applications - Google Patents

Non-woven material based on leather fibres, process for its manufacture and its applications Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0238422B1
EP0238422B1 EP87420058A EP87420058A EP0238422B1 EP 0238422 B1 EP0238422 B1 EP 0238422B1 EP 87420058 A EP87420058 A EP 87420058A EP 87420058 A EP87420058 A EP 87420058A EP 0238422 B1 EP0238422 B1 EP 0238422B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
material according
fibers
leather
bonding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP87420058A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0238422A1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Pichon
Daniel Claudet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre Technique Cuir Chaussure Maroquinerie
Papeteries Matussiere et Forest SA
Original Assignee
Centre Technique Cuir Chaussure Maroquinerie
Papeteries Matussiere et Forest SA
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Application filed by Centre Technique Cuir Chaussure Maroquinerie, Papeteries Matussiere et Forest SA filed Critical Centre Technique Cuir Chaussure Maroquinerie
Priority to AT87420058T priority Critical patent/ATE57548T1/en
Publication of EP0238422A1 publication Critical patent/EP0238422A1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
    • D21H5/12—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for characterised by the use of special fibrous materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a nonwoven material based on leather fibers, as well as to its method of manufacture by the wet method, and to the applications of said material, in particular in the field of wiping, wall covering, footwear and leather goods.
  • the weight of leather fibers used in the composition of the nonwoven material can be substituted up to a proportion of 40%, or up to 32% of the overall composition, by cellulosic fibers.
  • synthetic leathers comprising a mixture of leather fibers, cellulose fibers, fibers of a synthetic polymer having a large specific surface, and a binder such as a latex. natural or synthetic.
  • synthetic leathers are obtained by a process comprising a first step also in the aqueous phase, during which the various aforementioned components of the leather are placed in homogeneous suspension or emulsion.
  • the object of the present invention is to obtain, in the form of a continuous strip, a nonwoven material having good mechanical properties in the wet state, and good absorption capacity in the dry state.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol is chosen to ensure chemical bonding during the step of drying the wet material
  • fibers are chosen that are bi-component a core. reinforcing and an envelope softening during the heating step, the heating melting temperature, the melting temperature of the core being higher than the softening temperature of the envelope.
  • Fibers are advantageously added to the fiber mixture; they facilitate the "mechanical” binding during the formation of the sheet allowing its “lifting” without breaking.
  • the nonwoven material according to the invention contains, by weight: between 50 and 80% of leather fibers, between 5 and 15% of polyvinyl alcohol fibers and between 15 and 35% of bi-component fibers, the fibers of said material being bonded in points through alcohol fibers.
  • part of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers and of the two-component fibers is replaced by 3 to 15% by weight of long cellulosic fibers.
  • the preparation of the fibrous mixture and the production of the wet material in the form of a continuous sheet calls upon conventional papermaking techniques; firstly, carries out the aqueous dispersion of the mixture of fibers according to the invention.
  • leather fibers are used, the length of which, which can vary from 0.2 and 5 millimeters, is preferably between 0.5 and 3 millimeters.
  • These leather fibers can be obtained by defibrillation of leather waste, either by wet refining, or by dry grinding.
  • the long cellulose fibers used give, even at a low content, sufficient resistance to the sheet to ensure, without breaking, its transfer from the canvas to the dryer.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol fibers have a denier close to 1 and a length of between 3 and 7 millimeters, their temperature of solubilization in water varies according to their type between 60 ° C and 100 ° C.
  • PVA fibers of 1 denier and 4 millimeters in length dissolving at 60 ° C in water, developing their binding power as soon as the material enters the dryer.
