EP0236638B1 - Temperature compensated pressure regulator and extinguisher safety device equipped with such a pressure regulator. - Google Patents
Temperature compensated pressure regulator and extinguisher safety device equipped with such a pressure regulator. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0236638B1 EP0236638B1 EP86400492A EP86400492A EP0236638B1 EP 0236638 B1 EP0236638 B1 EP 0236638B1 EP 86400492 A EP86400492 A EP 86400492A EP 86400492 A EP86400492 A EP 86400492A EP 0236638 B1 EP0236638 B1 EP 0236638B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure regulator
- pressure
- chamber
- fire extinguisher
- pin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920004449 Halon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
- A62C3/08—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in aircraft
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a temperature compensated pressure switch and a fire extinguisher with operating safety. It also relates to a method for filling a pressure switch according to the invention. It finds application in the aeronautical field of fire fighting in fast discharge extinguishing devices.
- the invention overcomes this drawback.
- the end of the mobile of the pressure switch which is opposite to the end actuating the electrical device is subjected to the action of the pressure prevailing in a chamber for balancing the pressure of the pressure of the external atmosphere of the pressure switch , and in that the balancing chamber is arranged inside the chamber filled with the reference mixture.
- the casing 2 of the fire extinguisher has a hole through which a housing 3 is passed.
- the housing 3 comprises a chamber 4 filled with a gas mixture whose thermodynamic behavior in pressure and temperature is similar to that contained in the fire extinguisher itself.
- the gas mixture in chamber 4 must therefore have a pressure-temperature characteristic identical to that of the gases contained in the extinguisher.
- the two curves can be identical or obtained by a simple constant translation.
- the mixture of the chamber 4 is that contained in the extinguisher.
- a special feature of the chamber 4 is that it is perfectly sealed. Leaks in a fire extinguisher are often caused by the manufacturing technique. Indeed, high pressure fire extinguishers often have seals by a flat seal. Very small leaks at this level can lead to pressure differences of around ten percent in five years, which are incompatible with safety standards. Chamber 4 is constructed so as to avoid these leaks.
- the chamber 4 is a part of the housing 3.
- the latter comprises a volume 5 which communicates through orifices 6, 7 with the interior of the extinguisher.
- the volume 5 is adjacent to the chamber 4.
- the chamber 4 has a wall 21, 24 adjacent to the volume 5 and therefore supports on one side a pressure P1 in the chamber 4 and on the other a pressure P2 in the volume 5 and so in fire extinguisher 1.
- the wall 21, 24 has two parts, one of which 24 is fixed relative to the volume 5, and the other mobile 21.
- the mobile part 21 is connected to the fixed part 24 by a bellows 22 for example hydroformed stainless steel of the Calorstat type which serves both as a seal and as a calibration spring.
- the shaft 30 is made in one piece with the movable wall 21 so as to avoid sealing problems. He also wears a finger 9 mounted at the end of the shaft 30 on a stop 11. The finger 9 passes through an orifice in a third compartment 31 of the housing 3. This compartment 31 contains a microswitch 8 which is actuated only for a stroke of the finger 9 corresponding to a critical pressure difference.
- the microswitch 8 it is necessary for the microswitch 8 to work in an environment close to that of the free atmosphere, that is to say of the atmosphere external to the extinguisher.
- a sealing means must be provided between these two compartments.
- a stainless steel bellows 17 has been placed which provides a chamber 25 in communication with the third compartment 31, the chamber 25 surrounding the shaft 30 and protecting it from the contents of the fire extinguisher 1.
- the shaft 30 transmits the position of the plate 21. This position results from the balance of forces between the pressures applied to the effective sections of the bellows 17, 22, 23 and the stiffness of these same bellows.
- the bellows 17 and 23 are subjected to the same internal pressure (pressure in the chamber 31) through the passage sections 12 and 13.
- the bellows 17 is rigidly connected to the part 18.
- the bellows 23 is rigidly connected to the part 32
- the parts 18 and 32 are rigidly linked together.
- the cross sections of the bellows 17 and 23 having the same value, the pressure fluctuations in the chamber 31 do not influence the position of the plate 21.
- the shaft 30 rises until triggering the swich 8.
- a second microswitch is placed for example on the stop 32 to detect the descent of the shaft 30 when the bellows 23 leaks.
