EP0231797B1 - Ceramic stud for a sports shoe - Google Patents

Ceramic stud for a sports shoe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0231797B1
EP0231797B1 EP87100576A EP87100576A EP0231797B1 EP 0231797 B1 EP0231797 B1 EP 0231797B1 EP 87100576 A EP87100576 A EP 87100576A EP 87100576 A EP87100576 A EP 87100576A EP 0231797 B1 EP0231797 B1 EP 0231797B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gripping element
metal sleeve
ceramic insert
element body
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87100576A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0231797A3 (en
EP0231797A2 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Greiner
Hubert Ing. Pflüger
Horst Widmann
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Adidas AG
Original Assignee
Adidas AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Adidas AG filed Critical Adidas AG
Priority to AT87100576T priority Critical patent/ATE52898T1/en
Publication of EP0231797A2 publication Critical patent/EP0231797A2/en
Publication of EP0231797A3 publication Critical patent/EP0231797A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0231797B1 publication Critical patent/EP0231797B1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
    • A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
    • A43C15/16—Studs or cleats for football or like boots
    • A43C15/161—Studs or cleats for football or like boots characterised by the attachment to the sole

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gripping element for sports shoes, with a gripping element body made of plastic and with a ceramic insert forming the tread surface of the gripping element and embedded in the gripping element body.
  • a gripping element of the type specified at the outset (DE-OS 32 33 900) it is already known to inject an oxide ceramic insert directly into the gripping element body made of plastic or to glue it into the latter. Practical experience has shown, however, that such a connection of the ceramic insert to the gripping element body does not withstand the shear forces acting perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the gripping element in the long run, so that the ceramic inserts become detached and are lost.
  • a gripping element that does not belong to the type specified at the outset is known (DE-OS 32 33 900; FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6), which does not have a ceramic insert, but in which the gripping element body also consists of ceramic.
  • This has a flange-like widening at its upper end and continuous recesses or cutouts at the widening and is embedded in a substructure made of glass or carbon fiber reinforced polyamide.
  • the plastic material of the substructure is intended to penetrate or penetrate the recesses and cutouts and in this way fix the ceramic gripping element body. With this substructure, the gripping element is then fastened directly in a sole by embedding it.
  • This structure of the known gripping element is so complex and therefore expensive that it is out of the question for a gripping element that should be traded for pennies.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a gripping element of the type specified at the outset which, despite its simple and therefore inexpensive construction, can withstand the forces occurring during use for a long time.
  • this object is achieved in that the ceramic insert within the gripping element body is encompassed over part of its length by a metal sleeve likewise embedded in the gripping element body and at least on its outer surface encompassed by the metal sleeve has recesses and / or projections which are made of the plastic of the Gripping element body are filled or encased.
  • the solution according to the invention thus provides a composite structure in which the plastic of the gripping element body - which is also the sole material when the gripping elements are directly molded onto a sole (cam) - is used for the form-fitting retention of the ceramic insert by penetrating into its recesses or its projections envelops, while the metal sleeve encompassing the ceramic insert evenly transmits the forces occurring during use to the surrounding body of the gripping element and therefore the service life of the mounting structure, ie the positive connection between plastic and ceramic insert, considerably extended compared to the known solutions.
  • the metal sleeve in its Wall has openings distributed around the circumference, through which the plastic material, which is still flowable or liquid during the production process, can penetrate into the interior of the sleeve in which the ceramic insert is inserted and through which the recesses and projections can flow or flow.
  • the ceramic insert can be fitted into the metal sleeve relatively closely because the plastic finds access to the interior of the sleeve through the openings.
  • the ceramic insert is surrounded by the metal sleeve with sufficient play, so that the plastic can penetrate into the interior of the metal sleeve from the end or the ends during the manufacturing process and flow around the ceramic insert.
  • the game should be just sufficient to allow such an inflow and reflow; the plastic layer located between the inner wall of the sleeve and the outside of the ceramic insert should have a thickness of only a few tenths of a millimeter, expediently only 0.1 mm.
  • the metal sleeve engages over the ceramic insert at least on part of its end face embedded in the gripping element body and rests directly on the end face.
  • the metal sleeve is advantageously formed in one piece with this metal shaft.
  • the inner end face of the metal shaft which may be widened in a flange-like manner to the transverse dimension of the metal sleeve, forms the bottom of the metal sleeve, against which the end face of the ceramic insert rests directly, ie without any plastic in between.
  • the ceramic insert and in particular the part of which is encompassed by the metal sleeve is normally cylindrical, in particular circular-cylindrical, the shape of the metal sleeve being adapted accordingly.
  • a design deviating from a cylindrical shape is also conceivable, e.g. a rectangular or polygonal cross section of the ceramic insert.
  • the metal sleeve must have an appropriate shape.
  • the ceramic insert can furthermore have largely constant transverse dimensions over its longitudinal course, e.g. be formed as a substantially cylindrical body.