  • the two-component fibers consist of a high tenacity core and a fusible envelope at a temperature between 120 ° C and 140 ° C.
  • the two-component fibers most used in the process are of the polypropylene core type - low or high density polyethylene casing, of denier between 1.5 and 3.5 and of length between 3 and 20 millimeters.
  • Use is preferably made of two-component fibers with a polypropylene core and a low density polyethylene envelope, of denier 3 and of length 5 millimeters, which develop their binding power at 120 ° C.
  • the first step of the process according to the invention which consists in obtaining the fibrous mixture in an aqueous medium, may comprise the addition of wetting agents to facilitate the dispersion of said fibers.
  • the additives which may be used in particular dyes for dyeing the fibers, swelling agents, fillers, softeners, are added to the aqueous phase during this step.
  • the preparation of the fibrous mixture and the production of the wet material in sheet form from the aqueous dispersion of the fiber mixture can be carried out using conventional papermaking techniques.
  • the operations of mixing and refining leather and cellulose can be carried out successively by a pulper and a refiner; the refining of the cellulose should not be too thorough, in order to keep the fibers a maximum length.
  • the dispersion of the binding fibers can be carried out in a pulper or a pile.
  • the sheet can be formed, after dilution, on a FOURDRINIER type paper machine.
  • the dry weight of the manufactured material can vary quite widely depending on the applications envisaged, from 50 g / m2 to 500 g / m 2.
  • the second and third stages of the process consist in creating a thermal bond by successively carrying out a chemical bond using the polyvinyl alcohol fibers and a thermal bond using two-component polypropylene-polyethylene fibers.
  • This progressive thermal bonding can be carried out in a conventional dryer with cylinders, whether or not equipped with transport fabrics.
  • the treatment temperature gradually varies from 60 ° C to 130 ° C to ensure the progressive method of bonding described above, successively comprising the swelling solubilizing of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers, the drying of the material and its bonding by surface fusion of the bi-fibers. components.
  • the progressive thermal bonding can also be carried out in a hot air dryer.
  • the present invention finally relates to the applications of the nonwoven in various fields of industry.
  • It can also be used in the field of wallcovering, taking advantage of its qualities of appearance and touch, which can be modulated by the game of refining and dyeing leather fibers.
  • an aqueous dispersion of chrome leather scrapes is prepared, which are then refined using a disc refiner.
  • Leather representing 70% of the total dry weight used 5% of long cellulose fibers are added, then 5% of polyvinyl alcohol fibers of 1 denier and 4 millimeters in length and, finally, 20% of bi-component fibers. polypropylene-polyethylene HD 2 denier and 5 millimeters in length.
  • the dispersion thus obtained which contains 5 grams of solid matter in suspension per liter, is stored in a vat. Said dispersion is then diluted to the concentration of 0.5 g of solid matter per liter, then sent to the. headbox of a paper machine. The wet material is drained by gravity then by a wringing cylinder, and led into a cylinder drier whose inlet temperature is 80 ° C and the outlet temperature of 130 ° C.
  • the dry material has a grammage of 150 g / m 2 and a thickness of 0.3 mm.
  • the material thus prepared has excellent mechanical properties, both dry and wet, as well as a high absorbency of water.
  • This material is particularly suitable in wet form for wiping glass surfaces, enamelled surfaces, metal surfaces, etc.
  • a 200 g / m 2 nonwoven of mottled appearance is prepared which is continuously emerized to give it a velvety feel.
  • the material thus prepared has an excellent presentation and a high resistance in the wet state which make it particularly suitable for use as a wall covering.
  • a nonwoven of 300 g / m2 of grammage and 0.5 mm thick is prepared. It is then applied continuously, by spray-coating, an acrylic coating of 200 g / m 2 and a rotopress graining.
  • the material thus prepared has mechanical and appearance properties making it usable in the shoe industry in the form of a sockliner and in the leather goods industry in the form of a lining or in the bookbinding industry.