- the safety device is fixed and a flat seal 20 is arranged so as to ensure the seal.
- the interface 19 is constituted by a thread in order to make the safety device removable. The orifice is closed during the test by a corresponding threaded plug.
- the filling of the chamber 4 is ensured by a tube 15.
- the fillings of the extinguisher 1 and of the chamber 4 ensure there the same thermodynamic mixtures (same temperature pressure variations).
- the tube is welded at 16.
- the characteristic of the invention which makes the filling pressure of the enclosure to be checked equal to that of the pressure switch avoids the risks of leakage on closing 16.
- the filling of the pressure switch can be carried out as follows: a filling tank is first charged from the primary vacuum to a given mass of mixture which is defined to obtain at the end of filling the mixing ratio and the desired thermodynamic conditions. At least one pressure switch is put on primary vacuum and connected to an access valve (initially closed) to the filling tank. The assembly is placed in a climatic chamber brought to a higher temperature equal to the critical temperature of the mixture. We then wait for the thermo-mechanical balance of the mixture and then open the tank access valve so as to fill the thermostats.
- thermodynamic equilibrium is awaited, then the access valve is closed and the filling tube 15 of each pressure switch is closed, which returns to ambient temperature.
- the cycle is determined so that the molar composition and the pressure in the pressure switch at the end of filling correspond to the desired values.
- the invention applies to the monitoring of pressurized gas storage capacities both for on-board installations on air, space or land vehicles, as well as for fixed installations such as refinery storage tanks.
- the invention applies to the inflation bottles of the inflatable lifeboats on board the devices.
- the pressure switch is formed around a Bourdon tube immersed in the capacity to be monitored, the capacity of which is filled with the reference mixture.
- the tube is of calibrated stiffness and movable so as to drive an actuating lever of a microcontact analogous to the contact (8) so as to generate the alarm signal warning the central security that the controlled enclosure undergoes a drop in pressure due to leakage.
- This pressure drop is not due to a variation in the outside atmosphere since the pressure switch is said to be temperature compensated.
- the pressure switch always includes a balancing chamber intended to balance, that is to say cancel, the pressure variations of the external atmosphere of the pressure switch.
- the pressure drop information is transmitted to a micro-contact inside the capacity to be monitored, which is subject to external pressure conditions.
- the installation of a balancing system based on the principle of that of the figure removes the influence of external pressure on the system.
- the microswitch 8 is replaced by an electrical device which provides a functional signal of the position of the mobile 30, that is to say of the pressures acting on the parts of the pressure switch linked to the mobile 30.
- the derived signal is calibrated and continuously supplies the value of the controlled differential pressure.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un pressostat compensé en température et un extincteur à sécurité de fonctionnement. Elle concerne aussi un procédé de remplissage d'un pressostat selon l'invention. Elle trouve application dans le domaine aéronautique de lutte contre le feu dans les appareils par extinction à décharge rapide.The present invention relates to a temperature compensated pressure switch and a fire extinguisher with operating safety. It also relates to a method for filling a pressure switch according to the invention. It finds application in the aeronautical field of fire fighting in fast discharge extinguishing devices.
Dans un avion, les ensembles de lutte contre le feu ne jouent jamais qu'une fois et ceci rarement sur toute une flotte d'avions. Ainsi un extincteur a très peu de chances d'être actionné. Mais quand il l'est, il doit fonctionner aussi bien cinq ou dix ans après qu'au jour de sa fabrication. Or les méthodes de fabrication des extincteurs entraînent le risque de fuites à débits très faibles. L'extincteur peut après un temps très long se trouver inutilisable ou inefficace. Pour remédier à cet état, l'art antérieur présente une solution qui consiste à mesurer en permanence la pression interne de l'extincteur et à la comparer à une pression de seuil. Dès que la mesure devient inférieure à la valeur de la pression limite, un microcontact monté sur le capteur fournit un signal d'alarme transmis à la centrale de sécurité de l'avion.In an airplane, the firefighting sets never play once and this rarely on an entire fleet of planes. Thus a fire extinguisher has very little chance of being activated. But when it is, it must work as well five or ten years after that as of the day of its manufacture. However, the methods of manufacturing fire extinguishers involve the risk of leaks at very low flow rates. The extinguisher may after a very long time be unusable or ineffective. To remedy this state, the prior art presents a solution which consists in permanently measuring the internal pressure of the extinguisher and in comparing it with a threshold pressure. As soon as the measurement falls below the limit pressure value, a microswitch mounted on the sensor provides an alarm signal transmitted to the aircraft safety center.