  • the part embedded in the gripping element body, or at least the part of the ceramic insert encompassed by the metal sleeve is offset from the part that forms the tread surface, i.e. has smaller transverse dimensions.
  • the part forming the tread surface which is mainly responsible for absorbing the occurring forces, can be given the advantageous lens shape, which gives the maximum strength against the combined loads occurring when the gripping element is used (cf. DE-GBM 85 21 733).
  • the gripping elements shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 on an enlarged scale are consistently rotationally symmetrical in their essential parts and in their shape, so that the representation of an end view is unnecessary.
  • the rotationally symmetrical shape is not essential for the invention, but can be modified in favor of an oval cross-sectional shape, for example, or a prismatic design with a square or polygonal cross-section.
  • the lug shown in Fig. 1 consists essentially of a gripping element body 1, a ceramic insert 2 and a metal sleeve 3, which continues on its top in the form of a threaded metal shaft 4.
  • the gripping element body 1 consists of a plastic, e.g. Polyamide or polyurethane that is flowable during the manufacturing process and can be processed, for example, by injection molding.
  • the shape of the gripping element body 1 is of a type known from conventional gripping elements, in particular studs, and therefore does not require any detailed explanation here. This applies in particular in view of the fact that this shape on the outside of the gripping element body 1 is also not critical, but can be any conical or cylindrical.
  • engagement surfaces 11 are provided for a turning tool and the support surface 12 coming into contact with the running side of the outsole (not shown) can carry a profile that makes it difficult or impossible to involuntarily twist the gripping element in the state attached to the sole.
  • the ceramic insert 2 consists, for example, of aluminum oxide (A1 2 0 3 ), silicon carbide (SiC) or steatite. It has a lower lenticular part 22 which forms the tread surface 21 and an upper part 23 which is substantially cylindrical and has a smaller diameter than the lower part 22.
  • the lenticular lower part 22 has a ratio of its diameter to its thickness of approximately 2.5: 1.
  • the stepped upper part 23 carries three mutually parallel and circumferential ring ribs 24, which form corresponding circumferential ring grooves 25 between them. The edges of the ring ribs or ring grooves are rounded.
  • the metal sleeve 3 is made of steel and overlaps the part 23 of the ceramic insert up to approximately the lowest ring rib 24. It forms a flat bottom 31, on which the flat end face of the ceramic insert 2 is supported directly.
  • the diameter of the metal sleeve 3 is selected so that there is a play in the order of magnitude of 0.05 to 0.1 mm between the ridges of the ring ribs 25 and the inner wall of the metal sleeve 3.
  • the metal sleeve 3 has four circular openings 32 distributed uniformly over its circumference, which are so large that they allow access to the two upper ring grooves 25.
  • both the ceramic insert 2 with its upper part 23 and the metal sleeve 3 are embedded in the plastic of the gripping element body 1 and are positively held by the latter.
  • the plastic of the gripping element body 1 continues into the space existing between the inner wall of the metal sleeve 3 and the outer surface of the ceramic insert 2, where it forms a plastic layer corresponding to the shape of this space, over which the ceramic insert 2 radially extends when the gripping element is loaded Supported on the metal sleeve 3.
  • the cam-shaped gripping element shown in FIG. 2 has a gripping element body 1 'which is made of the same plastic as the outsole 5 and is integral with it.
  • the ceramic insert 2 ' is largely cylindrical over its entire length and has three ring ribs 24' in its upper part, which form ring grooves 25 'between them.
  • the upper end face of the ceramic insert 2 ' is curved in the manner of a spherical cap (convex) and is overlapped at its edge by the correspondingly drawn-in part 34 of a metal sleeve 3' so that there is direct contact between the end face and the inside of the part 34.
  • the metal sleeve 3 ' has openings 32' and is designed in its part overlapping the ceramic insert 2 'and with respect to the openings 32' corresponding to the metal sleeve 32 according to FIG. 1. As there, there is an annular groove 25 'below the upper edge of the metal sleeve 3' in the ceramic insert 2 '.
  • both embodiments of the gripping element according to the invention can be produced in a single production process.
  • the ceramic inserts 2 or 2 'with metal sleeves 3 or 3' placed over them are placed in the casting mold and then cast with the plastic material of the gripping element body 1, which in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 also forms the sole 5.
  • the plastic material penetrates through the openings 32, 32 'and from below into the space inside the metal sleeve 3, 3' and, in the manner already described, produces the positive connection by which the ceramic insert 2, 2 'is held.
  • openings 32, 32 ' are not absolutely necessary, if by correspondingly larger dimensions or by the choice of a particularly flowable plastic material is taken care of so that plastic can penetrate from the lower end of the metal sleeve 3, 3 'in sufficient quantity between the metal sleeve and the ceramic insert.
  • openings 32, 32 ' shown, which both grip annular grooves lying between the ring ribs 24, 24', larger numbers of openings are also possible, each of which has a smaller area and is arranged one above the other in the axial direction of the metal sleeve, for example.
  • the openings can have any shape that differs from the circular shape described. However, it is expedient if the breakthroughs do not penetrate the lower edge of the sleeve because the supporting ability of the metal sleeve is impaired. If no openings are provided in the metal sleeve so that the plastic penetrates from the front end of the metal sleeve, it is expedient to provide ribs and grooves running in the longitudinal direction of the ceramic insert or to interrupt the existing ring ribs at various points on their circumference in order to prevent the inflow of the Lighten plastic.

