EP0236883B1 - Device for producing a detoxicating emulsion for combat agents - Google Patents

Device for producing a detoxicating emulsion for combat agents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0236883B1
EP0236883B1 EP87102869A EP87102869A EP0236883B1 EP 0236883 B1 EP0236883 B1 EP 0236883B1 EP 87102869 A EP87102869 A EP 87102869A EP 87102869 A EP87102869 A EP 87102869A EP 0236883 B1 EP0236883 B1 EP 0236883B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
mixing
water
mixing container
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87102869A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0236883A3 (en
EP0236883A2 (en
Inventor
Reinhold Straus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cessione reinhold Straus
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Odenwaldwerke Rittersbach GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19863607424 external-priority patent/DE3607424A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19863616744 external-priority patent/DE3616744A1/en
Application filed by Odenwaldwerke Rittersbach GmbH filed Critical Odenwaldwerke Rittersbach GmbH
Priority to AT87102869T priority Critical patent/ATE76764T1/en
Publication of EP0236883A2 publication Critical patent/EP0236883A2/en
Publication of EP0236883A3 publication Critical patent/EP0236883A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0236883B1 publication Critical patent/EP0236883B1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/38Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by oxidation; by combustion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41Emulsifying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/56Mixing liquids with solids by introducing solids in liquids, e.g. dispersing or dissolving
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/59Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/02Chemical warfare substances, e.g. cholinesterase inhibitors
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2203/00Aspects of processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change in the substances
    • A62D2203/10Apparatus specially adapted for treating harmful chemical agents; Details thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for producing a detoxification emulsion for ABC warfare agents, in which the components of the detoxification emulsion are mixed according to a predetermined recipe, namely calcium hypochlorite in powdery to granular form, perchlorethylene, an emulsifier and water and sprayed under pressure.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the above-mentioned method.
  • an emulsion with a specific recipe is used, which is produced according to a very time-consuming process. It consists of: 7.5% by weight calcium hypochlorite, powdery to granular, 0.8 weight percent emulsifier, 15 percent by weight perchlorethylene, 76.7 weight percent water.
  • Such a detoxification emulsion is known, for example, from DE-C-3 047919.
  • the preparation time takes about 30 minutes according to the known methods.
  • Another problem is that the emulsion is tank-wise (about 1,500 liters), so that often larger quantities remain unused.
  • a certain sequence is required for logistical and technical reasons, since the admixing is done manually.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a direct application process in which a considerable increase in the previous capacity is possible while maintaining the previous recipe and better utilization of the substance is achieved. It should also be possible to achieve perfect emulsion formation without raising the temperature.
  • This object is achieved according to a method of the type mentioned at the outset by metering the components of the detoxification emulsion into a pressurized water stream and mixing them in individual mixing sections to give the finished emulsion.
  • An advantageous process step is that in a first stage perchlorethylene as a solvent with the emulsifier is premixed to the water and in a second stage a slurry of water and calcium hypochlorite is formed as a means of destroying the ABC warfare agents or dry calcium hypochlorite in an appropriate amount to the premix is added.
  • An advantageous process step is that a highly concentrated pre-emulsion is formed in a first stage, which is prepared in a second stage with the addition of the missing amount of water to the application emulsion.
  • Another preferred process step provides that the mixture is passed through an emulsion accelerator (inliner).
  • the flow rate is increased in the area of the mixing sections immediately after the calcium hypochlorite / water mixture metering.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the device provides that the mixing container is provided with a level control which controls a cellular wheel sluice or screw conveyor as a metered feed and a switching valve as a metering device.
  • the procedure is preferably such that the premixing container is provided with flow orifices.
  • a metering pump is provided as the metering device for the mixing container.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the device provides that a water flow divider is arranged in the main line in front of the feed lines to the chemical containers, the partial flow line being supplied in the rear area of the premixing container.
  • the partial flow line advantageously opens into the premixing tank in several stages.
  • an inliner is provided in the feed line from the mixing container with the calcium hypochlorite slurry.
  • Each discharge lance is advantageously provided with an additional mixing container.
  • a flow meter is provided in the main line in front of the premixing container, which is the metering pumps controls and provides speed control of the main pump.
  • the main pump is arranged as a feed and mixing pump in a short circuit to the premix container.
  • the main pump is operated according to the displacer hydrostatic principle and is brought up to speed in accordance with the connected discharge lances.
  • premixing container be arranged vertically and have mixing orifices inclined to the direction of flow.
  • the premixing container advantageously has an agitator.
  • a mixing blade or a mixing blade be arranged in an eccentric manner in the premixing container.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the main line is connected to a line network, a water motor coupled to the metering pumps being arranged in the main line.
  • a float direct control is provided as the level position for the first mixing tank.
  • the pre-mixing container is designed as a rotary mixer with a forced deflection.
  • the water supply from the main line, together with the mixture of perchlorethylene and emulsifier be controlled by the level control, the Mixing container can be supplied, and that the main pump is connected to the mixing container in a short circuit.
  • the procedure is preferably such that the mixture is supplied by a jet directed laterally in the mixing container against a baffle plate, a container with cellular wheel sluice for the calcium hypochlorite being provided above the jet.
  • the mixture is preferably fed in such a way that the individual cells of the lock are rinsed free.
  • a pump is connected to the main line or that the water flows through a pressure reducer and a switchable throttle valve.
  • Another preferred device is that the bottom region of the mixing container is designed as a mixing chamber for the main emulsion and the partial flow line branched off from the flow divider is connected to the mixing chamber.
  • the level control be adjustable in height.
  • a further advantageous embodiment provides that the first mixing container is provided with a pressure-free, vertically arranged rotary mixer with forced deflection plates, the upper container area being provided as the second mixing section and the lower container area for forming the main emulsion.
  • an additional pump is connected to the main line, which is connected to the lower tank area via the partial flow line is connected and which can be bridged via a three-way valve and a parallel line for the start-up phase.
  • the mixing container has an obliquely arranged and sloping trough which is divided into small, upwardly open containers with the aid of intermediate walls, a swivel stirrer being arranged in the mixing container.
  • an independent temperature-controlled instantaneous water heater system with a pump is connected to an inlet line to the mixing vessel with a connection and a return line to the vessel with a connection.
  • a water heater is arranged in a return line of the container.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage of a considerable increase in the spreading capacity, with the remaining large quantities being avoided. It has been found that the intended sequence for bringing the individual emulsion components together, namely water, then perchlorethylene with emulsifier and then calcium hypochlorite brings the shortest emulsification times. Other orders delay the emulsion.
  • the structure of the device provided for carrying out the method is simple and robust and enables simple operation. She is here resistant to all emulsion components. It is also possible to use known and proven devices.
  • the device shown in Figure 1 has a water tank 1, from which the water used for the method is removed.
  • the water is withdrawn via a main pump 2, on the pressure side of which the water is pumped back into the container 1 via a short circuit 4 with a pressure-maintaining safety valve 3 can be.
  • the main pump is dimensioned so that there is a defined pressure in the system even when all consumers are switched on.
  • the pressure-maintaining safety valve 3 has a very flat characteristic, which ensures that the system pressure remains constant regardless of the flow rate. This ensures that the system pressure remains virtually constant regardless of the consumers connected, with appropriately dimensioned line cross sections.
  • presupposing the respective consumer flow which is predetermined, by means of individual discharge lances 14 arranged on the main line 12, as an almost constant measured variable, due to the remaining viscosity.
  • a water line 5 branches off from the main line 12 and opens into a mixing container 7 via a connecting valve 6.
  • a container 29, which contains calcium hypochlorite granules or powder, is arranged on this mixing container 7.
  • a cellular wheel sluice 8 is provided between the containers 7, 29, a slurry of calcium hypochlorite and water being formed in the container 7, the mixing ratio of which is approximately 1: 1.
  • the connecting valve 6 and the rotary valve 8 are together or via a level control 15. switched off.
  • This mixing ratio has the advantage that a relatively small mixing container 7 is possible.
  • an agitator 31 is provided in the mixing container 7.
  • a feed line 32 is provided for a container 9 which contains a mixture of perchlorethylene and an emulsifier. This mixture is fed to the main line 12 via a metering pump 10.
  • the main line 12 opens then into a premixing tank 13.
  • a line 33 opens into this premixing tank 13, which is connected to the mixing tank 7 and metered in the slurry of water and calcium hypochlorite via a metering pump 11.
  • An inliner (emulsion accelerator) 34 is located after the premixing container 13 in order to obtain an immediate emulsion in accordance with the specified recipe. In this inliner 34, the particles are additionally comminuted and mixed under high hydrodynamic pressure and shear influences.
  • a first mixing section 36 is maintained in front of the inliner 34 between the confluence of the line 32 and the line 33 and a second mixing section 37 for the complete formulation between the confluence of the line 33 and the inliner 34.
  • the metering pumps 10, 11 are controlled in dependence on the discharge lances 14 which are respectively switched on, via flow switches 35.
  • a larger mixing container 13 adapted to the development time is provided, in which flow orifices 16 are installed in order to achieve better mixing.
  • the flow orifices 16 are kept narrow up to the area of the gradual emulsion formation, which results in a higher flow rate there.
  • the device shown in Fig. 3 has a water tank 1, from which the used water is removed. The removal takes place via a main pump 2, on the pressure side of which the water can be pumped back into the container 1 via a short circuit 4 with a pressure-maintaining safety valve 3. Furthermore, a water pipe 5 leads from the water tank 1 to a mixing tank 7, on which a tank 29 is arranged, the calcium hypochlorite granules or contains powder. A cellular wheel sluice 8 is provided between the containers 7, 29, a slurry of calcium hypochlorite and water being formed in the container and the water content being approximately 10% of the total mixture.
  • a metering pump 17 is installed in the line 5, which is coupled to the cellular wheel sluice 8 and which is connected to a level controller 15. is switched off.
  • a container 9 is connected to the line 12 via a supply line 32 and contains a mixture of perchlorethylene and an emulsifier. This mixture is fed to the main line 12 via a metering pump 10.
  • a line 33 opens into the premixing tank 13, which is connected to the mixing tank 7 and doses the slurry of water and calcium hypochlorite via a metering pump 11.
  • Flow orifices 16 are installed in the premix container 13.
  • the first and second mixing sections 36 and 37 are identified accordingly.
  • the premixing container 13 Before the slurry consisting of calcium hypochlorite and water is fed to the premixing container 13, it passes through an inliner 53, as a result of which the calcium hypochlorite granules are greatly refined and flocculation in the emulsion in the lower region is avoided. Flaking is less problematic at temperatures above 25 ° C.
  • a water flow divider 50 is arranged in the main line 12, a partial flow line 51 opening into the end region of the mixing container 13 in several stages, for example in a region 52.
  • the amount of water supplied directly via the line 12 in connection with the amount of water coming from the container 7 results in a share of about 20 to 40%.
  • the second stream via line 51 adds 76.7 percent by weight of water to the missing amount.
  • a highly concentrated pre-emulsion is prepared in the first stage and only the application emulsion corresponding to the recipe described is prepared in the second stage.