Landscapes

  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

1. A non-woven material, formed by the association of leather fibres with fibres capable of ensuring chemical bonding at the commencement of drying, and fibres capable of ensuring thermal bonding at the end of drying, the fibres of the said material being finally bonded at points by the intermediary of the fibres that ensure chemical bonding and those ensuring thermal bonding, characterized in that the chemical bonding is ensured by polyvinyl alcohol fibres, and the thermal bonding is ensured by two-constituent fibres comprising a reinforcing core and an envelope, the melting temperature of which core is greater than the softening temperature of the said envelope.

Description

La présente invention concerne un matériau non-tissé à base de fibres de cuir, ainsi que son procédé de fabrication par voie humide, et les applications dudit matériau, notamment dans le domaine de l'essuyage, du revêtement mural, de la chaussure et de la maroquinerie.The present invention relates to a nonwoven material based on leather fibers, as well as to its method of manufacture by the wet method, and to the applications of said material, in particular in the field of wiping, wall covering, footwear and leather goods.

Selon la demande de brevet GB-A 2 045 829, on a proposé un matériau non-tissé à base de fibres de cuir, comprenant:

  • - entre 30 et 80% en poids de fibres de cuir, par exemple 50%
  • - entre 20 et 70% en poids de fibres d'un polymère thermoplastique assurant un liage thermique, par exemple 35% d'un polyéthylène basse densité
  • - et entre 5 et 25% en poids de fibres de renforcement, par exemple 15% de fibres de polyester revêtues d'un lubrifiant tel que le polyéthylène glycol.
According to patent application GB-A 2 045 829, a nonwoven material based on leather fibers has been proposed, comprising:
  • - between 30 and 80% by weight of leather fibers, for example 50%
  • - between 20 and 70% by weight of fibers of a thermoplastic polymer ensuring thermal bonding, for example 35% of a low density polyethylene
  • - And between 5 and 25% by weight of reinforcing fibers, for example 15% of polyester fibers coated with a lubricant such as polyethylene glycol.

Le poids de fibres de cuir entrant dans la composition du matériau non-tissé peut être substitué jusqu'à une proportion de 40%, soit jusqu'à 32% de la composition globale, par des fibres cellulosiques.The weight of leather fibers used in the composition of the nonwoven material can be substituted up to a proportion of 40%, or up to 32% of the overall composition, by cellulosic fibers.

Pour obtenir le matériau répondant à la définition générale précédente, on utilise un procédé en trois étapes:

  • - selon la première étape, en phase aqueuse, on effectue un mélange interne renfermant les fibres de cuir, les fibres de renforcement, et les fibres du polymère thermo-plastique, pour produire un matériau humide sous la forme d'une feuille
  • - selon une deuxième étape, on sèche le matériau humide à une température comprise entre 40 et 100°C, par exemple à 50°C; lorsque les fibres de renforcement sont constituées de polyester, une telle température peut provoquer un liage chimique des fibres du non-tissé
  • - selon une troisième et dernière étape, on soumet le matériau sec à un chauffage à une température ramollissant les fibres du polymère thermo-plastique, et provoquant le liage thermique des fibres du non-tissé; la température de chauffage est comprise entre 80°C et 180°C, par exemple est de 120°C.
To obtain the material corresponding to the preceding general definition, a three-step process is used:
  • - According to the first step, in the aqueous phase, an internal mixture is carried out containing the leather fibers, the reinforcing fibers, and the fibers of the thermoplastic polymer, to produce a wet material in the form of a sheet
  • - In a second step, the wet material is dried at a temperature between 40 and 100 ° C, for example at 50 ° C; when the reinforcing fibers are made of polyester, such a temperature can cause chemical bonding of the fibers of the nonwoven
  • - According to a third and last step, the dry material is subjected to heating at a temperature softening the fibers of the thermoplastic polymer, and causing the thermal bonding of the fibers of the nonwoven; the heating temperature is between 80 ° C and 180 ° C, for example is 120 ° C.

Les matériaux non-tissés obtenus selon ce procédé, quoiqu'améliorés par rapport aux matériaux antérieurs du même type, présentent encore quelques inconvénients:

  • - à l'état humide, ils présentent une cohésion limitée
  • - un retrait relativement important des fibres lors du séchage peut être observé
  • - il apparaît difficile d'obtenir ces matériaux en continu sous épaisseur relativement faible.
The nonwoven materials obtained according to this process, although improved compared to previous materials of the same type, still have some drawbacks:
  • - in the wet state, they have limited cohesion
  • - a relatively large shrinkage of the fibers during drying can be observed
  • - It seems difficult to obtain these materials continuously under relatively small thickness.

Selon la demande de brevet FR-A 2 342 155, on a proposé des cuirs synthétiques comprenant un mélange des fibres de cuir, des fibres de cellulose, des fibres d'un polymère synthétique ayant une surface spécifique importante, et un liant comme un latex naturel ou synthétique. Ces cuirs synthétiques sont obtenus par un procédé comprenant une première étape également en phase aqueuse, pendant laquelle les différents composants précités du cuir sont mis en suspension homogène ou émulsion.According to patent application FR-A 2 342 155, synthetic leathers have been proposed comprising a mixture of leather fibers, cellulose fibers, fibers of a synthetic polymer having a large specific surface, and a binder such as a latex. natural or synthetic. These synthetic leathers are obtained by a process comprising a first step also in the aqueous phase, during which the various aforementioned components of the leather are placed in homogeneous suspension or emulsion.

Les propriétés d'absorption des cuirs synthétiques ainsi obtenus demeurent assez médiocres, en raison de l'enrobage des fibres de cuir par le liant.The absorption properties of the synthetic leathers thus obtained remain quite poor, due to the coating of the leather fibers with the binder.