Landscapes

  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

A gripping element for a sports shoe comprises a body portion of plastic material and a ceramic insert which is embedded into the body portion and which provides the ground-engaging surface of the element. The ceramic insert is surrounded over a part of its length by a metal sleeve which is also embedded into the body portion of the element. At least on its outside peripheral surface around which the metal sleeve extends, the ceramic insert has surface configurations such as annular ribs and/or grooves to provide a positive connection to the plastic material therearound, with a layer of plastic material between the ceramic insert and the metal sleeve.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Greifelement für Sportschuhe, mit einem Greifelementkörper aus Kunststoff und mit einem die Auftrittsfläche des Greifelements bildenden, in den Greifelementkörper eingebetteten Keramikeinsatz.The invention relates to a gripping element for sports shoes, with a gripping element body made of plastic and with a ceramic insert forming the tread surface of the gripping element and embedded in the gripping element body.

Es gibt bereits zahlreiche Vorschläge, an Greifelementen von Sportschuhen Keramikeinsätze, z.B. aus Aluminiumoxyd, Siliziumkarbid, Wolframkarbid usw., zu verwenden, um durch Ausnutzung der sehr hohen Verschleißfestigkeit der Keramik die Lebensdauer der Greifelemente wesentlich zu verlängern und das Auftreten von verschleißbedingten scharfen Kanten und Scharten an den Greifelementen, die eine Verletzungsgefahr hervorrufen, zu vermeiden. Bisher haben diese Vorschläge jedoch noch nicht zu einem praktischen Einsatz solcher Greifelemente geführt, weil es nicht gelungen ist, den Keramikeinsatz einerseits so fest mit dem Greifelementkörper zu verbinden, daß die Verbindung den bei der Benutzung des Sportschuhes darauf wirkenden Kräften sicher standhält, andererseits hierbei den Herstellungsaufwand so gering zu halten, daß sich ein Keramik-Greifelement im Vergleich zu den herkömmlich gestalteten Greifelementen tatsächlich lohnt. So ist es bei einem Greifelement der eingangs angegebenen Art (DE-OS 32 33 900) bereits bekannt, einen Oxydkeramikeinsatz unmittelbar in den aus Kunststoff bestehenden Greifelementkörper einzuspritzen oder in diesen einzukleben. Praktische Erfahrungen haben jedoch gezeigt, daß eine solche Verbindung des Keramikeinsatzes mit dem Greifelementkörper vor allem den senkrecht zur Greifelementlängsachse wirkenden Schubkräften auf Dauer nicht standhält, so daß die Keramikeinsätze sich lösen und verlorengehen. Andererseits ist ein nicht zur eingangs angegebenen Gattung zählendes Greifelement bekannt (DE-OS 32 33 900; Fig. 1 bis 3 und 6), das keinen Keramikeinsatz aufweist, sondern bei dem auch der Greifelementkörper aus Keramik besteht. Dieser weist an seinem oberen Ende eine flanschartige Verbreiterung und an der Verbreiterung durchgehende Ausnehmungen oder Aussparungen auf und ist in einen Unterbau aus glas- oder karbonfaserverstärktem Polyamid eingebettet. Das Kunststoffmaterial des Unterbaues soll dabei in die Ausnehmungen und Aussparungen eindringen oder diese durchdringen und auf diese Weise den Keramik-Greifelementkörper fixieren. Mit diesem Unterbau ist das Greifelement dann unmittelbar in einer Sohle durch Einbetten in dieselbe befestigt. Dieser Aufbau des bekannten Greifelements ist so aufwendig und daher teuer, daß er für ein Greifelement, das um Pfennigbeträge gehandelt werden sollte, nicht in Frage kommt.There are already numerous