  • the following procedure is required: First, about 20 to 40% (weight percent) of water is mixed with pre-mixed 15.8% perchlorethylene and emulsifier and then 7.5% calcium hypochlorite is introduced and kept in motion so that after about 10 to 60 seconds a pre-emulsion is created. If in the second stage the 76.7% amount of water is slowly added, the main emulsion is formed almost without delay.
  • the pre-emulsion formation is delayed, but has no influence on the time behavior of the main emulsion. If a higher viscosity of the emulsion is required, it is possible to change this by changing the recipe (e.g. increasing the water content after the finished emulsion) or by changing the hydrodynamic influence upwards.
  • a metering pump 17 is provided instead of the connection valve 6 as a metering device, which is coupled to the cellular wheel sluice 8 and is switched on and off via the level control 15. Furthermore, each discharge lance 14 is assigned a small additional mixing container 18 in which flow orifices are arranged. This has the advantage that when, for example, only a lance 14 after the end of the decontamination work, there are much smaller amounts of emulsion lost, after the work not having to empty a large container, for example in the embodiment according to FIG. 2.
  • a flow meter 19 is provided on the pressure side of the main pump 2 and after the short-circuit circuit 4 in the main line 12, which controls the metering pumps 10, 11 and controls the speed of the main pump 2.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5 can also be operated via a water supply network, but the upstream connection of a pressure reducer is required to generate defined conditions
  • the main pump 2 is switched so that it is used as a feed and mixing pump at the same time.
  • a short circuit 4 is formed via the premixing tank 13, the valve 3 having the task of ensuring a certain pressure on the pressure side of the system and diverting a partial flow when the discharge lances 14 are open and diverting the main flow in the short circuit when the discharge lances are closed.
  • Such a system has the advantage that the media brought together, for example when using a centrifugal pump, immediately experience a hydrodynamic mixing effect and the emulsion in the mixing container 13 still has time to develop. Since the amount of circulation is much greater than the inflow or outflow and the liquid always remains in motion, there is no danger that 13 calcium hypochlorite particles will settle in the mixing container.
  • the Water tank 1 is only ever removed from water when emulsion is discharged via the lances 14. There is also the possibility of controlling the pump speed as a function of the amount withdrawn via the control switches 35 on the lances 14, 14.
  • the metering pumps 10, 11 are switched off and the pump speed is reduced so that the valve 3 no longer responds.
  • the pump 2 used is resistant to aggressive emulsions.
  • the main pump 2 works according to the displacement principle (hydrostatic). This ensures that a speed-proportional delivery takes place, the speed being a parameter for the circulation quantity. If emulsion is needed, the pump 2 is brought to a speed corresponding to the number of lances 14 connected. At the same time, the metering pumps 10, 11 are switched on with the aid of a coupling 38. Since the individual switching stages also have an effect on the metering pumps 10, 11, metering in proportion to the respective flow rates is ensured.
  • the main pump 2 runs at a basic speed and the flow flows through the short circuit 4 back into the tank. There is no metering here, since the metering pumps 10, 11 are switched off.
  • a vertically arranged premixing container 13 ' is provided, in which mixing orifices 20 inclined to the direction of flow are arranged. Sedimentation of calcium hypochlorite particles even at low flow rates is avoided. The water flow in the container 13 'takes place from top to bottom.
  • FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the container 13 ', an agitator 21 being arranged in this container 13'.
  • This agitator 21 must be designed so that particle deposition is avoided on the one hand and on the other hand a safe emulsion formation is possible.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show a different design of the container 13 ', the container being switched into the main line 12 in such a way that it is flowed through from bottom to top.
  • a mixing blade 22 which is held on the top of the container on a rubber bearing 39 and which is moved back and forth via an eccentric drive 40.
  • the blade of the blade 22 is provided with holes 41.
  • the container 13 'can also be provided with a mixing blade 23 which tapers to the bottom or can be designed as a cone.
  • FIG. 13 Here, a water motor 25 is inserted into the main line 12, the metering pumps 10, 11 being directly coupled to the water motor 25 and inevitably metering in only when the motor 25 is running. The rotational movement of the motor 25 is dependent on the emulsion consumption taking place on the lances 14. The rotary valve 8 and the metering pump 17 are only then switched on when the level control 15 responds. A battery operated clutch 42 is provided for this.
  • the agitator 31 is either directly coupled or battery operated. To avoid exhaustion of the system due to used batteries, it is possible to provide a mains-dependent charger or a small alternator with regulator device.
  • the entire drive energy for the emulsifying device is taken from the water stream 24, for example from any water supply network.
  • the pressure level should be 4 to 6 bar.
  • a water motor 25 is inserted into the main line 12, the metering pumps 10, 11 being directly coupled to the water motor and inevitably metering in only when the motor 25 is running. The rotational movement of the motor 25 is dependent on the emulsion consumption taking place on the lances 14.
  • the consumption of the calcium hypochlorite / water mixture is compensated for by the fact that a continuously functioning direct float control 54 regulates the flow to the water motor 17. With the help of a permanent bypass 55, it is possible to prevent the drive from coming to a complete standstill and thus to prevent the calcium hypochlorite aggregates from settling.
  • a rotary mixer 13 instead of the static mixer 13, it is also possible to use a rotary mixer 13 'with forced deflection, specifically when there is a risk that particles may become trapped due to the flow velocity being too low discontinue and there is insufficient mixing.
  • a water drive such a mixer is driven by the water motor or another electrical drive at a suitable speed.
  • disks are attached to the rotating shaft, which in turn have a carrier function for mixing blades. Rigid disks are provided on the outer tube as deflection panels.
  • FIG. 15 shows an embodiment of the device in which a feed pump 30 is arranged in the main line 12, which is mechanically coupled to the metering pump 10 for the mixture of perchlorethylene and emulsifier and the cellular wheel sluice 8, the drive being effected by a motor 43.
  • the mixture of water and perchlorethylene with the emulsifier is introduced laterally into the mixing container 7 via a feed 26, the jet 27 being directed against a baffle plate 28 arranged in the container 7.
  • Calcium hypochlorite 8 also enters beam 27 via the rotary valve.
  • the motor 43 switches here via the commands of the level control 15.
  • the water pump 30 can be omitted if the system is connected to a water supply network and either the amount between the minimum and the maximum level control is used as a measure of the admixture of water, or if the water coming from the supply network flows via a pressure reducer and a switchable throttle valve , so that a defined water flow can be assumed.
  • the mixture is drawn off from the bottom of the container 7 via the main pump 2 and pumped back into the container 7 via the short circuit 4 above the bottom.
  • the main pump is dimensioned such that more and more emulsion is brought into circulation via the short-circuit circuit 4 than is used in the maximum case.
  • Turbulence is generated during the flow through the container 7, which keeps the overlying emulsion under development in motion and thus prevents the calcium hypochlorite particles from settling. This ensures that always fully developed emulsion is pumped to the lances 14. If necessary, the agitator 31 can also be provided.
  • the amount of reflux via line 4 depends on the lances 14 in use, i.e. the more lances 14 are switched on, the smaller the amount of reflux in short-circuit line 4.
  • the container 7 is dimensioned such that the time between the inflow and outflow is greater than the development time of the emulsion even with a maximum emulsion consumption. This ensures that undeveloped emulsion is applied.
  • the pump speed or delivery rate can also be adjusted manually or automatically for energy reasons.
  • the main pump 2 must have a resistant design.
  • a feed pump 30 is arranged in the main line 12 and is mechanically coupled to a metering pump 10 for the mixture of perchlorethylene and emulsifier and the rotary valve 8, the drive being effected by a motor 43.
  • the mixture of water and perchlorethylene and emulsifier is added to the side of the mixing container 7 via a feed 26, the Beam 27 is directed against a baffle plate 28 arranged in the container 7. Calcium hypochlorite 8 also enters beam 27 via the rotary valve.
  • the motor 43 switches here via the commands of the level control 15.
  • the flow divider 50 is arranged downstream of the pump 30 and the partial flow line 51 leads to a mixing chamber 56 installed in the lower region of the mixing container 7, in which individual flow orifices are arranged.
  • the pre-emulsion with a 20 to 40% (weight percent) water content, 15.8% perchlorethylene and emulsifier and 7.5% calcium hypochlorite is created in the tank 7 with the aid of the slow-running stirrer 31.
  • the main emulsion is then in the Mixing chamber 56 located underneath.
  • the level control 15 is designed to be height-adjustable. Furthermore, a further pump 57 can be provided parallel to the pump 30.
  • an unpressurized, vertically arranged rotary mixer 58 with forced deflection is used.
  • forced deflection plates 59 are attached to the inside of the container.
  • the upper area of the container 7, i.e. the area 37 serves to produce the described pre-emulsions, while the main emulsion is produced in stages in the lower area 52 of the container 7, so that the emulsion is ready when the short-circuit area 63 integrated below is reached.
  • the partial flow line is necessary for this period 51 to sleep. This is done by a three-way valve 60 in line 51, so that the pump 57 is short-circuited via a parallel line 61. After the pre-emulsion has formed in the area 52, the feed line 51 is then switched on again, so that the continuous emulsion can be removed.
  • the individual components are controlled via the level control described.
  • a trough sloping downwards is provided as the mixing container 7, which is divided into individual small, upwardly open containers with the aid of intermediate walls 64.
  • Stirrer plates 65 of a swivel stirrer 62 engage in these individual containers.
  • This swivel stirrer is shown in cross-section in a small picture at the top right in FIG. 18.
  • the individual stirring plates perform a back and forth movement.
  • the stirring plates 65 engage in the individual containers in such a way that no suspended and heavy particles settle in the corners and on the floor, particularly in the pre-emulsification region 37 during stirring.
  • the stirring process can be optimally adapted to the requirements of emulsion formation.
  • the components of the premix get under the action of the stirrer 62 through the area 37 'in 37''. Only when this area is full to the point of overflow does the pre-emulsion, which has previously been created due to the coordinated fill and volume proportions, reach the area 37 '''and52'.
  • the area 37 ''' serves only for the safety of the pre-emulsion formation.
  • the individual partition walls 64 which delimit the steps have different heights, so that alternating underflow or inundation can occur during the passage.
  • the development of the main emulsion begins in area 52 'and continues in area 52' 'and 52' ''. Completely developed emulsion reaches the short-circuit area 63.
  • the residual water flow 51 can in turn be switched on in stages using the three-way valve 60 or a continuous control.
  • the three-way tap 60 can be continuously adjusted so that any partial flow flows back via line 61 and so the amount of water in line 51 is continuously variable for the purpose of changing the formulation, e.g. with extremely cold water, can be regulated.
  • Such an overflow system has the advantage that, from certain operating states, fractions which prevent the emulsion from forming do not form uncontrollably in the individual areas and unintentionally due to the settling of suspended particles in deep-seated zones.
  • the dividing walls can possibly be completely omitted if corresponding inaccuracies in the mixing are permitted. This also applies analogously to FIG. 14, position 13 '.
  • the water stream 26 can also be used for cell cleaning when introduced transversely to the cells.
  • An autonomous temperature-controlled instantaneous water heater system 72 can be connected between the line connections 67 and 68. There is also the possibility of installing a continuous-flow heater 73 in the return line 69, to which liquid can be supplied via a three-way valve 71.
  • This embodiment is advantageous because the mixing container 7 with a few simple steps by opening the Lid 70 is easily accessible and can be easily cleaned after use.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Entgiftungsemulsion für ABC-Kampfstoffe, bei dem die Komponenten der Entgiftungsemulsion nach einer vorgegebenen Rezeptur, nämlich Calziumhypochlorit in pulvriger bis Granulatform, Perchloräthylen, einem Emulgator und Wasser gemischt und unter Druck verspritzt werden.The invention relates to a process for producing a detoxification emulsion for ABC warfare agents, in which the components of the detoxification emulsion are mixed according to a predetermined recipe, namely calcium hypochlorite in powdery to granular form, perchlorethylene, an emulsifier and water and sprayed under pressure.

Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des obenerwähnten Verfahrens.The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the above-mentioned method.

Für die Dekontamination von Geräten und Gelände wird eine Emulsion mit einer bestimmten Rezeptur verwendet, die nach einem vorgegebenen sehr zeitaufwendigen Verfahren hergestellt wird. Sie besteht aus:
7,5 Gewichtsprozent Calciumhypochlorit, pulvrig bis granulatförmig,
0,8 Gewichtsprozent Emulgator,
15 Gewichtsprozent Perchloräthylen,
76,7 Gewichtsprozent Wasser.
For the decontamination of devices and terrain, an emulsion with a specific recipe is used, which is produced according to a very time-consuming process. It consists of:
7.5% by weight calcium hypochlorite, powdery to granular,
0.8 weight percent emulsifier,
15 percent by weight perchlorethylene,
76.7 weight percent water.

Eine solche Entgiftungsemulsion ist, z.B., aus der Druckschrift DE-C-3 047919 bekannt.Such a detoxification emulsion is known, for example, from DE-C-3 047919.

Die Bereitungszeit dauert nach den bekannten Verfahren etwa 30 Minuten. Ein weiteres Problem besteht darin, daß die Emulsion tankweise (etwa 1.500 Liter) angesetzt wird, so daß häufig größere Restmengen unverwertet übrig bleiben. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren ist aus logistischen und technischen Gründen eine bestimmte Reihenfolge erforderlich, da die Zumischung manuell erfolgt.The preparation time takes about 30 minutes according to the known methods. Another problem is that the emulsion is tank-wise (about 1,500 liters), so that often larger quantities remain unused. In the known method, a certain sequence is required for logistical and technical reasons, since the admixing is done manually.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein direktes Ausbringverfahren vorzuschlagen, bei dem unter Erhalt der bisherigen Rezeptur eine erhebliche Steigerung der bisherigen Kapazität möglich ist und eine bessere Ausnutzung des Stoffes erzielt wird. Hierbei soll auch eine einwandfreie Emulsionsbildung ohne Anhebung der Temperatur erreichbar sein.The invention is based on the object of proposing a direct application process in which a considerable increase in the previous capacity is possible while maintaining the previous recipe and better utilization of the substance is achieved. It should also be possible to achieve perfect emulsion formation without raising the temperature.

Diese Aufgabe wird nach einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß einem unter Druck stehenden Wasserstrom die Komponenten der Entgiftungsemulsion zudosiert und in einzelnen Mischstrecken zur fertigen Emulsion gemischt werden.This object is achieved according to a method of the type mentioned at the outset by metering the components of the detoxification emulsion into a pressurized water stream and mixing them in individual mixing sections to give the finished emulsion.

Ein vorteilhafter Verfahrensschritt besteht darin, daß in einer ersten Stufe Perchloräthylen als Lösungsmittel mit dem Emulgator vorgemischt dem Wasser beigegeben wird und in einer zweiten Stufe ein Brei aus Wasser und Calciumhypochlorit als Mittel zum Vernichten der ABC-Kampfstoffe gebildet oder trockenes Calciumhypochlorit in entsprechender Menge dem Vorgemisch zugegeben wird.An advantageous process step is that in a first stage perchlorethylene as a solvent with the emulsifier is premixed to the water and in a second stage a slurry of water and calcium hypochlorite is formed as a means of destroying the ABC warfare agents or dry calcium hypochlorite in an appropriate amount to the premix is added.

Ein vorteilhafter Verfahrensschritt besteht darin, daß in einer ersten Stufe hochkonzentrierte Voremulsion gebildet wird, die in einer zweiten Stufe unter Beigabe der fehlenden Wassermenge zur Anwendungsemulsion aufbereitet wird.An advantageous process step is that a highly concentrated pre-emulsion is formed in a first stage, which is prepared in a second stage with the addition of the missing amount of water to the application emulsion.

Ein weiterer bevorzugter Verfahrensschritt sieht vor, daß das Gemisch durch einen Emulsionsbeschleuniger (Inliner) geleitet wird.Another preferred process step provides that the mixture is passed through an emulsion accelerator (inliner).

Nach einem anderen bevorzugten Verfahrensschritt geht man so vor, daß im Bereich der Mischstrecken unmittelbar nach der Calciumhypochlorit-Wassergemisch-Zudosierung die Fließgeschwindigkeit erhöht wird.According to another preferred process step, the flow rate is increased in the area of the mixing sections immediately after the calcium hypochlorite / water mixture metering.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens besteht darin, daß an einem Wasserbehälter eine Hauptpumpe angeschlossen ist, deren Druckseite über ein Druckhaltesicherheitsventil mit dem Tank in einem Kurzschlußkreislauf verbunden ist, daß an der Druckseite eine Wasserleitung mit einer Dosiereinrichtung zu einem Mischbehälter mit einer dosierten Zuführung für ein Mittel zum Vernichten der ABC-Kampfstoffe angeordnet ist, daß nach der vorstehenden Wasserleitung ein Behälter für das Gemisch aus einem Lösungsmittel und dem Emulgator über eine Dosierpumpe angeschlossen ist, daß der Mischbehälter über eine weitere Dosierpumpe mit der Hauptleitung verbunden ist, in die ein Vormischbehälter stromabwärts von der Wasserleitung eingesetzt ist, dem Ausbringlanzen nachgeordnet sind.A device according to the invention for performing the method is that a main pump is connected to a water tank, the pressure side of which is connected to the tank in a short-circuit circuit via a pressure-maintaining safety valve, that on the pressure side a water pipe with a metering device to a mixing tank with a metered supply for a means of destroying the ABC warfare agents is arranged after the above water pipe Container for the mixture of a solvent and the emulsifier is connected via a metering pump, that the mixing tank is connected via a further metering pump to the main line, in which a premixing tank is inserted downstream of the water line, the discharge lances are arranged downstream.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung sieht vor, daß der Mischbehälter mit einer Niveausteuerung versehen ist, die eine Zellradschleuse oder Förderschnecke als dosierte Zuführung und ein Zuschaltventil als Dosiereinrichtung steuert.An advantageous embodiment of the device provides that the mixing container is provided with a level control which controls a cellular wheel sluice or screw conveyor as a metered feed and a switching valve as a metering device.

Weiterhin geht man bevorzugt so vor, daß der Vormischbehälter mit Strömungsblenden versehen ist.Furthermore, the procedure is preferably such that the premixing container is provided with flow orifices.

Es ist vorteilhaft, daß als Dosiereinrichtung zum Mischbehälter eine Dosierpumpe vorgesehen ist.It is advantageous that a metering pump is provided as the metering device for the mixing container.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung sieht vor, daß in die Hauptleitung vor den Zuleitungen zu den Chemikalienbehältern ein Wassermengenteiler angeordnet ist, wobei die Teilstromleitung im hinteren Bereich des Vormischbehälters zugeführt wird.An advantageous embodiment of the device provides that a water flow divider is arranged in the main line in front of the feed lines to the chemical containers, the partial flow line being supplied in the rear area of the premixing container.

Vorteilhaft mündet die Teilstromleitung mehrstufig in den Vormischbehälter.The partial flow line advantageously opens into the premixing tank in several stages.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, daß in der Zuleitung vom Mischbehälter mit dem Calciumhypochlorit-Brei ein Inliner vorgesehen ist.It is also advantageous that an inliner is provided in the feed line from the mixing container with the calcium hypochlorite slurry.

Vorteilhaft ist jede Ausbringlanze mit einem Zusatzmischbehälter versehen.Each discharge lance is advantageously provided with an additional mixing container.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß in der Hauptleitung vor dem Vormischbehälter ein Durchflußmengenmesser vorgesehen ist, der die Dosierpumpen steuert und eine Drehzahlsteuerung der Hauptpumpe vorsieht.Another advantageous embodiment is that a flow meter is provided in the main line in front of the premixing container, which is the metering pumps controls and provides speed control of the main pump.

Es ist weiterhin vorteilhaft, daß die Hauptpumpe als Förder- und Mischpumpe in einem Kurzschlußkreislauf zum Vormischbehälter angeordnet ist.It is also advantageous that the main pump is arranged as a feed and mixing pump in a short circuit to the premix container.

Nach einem weiteren bevorzugten Vorschlag geht man so vor, daß die Hauptpumpe nach dem Verdränger-Hydrostatik-Prinzip arbeitet und entsprechend der zugeschalteten Ausbringlanzen auf Drehzahl gebracht ist.According to a further preferred proposal, the main pump is operated according to the displacer hydrostatic principle and is brought up to speed in accordance with the connected discharge lances.

Es wird weiterhin Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, daß der Vormischbehälter vertikal angeordnet ist und zur Durchflußrichtung geneigte Mischblenden aufweist.It is furthermore preferably proposed that the premixing container be arranged vertically and have mixing orifices inclined to the direction of flow.

Vorteilhaft weist der Vormischbehälter ein Rührwerk auf.The premixing container advantageously has an agitator.

Es wird weiterhin Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, daß in dem Vormischbehälter eine Mischschaufel oder ein Mischblatt exzentergetrieben angeordnet ist.It is furthermore preferably proposed that a mixing blade or a mixing blade be arranged in an eccentric manner in the premixing container.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Hauptleitung an ein Leitungsnetz angeschlossen ist, wobei in der Hauptleitung ein mit den Dosierpumpen gekuppelter Wassermotor angeordnet ist.A further advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in that the main line is connected to a line network, a water motor coupled to the metering pumps being arranged in the main line.

Weiterhin wird Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, daß als Niveaustellung für den ersten Mischbehälter eine Schwimmer-Direktsteuerung vorgesehen ist.Furthermore, it is preferably proposed that a float direct control is provided as the level position for the first mixing tank.

Nach einem weiteren bevorzugten Vorschlag der Erfindung geht man so vor, daß der Vormischbehälter als Rotationsmischer mit Zwangsumlenkung ausgebildet ist.According to a further preferred proposal of the invention, the pre-mixing container is designed as a rotary mixer with a forced deflection.

Es wird Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, daß der Wasserzulauf von der Hauptleitung zusammen mit dem Gemisch aus Perchloräthylen und Emulgator von der Niveausteuerung gesteuert, dem Mischbehälter zuführbar ist, und daß die Hauptpumpe in einem Kurzschlußkreislauf am Mischbehälter angeschlossen ist.It is preferably proposed that the water supply from the main line, together with the mixture of perchlorethylene and emulsifier, be controlled by the level control, the Mixing container can be supplied, and that the main pump is connected to the mixing container in a short circuit.

Weiterhin geht man Vorzugsweise so vor, daß die Zuführung des Gemisches durch einen seitlich in dem Mischbehälter gegen eine Prallplatte gerichteten Strahl erfolgt, wobei oberhalb des Strahles ein Behälter mit Zellradschleuse für das Calciumhypochlorit vorgesehen ist.Furthermore, the procedure is preferably such that the mixture is supplied by a jet directed laterally in the mixing container against a baffle plate, a container with cellular wheel sluice for the calcium hypochlorite being provided above the jet.

Ferner wird das Gemisch Vorzugsweise so zugeführt, daß die einzelnen Zellen der Schleuse freigespült werden.Furthermore, the mixture is preferably fed in such a way that the individual cells of the lock are rinsed free.

Es wird weiterhin Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, daß in die Hauptleitung eine Pumpe geschaltet ist oder das Wasser über einen Druckminderer und ein zuschaltbares Drosselventil fließt.It is also preferably proposed that a pump is connected to the main line or that the water flows through a pressure reducer and a switchable throttle valve.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Vorrichtung besteht darin, daß der Bodenbereich des Mischbehälters als Mischkammer für die Hauptemulsion ausgebildet ist und die vom Mengenteiler abgezweigte Teilstromleitung an die Mischkammer angeschlossen ist.Another preferred device is that the bottom region of the mixing container is designed as a mixing chamber for the main emulsion and the partial flow line branched off from the flow divider is connected to the mixing chamber.

Es wird Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, daß die Niveausteuerung höhenverstellbar ist.It is preferably proposed that the level control be adjustable in height.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform sieht vor, daß der erste Mischbehälter mit einem drucklosen vertikal angeordneten Rotationsmischer mit Zwangsumlenkblechen versehen ist, wobei der obere Behälterbereich als zweite Mischstrecke und der untere Behälterbereich zum Bilden der Hauptemulsion vorgesehen ist.A further advantageous embodiment provides that the first mixing container is provided with a pressure-free, vertically arranged rotary mixer with forced deflection plates, the upper container area being provided as the second mixing section and the lower container area for forming the main emulsion.

Es wird weiterhin Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, daß an die Hauptleitung eine Zusatzpumpe angeschlossen ist, die über die Teilstromleitung mit dem unteren Behälterbereich verbunden ist und die über einen Dreiwegehahn und eine parallele Leitung für die Anfahrphase überbrückbar ist.It is furthermore preferably proposed that an additional pump is connected to the main line, which is connected to the lower tank area via the partial flow line is connected and which can be bridged via a three-way valve and a parallel line for the start-up phase.