La présente invention a pour objet d'obtenir, sous forme de bande continue, un matériau non-tissé possédant de bonnes propriétés mécaniques à l'état humide, et une bonne capacité d'absorption à l'état sec.The object of the present invention is to obtain, in the form of a continuous strip, a nonwoven material having good mechanical properties in the wet state, and good absorption capacity in the dry state.

Selon la présente invention, d'une part, l'alcool polyvinylique est choisi pour assurer un liage chimique pendant l'étape de séchage du matériau humide, et d'autre part, comme liant thermique, on choisit des fibres bi-composant une âme renforçante et une enveloppe se ramollisant pendant l'étape de chauffage, la température de fusion de chauffage, la température de fusion de l'âme étant supérieure à la température de ramollissement de l'enveloppe.According to the present invention, on the one hand, the polyvinyl alcohol is chosen to ensure chemical bonding during the step of drying the wet material, and on the other hand, as the thermal binder, fibers are chosen that are bi-component a core. reinforcing and an envelope softening during the heating step, the heating melting temperature, the melting temperature of the core being higher than the softening temperature of the envelope.

L'association de ces fibres permet d'assurer, par voie humide, le liage progressif des fibres de cuir selon les deux étapes décrites ci-après:

  • - liage "chimique" au début du séchage, développant une cohésion suffisante du matériau pour lui permettre de résister aux contraintes développées en son sein lors du séchage; ce type de liage est assuré par la présence des fibres d'alcool polyvinylique qui développent un caractère adhésif marqué, en milieu aqueux, à une température minimale de 60°C
  • - le liage "thermique" en fin de séchage, développant une cohésion maximale permettant au matériau d'atteindre les propriétés requises pour ses divers usages en le dotant, notamment, d'une forte résistance à l'état humide et d'une bonne capacité d'absorption à l'état sec; ce type de liage est assuré par la présence de fibres bi-composants en polyoléfines, comportant, par exemple, une âme renforçante en polypropylène associée à un revêtement en polyéthylène basse ou haute densité leur assurant un caractère adhésif, à une température comprise entre 120 et 130°C.
The combination of these fibers makes it possible, by wet method, to gradually bind the leather fibers according to the two stages described below:
  • - "chemical" bonding at the start of drying, developing sufficient cohesion of the material to allow it to resist the stresses developed within it during drying; this type of binding is ensured by the presence of polyvinyl alcohol fibers which develop a marked adhesive character, in aqueous medium, at a minimum temperature of 60 ° C.
  • - "thermal" bonding at the end of drying, developing maximum cohesion allowing the material to achieve the properties required for its various uses by endowing it, in particular, with high resistance in the wet state and good capacity absorption in the dry state; this type of binding is ensured by the presence of two-component polyolefin fibers, comprising, for example, a reinforcing core of polypropylene associated with a coating of low or high density polyethylene ensuring their adhesive nature, at a temperature between 120 and 130 ° C.

Des fibres cellulosiques longues sont avantageusement adjointes au mélange de fibres; elles facilitent le liage "mécanique" au cours de la formation de la feuille permettant son "levage" sans rupture.Long cellulosic fibers are advantageously added to the fiber mixture; they facilitate the "mechanical" binding during the formation of the sheet allowing its "lifting" without breaking.

Le matériau non-tissé selon l'invention renferme, en poids: entre 50 et 80% de fibres de cuir, entre 5 et 15% de fibres d'alcool polyvinylique et entre 15 et 35% de fibres bi-composants, les fibres dudit matériau étant liées par points par l'intermédiaire des fibres d'alcool.The nonwoven material according to the invention contains, by weight: between 50 and 80% of leather fibers, between 5 and 15% of polyvinyl alcohol fibers and between 15 and 35% of bi-component fibers, the fibers of said material being bonded in points through alcohol fibers.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, une partie des fibres d'alcool polyvinylique et des fibres bi-composants est remplacée par 3 à 15% en poids de fibres cellulosiques longues.According to one embodiment of the invention, part of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers and of the two-component fibers is replaced by 3 to 15% by weight of long cellulosic fibers.