proposals for ceramic inserts on the gripping elements of sports shoes, e.g. made of aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide etc., in order to significantly extend the service life of the gripping elements by taking advantage of the very high wear resistance of the ceramic and to avoid the occurrence of wear-related sharp edges and nicks on the gripping elements, which create a risk of injury. So far, however, these proposals have not yet led to the practical use of such gripping elements because it has not been possible to connect the ceramic insert on the one hand so firmly to the gripping element body that the connection can withstand the forces acting on it when the sports shoe is used, and on the other hand the To keep manufacturing costs so low that a ceramic gripping element is actually worthwhile in comparison to the conventionally designed gripping elements. In a gripping element of the type specified at the outset (DE-OS 32 33 900) it is already known to inject an oxide ceramic insert directly into the gripping element body made of plastic or to glue it into the latter. Practical experience has shown, however, that such a connection of the ceramic insert to the gripping element body does not withstand the shear forces acting perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the gripping element in the long run, so that the ceramic inserts become detached and are lost. On the other hand, a gripping element that does not belong to the type specified at the outset is known (DE-OS 32 33 900; FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6), which does not have a ceramic insert, but in which the gripping element body also consists of ceramic. This has a flange-like widening at its upper end and continuous recesses or cutouts at the widening and is embedded in a substructure made of glass or carbon fiber reinforced polyamide. The plastic material of the substructure is intended to penetrate or penetrate the recesses and cutouts and in this way fix the ceramic gripping element body. With this substructure, the gripping element is then fastened directly in a sole by embedding it. This structure of the known gripping element is so complex and therefore expensive that it is out of the question for a gripping element that should be traded for pennies.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Greifelement der eingangs angegebenen Art zu schaffen, das trotz einfachem und daher billigem Aufbau den bei der Benutzung auftretenden Kräften über lange Zeit hinweg standhält.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a gripping element of the type specified at the outset which, despite its simple and therefore inexpensive construction, can withstand the forces occurring during use for a long time.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß der Keramikeinsatz innerhalb des Greifelementkörpers auf einem Teil seiner Länge von einer ebenfalls in den Greifelementkörper eingebetteten Metallhülse umgriffen ist und zumindest an seiner .von der Metallhülse umgriffenen Außenfläche Ausnehmungen und/oder Vorsprünge aufweist, die von dem Kunststoff des Greifelementkörpers ausgefüllt bzw. umhüllt sind.According to the invention this object is achieved in that the ceramic insert within the gripping element body is encompassed over part of its length by a metal sleeve likewise embedded in the gripping element body and at least on its outer surface encompassed by the metal sleeve has recesses and / or projections which are made of the plastic of the Gripping element body are filled or encased.