Weiterhin wird Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, daß der Mischbehälter eine schräg angeordnete und abfallende Wanne aufweist, die mit Hilfe von Zwischenwänden in kleine, nach oben offene Behältnisse unterteilt ist, wobei in dem Mischbehälter ein Schwenkrührer angeordnet ist.Furthermore, it is preferably proposed that the mixing container has an obliquely arranged and sloping trough which is divided into small, upwardly open containers with the aid of intermediate walls, a swivel stirrer being arranged in the mixing container.

Ferner wird, wenn eine exakte Mischgenauigkeit nicht erforderlich ist, Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, auf die Zwischenwände zu verzichten, so daß die Emulsion sich während des Durchflusses durch den quer liegenden Behälter mit Hilfe des Schwenkrührers bildet.Furthermore, if an exact mixing accuracy is not required, it is preferably proposed to dispense with the partition walls so that the emulsion is formed during the flow through the transverse container with the aid of the swivel stirrer.

Es ist weiterhin vorteilhaft, daß an eine Zulaufleitung zum Mischbehälter mit einem Anschluß und eine Rücklaufleitung zum Behälter mit einem Anschluß ein selbständiges temperaturgeregeltes Durchlauferhitzersystem mit Pumpe angeschlossen ist.It is also advantageous that an independent temperature-controlled instantaneous water heater system with a pump is connected to an inlet line to the mixing vessel with a connection and a return line to the vessel with a connection.

Schließlich wird Vorzugsweise vorgeschlagen, daß in einer Rücklaufleitung des Behälters ein Durchlauferhitzer angeordnet ist.Finally, it is preferably proposed that a water heater is arranged in a return line of the container.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bringt den Vorteil einer erheblichen Erhöhung der Ausbringkapazität, wobei das Verbleiben von größeren Restmengen vermieden wird. Hierbei hat es sich herausgestellt, daß die vorgesehene Reihenfolge für das Zusammenführen der einzelnen Emulsionskomponenten, nämlich Wasser, anschließend Perchloräthylen mit Emulgator und anschließend Calciumhypochlorit die kürzesten Emulgierzeiten bringt. Andere Reihenfolgen führen verzögert zur Emulsion.The method according to the invention has the advantage of a considerable increase in the spreading capacity, with the remaining large quantities being avoided. It has been found that the intended sequence for bringing the individual emulsion components together, namely water, then perchlorethylene with emulsifier and then calcium hypochlorite brings the shortest emulsification times. Other orders delay the emulsion.

Die zum Durchführen des Verfahrens vorgesehene Vorrichtung ist in ihrem Aufbau einfach und robust und ermöglicht eine einfache Bedienung. Sie ist hierbei gegen alle Emulsionskomronenten resistent. Weiterhin ist es möglich, bekannte und bewährte Geräte zu verwenden.The structure of the device provided for carrying out the method is simple and robust and enables simple operation. She is here resistant to all emulsion components. It is also possible to use known and proven devices.

Die Erfindung wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail in the following description using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.

Es zeigen,

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausführungsform einer derartigen Vorrichtung in Form eines Schaltbildes,
Fig. 2
eine weitere Ausbildungsform der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 3
eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung in Form eines Schaltbildes,
Fig. 4
eine weitere Abwandlung der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 5
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 6
eine andere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 7
eine weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 8
eine weitere Abwandlung der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 9
eine Abwandlung der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig.8,
Fig. 10 und 11
eine andere Ausbildung des Vormischbehälters in Figur 9 im Aufriß und einer Seitenansicht,
Fig. 12
ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel für den Vormischbehälter,
Fig. 13
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für die Ausbildung der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 14
eine weitere Ausführungsform dieser Vorrichtung,
Fig. 15
eine weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 16
eine weitere Abwandlung der Vorrichtung,
Fig. 17
eine weitere Ausführungsform der in Fig. 16 dargestellten Vorrichtung und
Fig. 18
eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 16.
Show it,
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of such a device in the form of a circuit diagram,
Fig. 2
a further embodiment of the device,
Fig. 3
another embodiment of the device in the form of a circuit diagram,
Fig. 4
a further modification of the device,
Fig. 5
another embodiment of the device,
Fig. 6
another embodiment of the device,
Fig. 7
another embodiment of the device,
Fig. 8
a further modification of the device,
Fig. 9
a modification of the device according to FIG. 8,
10 and 11
another embodiment of the premix container in Figure 9 in elevation and a side view,
Fig. 12
another embodiment for the premix container,
Fig. 13
another embodiment for the design of the device,
Fig. 14
another embodiment of this device,
Fig. 15
another embodiment of the device,
Fig. 16
a further modification of the device,
Fig. 17
another embodiment of the device shown in Fig. 16 and
Fig. 18
a further embodiment of the device according to FIG. 16.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung besitzt einen Wasserbehälter 1, aus dem das für das Verfahren gebrauchte Wasser entnommen wird. Die Wasserentnahme erfolgt über eine Hauptpumpe 2, an deren Druckseite das Wasser über einen Kurzschlußkreislauf 4 mit Druckhaltesicherheitsventil 3 wieder in den Behälter 1 zurückgepumpt werden kann. Die Hauptpumpe ist so dimensioniert, daß selbst bei Zuschaltung aller Verbraucher ein definierter Druck im System herrscht. Das Druckhaltesicherheitsventil 3 besitzt eine sehr flache Charakteristik, die dafür sorgt, daß der Systemdruck fast durchflußmengenunabhängig konstant bleibt. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß der Systemdruck bei entsprechend dimensionierten Leitungsquerschnitten auch unabhängig von den zugeschalteten Verbrauchern nahezu konstant bleibt. Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit, den jeweiligen Verbraucherstrom, der vorgegeben wird, durch einzelne an die Hauptleitung 12 angeordnete Ausbringlanzen 14, aufgrund der verbleibenden Viskosität ebenfalls als nahezu konstante Meßgröße vorauszusetzen.The device shown in Figure 1 has a water tank 1, from which the water used for the method is removed. The water is withdrawn via a main pump 2, on the pressure side of which the water is pumped back into the container 1 via a short circuit 4 with a pressure-maintaining safety valve 3 can be. The main pump is dimensioned so that there is a defined pressure in the system even when all consumers are switched on. The pressure-maintaining safety valve 3 has a very flat characteristic, which ensures that the system pressure remains constant regardless of the flow rate. This ensures that the system pressure remains virtually constant regardless of the consumers connected, with appropriately dimensioned line cross sections. Furthermore, there is the possibility of presupposing the respective consumer flow, which is predetermined, by means of individual discharge lances 14 arranged on the main line 12, as an almost constant measured variable, due to the remaining viscosity.

Anschließend an den Kurzschlußkreislauf 4 zweigt von der Hauptleitung 12 eine Wasserleitung 5 ab, die über ein Zuschaltventil 6 in einen Mischbehälter 7 mündet. Auf diesem Mischbehälter 7 ist ein Behälter 29 angeordnet, der Calciumhypochlorit-Granulat oder Pulver enthält. Zur dosierten Zuführung dieses Stoffes ist zwischen den Behältern 7,29 eine Zellradschleuse 8 vorgesehen, wobei in dem Behälter 7 ein Brei aus Calciumhypochlorit und Wasser gebildet wird, dessen Mischungsverhältnis etwa 1 : 1 beträgt. Das Zuschaltventil 6 und die Zellradschleuse 8 werden gemeinsam über eine Niveausteuerung 15 zubzw. abgeschaltet. Dieses Mischungsverhältnis hat den Vorteil, daß ein verhältnismäßig kleiner Mischbehälter 7 möglich ist. Um eine gute Durchmischung des Breies und eine Vorzerkleinerung der Calciumhypochlorit-Granulate sicherzustellen, ist im Mischbehälter 7 ein Rührwerk 31 vorgesehen.Subsequent to the short circuit 4, a water line 5 branches off from the main line 12 and opens into a mixing container 7 via a connecting valve 6. A container 29, which contains calcium hypochlorite granules or powder, is arranged on this mixing container 7. For the metered supply of this substance, a cellular wheel sluice 8 is provided between the containers 7, 29, a slurry of calcium hypochlorite and water being formed in the container 7, the mixing ratio of which is approximately 1: 1. The connecting valve 6 and the rotary valve 8 are together or via a level control 15. switched off. This mixing ratio has the advantage that a relatively small mixing container 7 is possible. In order to ensure thorough mixing of the slurry and pre-comminution of the calcium hypochlorite granules, an agitator 31 is provided in the mixing container 7.

Nach der Abzweigung der Wasserleitung 5 ist eine Zuleitung 32 für einen Behälter 9 vorgesehen, der ein Gemisch aus Perchloräthylen und einem Emulgator enthält. Dieses Gemisch wird über eine Dosierpumpe 10 der Hauptleitung 12 zugeführt. Die Hauptleitung 12 mündet hiernach in einen Vormischbehälter 13. In diesen Vormischbehälter 13 mündet eine Leitung 33, die an den Mischbehälter 7 angeschlossen ist und den Brei aus Wasser und Calciumhypochlorit über eine Dosierpumpe 11 zudosiert. Anschließend an den Vormischbehälter 13 befindet sich ein Inliner (Emulsionsbeschleuniger) 34, um eine sofortige Emulsion entsprechend der vorgegebenen Rezeptur zu erhalten. In diesem Inliner 34 werden die Teilchen zusätzlich unter hohem hydrodynamischem Druck sowie Schereinflüssen zerkleinert und vermischt. Vor dem Inliner 34 wird zwischen der Einmündung der Leitung 32 und der Leitung 33 eine erste Mischsstrecke 36 und zwischen der Einmündung der Leitung 33 und dem Inliner 34 eine zweite Mischstrecke 37 für die komplette Rezeptur eingehalten. Die Dosierpumpen 1o,11 werden in Abhängigkeit zu den jeweils zugeschalteten Ausbringlanzen 14 über Strömungschalter 35 gesteuert.After the water line 5 has branched off, a feed line 32 is provided for a container 9 which contains a mixture of perchlorethylene and an emulsifier. This mixture is fed to the main line 12 via a metering pump 10. The main line 12 opens then into a premixing tank 13. A line 33 opens into this premixing tank 13, which is connected to the mixing tank 7 and metered in the slurry of water and calcium hypochlorite via a metering pump 11. An inliner (emulsion accelerator) 34 is located after the premixing container 13 in order to obtain an immediate emulsion in accordance with the specified recipe. In this inliner 34, the particles are additionally comminuted and mixed under high hydrodynamic pressure and shear influences. A first mixing section 36 is maintained in front of the inliner 34 between the confluence of the line 32 and the line 33 and a second mixing section 37 for the complete formulation between the confluence of the line 33 and the inliner 34. The metering pumps 10, 11 are controlled in dependence on the discharge lances 14 which are respectively switched on, via flow switches 35.

Bei der in Figur 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung ist an Stelle eines kleineren Vormischbehälters 13 und des Inliners 34 ein der Entwicklungszeit angepaßter größerer Mischbehälter 13 vorgesehen, in dem zum Erreichen einer besseren Durchmischung Strömungsblenden 16 eingebaut sind. Um ein Absetzen der Calciumhypochlorit-Partikel zu vermeiden, sind die Strömungsblenden 16 bis zum Bereich der allmählichen Emulsionsbildung eng gehalten, was dort eine höhere Fließgeschwindigkeit zur Folge hat.In the embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 2, instead of a smaller premixing container 13 and the inliner 34, a larger mixing container 13 adapted to the development time is provided, in which flow orifices 16 are installed in order to achieve better mixing. In order to avoid settling of the calcium hypochlorite particles, the flow orifices 16 are kept narrow up to the area of the gradual emulsion formation, which results in a higher flow rate there.