Mais l'extincteur étant soumis à des conditions de température très variables selon le lieu, l'époque et l'altitude, la pression qui règne à l'intérieur de l'extincteur varie aussi selon une loi thermodynamique complexe. D'autre part, les extincteurs dont il est question comportent deux agents gazeux :
- un agent de propulsion comme de l'azote, et
- un agent anti-feu comme du halon.
- a propellant such as nitrogen, and
- an anti-fire agent such as halon.
Or les gaz sont en général miscibles et il faudrait tenir compte de leurs interactions.However, gases are generally miscible and their interactions should be taken into account.
Pour remédier à ces problèmes il a déjà été proposé (brevet US 3 576 412) de réaliser un pressostat compensé en température qui comporte une chambre étanche emplie d'un mélange de référence, cette chambre subissant une déformation mécanique en relation avec la différence de pression existant entre la pression du mélange de référence et la pression régnant à l'intérieur d'une capacité à contrôler, cette déformation étant transmise à un dispositif mobile actionnant un dispositif électrique destiné à fournir un signal en relation avec le déplacement du mobile.To remedy these problems, it has already been proposed (US Pat. No. 3,576,412) to produce a pressure switch compensated for by temperature which comprises a sealed chamber filled with a reference mixture, this chamber undergoing mechanical deformation in relation to the pressure difference existing between the pressure of the reference mixture and the pressure prevailing inside a capacity to be checked, this deformation being transmitted to a mobile device actuating an electrical device intended to supply a signal in relation to the movement of the mobile.
Mais le pressostat connu est sensible aux variations de pression de l'atmosphère extérieure.However, the known pressure switch is sensitive to variations in the pressure of the outside atmosphere.
L'invention remédie à cet inconvénient.The invention overcomes this drawback.
Elle est caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité du mobile du pressostat qui est opposée à l'extrémité actionnant le dispositif électrique est soumise à l'action de la pression régnant dans une chambre d'équilibrage de la pression de l'atmosphère extérieure du pressostat, et en ce que la chambre d'équilibrage est disposée à l'intérieur de la chambre emplie du mélange de référence.It is characterized in that the end of the mobile of the pressure switch which is opposite to the end actuating the electrical device is subjected to the action of the pressure prevailing in a chamber for balancing the pressure of the pressure of the external atmosphere of the pressure switch , and in that the balancing chamber is arranged inside the chamber filled with the reference mixture.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention appraîtront à l'aide de la description et de la figure annexée qui représente en coupe un exemple de réalisation d'un extincteur selon la présente invention.Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear with the aid of the description and the appended figure which shows in section an embodiment of a fire extinguisher according to the present invention.
A la figure, on a représenté la seule partie 1 de l'extincteur qui porte le dispositif pour assurer la sécurité de fonctionnement de l'extincteur. L'enveloppe 2 de l'extincteur comporte un perçage à travers lequel un boîtier 3 est passé. Le boîtier 3 comprend une chambre 4 remplie d'un mélange gazeux dont le comportement thermodynamique en pression et température est semblable à celui contenu dans l'extincteur proprement dit. Le mélange gazeux dans la chambre 4 doit donc présenter une caractéristique pression-température identique à celle des gaz contenus dans l'extincteur. Les deux courbes peuvent être identiques ou obtenues par une simple translation constante. Dans l'exemple de réalisation, le mélange de la chambre 4 est celui contenu dans l'extincteur.In the figure, there is shown the
Une particularité de la chambre 4 est qu'elle est parfaitement étanche. Les défauts d'étanchéité d'un extincteur sont souvent provoqués par la technique de fabrication. En effet, les extincteurs haute pression comportent souvent des étanchéïtés par un joint plat. Les fuites très faibles à ce niveau peuvent amener en cinq ans des écarts de pression de dix pour cent environ incompatibles avec les normes de sécurité. La chambre 4 est construite de manière à éviter ces fuites.A special feature of the chamber 4 is that it is perfectly sealed. Leaks in a fire extinguisher are often caused by the manufacturing technique. Indeed, high pressure fire extinguishers often have seals by a flat seal. Very small leaks at this level can lead to pressure differences of around ten percent in five years, which are incompatible with safety standards. Chamber 4 is constructed so as to avoid these leaks.