Die erfindungsgemässe Lösung sieht somit einen Verbundaufbau vor, bei dem der Kunststoff des Greifelementkörpers - der bei direkter Anformung der Greifelemente an einer Sohle (Nocken) zugleich auch der Sohlenwerkstoff ist - zur formschlüssigen Halterung des Keramikeinsatzes dient, indem er in dessen Ausnehmungen eindringt oder dessen Vorsprünge umhüllt, während die den Keramikeinsatz umgreifende Metallhülse die bei der Benutzung auftretenden Kräfte vergleichmässigt an den umgebenden Greifelementkörper weitergibt und daher die Lebensdauer der Halterungsstruktur, d.h. des Formschlusses zwischen Kunststoff und Keramikeinsatz, gegenüber den bekannten Lösungen beträchtlich verlängert. Um zu gewährleisten, daß der Kunststoff des Greifelementkörpers beim Herstellungsvorgang den mit Ausnehmungen und/oder Vorsprüngen versehenen Teil des Keramikeinsatzes einbetten kann, sind zwei unterschiedliche Ausbildungen der Metallhülse denkbar, die auch gemeinsam verwirklicht sein können: Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, daß die Metallhülse in ihrer Wandung auf dem Umfang verteilte Durchbrüche aufweist, durch die das beim Herstellungsvorgang noch fließfähige oder flüssige Kunststoffmaterial in den Hülseninnenraum, in welchem der Keramikeinsatz steckt, eindringen und die Ausnehmungen und Vorsprünge durch- bzw. umfließen kann. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung kann der Keramikeinsatz verhältnismässig eng in die Metallhülse eingepasst sein, weil der Kunststoff durch die Durchbrüche hindurch Zugang in den Hülseninnenraum findet. Hierbei erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, die Ausnehmungen und/oder Vorsprünge als in Umfangsrichtung umlaufende Rippen oder Rillen auszubilden, längs denen das Kunststoffmaterial auch in diejenigen Hülsenbereiche fließen kann, in denen Durchbrüche nicht vorgesehen sind. Gemäß der anderen Ausgestaltung ist der Keramikeinsatz mit ausreichendem Spiel von der Metallhülse umgriffen, so daß der Kunststoff beim Herstellungsvorgang von dem Ende oder den Enden der Metallhülse her in deren Inneres eindringen und den Keramikeinsatz umfließen kann. Dabei sollte das Spiel gerade ausreichend sein, um ein derartiges Ein- und Umfließen zu ermöglichen; die zwischen der Hülseninnenwand und der Außenseite des Keramikeinsatzes befindliche Kunststoffschicht sollte eine Dicke von nur wenigen Zehntel Millimeter, zweckmässigerweise nur 0,1 mm, aufweisen.The solution according to the invention thus provides a composite structure in which the plastic of the gripping element body - which is also the sole material when the gripping elements are directly molded onto a sole (cam) - is used for the form-fitting retention of the ceramic insert by penetrating into its recesses or its projections envelops, while the metal sleeve encompassing the ceramic insert evenly transmits the forces occurring during use to the surrounding body of the gripping element and therefore the service life of the mounting structure, ie the positive connection between plastic and ceramic insert, considerably extended compared to the known solutions. In order to ensure that the plastic of the gripping element body can embed the part of the ceramic insert provided with recesses and / or protrusions during the manufacturing process, two different designs of the metal sleeve are conceivable, which can also be realized together: One embodiment provides that the metal sleeve in its Wall has openings distributed around the circumference, through which the plastic material, which is still flowable or liquid during the production process, can penetrate into the interior of the sleeve in which the ceramic insert is inserted and through which the recesses and projections can flow or flow. In this embodiment, the ceramic insert can be fitted into the metal sleeve relatively closely because the plastic finds access to the interior of the sleeve through the openings. It proves to be advantageous here to design the recesses and / or projections as circumferential ribs or grooves, along which the plastic material can also flow into those sleeve regions in which openings are not provided. According to the other embodiment, the ceramic insert is surrounded by the metal sleeve with sufficient play, so that the plastic can penetrate into the interior of the metal sleeve from the end or the ends during the manufacturing process and flow around the ceramic insert. The game should be just sufficient to allow such an inflow and reflow; the plastic layer located between the inner wall of the sleeve and the outside of the ceramic insert should have a thickness of only a few tenths of a millimeter, expediently only 0.1 mm.