Die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Vorrichtung besitzt einen Wasserbehälter 1, aus dem das gebrauchte Wasser entnommen wird. Die Entnahme erfolgt über eine Hauptpumpe 2, an deren Druckseite das Wasser über einen Kurzschlußkreislauf 4 mit Druckhaltesicherheitsventil 3 wieder in den Behälter 1 zurückgepumpt werden kann. Weiterhin führt vom Wasserbehälter 1 eine Wasserleitung 5 zu einem Mischbehälter 7, auf dem ein Behälter 29 angeordnet ist, der CalciumhypochloritGranulat oder Pulver enthält. Zwischen den Behältern 7,29 ist eine Zellradschleuse 8 vorgesehen, wobei in dem Behälter ein Brei aus Calciumhypochlorit und Wasser gebildet wird und der Wasseranteil etwa 10 % der Gesamtmischung beträgt. In die Leitung 5 ist eine Dosierpumpe 17 eingebaut, die mit der Zellradschleuse 8 gekoppelt ist und über eine Niveausteuerung 15 zu-bzw. abgeschaltet wird. Vor einem Vormischbehälter 13 ist mit der Leitung 12 über eine Zuleitung 32 ein Behälter 9 verbunden, der ein Gemisch aus Perchloräthylen und einem Emulgator enthält. Dieses Gemisch wird über eine Dosierpumpe 10 der Hauptleitung 12 zugeführt. In den Vormischbehälter 13 mündet eine Leitung 33, die an den Mischbehälter 7 angeschlossen ist und den Brei aus Wasser und Calciumhypochlorit über eine Dosierpumpe 11 zudosiert. In dem Vormischbehälter 13 sind Strömungsblenden 16 eingebaut. Die erste und die zweite Mischstrecke 36 bzw. 37 sind entsprechend gekennzeichnet.The device shown in Fig. 3 has a water tank 1, from which the used water is removed. The removal takes place via a main pump 2, on the pressure side of which the water can be pumped back into the container 1 via a short circuit 4 with a pressure-maintaining safety valve 3. Furthermore, a water pipe 5 leads from the water tank 1 to a mixing tank 7, on which a tank 29 is arranged, the calcium hypochlorite granules or contains powder. A cellular wheel sluice 8 is provided between the containers 7, 29, a slurry of calcium hypochlorite and water being formed in the container and the water content being approximately 10% of the total mixture. A metering pump 17 is installed in the line 5, which is coupled to the cellular wheel sluice 8 and which is connected to a level controller 15. is switched off. In front of a premixing container 13, a container 9 is connected to the line 12 via a supply line 32 and contains a mixture of perchlorethylene and an emulsifier. This mixture is fed to the main line 12 via a metering pump 10. A line 33 opens into the premixing tank 13, which is connected to the mixing tank 7 and doses the slurry of water and calcium hypochlorite via a metering pump 11. Flow orifices 16 are installed in the premix container 13. The first and second mixing sections 36 and 37 are identified accordingly.

Bevor der aus Calciumhypochlorit und Wasser bestehende Brei dem Vormischbehälter 13 zugeführt wird, passiert er einen Inliner 53, wodurch die Calciumhypochlorit-Granulate stark verfeinert und eine Flockenbildung in der Emulsion im unteren Bereich vermieden wird. Bei Temperaturen über 25° C ist die Flockenbildung weniger problematisch.Before the slurry consisting of calcium hypochlorite and water is fed to the premixing container 13, it passes through an inliner 53, as a result of which the calcium hypochlorite granules are greatly refined and flocculation in the emulsion in the lower region is avoided. Flaking is less problematic at temperatures above 25 ° C.

Anschließend an den Kurzschlußkreislauf 4 ist in der Hauptleitung 12 ein Wassermengenteiler 50 angeordnet, wobei eine Teilstromleitung 51 in den Endbereich des Mischbehälters 13 mehrstufig, beispielsweise in einem Bereich 52 einmündet. Die direkt über die Leitung 12 zugeführte Wassermenge in Verbindung mit der aus dem Behälter 7 kommenden Wassermenge ergibt einen Anteil von etwa 20 bis 40 %. Der zweite Strom über die Leitung 51 ergänzt die fehlende Restmenge zu 76,7 Gewichtsprozent Wasser.Subsequent to the short circuit 4, a water flow divider 50 is arranged in the main line 12, a partial flow line 51 opening into the end region of the mixing container 13 in several stages, for example in a region 52. The amount of water supplied directly via the line 12 in connection with the amount of water coming from the container 7 results in a share of about 20 to 40%. The second stream via line 51 adds 76.7 percent by weight of water to the missing amount.

Verfahenstechnisch wird in der ersten Stufe eine hochkonzentrierte Voremulsion und in der zweiten Stufe erst die der beschriebenen Rezeptur entsprechende Anwendungsemulsion aufbereitet. Im einzelnen ist folgende Vorgehensweise erforderlich: Zuerst werden etwa 20 bis 40 % (Gewichtsprozent) Wasseranteile mit bereits vorgemischtem 15,8 % Perchloräthylen und Emulgator vermischt und anschliessend 7,5 % Calciumhypochlorit eingebracht und so in Bewegung gehalten, daß nach etwa 10 bis 60 Sekunden eine Voremulsion entsteht. Mischt man in der zweiten Stufe die noch zu 76,7 % fehlende Wassermenge langsam dazu, dann entsteht fast ohne Verzögerung die Hauptemulsion.In terms of process engineering, a highly concentrated pre-emulsion is prepared in the first stage and only the application emulsion corresponding to the recipe described is prepared in the second stage. In detail, the following procedure is required: First, about 20 to 40% (weight percent) of water is mixed with pre-mixed 15.8% perchlorethylene and emulsifier and then 7.5% calcium hypochlorite is introduced and kept in motion so that after about 10 to 60 seconds a pre-emulsion is created. If in the second stage the 76.7% amount of water is slowly added, the main emulsion is formed almost without delay.

Durch diese Vorgehensweise wird auch bei Wassertemperaturen nahe dem Gefrierpunkt noch eine Emulsion erreicht. Nach dem bisherigen Verfahren mußte das Wasser bei solch niedrigen Temperaturen auf ca. 20° C angewärmt werden.This procedure results in an emulsion even at water temperatures near freezing. According to the previous method, the water had to be heated to approximately 20 ° C. at such low temperatures.

Wir die Voremulsion in einer anderen Reihenfolge aufbereitet, dann verzögert sich zwar die Voremulsionsbildung, hat jedoch auf das zeitliche Entstehungsverhalten der Hauptemulsion keinen Einfluß. Wird eine höhere Viskosität der Emulsion benötigt, dann besteht die Möglichkeit, diese durch Veränderung der Rezeptur (z.B. Erhöhung des Wasseranteiles nach fertiger Emulsion) oder Veränderung der hydrodynamischen Beinflussung nach oben zu verändern.If the pre-emulsion is processed in a different order, then the pre-emulsion formation is delayed, but has no influence on the time behavior of the main emulsion. If a higher viscosity of the emulsion is required, it is possible to change this by changing the recipe (e.g. increasing the water content after the finished emulsion) or by changing the hydrodynamic influence upwards.

Bei der in Figur 4 gezeigten Ausführungsform ist anstelle des Zuschaltventiles 6 als Dosiereinrichtung eine Dosierpumpe 17 vorgesehen, die mit der Zellradschleuse 8 gekoppelt ist und über die Niveausteuerung 15 zu- bzw. abgeschaltet wird. Weiterhin ist jeder Ausbringlanze 14 ein kleiner Zusatzmischbehälter 18 zugeordnet, in dem Strömungsblenden angeordnet sind. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß beim Einsatz von z.B. nur einer Lanze 14 nach Beendigung der Dekontaminationsarbeiten wesentlich kleinere Verlustmengen an Emulsion vorhanden sind, wobei nach Beendigung der Arbeiten nicht ein großer Behälter, wie beispielsweise bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2 entleert werden muß.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a metering pump 17 is provided instead of the connection valve 6 as a metering device, which is coupled to the cellular wheel sluice 8 and is switched on and off via the level control 15. Furthermore, each discharge lance 14 is assigned a small additional mixing container 18 in which flow orifices are arranged. This has the advantage that when, for example, only a lance 14 after the end of the decontamination work, there are much smaller amounts of emulsion lost, after the work not having to empty a large container, for example in the embodiment according to FIG. 2.

Bei der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung ist auf der Druckseite der Hauptpumpe 2 und nach dem Kurzschlußkreislauf 4 in der Hauptleitung 12 ein Durchflußmengenmesser 19 vorgesehen, der die Dosierpumpen 10,11 steuert, sowie eine Drehzahlsteuerung für die Hauptpumpe 2 bewirkt.In the embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 5, a flow meter 19 is provided on the pressure side of the main pump 2 and after the short-circuit circuit 4 in the main line 12, which controls the metering pumps 10, 11 and controls the speed of the main pump 2.

Das in Figur 5 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel läßt sich auch über ein Wasserleitungsnetz betreiben, wobei jedoch zum Erzeugen definierter Verhältnisse die Vorschaltung eines Druckminderers erforderlich istThe exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5 can also be operated via a water supply network, but the upstream connection of a pressure reducer is required to generate defined conditions

Bei der in Figur 6 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung ist die Hauptpumpe 2 so geschaltet, daß sie als Förder- und Mischpumpe zugleich verwendet wird. Dazu wird über den Vormischbehälter 13 ein Kurzschlußkreislauf 4 gebildet, wobei das Ventil 3 die Aufgabe hat, einen bestimmten Druck auf der Druckseite des Systems sicherzustellen und bei geöffneten Ausbringlanzen 14 einen Teilstrom sowie bei geschlossenen Ausbringlanzen den Hauptstrom im Kurzschluß umzuleiten.In the embodiment of the device shown in Figure 6, the main pump 2 is switched so that it is used as a feed and mixing pump at the same time. For this purpose, a short circuit 4 is formed via the premixing tank 13, the valve 3 having the task of ensuring a certain pressure on the pressure side of the system and diverting a partial flow when the discharge lances 14 are open and diverting the main flow in the short circuit when the discharge lances are closed.

Ein solches System hat den Vorteil, daß die zusammengebrachten Medien, z.B. bei Verwendung einer Kreiselpumpe, sofort einen hydrodynamischen Mischeffekt erfahren und die Emulsion im Mischbehälter 13 noch entsprechend Zeit hat, sich zu entwickeln. Da die Umwälzmenge wesentlich größer ist, als die Zu- bzw. Abflußmenge und die Flüssigkeit immer in Bewegung bleibt, besteht keine Gefahr, daß sich im Mischbehälter 13 Calciumhypochlorit-Partikel absetzen. Dem Wasserbehälter 1 wird hierbei immer nur dann Wasser entnommen, wenn Emulsion über die Lanzen 14 abgeführt wird. Weiterhin besteht die Möglichkeit, die Pumpendrehzahl in Abhängigkeit zur Entnahmemenge über die Steuerschalter 35 an den Lanzen, 14 zu steuern.Such a system has the advantage that the media brought together, for example when using a centrifugal pump, immediately experience a hydrodynamic mixing effect and the emulsion in the mixing container 13 still has time to develop. Since the amount of circulation is much greater than the inflow or outflow and the liquid always remains in motion, there is no danger that 13 calcium hypochlorite particles will settle in the mixing container. The Water tank 1 is only ever removed from water when emulsion is discharged via the lances 14. There is also the possibility of controlling the pump speed as a function of the amount withdrawn via the control switches 35 on the lances 14, 14.

Zur vollständigen Emulsionsentleerung des Mischbehälters 13 werden die Dosierpumpen 10,11 abgeschaltet und die Pumpendrehzahl so reduziert, daß das Ventil 3 nicht mehr anspricht. Für die Anwendung dieses Prinzips ist es erforderlich, daß die zum Einsatz kommende Pumpe 2 resistent gegen aggressive Emulsionen ist.To completely empty the emulsion of the mixing container 13, the metering pumps 10, 11 are switched off and the pump speed is reduced so that the valve 3 no longer responds. For the application of this principle it is necessary that the pump 2 used is resistant to aggressive emulsions.