La préparation du mélange fibreux et la production du matériau humide sous forme de feuille continue fait appel aux techniques papetières classiques; en effectue, tout d'abord, la dispersion aqueuse du mélange de fibres selon l'invention. C'est ainsi que l'on utilise entre 50 et 80 % en poids de fibres de cuir, dont la longueur, qui peut varier de 0,2 et 5 millimètres, se situe de préférence entre 0,5 et 3 millimètres. Ces fibres de cuir peuvent être obtenues par défibrillation de déchets de cuir, que ce soit par raffinage par voie humide, ou par broyage à sec.The preparation of the fibrous mixture and the production of the wet material in the form of a continuous sheet calls upon conventional papermaking techniques; firstly, carries out the aqueous dispersion of the mixture of fibers according to the invention. Thus, between 50 and 80% by weight of leather fibers are used, the length of which, which can vary from 0.2 and 5 millimeters, is preferably between 0.5 and 3 millimeters. These leather fibers can be obtained by defibrillation of leather waste, either by wet refining, or by dry grinding.

Les fibres de cuir provenant du raffinage humide de dérayures de cuir tanné au chrome se sont révélées particulièrement bien adaptées à la réalisation du matériau selon l'invention.Leather fibers from the wet refining of skins of chrome tanned leather have been found to be particularly well suited to the production of the material according to the invention.

Les fibres longues de cellulose utilisées confèrent, même à une faible teneur, une résistance suffisante à la feuille pour assurer, sans rupture, son transfert de la toile vers le séchoir.The long cellulose fibers used give, even at a low content, sufficient resistance to the sheet to ensure, without breaking, its transfer from the canvas to the dryer.

Les fibres d'alcool polyvinylique ont un denier voisin de 1 et une longueur comprise entre 3 et 7 millimètres, leur température de solubilisation dans l'eau varie selon leur type entre 60°C et 100°C. On utilise, de préférence, des fibres d'APV de 1 denier et de 4 millimètres de longueur se solubilisant à 60°C dans l'eau, développant leur pouvoir liant dès l'entrée en sécherie du matériau.The polyvinyl alcohol fibers have a denier close to 1 and a length of between 3 and 7 millimeters, their temperature of solubilization in water varies according to their type between 60 ° C and 100 ° C. Preferably, PVA fibers of 1 denier and 4 millimeters in length dissolving at 60 ° C in water, developing their binding power as soon as the material enters the dryer.

Les fibres bi-composants sont consituées d'une âme à haute ténacité et d'une enveloppe fusible à une température comprise entre 120°C et 140°C.The two-component fibers consist of a high tenacity core and a fusible envelope at a temperature between 120 ° C and 140 ° C.

Les fibres bi-composants les plus employées dans le procédé sont de type âme polypropylène - enveloppe polyéthylène basse ou haute densité, de denier compris entre 1,5 et 3,5 et de longueur comprise entre 3 et 20 millimètres.The two-component fibers most used in the process are of the polypropylene core type - low or high density polyethylene casing, of denier between 1.5 and 3.5 and of length between 3 and 20 millimeters.

On utilise, de préférence, des fibres bi-composants à âme polypropylène et enveloppe polyéthylène basse densité, de denier 3 et de longueur 5 millimètres, qui développent leur pouvoir liant à 120°C.Use is preferably made of two-component fibers with a polypropylene core and a low density polyethylene envelope, of denier 3 and of length 5 millimeters, which develop their binding power at 120 ° C.

La première étape du procédé selon l'invention, qui consiste en l'obtention du mélange fibreux en milieu aqueux, peut comporter l'addition d'agents mouillants pour faciliter la dispersion desdites fibres. Les additifs éventuellement utilisés, notamment colorants pour teindre les fibres, agents gonflants, charges, assouplissants, sont ajoutés à la phase aqueuse lors de cette étape.The first step of the process according to the invention, which consists in obtaining the fibrous mixture in an aqueous medium, may comprise the addition of wetting agents to facilitate the dispersion of said fibers. The additives which may be used, in particular dyes for dyeing the fibers, swelling agents, fillers, softeners, are added to the aqueous phase during this step.

La préparation du mélange fibreux et la production du matériau humide sous forme d'une feuille à partir de la dispersion aqueuse du mélange de fibres peut être effectuée en faisant appel aux techniques papetières classiques.The preparation of the fibrous mixture and the production of the wet material in sheet form from the aqueous dispersion of the fiber mixture can be carried out using conventional papermaking techniques.