Da das Greifelement bei der Benutzung vor allem in vertikaler Richtung durch das Gewicht des Sportlers belastet ist, ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Metallhülse den Keramikeinsatz zumindest auf einem Teil seiner in den Greifelmentkörper eingebetteten Stirnfläche übergreift und direkt an der Stirnfläche anliegt. Bei einer lösbaren Ausführungsform des Greifelements, das zu diesem Zweck einen in den Greifelementkörper eingebetteten und aus dessen Oberseite herausragenden Metallschaft aufweist, ist vorteilhafterweise die Metallhülse einstückig mit diesem Metallschaft ausgebildet. Hier bildet die innenliegende Stirnfläche des Metallschaftes, die ggf. flanschartig auf die Querabmessung der Metallhülse verbreitert ist, den Boden der Metallhülse, an dem die Stirnfläche des Keramikeinsatzes direkt, d.h. ohne dazwischen befindlichem Kunststoff, anliegt.Since the gripping element is primarily loaded in the vertical direction by the weight of the athlete, it is advantageous if the metal sleeve engages over the ceramic insert at least on part of its end face embedded in the gripping element body and rests directly on the end face. In a detachable embodiment of the gripping element, which for this purpose is embedded in and out of the gripping element body Has protruding metal shaft top, the metal sleeve is advantageously formed in one piece with this metal shaft. Here, the inner end face of the metal shaft, which may be widened in a flange-like manner to the transverse dimension of the metal sleeve, forms the bottom of the metal sleeve, against which the end face of the ceramic insert rests directly, ie without any plastic in between.

Der Keramikeinsatz und insbesondere der von der Metallhülse umgriffene Teil davon ist normalerweise zylindrisch, insbesondere kreiszylindrisch, wobei die Metallhülse in ihrer Form entsprechend angepasst ist. Es ist jedoch auch eine von einer Zylinderform abweichende Gestaltung denkbar, z.B. ein rechteckiger oder polygonaler Querschnitt des Keramikeinsatzes. In diesem Fall muß die Metallhülse eine entsprechende Form aufweisen. Der Keramikeinsatz kann weiterhin über seinen Längsverlauf weitgehend gleichbleibende Querabmessungen aufweisen, z.B. als ein im wesentlichen zylindrischer Körper ausgebildet sein. Von Vorteil ist es jedoch aus Gründen der Gewichtseinsparung und der Verringerung der Außenabmessungen bei einem lösbaren Greifelement, wenn der in den Greifelementkörper eingebettete Teil, zumindest aber der von der Metallhülse umgriffene Teil des Keramikeinsatzes gegenüber dem Teil, der die Auftrittsfläche bildet, abgesetzt ist, d.h. geringere Querabmessungen aufweist. Auf diese Weise kann auch dem die Auftrittsfläche bildenden Teil, der die auftretenden Kräfte in der Hauptsache aufzunehmen hat, ausgeprägter die vorteilhafte Linsenform gegeben werden, die die maximale Festigkeit gegenüber den bei der Benutzung des Greifelements auftretenden kombinierten Belastungen ergibt (vgl. DE-GBM 85 21 733).The ceramic insert and in particular the part of which is encompassed by the metal sleeve is normally cylindrical, in particular circular-cylindrical, the shape of the metal sleeve being adapted accordingly. However, a design deviating from a cylindrical shape is also conceivable, e.g. a rectangular or polygonal cross section of the ceramic insert. In this case, the metal sleeve must have an appropriate shape. The ceramic insert can furthermore have largely constant transverse dimensions over its longitudinal course, e.g. be formed as a substantially cylindrical body. However, for reasons of saving weight and reducing the external dimensions in the case of a detachable gripping element, it is advantageous if the part embedded in the gripping element body, or at least the part of the ceramic insert encompassed by the metal sleeve, is offset from the part that forms the tread surface, i.e. has smaller transverse dimensions. In this way, the part forming the tread surface, which is mainly responsible for absorbing the occurring forces, can be given the advantageous lens shape, which gives the maximum strength against the combined loads occurring when the gripping element is used (cf. DE-GBM 85 21 733).

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung zweier bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnungen. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch ein stollenförmiges Greifelement, und
  • Fig. 2 einen analogen Längsschnitt durch ein unlösbar mit einer Sohle nach Art eines Nockens verbundenes Greifelement.
Further advantages and features of the present invention result from the following description of two preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show:
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a lug-shaped gripping element, and
  • Fig. 2 shows an analogous longitudinal section through a gripping element inseparably connected to a sole in the manner of a cam.