Bei der in Figur 7 dargestellten Vorrichtung arbeitet die Hauptpumpe 2 nach dem Verdränger-Prinzip (hydrostatisch). Dadurch ist sichergestellt, daß eine drehzahlproportionale Förderung zustandekommt, wobei die Drehzahl ein Parameter für die Umwälzmenge ist. Wird Emulsion gebraucht, dann wird die Pumpe 2 auf eine der Anzahl der zugeschalteten Lanzen 14 entsprechende Drehzahl gebracht. Gleichzeitig werden die Dosierpumpen 10,11 mit Hilfe einer Kupplung 38 zugeschaltet. Da sich die einzelnen Schaltstufen ebenfalls auf die Dosierpumpen 10,11 auswirken, ist eine den jeweiligen Durchflußmengen proportionale Zudosierung sichergestellt.In the device shown in FIG. 7, the main pump 2 works according to the displacement principle (hydrostatic). This ensures that a speed-proportional delivery takes place, the speed being a parameter for the circulation quantity. If emulsion is needed, the pump 2 is brought to a speed corresponding to the number of lances 14 connected. At the same time, the metering pumps 10, 11 are switched on with the aid of a coupling 38. Since the individual switching stages also have an effect on the metering pumps 10, 11, metering in proportion to the respective flow rates is ensured.

Findet keine Entnahme statt, dann läuft die Hauptpumpe 2 mit einer Grunddrehzahl und der Förderstrom fließt über den Kurzschlußkreislauf 4 zurück in den Tank. Hierbei erfolgt keine Zudosierung, da die Dosierpumpen 10,11 abgeschaltet sind.If there is no removal, the main pump 2 runs at a basic speed and the flow flows through the short circuit 4 back into the tank. There is no metering here, since the metering pumps 10, 11 are switched off.

Bei der weiteren in Figur 8 gezeigten Ausführungsform ist ein vertikal angeordneter Vormischbehälter 13' vorgesehen, in dem mit zur Durchflußrichtung geneigte Mischblenden 20 angeordnet sind. Ein Absetzen von Calciumhypochlorit-Partikeln auch bei geringen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten wird vermieden. Der Wasserfluß in dem Behälter 13' erfolgt von oben nach unten.In the further embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a vertically arranged premixing container 13 'is provided, in which mixing orifices 20 inclined to the direction of flow are arranged. Sedimentation of calcium hypochlorite particles even at low flow rates is avoided. The water flow in the container 13 'takes place from top to bottom.

Die Figur 9 zeigt eine andere Ausbildung des Behälters 13', wobei in diesem Behälter 13' ein Rührwerk 21 angeordnet ist. Dieses Rührwerk 21 muß so ausgelegt sein, daß einmal eine Teilchenablagerung vermieden wird und andererseits eine sichere Emulsionsbildung möglich ist.FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the container 13 ', an agitator 21 being arranged in this container 13'. This agitator 21 must be designed so that particle deposition is avoided on the one hand and on the other hand a safe emulsion formation is possible.

Die Figuren 10 und 11 zeigen eine andere Ausbildung des Behälters 13', wobei der Behälter in die Hauptleitung 12 so eingeschaltet ist, daß er von unten nach oben durchströmt wird. In dem Behälter 13' befindet sich eine Mischschaufel 22, die oben am Behälter an einem Gummilager 39 gehaltert ist und die über einen Exzenterantrieb 40 hin- und her bewegt wird. Das Blatt der Schaufel 22 ist mit Löchern 41 versehen.FIGS. 10 and 11 show a different design of the container 13 ', the container being switched into the main line 12 in such a way that it is flowed through from bottom to top. In the container 13 'there is a mixing blade 22 which is held on the top of the container on a rubber bearing 39 and which is moved back and forth via an eccentric drive 40. The blade of the blade 22 is provided with holes 41.

Somit erfolgt gemäß den Erfordernissen unmittelbar nach dem Eintreffen der Komponenten in den Behälter zu Beginn der Emulsionsbildung eine intensivere Durchmischung als am Behälter-Ausgang.Thus, as required immediately after the components arrive in the container at the beginning of the emulsion formation, more thorough mixing takes place than at the container outlet.

Man kann den Behälter 13' auch wie in Figur 12 gezeigt, mit einem Mischblatt 23 versehen, das nach unten hin spitz zuläuft bzw. als Kegel ausgebildet sein kann.As shown in FIG. 12, the container 13 'can also be provided with a mixing blade 23 which tapers to the bottom or can be designed as a cone.

Für besondere Einsätze bietet sich die Möglichkeit, ein Emulgiergerät über den zulaufenden Wasserstrom 24 anzutreiben. Eine solche Möglichkeit ist in Figur 13 dargestellt. Hierbei ist in die Hauptleitung 12 ein Wassermotor 25 eingesetzt,wobei die Dosierpumpen 10,11 direkt mit dem Wassermotor 25 gekoppelt sind und zwangsläufig nur dann zudosieren, wenn der Motor 25 läuft. Die Drehbewegung des Motors 25 ist aber abhängig von dem an den Lanzen 14 erfolgenden Emulsionsverbrauch. Die Zellradschleuse 8 und die Dosierpumpe 17 werden nur dann zugeschaltet, wenn die Niveausteuerung 15 anspricht. Hierfür ist eine batteriebetriebene Kupplung 42 vorgesehen. Das Rührwerk 31 ist entweder ebenfalls direkt gekoppelt oder batteriebetrieben. Um eine Erschöpfung des Systems aufgrund verbrauchter Batterien zu vermeiden, besteht die Möglichkeit, ein netzabhängiges Ladegerät bzw. eine kleine Lichtmaschine mit Reglereinrichtung vorzusehen.For special applications, there is the possibility of driving an emulsifying device via the incoming water stream 24. Such a possibility is shown in FIG. 13. Here, a water motor 25 is inserted into the main line 12, the metering pumps 10, 11 being directly coupled to the water motor 25 and inevitably metering in only when the motor 25 is running. The rotational movement of the motor 25 is dependent on the emulsion consumption taking place on the lances 14. The rotary valve 8 and the metering pump 17 are only then switched on when the level control 15 responds. A battery operated clutch 42 is provided for this. The agitator 31 is either directly coupled or battery operated. To avoid exhaustion of the system due to used batteries, it is possible to provide a mains-dependent charger or a small alternator with regulator device.

Da der Arbeitsdruck an der Lanze 14 zwei bis drei bar beträgt und die Druckverluste durch die Antriebsleistung sehr gering sind, kann davon ausgegangen werden, daß alle üblichen Wasserleitungsnetze für den\Einsatz eines solchen Gerätes geeignet sind.Since the working pressure on the lance 14 is two to three bar and the pressure losses due to the drive power are very low, it can be assumed that all the usual water supply networks are suitable for the use of such a device.

Bei der in Fig. 14 dargestellten Ausführungsform wird die gesamte Antriebsenergie für die Emulgiereinrichtung dem Wasserstrom 24 beispielsweise aus einem beliebigen Wasserleitungsnetz entnommen. Das Druckniveau sollte dabei 4 bis 6 bar betragen. In die Hauptleitung 12 ist ein Wassermotor 25 eingesetzt, wobei die Dosierpumpen 10,11 direkt mit dem Wassermotor gekoppelt sind und zwangsläufig nur dann zudosieren, wenn der Motor 25 läuft. Die Drehbewegung des Motors 25 ist aber abhängig von dem an den Lanzen 14 erfolgenden Emulsionsverbrauch.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the entire drive energy for the emulsifying device is taken from the water stream 24, for example from any water supply network. The pressure level should be 4 to 6 bar. A water motor 25 is inserted into the main line 12, the metering pumps 10, 11 being directly coupled to the water motor and inevitably metering in only when the motor 25 is running. The rotational movement of the motor 25 is dependent on the emulsion consumption taking place on the lances 14.

Der Verbrauch des Calciumhypochlorit-Wassergemisches wird dadurch kompensiert, daß eine stufenlos funktionierende Schwimmer-Direktsteuerung 54 den Zustrom zum Wassermotor 17 regelt. Mit Hilfe eines Dauerbypasses 55 besteht die Möglichkeit, einen totalen Stillstand des Antriebes und somit ein Absetzen der Calciumhypochlorit-Aggregate zu vermeiden.The consumption of the calcium hypochlorite / water mixture is compensated for by the fact that a continuously functioning direct float control 54 regulates the flow to the water motor 17. With the help of a permanent bypass 55, it is possible to prevent the drive from coming to a complete standstill and thus to prevent the calcium hypochlorite aggregates from settling.

Anstatt des statischen Mischers 13 kann auch ein Rotationsmischer 13' mit Zwangsumlenkung verwendet werden und zwar dann, wenn die Gefahr besteht, daß sich Partikel wegen zu geringer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit absetzen und eine ungenügende Mischung erfolgt. Ein solcher Mischer wird im Falle des Wasserantriebes vom Wassermotor oder einem sonstigen elektrischen Antrieb mit geeigneter Drehzahl angetrieben. Hierbei sind auf der sich drehenden Welle Scheiben als Blenden angebracht, die wiederum Trägerfunktion für Mischflügel aufweisen. Am Außenrohr werden starre Scheiben als Umlenkblenden vorgesehen.Instead of the static mixer 13, it is also possible to use a rotary mixer 13 'with forced deflection, specifically when there is a risk that particles may become trapped due to the flow velocity being too low discontinue and there is insufficient mixing. In the case of a water drive, such a mixer is driven by the water motor or another electrical drive at a suitable speed. Here, disks are attached to the rotating shaft, which in turn have a carrier function for mixing blades. Rigid disks are provided on the outer tube as deflection panels.

Die Figur 15 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung, bei der in der Hauptleitung 12 eine Förderpumpe 30 angeordnet ist, die mechanisch gekoppelt ist mit der Dosierpumpe 10 für das Gemisch Perchloräthylen und Emulgator und der Zellradschleuse 8, wobei der Antrieb über einen Motor 43 erfolgt. Das Gemisch aus Wasser und Perchloräthylen mit dem Emulgator wird seitlich in den Mischbehälter 7 über eine Zuführung 26 gegeben, wobei der Strahl 27 gegen eine in dem Behälter 7 angeordnete Prallplatte 28 gerichtet ist. In den Strahl 27 gelangt weiterhin über die Zellradschleuse 8 Calciumhypochlorit. Der Motor 43 schaltet hierbei über die Befehle der Niveausteuerung 15.FIG. 15 shows an embodiment of the device in which a feed pump 30 is arranged in the main line 12, which is mechanically coupled to the metering pump 10 for the mixture of perchlorethylene and emulsifier and the cellular wheel sluice 8, the drive being effected by a motor 43. The mixture of water and perchlorethylene with the emulsifier is introduced laterally into the mixing container 7 via a feed 26, the jet 27 being directed against a baffle plate 28 arranged in the container 7. Calcium hypochlorite 8 also enters beam 27 via the rotary valve. The motor 43 switches here via the commands of the level control 15.

Die Wasserpumpe 30 kann entfallen, wenn das System an ein Wasserleitungsnetz angeschlossen und entweder die Menge zwischen dem Minimum und dem Maximum der Niveausteuerung als Maß für die Zumischung von Wasser zugrundegelegt wird, oder wenn das vom Leitungsnetz kommende Wasser über einen Druckminderer und ein zuschaltbares Drosselventil fließt, so daß von einem definierten Wasserstrom ausgegangen werden kann.The water pump 30 can be omitted if the system is connected to a water supply network and either the amount between the minimum and the maximum level control is used as a measure of the admixture of water, or if the water coming from the supply network flows via a pressure reducer and a switchable throttle valve , so that a defined water flow can be assumed.

Vom Boden des Behälters 7 wird über die Hauptpumpe 2 das Gemisch abgezogen und über den Kurzschlußkreislauf 4 oberhalb des Bodens wieder in den Behälter 7 zurückgepumpt. Die Hauptpumpe ist so dimensioniert, daß über den Kurzschlußkreislauf 4 immer mehr Emulsion in den Umlauf gebracht wird, als im maximalen Fall gebraucht wird.The mixture is drawn off from the bottom of the container 7 via the main pump 2 and pumped back into the container 7 via the short circuit 4 above the bottom. The main pump is dimensioned such that more and more emulsion is brought into circulation via the short-circuit circuit 4 than is used in the maximum case.