Dans l'exemple de réalisation, la chambre 4 est une partie du boîtier 3. Celui-ci comporte un volume 5 qui communique par des orifices 6 , 7 avec l'intérieur de l'extincteur. Le volume 5 est adjacent à la chambre 4. La chambre 4 comporte une paroi 21 , 24 adjacente au volume 5 et supporte donc d'un côté une pression P1 dans la chambre 4 et de l'autre une pression P2 dans le volume 5 et donc dans l'extincteur 1.In the exemplary embodiment, the chamber 4 is a part of the housing 3. The latter comprises a
Pour mesurer la pression différentielle P1-P2, la paroi 21 , 24 comporte deux parties dont l'une 24 est fixe relativement au volume 5, et l'autre mobile 21. La partie mobile 21 est reliée à la partie fixe 24 par un soufflet 22 par exemple hydroformé en inox du type Calorstat qui sert à la fois d'étanchéité et de ressort de tarage.To measure the differential pressure P1-P2, the
On conçoit ainsi que l'axe 30 solidaire de la paroi mobile 21 se déplace d'une quantité fonction de la différence de pression P2-P1 entre les deux compartiments 4 , 5. Comme les mélanges ont le même comportement thermodynamique, cette différence de pression ne dépend pas de la température et le dispositif de sécurité est donc bien compensé en température.It is thus understood that the
L'arbre 30 est réalisé d'une seule pièce avec la paroi mobile 21 de façon à éviter les problèmes d'étanchéité. Il porte aussi un doigt 9 monté en bout d'arbre 30 sur une butée 11. Le doigt 9 passe à travers un orifice dans un troisième compartiment 31 du boîtier 3. Ce compartiment 31 contient un microcontact 8 qui n'est actionné que pour une course du doigt 9 correspondant à une différence de pression critique.The
Dans cette hypothèse, on sait que les fuites de l'extincteur le rendent inutilisable et un générateur 10 émet un signal à une centrale de sécurité montée dans l'avion par exemple.In this hypothesis, it is known that leaks from the extinguisher make it unusable and a generator 10 emits a signal to a security center mounted on the aircraft for example.
Dans un exemple de réalisation, il faut que le microcontact 8 travaille dans un environnement proche de celui de l'atmosphère libre, c'est-à-dire de l'atmosphère extérieure à l'extincteur.In an exemplary embodiment, it is necessary for the microswitch 8 to work in an environment close to that of the free atmosphere, that is to say of the atmosphere external to the extinguisher.
Comme l'arbre 30 traverse le boîtier 3 à la séparation entre le volume 5 au second compartiment et le troisième compartiment 31; il faut disposer un moyen d'étanchéité entre ces deux compartiments. On a disposé un soufflet en inox 17 qui ménage une chambre 25 en communication avec le troisième compartiment 31, la chambre 25 entourant l'arbre 30 et le protégeant du contenu de l'extincteur 1.As the
L'arbre 30 transmet la position du plateau 21. Cette position découle de l'équilibre des forces entre les pressions appliquées sur les sections efficaces des soufflets 17, 22, 23 et des raideurs de ces mêmes soufflets.The
Les soufflets 17 et 23 sont soumis à la même pression intérieure (pression dans la chambre 31) de par les sections de passage 12 et 13. Le soufflet 17 est lié rigidement à la partie 18. Le soufflet 23 est lié rigidement à la partie 32. Les parties 18 et 32 sont liées rigidement entre elles. De plus les sections efficaces des soufflets 17 et 23 ayant même valeur, les fluctuations de la pression dans la chambre 31 n'influent pas sur la position du plateau 21.The bellows 17 and 23 are subjected to the same internal pressure (pressure in the chamber 31) through the passage sections 12 and 13. The bellows 17 is rigidly connected to the part 18. The bellows 23 is rigidly connected to the
Si l'extincteur présente une fuite à faible débit entre la chambre P2 à la pression de l'extincteur et la chambre 25 à la pression de l'extérieur, l'arbre 30 remonte jusqu'à déclencher le swich 8. Dans un exemple de réalisation, on a prévu aussi le cas où le soufflet 23 présentait une fuite entre les champbres 14 et 4. Un second microcontact est disposé par exemple sur la butée 32 pour détecter la descente de l'arbre 30 à la fuite du soufflet 23.If the extinguisher has a low flow rate leakage between the chamber P2 at the pressure of the extinguisher and the chamber 25 at the pressure from the outside, the
A l'interface 19 du boîtier 3 et de l'enveloppe 2 de l'extincteur 1, on fixe le dispositif de sécurité et on dispose un joint plat 20 de manière à assurer l'étanchéïté.At the interface 19 of the housing 3 and of the