Die in den Fig. 1 und 2 in vergrössertem Maßstab dargestellten Greifelemente sind durchwegs in ihren wesentlichen Teilen und in ihrer Gestalt rotationssymmetrisch, so daß sich die Darstellung einer Stirnansicht erübrigt. Jedoch ist die rotationssymmetrische Form, wie eingangs bereits erläutert, nicht zwingend für die Erfindung, sondern kann zugunsten einer beispeilsweise ovalen Querschnittsform oder einer prismatischen Gestaltung mit vierkantigem oder polygonalem Querschnitt abgewandelt werden.The gripping elements shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 on an enlarged scale are consistently rotationally symmetrical in their essential parts and in their shape, so that the representation of an end view is unnecessary. However, as already explained at the beginning, the rotationally symmetrical shape is not essential for the invention, but can be modified in favor of an oval cross-sectional shape, for example, or a prismatic design with a square or polygonal cross-section.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Stollen besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Greifelementkörper 1, einem Keramikeinsatz 2 und einer Metallhülse 3, die sich an ihrer Oberseite in Gestalt eines mit einem Gewinde versehenen Metallschaftes 4 fortsetzt.The lug shown in Fig. 1 consists essentially of a gripping element body 1, a ceramic insert 2 and a metal sleeve 3, which continues on its top in the form of a threaded metal shaft 4.

Der Greifelementkörper 1 besteht aus einem Kunststoff, z.B. Polyamid oder Polyurethan, der beim Herstellungsvorgang fließfähig ist und beispielsweise im Spritzgießverfahren verarbeitet werden kann. Die Formgebung des Greifelementkörpers 1 ist von einer Art, wie sie von herkömmlichen Greifelementen, insbesondere Stollen, bekannt ist und bedarf daher hier keiner ins einzelne gehenden Erläuterung. Dies gilt insbesondere im Hinblick darauf, daß diese Formgebung an der Au- βenseite des Greifelementkörpers 1 auch nicht kritisch ist, sondern beliebig konisch oder zylindrisch sein kann. Darüber hinaus sind in bekannter Weise Angriffsflächen 11 für ein Drehwerkzeug vorgesehen und die an der Laufseite der (nicht gezeigten) Laufsohle zur Anlage kommende Stützfläche 12 kann eine Profilierung tragen, die ein unwillkürliches Verdrehen des Greifelements im an der Sohle befestigten Zustand erschwert oder verhindert.The gripping element body 1 consists of a plastic, e.g. Polyamide or polyurethane that is flowable during the manufacturing process and can be processed, for example, by injection molding. The shape of the gripping element body 1 is of a type known from conventional gripping elements, in particular studs, and therefore does not require any detailed explanation here. This applies in particular in view of the fact that this shape on the outside of the gripping element body 1 is also not critical, but can be any conical or cylindrical. In addition, in a known manner, engagement surfaces 11 are provided for a turning tool and the support surface 12 coming into contact with the running side of the outsole (not shown) can carry a profile that makes it difficult or impossible to involuntarily twist the gripping element in the state attached to the sole.

Der Keramikeinsatz 2 besteht beispielsweise aus Aluminiumoxyd (A1203), Siliziumkarbid (SiC) oder Steatit. Er weist einen die Auftrittsfläche 21 bildenden unteren linsenförmigen Teil 22 und einen dem Unterteil 22 gegenüber auf einen kleineren Durchmesser abgesetzten oberen Teil 23 auf, der im wesentlichen zylindrisch ist. Der linsenförmige Unterteil 22 weist ein Verhältnis seines Durchmessers zu seiner Dicke von etwa 2,5 : 1 auf. Der abgesetzte obere Teil 23 trägt drei zueinander parallel und in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Ringrippen 24, die zwischen sich entsprechend in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Ringrillen 25 bilden. Die Kanten der Ringrippen bzw. Ringrillen sind gerundet.The ceramic insert 2 consists, for example, of aluminum oxide (A1 2 0 3 ), silicon carbide (SiC) or steatite. It has a lower lenticular part 22 which forms the tread surface 21 and an upper part 23 which is substantially cylindrical and has a smaller diameter than the lower part 22. The lenticular lower part 22 has a ratio of its diameter to its thickness of approximately 2.5: 1. The stepped upper part 23 carries three mutually parallel and circumferential ring ribs 24, which form corresponding circumferential ring grooves 25 between them. The edges of the ring ribs or ring grooves are rounded.