Während des Durchströmens durch den Behälter 7 wird eine Turbulenz erzeugt, die die darüberliegende, in der Entwicklung befindliche Emulsion in Bewegung hält und somit ein Absetzen der Calciumhypochlorit-Teilchen verhindert. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß immer fertig entwickelte Emulsion zu den Lanzen 14 gepumpt wird. Bei Bedarf kann noch das Rührwerk 31 vorgesehen sein. Die Rückflußmenge über die Leitung 4 steht in Abhängigkeit zu den jeweils im Einsatz befindlichen Lanzen 14, d.h., je mehr Lanzen 14 zugeschaltet sind, umso kleiner ist die Rückflußmenge in der Kurzschlußleitung 4.Turbulence is generated during the flow through the container 7, which keeps the overlying emulsion under development in motion and thus prevents the calcium hypochlorite particles from settling. This ensures that always fully developed emulsion is pumped to the lances 14. If necessary, the agitator 31 can also be provided. The amount of reflux via line 4 depends on the lances 14 in use, i.e. the more lances 14 are switched on, the smaller the amount of reflux in short-circuit line 4.

Weiterhin ist der Behälter 7 so dimensioniert, daß auch bei einem maximalen Emulsionsverbrauch die Zeit zwischen dem Zu- und Abfluß größer ist als die Entwicklungszeit der Emulsion. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß nicht teilentwickelte Emulsion ausgebracht wird.Furthermore, the container 7 is dimensioned such that the time between the inflow and outflow is greater than the development time of the emulsion even with a maximum emulsion consumption. This ensures that undeveloped emulsion is applied.

Die Pumpendrehzahl bzw. Fördermenge kann auch aus energetischen Gründen manuell oder automatisch angepaßt werden. Die Hauptpumpe 2 muß eine resistente Ausführung aufweisen.The pump speed or delivery rate can also be adjusted manually or automatically for energy reasons. The main pump 2 must have a resistant design.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Emulsionsbildung in Abhängigkeit von der Wassertemperatur steht und bei höheren Temperaturen von bis zu etwa 35°C bis 40°C erheblich beschleunigt werden kann. Dies kann beispielsweise durch einen vorgeschalteten Durchlauferhitzer erfolgen.It has been shown that the emulsion formation is dependent on the water temperature and can be accelerated considerably at higher temperatures of up to about 35 ° C to 40 ° C. This can be done, for example, by an upstream water heater.

Die Fig. 16 zeigt eine Vorrichtung, bei der in der Hauptleitung 12 eine Förderpumpe 30 angeordnet ist, die mechanisch gekoppelt ist mit einer Dosierpumpe 10 für das Gemisch Perchloräthylen und Emulgator und der Zelldradschleuse 8, wobei der Antrieb über einen Motor 43 erfolgt. Das Gemisch aus Wasser und Perchloräthylen und Emulgator wird seitlich in den Mischbehälter 7 über eine Zuführung 26 gegeben, wobei der Strahl 27 gegen eine in dem Behälter 7 angeordnete Prallplatte 28 gerichtet ist. In den Strahl 27 gelangt weiterhin über die Zellradschleuse 8 Calciumhypochlorit. Der Motor 43 schaltet hierbei über die Befehle der Niveausteuerung 15. Der Mengenteiler 50 ist der Pumpe 30 nachgeordnet und die Teilstromleitung 51 führt zu einer im unteren Bereich des Mischbehälters 7 eingebauten Mischkammer 56, in der einzelne Strömungsblenden angeordnet sind.16 shows a device in which a feed pump 30 is arranged in the main line 12 and is mechanically coupled to a metering pump 10 for the mixture of perchlorethylene and emulsifier and the rotary valve 8, the drive being effected by a motor 43. The mixture of water and perchlorethylene and emulsifier is added to the side of the mixing container 7 via a feed 26, the Beam 27 is directed against a baffle plate 28 arranged in the container 7. Calcium hypochlorite 8 also enters beam 27 via the rotary valve. The motor 43 switches here via the commands of the level control 15. The flow divider 50 is arranged downstream of the pump 30 and the partial flow line 51 leads to a mixing chamber 56 installed in the lower region of the mixing container 7, in which individual flow orifices are arranged.

Bei der Aufteilung der Wasserströme entsteht im Behälter 7 die Voremulsion mit einem 20 bis 40 %igen (Gewichtsprozent) Wasseranteil, 15,8 % Perchloräthylen und Emulgator sowie 7,5 % Calciumhypochlorit mit Hilfe des langsam laufenden Rührwerkes 31. Die Hauptemulsion wird dann in der darunter befindlichen Mischkammer 56 erzeugt.When dividing the water flows, the pre-emulsion with a 20 to 40% (weight percent) water content, 15.8% perchlorethylene and emulsifier and 7.5% calcium hypochlorite is created in the tank 7 with the aid of the slow-running stirrer 31. The main emulsion is then in the Mixing chamber 56 located underneath.

Um nach dem Einsatz möglichst kleine Mengen in Kauf nehmen zu müssen, ist die Niveauregelung 15 höhenverstellbar ausgeführt. Weiterhin kann parallel zur Pumpe 30 eine weitere Pumpe 57 vorgesehen sein.In order to have to accept the smallest possible quantities after use, the level control 15 is designed to be height-adjustable. Furthermore, a further pump 57 can be provided parallel to the pump 30.

Bei der in Fig. 7 dargestellten Vorrichtung wird ein druckloser, vertikal angeordneter Rotationsmischer 58 mit Zwangsumlenkung verwendet. Für die Zwangsumlenkung sind innen am Behälter 7 Zwangsumlenkbleche 59 angebracht. Der obere Bereich des Behälters 7, d.h. der Bereich 37 dient zum Erzeugen der beschriebenen Voremulslon, während im unteren Bereich 52 des Behälters 7 die Hauptemulsion stufenweise erzeugt wird, so daß die Emulsion beim Erreichen des unten integrierten Kurzschlußbereichs 63 fertig aufbereitet ist.In the device shown in FIG. 7, an unpressurized, vertically arranged rotary mixer 58 with forced deflection is used. For the forced deflection 7 forced deflection plates 59 are attached to the inside of the container. The upper area of the container 7, i.e. the area 37 serves to produce the described pre-emulsions, while the main emulsion is produced in stages in the lower area 52 of the container 7, so that the emulsion is ready when the short-circuit area 63 integrated below is reached.

Da in der Anfahrphase die Anteile der Voremulsion zunächst in dem Bereich 52 und den Kurzschlußbereich 63 des Behälters 7 fließen und von einer bestimmten Füll- und Entwicklungszeit ausgegangen werden muß, ist es erforderlich, für diesen Zeitraum die Teilstromleitung 51 abzuschlaten. Dies erfolgt durch einen Dreiwegehahn 60 in der Leitung 51, so daß die Pumpe 57 über eine parallele Leitung 61 kurzgeschlossen wird. Nach entstandener Voremulsion im Bereich 52 wird dann die Zuleitung 51 wieder zugeschaltet, so daß die kontinuierliche Emulsion entnommen werden kann. Die Zusteuerung der einzelnen Komponenten erfolgt über die beschriebene Niveausteuerung.Since in the start-up phase the portions of the pre-emulsion initially flow in the area 52 and the short-circuit area 63 of the container 7 and a certain filling and development time has to be assumed, the partial flow line is necessary for this period 51 to sleep. This is done by a three-way valve 60 in line 51, so that the pump 57 is short-circuited via a parallel line 61. After the pre-emulsion has formed in the area 52, the feed line 51 is then switched on again, so that the continuous emulsion can be removed. The individual components are controlled via the level control described.

Bei der weiteren in Fig. 18 dargestellten Ansführungsform der Vorrichtung ist als Mischbehälter 7 eine schräg nach unten abfallende Wanne vorgesehen, die mit Hilfe von Zwischenwänden 64 in einzelne kleine, nach oben offene Behältnisse unterteilt ist. In diese einzelnen Behältnisse greifen Rührbleche 65 eines Schwenkrührers 62 ein, dessen Antrieb mit dem Bezugszeichen 66 versehen ist. Dieser Schwenkrührer ist in Fig. 18 rechts oben in einem kleinen Bild im Querschnitt dargestellt. Die einzelnen Rührbleche führen dabei eine hin- und hergehende Bewegung durch. In die einzelnen Behältnisse greifen die Rührbleche 65 so ein, daß sich beim Rühren speziell im Voremulgierbereich 37 in den Ecken und auf dem Boden keine Schwebe- und Schwerteilchen absetzen. Der Rührvorgang kann so optimal den Erfordernissen der Emulsionsbildung angepaßt werden.In the further embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 18, a trough sloping downwards is provided as the mixing container 7, which is divided into individual small, upwardly open containers with the aid of intermediate walls 64. Stirrer plates 65 of a swivel stirrer 62, the drive of which is provided with the reference symbol 66, engage in these individual containers. This swivel stirrer is shown in cross-section in a small picture at the top right in FIG. 18. The individual stirring plates perform a back and forth movement. The stirring plates 65 engage in the individual containers in such a way that no suspended and heavy particles settle in the corners and on the floor, particularly in the pre-emulsification region 37 during stirring. The stirring process can be optimally adapted to the requirements of emulsion formation.

Zunächst gelangen die Komponenten der Vormischung unter Einwirkung des Rührers 62 über den Bereich 37' in 37''. Erst wenn dieser Bereich bis zum Überlaufen voll ist, gelangt die bis dahin, bedingt durch die abgestimmten Füll- und Volumenproportionen entstandene Voremulsion, in den Bereich 37''' und 52'. Der Bereich 37''' dient lediglich zur Sicherheit der Voremulsionsbildung. Wie aus der Zeichnung ohne weiteres ersichtlich, weisen die einzelnen, die Stufen begrenzenden Zwischenwände 64 unterschiedliche Höhen auf, so daß im Wechsel beim Durchlauf eine Unter- bzw. Überflutung zustande kommen kann.First, the components of the premix get under the action of the stirrer 62 through the area 37 'in 37''. Only when this area is full to the point of overflow does the pre-emulsion, which has previously been created due to the coordinated fill and volume proportions, reach the area 37 '''and52'. The area 37 '''serves only for the safety of the pre-emulsion formation. As can easily be seen from the drawing, the individual partition walls 64 which delimit the steps have different heights, so that alternating underflow or inundation can occur during the passage.

Im Bereich 52' beginnt die Entwicklung der Hauptemulsion und setzt sich im Bereich 52'' und 52''' fort. In den Kurzschlußbereich 63 gelangt bereits fertig entwickelte Emulsion. Im Bereich 52 kann wiederum der Restwasserstrom 51 stufenweise mit Hilfe des Dreiwegehahnes 60 oder einer stufenlosen Regelung zugeschaltet werden. Der Dreiwegehahn 60 kann stufenlos so eingestellt werden, daß ein beliebiger Teilstrom über die Leitung 61 zurückfließt und so die Wassermenge in Leitung 51 stufenlos zum Zwecke einer Rezepturveränderung, z.B. bei extrem kaltem Wasser, reguliert werden kann.The development of the main emulsion begins in area 52 'and continues in area 52' 'and 52' ''. Completely developed emulsion reaches the short-circuit area 63. In the area 52, the residual water flow 51 can in turn be switched on in stages using the three-way valve 60 or a continuous control. The three-way tap 60 can be continuously adjusted so that any partial flow flows back via line 61 and so the amount of water in line 51 is continuously variable for the purpose of changing the formulation, e.g. with extremely cold water, can be regulated.

Ein solches Überlaufsystem hat den Vorteil, daß aus bestimmten Betriebszuständen heraus sich nicht unkontrolliert in den einzelnen Bereichen und durch das Absetzen von Schwebeteilchen in tiefgelagerten Zonen ungewollt Fraktionen bilden, die eine Entstehung der Emulsion verhindern.Such an overflow system has the advantage that, from certain operating states, fractions which prevent the emulsion from forming do not form uncontrollably in the individual areas and unintentionally due to the settling of suspended particles in deep-seated zones.