Dans les cas où l'enveloppe 2 est soumise à des essais de réception à très hautes pressions, il n'est pas question de faire subir au dispositif de sécurité de tels efforts. Aussi l'interface 19 est constituée par un filetage afin de rendre le dispositif de sécurité amovible. L'orifice est refermé pendant l'essai par un bouchon fileté correspondant.In cases where the
Dans un exemple de réalisation, le remplissage de la chambre 4 est assuré par un tube 15. Dans un exemple de réalisation, les remplissages de l'extincteur 1 et de la chambre 4 y assurent les mêmes mélanges thermodynamques (mêmes variations pression température). A la fin du remplissage, le tube est soudé en 16.In an exemplary embodiment, the filling of the chamber 4 is ensured by a
En particulier, la caractéristique de l'invention qui fait la pression de remplissage de l'enceinte à controler égale à celle du pressostat évite les risques de fuite à la fermeture 16.In particular, the characteristic of the invention which makes the filling pressure of the enclosure to be checked equal to that of the pressure switch avoids the risks of leakage on closing 16.
Le remplissage du pressostat avant sa pose sur l'enceinte à controler pose un problème délicat. En effet, le mélange dans la chambre 4 doit avoir un rapport de mélange et une pression parfaitement adaptés et donc déterminés par les caractéristiques du mélange dans l'enceinte à controler. Le remplissage du pressostat peut s'effectuer de la façon suivante: un réservoir de remplissage est d'abord chargé depuis le vide primaire jusqu'à une masse donnée de mélange qui est définie pour obtenir à la fin du remplissage le rapport de mélange et les conditions thermodynamique désirées. Au moins un pressostat est mis au vide primaire et connecté à un robinet d'accès (initialement fermé) au réservoir de remplissage. L'ensemble est placé dans une enceinte climatique portée à une température supérieure égale à la température critique du mélange. On attend ensuite l'équilibre thermodymanique du mélange puis on ouvre le robinet d'accès au réservoir de façon à remplir les thermostats. On attend l'équilibre thermodynamique puis on referme le robinet d'accès et on scelle le tube 15 de remplissage de chaque pressostat qui retourne à la température ambiante. Le cycle est déterminé de manière à ce que la composition molaire et la pression dans le pressostat à la fin du remplissage correspondent à des valeurs désirés.Filling the pressure switch before it is placed on the enclosure to be checked poses a delicate problem. In fact, the mixture in chamber 4 must have a perfectly adapted mixing ratio and pressure and therefore determined by the characteristics of the mixture in the enclosure to be checked. The filling of the pressure switch can be carried out as follows: a filling tank is first charged from the primary vacuum to a given mass of mixture which is defined to obtain at the end of filling the mixing ratio and the desired thermodynamic conditions. At least one pressure switch is put on primary vacuum and connected to an access valve (initially closed) to the filling tank. The assembly is placed in a climatic chamber brought to a higher temperature equal to the critical temperature of the mixture. We then wait for the thermo-mechanical balance of the mixture and then open the tank access valve so as to fill the thermostats. The thermodynamic equilibrium is awaited, then the access valve is closed and the filling
L'invention s'applique à la surveillance des capacités de stockage de gaz sous pression aussi bien pour des installations embarquées sur des véhicules aériens, spatiaux ou terrestres, que pour des installations fixes comme des réservoirs de stockage de raffineries. En particulier l'invention s'applique aux bouteilles de glonflage des canots pneumatiques de sauvetage embarqués sur les appareils.The invention applies to the monitoring of pressurized gas storage capacities both for on-board installations on air, space or land vehicles, as well as for fixed installations such as refinery storage tanks. In particular, the invention applies to the inflation bottles of the inflatable lifeboats on board the devices.