EP0233323B1 - Ausschalter - Google Patents
Ausschalter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0233323B1 EP0233323B1 EP86115283A EP86115283A EP0233323B1 EP 0233323 B1 EP0233323 B1 EP 0233323B1 EP 86115283 A EP86115283 A EP 86115283A EP 86115283 A EP86115283 A EP 86115283A EP 0233323 B1 EP0233323 B1 EP 0233323B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- arc
- circuit breaker
- contactor
- contactors
- contacts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HPDFFVBPXCTEDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Cu] HPDFFVBPXCTEDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000896 Manganin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
- H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
- H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
- H01H77/102—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by special mounting of contact arm, allowing blow-off movement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
- H01H73/02—Details
- H01H73/04—Contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
- H01H73/02—Details
- H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
- H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
- H01H2077/025—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with pneumatic means, e.g. by arc pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention, in which an enclosure 1 made of an insulator forms the outer frame of a switching device and is provided with an exhaust port 101.
- a first contactor 2 is constructed of a first rigid conductor 201, and a first contact 202 which is mounted on one end part of the first rigid conductor 201, the other end part of which is turnably supported by a pivot pin 2b on a holder 2a fixed to the enclosure 1.
- the first rigid conductor 201 is connected to a connection terminal 204 through a flexible conductor 203.
- a second contactor 3 being movable relative to the first contactor 2 in order to close or open the circuit breaker, is constructed of a second rigid conductor 301 which is operated relative to the first rigid conductor 201 so as to close or open the circuit breaker, and a second contact 302 which is mounted on one end part of the second rigid conductor 301 in a manner to confront the first contact 202.
- the second rigid conductor 301 is connected to an external conductor (not shown) through a flexible conductor 303, and the intermediate part thereof is turnably supported on one end part of a movable frame member 305 by a pivot pin 304.
- the other end part of the movable frame member 305 is turnably supported on a supporter 306 by a pivot pin 307.
- a spring 2A is interposed between the first rigid conductor 201 and the enclosure 1, and a torsion spring 3A is applied to the pivot pin 304 and has its respective end parts held in engagement with the second rigid conductor 301 and the movable frame member 305. These springs bias the first and second contacts 202 and 302, respectively.
- An operating mechanism 4 for operating the second contactor 3 so as to close or open the circuit breaker, is formed so that one end part of a lower link 401 constituting a linkage is turnably coupled to the pivot pin 304 and that also an operating handle 402 is turnably coupled to the linkage.
- Arc extinguishing plates 5 extinguish an electric arc struck when the second contact 302 is separated from the first contact 202, and they are supported by a pair of side plates 501 and 502.
- Arc shields 6 and 7 made of a high resistivity material are respectively mounted on the first and second rigid conductors 201 and 301 in a manner to have the first and second contacts 202 and 302 projecting therethrough and to oppose to the electric arc A.
- the first and second contacts 202 and 302 are engaged as illustrated in Fig. 3.
- a high current such as a short-circuit current flows under these conditions
- the first and second rigid conductors 201 and 301 are electromagnetically repelled on account of parallel currents flowing in opposite directions to each other through these rigid conductors.
- the first and second rigid conductors 201 and 301 are separated from each other, so that the electric arc A develops across the first and second contacts 202 and 302 as illustrated in Fig. 4.
- the operating mechanism 4 works to completely separate the second rigid conductor 301.
- metal particles are reflected by the arc shields 6 and 7 to render the pressure of the arc space high, with the result that the arc is effectively cooled and extinguished.
- the other end part of the second rigid conductor 301 is turnably supported on the movable frame member 305 by the pivot pin 304
- the other end part of the first rigid conductor 201 is turnably supported on the supporter 2a by the pivot pin 2b
- the currents flowing through the first and second rigid conductors 201 and 301 are in parallel and opposite in direction to each other. Therefore, when the high current, such as short-circuit current flows, the first and second rigid conductors 201 and 301 are electromagnetically repelled by the currents flowing therethrough, without waiting for the operation of the operating mechanism 4.
