EP0237352A2 - Düse - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0237352A2
EP0237352A2 EP87302148A EP87302148A EP0237352A2 EP 0237352 A2 EP0237352 A2 EP 0237352A2 EP 87302148 A EP87302148 A EP 87302148A EP 87302148 A EP87302148 A EP 87302148A EP 0237352 A2 EP0237352 A2 EP 0237352A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
conduit
gas
flow
slurry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87302148A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Charles W. Lipp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Chemical Co
Original Assignee
Dow Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Chemical Co filed Critical Dow Chemical Co
Publication of EP0237352A2 publication Critical patent/EP0237352A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details
    • F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0861—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with one single jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid and several gas jets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a two-fluid nozzle for atomizing a liquid-solid slurry.
  • Synthesis gas produced by the partial oxidation of a carbonaceous material can have its heating value upgraded by feeding the gas to a vertical upflow reactor for further reaction with an atomized carbonaceous slurry.
  • the most significant reactions to occur are between the fixed carbon provided by the carbonaceous slurry and the CO2 and water vapor content of the synthesis gas. These reactions yield CO and H2 which add to the heating value of the synthesis gas.
  • the reactions are endothermic and avail themselves of the heat contained in the synthesis gas feed which is at a temperature in the range of from 1090°C to 1650°C and typically 1370°C.
  • the synthesis gas is usually obtained as the direct outflow from an entrained flow gasifier and fed to a vertical flow reactor.
  • Vertical flow reactors can be either of the upflow or downflow type.
  • the carbonaceous slurry is comprised of water and particulate coal and generally contains approximately 50 weight percent water.
  • the carbonaceous slurry is fed to the vertical flow reactor in an atomized state and is preferably directed into the synthesis gas so as to effect a uniform dispersion of the carbonaceous slurry and the synthesis gas.
  • the nozzle of this invention is particularly suitable for use in atomizing a water-coal slurry fed to a vertical flow reactor.
  • the coal is provided to the slurry in a finely ground state so that substantially all of it passes through an ASTM E 11-70C Sieve Designation Standard 1.40mm (U.S. Series No. 14) and at least 80 percent passes through an ASTM E 11-70C Sieve Designation Standard 425 ⁇ m (U.S. Series No. 40).
  • the atomizing gas fed to the nozzle is preferably steam; however, other gases such as, for example, nitrogen and synthesis gas may be utilized.
  • the two-fluid mixing nozzle of this invention comprises an elongate central conduit for the flow of the liquid-solid slurry through the nozzle.
  • the liquid-solid slurry is introduced into or adjacent the distal end of the central conduit and is discharged from its discharge, i.e., proximate, end.
  • the central conduit can be provided by the interior wall of an elongate pipe.
  • an elongate annular conduit Surrounding at least a portion of the length of the central conduit is an elongate annular conduit. The annular conduit is used for the cocurrent flow of the atomizing gas through the nozzle.
  • the gas is introduced into or adjacent the distal end of the annular conduit and is communicated from its discharge, i.e., proximate, end of the annular conduit to a plurality of discharge conduits, hereinafter described.
  • the annular conduit is coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the central conduit.
  • the central conduit is formed by a tube
  • the annular conduit is conveniently defined by the outside wall of the tube and inside wall of a larger diameter tube which is coaxial with the first.
  • discharge conduits In gas communication with the annular conduit are the hereinbefore-mentioned plurality of discharge conduits (ports). These discharge conduits each discharge the gas communicated to them at an angle "a" within the range of from 10° to 80° with respect to an outward extension of the longitudinal axis of the central conduit.
  • the discharge conduits are also peripherally located with respect to the discharge end of the central conduit.
  • angle "a" at which each discharge conduit directs the gas communicated to it be within the range of from 55° to 65° with respect to the outward extension of the longitudinal axis of the central conduit.
  • angle selection is by empirical methods.
  • the discharged conduits be substantially equidistantly spaced from one another and substantially equidistantly displaced from the longitudinal axis of the central conduit.
  • the discharge conduits can be dimensioned to have a total cross-sectional area for flow which is less than the cross-sectional area for flow provided by the annular conduit.
  • Nozzle 10 includes an elongate outer tube which has an inside wall 14. Coaxially located within outer tube 12 is central tube 16. Central tube 16 is maintained in this coaxial position by means of two sets of spacers. One set of spacers comprises spacers 30, 31 and a third spacer, not shown, while the other set of spacers comprises spacers 32, 33 and a third spacer, not shown.
  • the spacers are preferably of a narrow width and, in each set, are located 120° from one another.
  • Nozzle 10 provides an annular conduit 35 for gaseous flow through the nozzle by means of inside wall 14 of outside tube 12 and outside wall 18 of central tube 16. Also provided by nozzle 10 is central conduit 36 which is defined by inside wall 20 of central tube 16.
  • the liquid-solid slurry is fed into the distal end or portion 19 of central pipe 16 and is discharged therefrom at its discharge end 21.
  • the gas which will be utilized to atomize the liquid-solid slurry, is introduced via feed conduit 13 to annular conduit 35 at the distal end or portion 15 of outer tube 12 and is discharged through a plurality of discharge conduits 22, 23, 24 and 25 located at the discharge end 17 of annular conduit 35.
  • the number of discharge conduits can vary over a wide range, say, from 3 to 500 conduits. Generally, 3 to 20 conduits are preferred.
  • the discharge conduit open onto nozzle tip face 29 and are equidistantly spaced from one another and from the longitudinal axis of central tube 16.
  • Nozzle tip face 29 is substantially coplanar with the discharge end 21 of central tube 16.
  • substantially coplanar it is meant that nozzle tip face 29 and discharge end 21 are within 0 to 2.54 cm of being in a true coplanar relationship.
  • the discharge conduits each have two portions, an intermediate portion and an angled portion.
  • the angled portion extends from the intermediate portion at an angle "a" within the range of from 10° to 80° with respect to an outward extension of the longitudinal axis of the central tube 16.
  • angle "a” is preferably from 55° to 65°.
  • the intermediate portions are designated by the numerals 22 a and 24 a , respectively, and the angled portions are designated by the numerals 22 b and 24 b , respectively.
  • Discharge conduits 23 and 25 are similarly configured. The total cross-sectional area for flow of the three discharge conduits measured at their intermediate portions is less than that for annular conduit 35.
  • each of the angled portions of the discharge conduits is less than that provided by each intermediate portion associated with its angled portion partner.
  • the velocity of the gas being discharged from nozzle 10 is much higher than the velocity of the gas as it passes through annular conduit 35. This increase in gas velocity results in better atomization of the slurry by shearing and disintegration of the liquid-solid slurry being discharged from central conduit 36.
  • nozzle 10 Sizing of the various conduits and the selection of the angles for the discharge conduits are dependent upon the gas reactant feed rate to the reactor, the liquid-solid slurry composition and feed rate, the atomizing gas feed rate and its velocity of discharge from the discharge conduits and the degree of atomization sought. As mentioned previously, such determination is made empirically. For example, after empirical study, it was found that nozzle 10 could be specified as follows: outside tube 12 3/4" (19 mm) diameter 310 SS SCH. 40 central tube 16 1/8" (3.175 mm) diameter 310 SS SCH. 40 intermediate portions of discharge conduits 22, 23, 24 and 25 3/16" (4.76 mm) diameter angled portions of discharge conduits 22, 23, 24 and 25 3/32" (2.38 mm) diameter at an angle of 70° with longitudinal axis of pipe 16.
  • Such a nozzle provides a good atomized water-­coal feed to a vertical flow reactor which has fed, to its bottom, synthesis gas flowing at the rate of 380 actual cubic ft/hour (0.003 m3/s).
  • the water-coal slurry is fed to the nozzle at a rate of 42 gallons/hour (0.0441 l/s) while the atomizing gas, i.e., steam, is fed to the nozzle at a rate of 50 lbs/hour (22.68 kg/hr).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
EP87302148A 1986-03-12 1987-03-12 Düse Withdrawn EP0237352A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US83930086A 1986-03-12 1986-03-12
US839300 1986-03-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0237352A2 true EP0237352A2 (de) 1987-09-16