En particulier, les opérations de mélangeage et de raffinage du cuir et de la cellulose peuvent être réalisées successivement par un pulpeur et un raffineur ; le raffinage de la cellulose ne doit pas être trop poussé, afin de conserver aux fibres une longueur maximum. La dispersion des fibres liantes peut être réalisée dans un pulpeur ou une pile. Enfin, la formation de la feuille peut être réalisée, après dilution, sur une machine à papier de type FOURDRINIER. Le grammage sec du matériau fabriqué peut varier assez largement suivant les applications envisagées, depuis 50 g/m2 jusqu'à 500 g/m2.In particular, the operations of mixing and refining leather and cellulose can be carried out successively by a pulper and a refiner; the refining of the cellulose should not be too thorough, in order to keep the fibers a maximum length. The dispersion of the binding fibers can be carried out in a pulper or a pile. Finally, the sheet can be formed, after dilution, on a FOURDRINIER type paper machine. The dry weight of the manufactured material can vary quite widely depending on the applications envisaged, from 50 g / m2 to 500 g / m 2.

La deuxième et la troisième étape du procédé consistent à créer un liage thermique en effectuant successivement un liage chimique à l'aide des fibres d'alcool polyvinylique et un liage thermique à l'aide de fibres bi-composants polypropylène-polyéthylène.The second and third stages of the process consist in creating a thermal bond by successively carrying out a chemical bond using the polyvinyl alcohol fibers and a thermal bond using two-component polypropylene-polyethylene fibers.

Ce liage thermique progressif peut être réalisé dans un séchoir classique à cylindres équipé ou non de toiles de transport. La température de traitement varie progressivement de 60°C à 130°C pour assurer le mode de liage progressif précédemment décrit, comportant successivement le gonflement solubilisant des fibres d'alcool polyvinylique, le séchage du matériau et son liage par fusion superficielle des fibres bi-composants. En variante, le liage thermique progressif peut également être réalisé dans un séchoir à air chaud.This progressive thermal bonding can be carried out in a conventional dryer with cylinders, whether or not equipped with transport fabrics. The treatment temperature gradually varies from 60 ° C to 130 ° C to ensure the progressive method of bonding described above, successively comprising the swelling solubilizing of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers, the drying of the material and its bonding by surface fusion of the bi-fibers. components. As a variant, the progressive thermal bonding can also be carried out in a hot air dryer.

La présente invention a enfin pour objet les applications du non-tissé dans divers domaines de l'industrie.The present invention finally relates to the applications of the nonwoven in various fields of industry.

On peut utiliser, en particulier, le non-tissé selon l'invention, dans le domaine de l'essuyage industriel ou domestique en mettant à profit les propriétés absorbantes et lustrantes des fibres de cuir, réalisant ainsi, en quelque sorte, une peau de chamois artificielle.One can use, in particular, the nonwoven fabric according to the invention, in the field of industrial or domestic wiping by taking advantage of the absorbent and shining properties of leather fibers, thus achieving, in a way, a skin of artificial chamois.

On peut aussi l'utiliser dans le domaine du revêtement mural, en mettant à profit ses qualités d'aspect et de toucher, modulables par le jeu du raffinage et de la teinture des fibres de cuir.It can also be used in the field of wallcovering, taking advantage of its qualities of appearance and touch, which can be modulated by the game of refining and dyeing leather fibers.

On peut encore l'utiliser brut ou, après finition, par enduction et grainage dans l'industrie de la chaussure sous forme de semelle de propreté et dans l'industrie de la maroquinerie sous forme de doublure ou encore dans l'industrie de la reliure.It can still be used raw or, after finishing, by coating and graining in the shoe industry in the form of insoles and in the leather goods industry in the form of lining or in the bookbinding industry .

La présente invention sera mieux comprise et ses avantages ressortiront bien des exemples suivants qui l'illustrent sans la limiter :The present invention will be better understood and its advantages will emerge clearly from the following examples which illustrate it without limiting it:

EXEMPLE 1EXAMPLE 1

En opérant dans un pulpeur, on prépare une dispersion aqueuse de dérayures de cuir au chrome qui sont ensuite raffinées à l'aide d'un raffineur à disques. Le cuir représentant 70 % du poids total sec mis en oeuvre, on ajoute 5 % de fibres de cellulose longues, puis 5 % de fibres d'alcool polyvinylique de 1 denier et 4 millimètres de longueur et, enfin 20 % de fibres bi-composants polypropylène-polyéthylène HD de 2 deniers et 5 millimètres de longueur.By operating in a pulper, an aqueous dispersion of chrome leather scrapes is prepared, which are then refined using a disc refiner. Leather representing 70% of the total dry weight used, 5% of long cellulose fibers are added, then 5% of polyvinyl alcohol fibers of 1 denier and 4 millimeters in length and, finally, 20% of bi-component fibers. polypropylene-polyethylene HD 2 denier and 5 millimeters in length.