- the electromagnetic repellence separates both the first and second rigid conductors 201 and 301, to generate the arc A.
- the rigid conductors Upon the generation of the arc A, the rigid conductors can be separated at very high speed by the pressure rise of the space Q between the arc shields 6 and 7, in addition to the electromagnetic repellent force. Accordingly, the arc voltage starts rising very quickly. Since both the first and second rigid conductors 201 and 301 separate, the arc length stretches, and this raises the arc voltage very greatly conjointly with the effect of the arc shields 6 and 7, so that the peak value of the current to flow through the circuit can be made very small.
- Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the arc shield 7.
- this arc shield 7 is provided with a groove or arc runway 701 which extends from the second contact 302 toward the arc extinguishing plates 5, so as to expose the second movable rigid conductor 301.
- the arc A runs toward the arc extinguishing plates 5 within this groove, to become effectively extinguished in direct contact with the arc extinguishing plates 5. Due to these arc shields 6 and 7 the arc voltage can be remarkably raised so that a high current-limiting performance can be attained.
- the circuit breaker of this invention is constructed such that except for a part of the electically contacting surface of either contact of the circuit breaker, the part of a rigid conductor adjacent to the contact as projects to the surrounding space is concealed behind an arc shield (a plate-shaped pressure reflector or a covering such as taping and coating) which is made of a substance of a highly resistive material (called the "high resistivity material” hereinbelow) having a resistivity higher than that of a material forming the rigid conductor, thereby to forcibly inject metal particles into an arc space, and that the electrodes are separated at high speed by a high pressure established owing to the provision of the arc shield.
- an arc shield a plate-shaped pressure reflector or a covering such as taping and coating
- high resistivity material there can be used, for example, an organic or inorganic insulator, or a high resistivity metal such as copper-nickel, copper-manganese, manganin, iron-carbon, iron-nickel and iron-chromium. It is also possible to use iron whose resistance increases abruptly in accordance with a temperature rise.
- the circuit breaker of the present embodiment can prevent the polarity effect on the current-limiting performance from becoming different depending upon whether the polarity on the contact to be separated by the electromagnetic repellence is a cathode or an anode and it can stabilize the current-limiting performance. That is, such beneficial result is achieved by the measure that both the first rigid conductor 201 and the second rigid conductor 301 on which the first contact 202 and the second contact 302 are respectively mounted are formed of the turnable electromagnetic repulsion type.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Claims (4)
- Ausschalter mit einem Betätigungsmechanismus (4) zum Schließen bzw. Öffnen eines elektrischen Stromkreises, bei welchem ein Paar von Kontakten (202, 302) miteinander in Berührung oder voneinander getrennt werden, dieses Paar von Kontakten (202, 302) auf entsprechenden starren Stromleitern (201, 301) von Kontaktarmen (2, 3) angeordnet ist, und die Kontaktarme (2, 3) schwenkbar gelagert sind, um die gegenüberliegenden Kontakte (202, 302) aufeinanderzu zu bewegen bzw. voneinander zu entfernen,- wobei der zweite Kontaktarm (3) gegenüber dem Gehäuse (1) des Ausschalters schwenkbar gelagert ist und Teil eines Kippelementes bildet, welches mit dem Betätigungsmechanismus (4) verbunden ist,- wobei der erste Kontaktarm (2) schwenkbar gegenüber dem Gehäuse (1) angeordnet ist und unter dem Einfluß einer Feder (2A) steht, welche diesen Kontaktarm (2) in Richtung des zweiten Kontaktarms (3) drückt, und- wobei beide Kontaktarme (2, 3) in Bezug aufeinander parallel und symmetrisch angeordnet sind, so daß im geschlossenen Zustand eine Stromschleife gebildet ist,dadurch gekennzeichnet,- daß der zweite Kontaktarm (3) in seinem mittleren Bereich mit einem Gelenkpunkt (304) versehen ist, der einer weiteren Feder (3A) ausgesetzt ist ,- daß die beiden Kontaktarme (2, 3) mit Lichtbogenschilden (6, 7) versehen sind, welche die entsprechenden Kontakte (202, 302) umgeben,- daß die Lichtbogenschilde (6, 7) aus einem Material hohen elektrischen Widerstandes hergestellt sind und- daß jeder dieser Lichtbogenschilde (6, 7) einen Lichtbogenpfad (701) aufweist, welcher sich von den Kontakten (202, 302) in Richtung von Lichtbogenlöschplatten (5) erstreckt, wodurch der Stromleiter (201, 301) der betreffenden Kontaktarme (2, 3) freigelegt ist.
- Ausschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Kontaktarme (2, 3) über biegsame Leiter (203, 303) an Außenklemmen (204) angeschlossen sind.
- Ausschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Material der Lichtbogenschilde (6, 7) ein organisches oder inorganisches Isoliermaterial ist.
- Ausschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Material der Lichtbogenschilde (6, 7) ein Metall hohen elektrischen Widerstandes wie Kupfer-Nickel, Kupfer-Mangan, Eisen-Kohlenstoff, Eisen-Nickel, Eisen-Chrom oder Eisen ist.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP86115283A EP0233323B1 (de) | 1981-03-12 | 1982-03-12 | Ausschalter |
Applications Claiming Priority (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP35552/81U | 1981-03-12 | ||
JP35554/81U | 1981-03-12 | ||
JP35555/81U | 1981-03-12 | ||
JP35557/81U | 1981-03-12 | ||
JP1981035554U JPH0218516Y2 (de) | 1981-03-12 | 1981-03-12 | |
JP3555681U JPS57147552U (de) | 1981-03-12 | 1981-03-12 | |
JP3555781U JPS57147553U (de) | 1981-03-12 | 1981-03-12 | |
JP3555281U JPS57147548U (de) | 1981-03-12 | 1981-03-12 | |
JP35556/81U | 1981-03-12 | ||
JP3555581U JPS57147551U (de) | 1981-03-12 | 1981-03-12 | |
EP86115283A EP0233323B1 (de) | 1981-03-12 | 1982-03-12 | Ausschalter |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82102015.3 Division | 1982-03-12 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0233323A2 EP0233323A2 (de) | 1987-08-26 |
EP0233323A3 EP0233323A3 (en) | 1987-09-09 |
EP0233323B1 true EP0233323B1 (de) | 1991-10-16 |
Family
ID=27545384
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86115283A Expired - Lifetime EP0233323B1 (de) | 1981-03-12 | 1982-03-12 | Ausschalter |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0233323B1 (de) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE944566C (de) * | 1951-02-08 | 1956-06-21 | Starkstrom Schaltgeraetefabrik | Lichtbogenloescheinrichtung |
US3599130A (en) * | 1968-07-15 | 1971-08-10 | Terasaki Denki Sangyo Kk | Circuit interrupter |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3402273A (en) * | 1965-12-01 | 1968-09-17 | Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd | Arc chamber for circuit breakers |
DE1765050B2 (de) * | 1968-03-26 | 1976-08-05 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt | Elektrische kontakt- oder elektrodenanordnung zur ortsfesten stabilisierung der lichtbogenfusspunkte und zur verringerung der abbrandverluste |
US3997746A (en) * | 1974-04-23 | 1976-12-14 | Airpax Electronics, Incorporated | Circuit breaker with arc chamber screen |
JPS5848979B2 (ja) * | 1978-08-10 | 1983-11-01 | 富士電機株式会社 | 回路しや断器 |
US4409445A (en) * | 1980-12-09 | 1983-10-11 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Circuit breaker |
US4454395A (en) * | 1981-02-27 | 1984-06-12 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Circuit breaker |
-
1982
- 1982-03-12 EP EP86115283A patent/EP0233323B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE944566C (de) * | 1951-02-08 | 1956-06-21 | Starkstrom Schaltgeraetefabrik | Lichtbogenloescheinrichtung |
US3599130A (en) * | 1968-07-15 | 1971-08-10 | Terasaki Denki Sangyo Kk | Circuit interrupter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0233323A2 (de) | 1987-08-26 |
EP0233323A3 (en) | 1987-09-09 |
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