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, le pressostat est constitué autour d'un tube de Bourdon plongé dans la capacité à surveiller dont la capacité est rempli du mélange de référence. Le tube est de raideur étalonnée et mobile de manière à entraîner un levier d'actionnement d'un microcontact analogue au contact (8) de manière à engendrer le signal d'alarme avertissant la centrale de sécurité que l'enceinte contrôlée subit une baisse de pression dûe à une fuite. Cette baisse de pression n'est pas dûe à une variation de l'atmosphère extérieure puisque le pressostat est dit compensé en température. A cette fin, le pressostat comporte toujours une chambre d'équilibrage destinée à équilibrer, c'est-à-dire à annuler, les variations de pression de l'atmosphère extérieure du pressostat. Dans le cas d'un pressostat à tube de Bourdon, l'information de chute de pression est transmise à un micro contact à l'intérieur de la capacité à surveiller qui est soumis aux conditions extérieures de pression. La mise en place d'un système d'équilibrage basé sur le principe de celui de la figure supprime l'influence de la pression extérieure sur le système.In another embodiment, the pressure switch is formed around a Bourdon tube immersed in the capacity to be monitored, the capacity of which is filled with the reference mixture. The tube is of calibrated stiffness and movable so as to drive an actuating lever of a microcontact analogous to the contact (8) so as to generate the alarm signal warning the central security that the controlled enclosure undergoes a drop in pressure due to leakage. This pressure drop is not due to a variation in the outside atmosphere since the pressure switch is said to be temperature compensated. To this end, the pressure switch always includes a balancing chamber intended to balance, that is to say cancel, the pressure variations of the external atmosphere of the pressure switch. In the case of a Bourdon tube pressure switch, the pressure drop information is transmitted to a micro-contact inside the capacity to be monitored, which is subject to external pressure conditions. The installation of a balancing system based on the principle of that of the figure removes the influence of external pressure on the system.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, le microcontact 8 est remplacé par un dispositif électrique qui fournit un signal fonction de la position du mobile 30 c'est-à-dire des pressions agissant sur les parties du pressostat liées au mobile 30. Le signal dérivé est étalonné et fournit en permanence la valeur de la pression différentielle contrôlée.In another embodiment, the microswitch 8 is replaced by an electrical device which provides a functional signal of the position of the mobile 30, that is to say of the pressures acting on the parts of the pressure switch linked to the mobile 30. The derived signal is calibrated and continuously supplies the value of the controlled differential pressure.
Claims (15)
- A temperature-compensated pressure regulator comprising a tight chamber (4) which is filled with a reference mixture and which is submitted to a mechanical deformation in accordance with the difference between the pressure of the reference mixture and the pressure prevailing inside a space (1) to be regulated, this deformation being transmitted to a mobile member (30) acting on a electrical device (8) which is intended to supply a signal in accordance with the displacement of the mobile member (30), characterized in that the end of the mobile member (30) which is opposite to that cooperating with the electrical device (8) is submitted to the action of the pressure prevailing in a second chamber (14) in which the pressure of the atmosphere outside the pressure regulator prevails, and that this equilibration chamber (14) is disposed inside the tight chamber (4) which is filled with the reference mixture.
- A pressure regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the tight chamber (4), which is filled with the reference mixture, is limited by a wall (22) which can be deformed at least in the direction of displacement of the mobile member (30), this wall being in contact with the pressure in the space (1) to be regulated.
- A pressure regulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the deformable wall is constituted by a Bourdon gauge whose free end is connected to the mobile member (30).
- A pressure regulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the deformable member is constituted by bellows (22) connected to the mobile member (30).
- A pressure regulator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrical device detects a position of the mobile member (30) corresponding to a malfunction of the regulator when a leak exists between the reference chamber (4) and the equilibration chamber (14).
- A fire extinguisher comprising a gaseous propellant agent and a gaseous extinction agent, characterized in that it is supplied with a temperature-compensated pressure regulator according to any one of the preceding claims.