Die Trennwände können eventuell ganz entfallen, wenn entsprechende Ungenauigkeiten bei der Durchmischung zulässig sind. Dies trifft auch für Fig. 14, Position 13' sinngemäß zu. Der Wasserstrom 26 kann auch, wenn er quer zu den Zellen gerichtet eingeführt wird, zur Zellenreinigung verwendet werden. Zwischen die Leitungsanschlüsse 67 und 68 kann ein autarkes temperaturgeregeltes Durchlauferhitzersystem 72 geschaltet werden. Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit, in die Rücklaufleitung 69 einen Durchlauferhitzer 73 einzubauen, dem über einen Dreiwegehahn 71 Flüssigkeit zugeleitet werden kann.The dividing walls can possibly be completely omitted if corresponding inaccuracies in the mixing are permitted. This also applies analogously to FIG. 14, position 13 '. The water stream 26 can also be used for cell cleaning when introduced transversely to the cells. An autonomous temperature-controlled instantaneous water heater system 72 can be connected between the line connections 67 and 68. There is also the possibility of installing a continuous-flow heater 73 in the return line 69, to which liquid can be supplied via a three-way valve 71.

Diese Ausführung ist deshalb vorteilhaft, weil der Mischbehälter 7 mit wenigen Handgriffen durch Öffnen des Deckels 70 leicht zugänglich ist und dadurch nach dem Einsatz einfach gereinigt werden kann.This embodiment is advantageous because the mixing container 7 with a few simple steps by opening the Lid 70 is easily accessible and can be easily cleaned after use.

Claims (33)

  1. Process for producing a detoxicating emulsion for ABC warfare agents, in which the components of the detoxicating emulsion are mixed in accordance with a predetermined recipe, namely calcium hypochlorite in pulverulent to granular form, perchloroethylene, an emulsifier and water, and are sprayed under pressure, characterized in that the components of the detoxicating emulsion are metered into a stream of water under pressure and are mixed in individual mixing sections to produce the finished emulsion.
  2. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in a first stage, perchloroethylene, as the solvent, pre-mixed with the emulsifier, is added to the water and, in a second stage, a slurry of water and calcium hypochlorite, as the means of destroying the ABC warfare agents, is formed or dry calcium hypochlorite is added in an appropriate amount to the pre-mixture.
  3. Process according to Claim 1 and 2, characterized in that, in a first stage, highly concentrated pre-emulsion is formed which, in a second stage, is prepared to give the emulsion for use by adding the quantity of water which is lacking.
  4. Process according to Claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the mixture is passed through an emulsion accelerator (inliner).
  5. Process according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the flow velocity is increased in the region of the mixing sections directly after metering in of the calcium hypochlorite/water mixture.
  6. Apparatus for carrying out the process according to Claim 1 to 5, characterized in that adjoining a water container (1) is a main pump (2) whereof the pressure side is connected by way of a pressure-containing safety valve (3) to the tank in a short-circuit cycle (4), in that there is arranged on the pressure side a water line (5) with a metering device (6, 17) to a mixing container (7) having a metered supply (8) for a means of destroying the ABC warfare agents, in that after the upstream water line (5) there is attached a container (9) for the mixture comprising a solvent and the emulsifier by way of a metering pump (10), in that the mixing container (7) is connected by way of a further metering pump (11) to the main line (12) in which there is placed a pre-mixing container (13) downstream of the water line (5), downstream of which pre-mixing container (13) outward lances (14) are arranged.
  7. Apparatus according to Claim 6, characterized in that the mixing container (7) is provided with a level control (15) which controls a bucket wheel sluice (8) or conveying worm as the metered supply and a connection valve (6) as the metering device.
  8. Apparatus according to Claim 6 and 7, characterized in that the pre-mixing container (13) is provided with flow baffles (16).
  9. Apparatus according to Claim 6 to 8, characterized in that a metering pump (17) is provided as the metering device to the mixing container (7).
  10. Apparatus according to Claim 6 to 9, characterized in that there is arranged in the main line (12) upstream of the supply lines (32, 33) to the chemical containers (7, 9) a water quantity divider (50), the part-stream line (51) being supplied in the rear region of the pre-mixing container (13).
  11. Apparatus according to Claim 10, characterized in that the part-stream line (51) opens into the pre-mixing container (13) in a plurality of stages.
  12. Apparatus according to Claim 6 to 11, characterized in that an inliner (53) is provided in the supply line (33) from the mixing container (7) to the calcium hypochlorite slurry.
  13. Apparatus according to Claim 6 to 12, characterized in that each outward lance (14) is provided with an additional mixing container (18).
  14. Apparatus according to Claim 6 to 13, characterized in that a flow rate meter (19) which controls the metering pumps (10, 11) and provides a speed control to the main pump (2) is provided in the main line (12) upstream of the pre-mixing container (13).
  15. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the main pump (2) is arranged as a conveying and mixing pump in a short-circuit cycle (4) to the pre-mixing container (13).
  16. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 15, characterized in that the main pump (2) operates in accordance with the compressor hydrostatic principle and is brought to speed in accordance with the connected outward lances (14).
  17. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 16, characterized in that the pre-mixing container (13') is arranged to be vertical and has mixing baffles (20) inclined with respect to the direction of flow.
  18. Apparatus according to Claim 17, characterized in that the pre-mixing container (13') has a stirrer mechanism (21).
  19. Apparatus according to Claim 17 and 18, characterized in that a mixing paddle (22) or a mixing blade (23) is arranged, driven eccentrically, in the pre-mixing container (13').
  20. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 19, characterized in that the main line (12) is attached to a line network (24), a water motor (25) coupled to the metering pumps (10, 11) being arranged in the main line (12).
  21. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 20, characterized in that a float-type direct control (54) is provided as a level control (15) for the first mixing container (7).
  22. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 21, characterized in that the mixing container (13) is constructed as a rotary mixer (13') with forced deflection.
  23. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 22, characterized in that the water inflow from the main line (12), together with the mixture of perchloroethylene and emulsifier controlled by the level control (15), may be supplied to the mixing container (7), and in that the main pump (2) is attached to the mixing container (7) in a short-circuit cycle (4).
  24. Apparatus according to Claim 23, characterized in that the supply (26) of the mixture is effected by a jet (27) directed laterally into the mixing container (7) against an impact plate (28), a container (29) with bucket wheel sluice (8) for the calcium hypochlorite being provided above the jet (27).
  25. Apparatus according to Claim 23 and 24, characterized in that a pump (30) is connected in the main line (12) or the water flows by way of a pressure reducer and a connectable choke valve.
  26. Apparatus according to Claim 24 to 25, characterized in that the water may be supplied to a flow heater for the purpose of accelerated emulsion formation.
  27. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 22, characterized in that the base region of the mixing container (7) is constructed as a mixing chamber (56) for the main emulsion and the part-stream line (51) branched off from the quantity divider (50) is attached to the mixing chamber (56).
  28. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 27, characterized in that the level control (15) is height-adjustable.
  29. Apparatus according to Claim 27 and 28, characterized in that the first mixing container (7) is provided with an unpressurized vertically arranged rotary mixer (58) with forced deflection plates (59), the upper container region being provided as a second mixing section (37) and the lower container region (52) being provided to form the main emulsion.
  30. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 29, characterized in that there is attached to the main line (12) an additional pump (57) which is connected by way of the part-stream line (51) to the lower container region (52) and which may be bridged by way of a three-way cock (60) and a parallel line (61) for the start-up phase.
  31. Apparatus according to one of Claims 6 to 30, characterized in that the mixing container (7) has an obliquely arranged, descending trough which is divided with the aid of intermediate walls (64) into small containers open towards the top, a pivotal stirrer (62) being arranged in the mixing container (7).
  32. Apparatus according to Claim 31, characterized in that an independent temperature-regulated flow heater system (72) with pump is attached to an inflow line to the mixing container (7) by way of a connection (68) and to a return line to the container (7) by means of a connection (67).
  33. Apparatus according to Claim 31, characterized in that a flow heater (73) is arranged in a return line (69) of the container (7).
EP87102869A 1986-03-06 1987-02-28 Device for producing a detoxicating emulsion for combat agents Expired - Lifetime EP0236883B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87102869T ATE76764T1 (en) 1986-03-06 1987-02-28 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING DETOXIFICATION EMULSION FOR WARFARE AGENT.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3607424 1986-03-06
DE19863607424 DE3607424A1 (en) 1986-03-06 1986-03-06 Apparatus for producing a detoxification emulsion for NBC weapons
DE3616744 1986-05-17
DE19863616744 DE3616744A1 (en) 1986-05-17 1986-05-17 Device for producing a detoxification emulsion for ABC chemical weapons

Publications (3)

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EP0236883A2 EP0236883A2 (en) 1987-09-16
EP0236883A3 EP0236883A3 (en) 1989-05-10
EP0236883B1 true EP0236883B1 (en) 1992-06-03

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DE (1) DE3779447D1 (en)

Cited By (2)

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CN102794137A (en) * 2012-08-20 2012-11-28 宜兴市富陶环境保护设备有限公司 Drug adding device
CN103736599A (en) * 2014-01-14 2014-04-23 中国矿业大学(北京) Full-automatic flotation reagent quantitative adding system

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CZ277748B6 (en) * 1987-09-03 1993-04-14 Matra Werke Gmbh Apparatus for the continuous production of a liquid mixture of solid or liquid substances
FR2643792B1 (en) * 1989-03-02 1992-02-14 Rheo Process PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE PREPARATION OF SWEETENED BEVERAGES FROM WATER, INGREDIENTS AND A POWDER SWEETENER MIXTURE
US5409310A (en) * 1993-09-30 1995-04-25 Semitool, Inc. Semiconductor processor liquid spray system with additive blending
FR2840218B1 (en) * 2002-06-04 2004-08-13 Centre Nat Rech Scient SINGLE AND MULTIPLE EMULSIONS FOR DETOXICATION OF THE ORGANISM OR SURFACES
DE102012106977B3 (en) * 2012-07-31 2014-04-17 Netzsch Pumpen & Systeme Gmbh METHOD FOR EMPTYING AND CLEANING CONTAINERS
GR1010256B (en) * 2020-11-03 2022-06-27 Soukos Robotics E.E., Portable system for neutralizing chemical and biological agents

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US3495808A (en) * 1967-08-29 1970-02-17 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Automatic binder mix system
GB1591608A (en) * 1976-09-14 1981-06-24 Agfa Gevaert Method and apparatus suitable for the preparation of silver halide emulsions
US4117550A (en) * 1977-02-14 1978-09-26 Folland Enertec Ltd. Emulsifying system
DE2720683A1 (en) * 1977-05-07 1978-11-09 Horst Groneweg Kg Prepn. of emulsion, e.g. non-stick agent for use in baking - by feeding metered amounts of raw materials to tandem mixers with metered admixtures of water
DE2755166A1 (en) * 1977-12-10 1979-06-13 Agfa Gevaert Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF PHOTOGRAPHIC EMULSIONS
JPS606688B2 (en) * 1980-08-26 1985-02-20 日機装株式会社 Liquid dilution method and device
DE3047919C1 (en) * 1980-12-19 1982-06-16 Kaercher Gmbh & Co Alfred Detoxification liquid
DE3219670C1 (en) * 1982-05-26 1983-10-27 Kaercher Gmbh & Co Alfred Detoxification liquid
ZW16283A1 (en) * 1982-07-28 1984-03-07 Aeci Ltd Explosives mixing device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102794137A (en) * 2012-08-20 2012-11-28 宜兴市富陶环境保护设备有限公司 Drug adding device
CN103736599A (en) * 2014-01-14 2014-04-23 中国矿业大学(北京) Full-automatic flotation reagent quantitative adding system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0236883A3 (en) 1989-05-10
DE3779447D1 (en) 1992-07-09
EP0236883A2 (en) 1987-09-16

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