Family

ID=25279363

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87302148A Withdrawn EP0237352A2 (de) 1986-03-12 1987-03-12 Düse

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0237352A2 (de)
KR (1) KR870009178A (de)
AU (1) AU6987387A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995034224A1 (en) * 1994-06-14 1995-12-21 General Mills, Inc. Drum coating: apparatus and methods
WO1997011784A1 (en) * 1995-09-25 1997-04-03 Aplicator System Ab A nozzle and a method for feeding thermosetting plastic

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995034224A1 (en) * 1994-06-14 1995-12-21 General Mills, Inc. Drum coating: apparatus and methods
US5876775A (en) * 1994-06-14 1999-03-02 General Mills, Inc. Topical coating applying apparatus and methods
US5968572A (en) * 1994-06-14 1999-10-19 General Mills, Inc. Topical coating applying apparatus and methods
US6036115A (en) * 1994-06-14 2000-03-14 General Mills, Inc. Steam assisted sugar coating discharge nozzle
WO1997011784A1 (en) * 1995-09-25 1997-04-03 Aplicator System Ab A nozzle and a method for feeding thermosetting plastic
RU2152265C2 (ru) * 1995-09-25 2000-07-10 Апликатор Систем АБ Насадок
US6113013A (en) * 1995-09-25 2000-09-05 Aplicator System Ab Nozzle and a method for feeding thermosetting plastic

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR870009178A (ko) 1987-10-24
AU6987387A (en) 1987-09-17

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Withdrawal date: 19870811

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Inventor name: LIPP, CHARLES W.