On ajoute également au milieu, 1 % de colorant acide, calculé par rapport au poids de fibres de cuir.Is also added to the medium, 1% acid dye, calculated relative to the weight of leather fibers.

La dispersion ainsi obtenue, qui renferme 5 grammes de matières solides en suspension par litre, est stockée dans un cuvier. Ladite dispersion est ensuite diluée à la concentration de 0,5 g de matières solides par litre, puis envoyée à la. caisse de tête d'une machine à papier. Le matériau humide est égoutté par gravité puis par un cylindre essoreur, et conduit dans un séchoir à cylindres dont la température d'entrée est de 80°C et la température de sortie de 130°C.The dispersion thus obtained, which contains 5 grams of solid matter in suspension per liter, is stored in a vat. Said dispersion is then diluted to the concentration of 0.5 g of solid matter per liter, then sent to the. headbox of a paper machine. The wet material is drained by gravity then by a wringing cylinder, and led into a cylinder drier whose inlet temperature is 80 ° C and the outlet temperature of 130 ° C.

Le matériau sec a un grammage de 150 g/m2 et une épaisseur de 0,3 mm. Le matériau ainsi préparé possède d'excellentes propriétés mécaniques tant à sec qu'en humide ainsi qu'un pouvoir absorbant élevé de l'eau.The dry material has a grammage of 150 g / m 2 and a thickness of 0.3 mm. The material thus prepared has excellent mechanical properties, both dry and wet, as well as a high absorbency of water.

Ce matériau convient tout particulièrement sous forme humide pour l'essuyage des surfaces vitrées, des surfaces émaillées, des surfaces métalliques, etc...This material is particularly suitable in wet form for wiping glass surfaces, enamelled surfaces, metal surfaces, etc.

EXEMPLE 2EXAMPLE 2

En opérant dans des conditions analogues à celles utilisées dans l'exemple 1, on utilise 60 % de cuir normalement raffiné et teint en nuance claire et 10 % de cuir raffiné grossièrement et teint en nuance sombre.By operating under conditions analogous to those used in Example 1, 60% of normally refined and dyed leather in light shade and 10% of coarsely refined and dyed leather in dark shade are used.

On prépare un non-tissé de 200 g/m2 d'aspect chiné qui est émerisé en continu pour lui conférer un toucher velouté.A 200 g / m 2 nonwoven of mottled appearance is prepared which is continuously emerized to give it a velvety feel.

Le matériau ainsi préparé est doté d'une excellente présentation et d'une résistance élevée à l'état humide qui le rendent particulièrement convenable pour être utilisé comme revêtement mural.The material thus prepared has an excellent presentation and a high resistance in the wet state which make it particularly suitable for use as a wall covering.

EXEMPLE 3EXAMPLE 3

En opérant dans des conditions analogues à celles utilisées dans l'exemple 1, on prépare un non-tissé de 300 g/m2 de grammage et de 0,5 mm d'épaisseur. On lui applique ensuite, en continu, par pisto- lettage, une enduction acrylique de 200 g/m2 et un grainage à la rotopresse.By operating under conditions similar to those used in Example 1, a nonwoven of 300 g / m2 of grammage and 0.5 mm thick is prepared. It is then applied continuously, by spray-coating, an acrylic coating of 200 g / m 2 and a rotopress graining.

Le matériau ainsi préparé possède des propriétés mécaniques et d'aspect le rendant utilisable dans l'industrie de la chaussure sous forme de semelle de propreté et dans l'industrie de la maroquinerie sous forme de doublure ou encore dans l'industrie de la reliure.The material thus prepared has mechanical and appearance properties making it usable in the shoe industry in the form of a sockliner and in the leather goods industry in the form of a lining or in the bookbinding industry.