- A fire extinguisher according to claim 6, characterized in that the tight chamber (4) of the pressure regulator is filled with the same mixture of gaseous agents as the extinguisher (1).
- A fire extinguisher according to claim 7, characterized in that the chamber (4) of the pressure regulator and the fire extinguisher (1) are filled up to the same pressure.
- A fire extinguisher according to claim 6, characterized in that the mobile member (30) of the pressure regulator comprises a pin (30) whose finger-shaped end (9) cooperates with the electrical device (8) and is supplied with a stop (11) in order to restrict the stroke of this pin.
- A fire extinguisher according to claim 6, characterized in that the pressure regulator comprises a casing (3) having a first compartment which constitutes the tight chamber (4) and is filled with the reference mixture, a second compartment (5) which is submitted to the pressure prevailing inside the fire extinguisher, and a third compartment (31) containing the electrical device (8).
- A fire extinguisher according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the pin (30) of the pressure regulator passes through an opening in the partition between the second and third compartments (5, 31) of said pressure regulator.
- A fire extinguisher according to claim 11, characterized in that in the pressure regulator, the tightness between the second and the third compartments (5, 31) is ensured by bellows (17) which are fixed on the one hand to the opening traversed by the pin (30) and on the other hand to this pin (30).
- A fire extinguisher according to claim 12, characterized in that the pin (30) is extended in the pressure regulator towards the first compartment (4) into a chamber (14) which is limited by bellows (23), these bellows being fixed on the one hand to the pin extension (30) and on the other hand to a stationary wall (32) which constitutes the bottom of the first compartment (4), and that a duct (12, 13) establishes communication between the chamber (25) limited by the bellows (17) fixed to the opening traversed by the pin, and the outside pressure equilibration chamber (14) which is limited by said bellows (23) fixed to the pin extension (30).
- A fire extinguisher according to claim 13, characterized in that the pressure regulator comprises an electrical contact intended to produce an alarm signal of pressure regulator malfunction, this contact being disposed so as to detect a movement of the pin (30) towards the bottom of the outside pressure equilibration chamber (14) of the pressure regulator.
- A fire extinguisher according to claim 10, characterized in that the interface (19) between said casing (3) of the pressure regulator and the wall (2) of the fire extinguisher is constituted by a threading.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8416438A FR2572292B3 (en) | 1984-10-26 | 1984-10-26 | OPERATING SAFETY EXTINGUISHER |
| DE8686400492T DE3679179D1 (en) | 1986-03-07 | 1986-03-07 | TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED PRESSURE REGULATOR AND SAFETY DEVICE FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WITH SUCH A PRESSURE REGULATOR. |
| EP86400492A EP0236638B1 (en) | 1986-03-07 | 1986-03-07 | Temperature compensated pressure regulator and extinguisher safety device equipped with such a pressure regulator. |
| CA000506349A CA1256961A (en) | 1986-03-07 | 1986-04-10 | Temperature compensated pressure minder, extinguisher with safe handling feature having said pressure minder, and filling process of a like pressure minder |
| US06/853,922 US4697643A (en) | 1986-03-07 | 1986-04-21 | Temperature-compensated pressure controller, operationally reliable extinguisher provided with such a pressure controller and process for filling such a pressure controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86400492A EP0236638B1 (en) | 1986-03-07 | 1986-03-07 | Temperature compensated pressure regulator and extinguisher safety device equipped with such a pressure regulator. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0236638A1 EP0236638A1 (en) | 1987-09-16 |
| EP0236638B1 true EP0236638B1 (en) | 1991-05-08 |
Family
ID=8196285
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86400492A Expired - Lifetime EP0236638B1 (en) | 1984-10-26 | 1986-03-07 | Temperature compensated pressure regulator and extinguisher safety device equipped with such a pressure regulator. |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4697643A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0236638B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1256961A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3679179D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE8626017U1 (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1986-11-20 | Werner Turck GmbH & Co. KG, 58553 Halver | Proximity switch with a sensor part that can be installed in a pressure cylinder to detect the piston position |
| US5000047A (en) * | 1988-03-29 | 1991-03-19 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Pressure sensor |