Claims (9)

1. A non-woven material, formed by the association of leather fibres with fibres capable of ensuring chemical bonding at the commencement of drying, and fibres capable of ensuring thermal bonding at the end of drying, the fibres of the said material being finally bonded at points by the intermediary of the fibres that ensure chemical bonding and those ensuring thermal bonding, characterized in that the chemical bonding is ensured by polyvinyl alcohol fibres, and the thermal bonding is ensured by two-constituent fibres comprising a reinforcing core and an envelope, the melting temperature of which core is greater than the softening temperature of the said envelope.
2. A material according to Claim 1, characterized in that it contains between 5 and 15% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol fibres.
3. A material according to Claim 1, characterized in that it contains between 15 and 35% by weight of two-constituent fibres.
4. A material according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that part of the polyvinyl alcohol fibres and two-constituent fibres is replaced by 3 to 15% by weight of long cellulose fibres.
5. A process for the manufacture of the non-woven material according to any of Claims 1 to 4, according to which as a first stage an intimate aqueous mixture is made containing the leather fibres, the fibres capable of ensuring chemical bonding and the fibres capable of ensuring thermal bonding, with possible additions of long cellulose fibres, to produce a damp material in sheet form, and then in a second stage the said material is dried at a temperature sufficient to develop adhesive properties of the chemical bonding fibres, and in a third stage the dry material is submitted to a temperature that causes the thermal bonding fibres to soften, characterized in that the chemical bonding is ensured by the polyvinyl alcohol fibres and the thermal bonding is ensured by the two-constituent fibres, and that during the third stage the heating temperature is greater that the softening temperature of the envelope of the two-constituent fibres but lower than the melting temperature of their reinforcing core.
6. The application of non-woven material according to any of Claims 1 to 4 as a hygienic insole in the footwear industry.
7. The application of non-woven material according to any of Claims 1 to 4, as a lining, in the fancy leather and bookbinding industry.
8. Applications of non-woven material according to any of Claims 1 to 4 in the field of industrial or domestic wiping-up.
9. Applications of non-woven material according to any of Claims 1 to 4 in the field of wall-coverings.
EP87420058A 1986-03-21 1987-02-26 Non-woven material based on leather fibres, process for its manufacture and its applications Expired - Lifetime EP0238422B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87420058T ATE57548T1 (en) 1986-03-21 1987-02-26 NON-WOVEN MATERIAL BASED ON LEATHER FIBER, ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND APPLICATIONS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8604484A FR2596075B1 (en) 1986-03-21 1986-03-21 NONWOVEN MATERIAL BASED ON LEATHER FIBERS, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF
FR8604484 1986-03-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0238422A1 EP0238422A1 (en) 1987-09-23
EP0238422B1 true EP0238422B1 (en) 1990-10-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87420058A Expired - Lifetime EP0238422B1 (en) 1986-03-21 1987-02-26 Non-woven material based on leather fibres, process for its manufacture and its applications

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP0238422B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE57548T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3765560D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2018291B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2596075B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3000957T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5167765A (en) * 1990-07-02 1992-12-01 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Wet laid bonded fibrous web containing bicomponent fibers including lldpe
GB9703111D0 (en) * 1997-02-14 1997-04-02 British United Shoe Machinery Footwear lining material
DE10063985A1 (en) * 2000-11-07 2002-05-29 Freudenberg Carl Kg Textile surface structure containing chrome leather fibers, useful as a shoe inner lining, as an inner lining for pockets, as a parchment substitute, and as a decorative material has high flexural strength

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1252291A (en) * 1959-02-27 1961-01-27 Kurashiki Rayon Co Papers and nonwoven fabrics containing polyvinyl alcohol fibers
US3674621A (en) * 1969-02-25 1972-07-04 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Process of making a sheet paper
IT1055914B (en) * 1976-02-26 1982-01-11 Montedison Spa MATERIALS SIMILAR TO LEATHER AND PROCEDURE FOR THEIR PREPARATION
NZ185412A (en) * 1976-10-20 1980-03-05 Chisso Corp Heat-adhesive compsite fibres based on propylene
FR2451962A1 (en) * 1979-03-22 1980-10-17 Ato Chimie COMPOSITE MATERIAL BASED ON LEATHER FIBERS AND PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
JPS5860055A (en) * 1981-09-30 1983-04-09 大建工業株式会社 Production of fibrous molded body
IT1151747B (en) * 1982-04-27 1986-12-24 Montedison Spa TWO-COMPONENT SYNTHETIC FIBERS SUITABLE TO REPLACE CELULOSIC FIBERS IN PAPER AND EXTRA-PAPER FIELDS, AND PROCEDURE FOR THEIR PREPARATION

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE57548T1 (en) 1990-11-15
FR2596075A1 (en) 1987-09-25
DE3765560D1 (en) 1990-11-22
EP0238422A1 (en) 1987-09-23
GR3000957T3 (en) 1991-12-10
FR2596075B1 (en) 1988-11-18
ES2018291B3 (en) 1991-04-01

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