| DE3923660A1 (en) * | 1989-07-18 | 1991-01-24 | Leybold Ag | ON / OFF SWITCH |
| US5027905A (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-07-02 | Cousineau Ronald L | Fire sprinkler control apparatus |
| US4928376A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1990-05-29 | Motorola Inc. | Method for filling a cavity, such as a sensor cavity, with an incompressible fluid |
| US4980675A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1990-12-25 | Spectrum Associates | Temperature compensatible pressure monitor and sensor construction |
| US5578993A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1996-11-26 | Autronics Corporation | Temperature compensated annunciator |
| US7271704B2 (en) | 1996-01-23 | 2007-09-18 | Mija Industries, Inc. | Transmission of data to emergency response personnel |
| US7174769B2 (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 2007-02-13 | Mija Industries, Inc. | Monitoring contents of fluid containers |
| US8210047B2 (en) | 1996-01-23 | 2012-07-03 | En-Gauge, Inc. | Remote fire extinguisher station inspection |
| US7450020B2 (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 2008-11-11 | Mija Industries, Inc. | Signaling pressure detection assembly |
| US7728715B2 (en) | 1996-01-23 | 2010-06-01 | En-Gauge, Inc. | Remote monitoring |
| US7891435B2 (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 2011-02-22 | En-Gauge, Inc. | Remote inspection of emergency equipment stations |
| US7188679B2 (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 2007-03-13 | Mija Industries, Inc. | Remote fire extinguisher station inspection |
| US7174783B2 (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 2007-02-13 | Mija Industries, Inc. | Remote monitoring of fluid containers |
| US5775430A (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 1998-07-07 | Mija Industries, Inc. | Electroluminescent signalling fire extinguisher |
| US5741975A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-04-21 | Motorola, Inc. | Media isolated differential pressure sensor and fluid injection method |
| US20060193262A1 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Mcsheffrey Brendan T | Collecting and managing data at a construction site |
| US9609287B2 (en) | 2005-03-02 | 2017-03-28 | En-Gauge, Inc. | Remote monitoring |
| ES1062600Y (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2006-10-01 | Calvo Benigno Garcia | PRESSURE CONTROL DEVICE IN A FIRE EXTINGUISHER |
| US8749373B2 (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2014-06-10 | En-Gauge, Inc. | Emergency equipment power sources |
| US8981927B2 (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2015-03-17 | En-Gauge, Inc. | Object Tracking with emergency equipment |
| US9041534B2 (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2015-05-26 | En-Gauge, Inc. | Fluid container resource management |
| WO2014070502A1 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2014-05-08 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Supported salan catalysts |
| US9463344B2 (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2016-10-11 | Kidde Technologies, Inc. | Bellows actuated temperature compensated pressure switching apparatus and system |
| US20220072353A1 (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-03-10 | Ametek Ameron, Llc | Multi-shot fire metering system |
| CN117629539B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-08-16 | 建研科诺(北京)环境技术有限公司 | Method for testing air tightness of protection area of gas fire extinguishing system |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1028886B (en) * | 1952-04-22 | 1958-04-24 | Minimax Ag | Device for monitoring the tightness of carbon dioxide bottles, especially for fire extinguishing purposes, and switching for an alarm device to be operated by this device |
| FR1557077A (en) * | 1967-12-12 | 1969-02-14 | ||
| JPS5031946B1 (en) * | 1970-12-05 | 1975-10-16 | ||
| US3735376A (en) * | 1971-03-05 | 1973-05-22 | Htl Industries | Leakage indicator for a fire extinguisher |
| US3946175A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1976-03-23 | Htl Industries, Inc. | Magnetic pressure indicator for a container |
| US4143545A (en) * | 1978-01-03 | 1979-03-13 | Htl Industries, Inc. | Pressure gauge assembly |
| US4289207A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1981-09-15 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Fire extinguishing system |
| US4297687A (en) * | 1980-02-22 | 1981-10-27 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Leak detection apparatus |
-
1986
- 1986-03-07 EP EP86400492A patent/EP0236638B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-03-07 DE DE8686400492T patent/DE3679179D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-04-10 CA CA000506349A patent/CA1256961A/en not_active Expired
- 1986-04-21 US US06/853,922 patent/US4697643A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0236638A1 (en) | 1987-09-16 |
| US4697643A (en) | 1987-10-06 |
| DE3679179D1 (en) | 1991-06-13 |
| CA1256961A (en) | 1989-07-04 |
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