Die Metallhülse 3 besteht aus Stahl und übergreift den Teil 23 des Keramikeinsatzes bis etwa zur untersten Ringrippe 24. Sie bildet einen ebenen Boden 31, an welchem sich die ebene Stirnfläche des Keramikeinsatzes 2 unmittelbar abstützt. Der Durchmesser der Metallhülse 3 ist so gewählt, daß zwischen den Kämmen der Ringrippen 25 und der Innenwand der Metallhülse 3 ein Spiel in der Grössenordnung von 0,05 bis 0,1 mm besteht. Außerdem weist die Metallhülse 3 vier auf ihrem Umfang gleichmässig verteilte kreisförmige Durchbrüche 32 auf, die so groß sind, daß sie den Zugang zu den zwei oberen Ringrillen 25 erlauben.The metal sleeve 3 is made of steel and overlaps the part 23 of the ceramic insert up to approximately the lowest ring rib 24. It forms a flat bottom 31, on which the flat end face of the ceramic insert 2 is supported directly. The diameter of the metal sleeve 3 is selected so that there is a play in the order of magnitude of 0.05 to 0.1 mm between the ridges of the ring ribs 25 and the inner wall of the metal sleeve 3. In addition, the metal sleeve 3 has four circular openings 32 distributed uniformly over its circumference, which are so large that they allow access to the two upper ring grooves 25.

Wie sich aus Fig. 1 ergibt, sind sowohl der Keramikeinsatz 2 mit seinem oberen Teil 23 als auch die Metallhülse 3 in den Kunststoff des Greifelementkörpers 1 eingebettet und durch diesen formschlüssig festgehalten. Dabei setzt sich der Kunststoff des Greifelementkörpers 1 in den zwischen der Innenwand der Metallhülse 3 und der Außenfläche des Keramikeinsatzes 2 bestehenden Raum hinein fort und bildet dort eine der Formgebung dieses Raumes entsprechende Kunststoffschicht, über die sich der Keramikeinsatz 2 bei der Belastung des Greifelements in radialer Richtung an der Metallhülse 3 abstützt. Infolge der unmittelbaren Anlage der oberen Stirnfläche des Keramikeinsatzes 2 an dem Boden 31 der Metallhülse 3 bildet sich dort beim Herstellungsvorgang des Greifelements keine Kunststoffschicht aus, so daß dort Keramik/Metall-Kontakt besteht und vertikale Belastungen folglich unmittelbar auf die Metallhülse 3 bzw. den Gewindeschaft 4 übertragen werden. Das Eintreten des beim Herstellungsvorgang fließfähigen Kunststoffmaterials des Greifelementkörpers 1 in den erwähnten Innenraum der Metallhülse 3 wird durch die Durchbrüche 32 und den aufgrund des Spiels bestehenden Ringspalt am unteren Ende der Metallhülse 3 sichergestellt. Durch den ununterbrochenen Verlauf der Ringrillen 25 in Umfangsrichtung kann dabei der Kunststoff auch diejenigen Bereiche des Innenraumes ausfüllen, die von den Durchbrüchen 32 nicht unmittelbar erfasst sind. Die Kanten der Durchbrüche 32 können (in nicht gezeigter Weise) gerundet sein, um auftretende Scherwirkungen auf die sich durch die Durchbrüche 32 hindurch erstreckenden "Kunststoffzapfen" auf ein Minimum zu verringern.As can be seen from FIG. 1, both the ceramic insert 2 with its upper part 23 and the metal sleeve 3 are embedded in the plastic of the gripping element body 1 and are positively held by the latter. The plastic of the gripping element body 1 continues into the space existing between the inner wall of the metal sleeve 3 and the outer surface of the ceramic insert 2, where it forms a plastic layer corresponding to the shape of this space, over which the ceramic insert 2 radially extends when the gripping element is loaded Supported on the metal sleeve 3. As a result of the direct abutment of the upper end face of the ceramic insert 2 on the bottom 31 of the metal sleeve 3, no plastic layer is formed there during the manufacturing process of the gripping element, so that there is ceramic / metal contact and vertical loads consequently directly on the metal sleeve 3 or the Threaded shaft 4 are transferred. The penetration of the plastic material of the gripping element body 1, which is flowable during the manufacturing process, into the aforementioned interior of the metal sleeve 3 is ensured by the openings 32 and the annular gap at the lower end of the metal sleeve 3 due to the play. Due to the uninterrupted course of the annular grooves 25 in the circumferential direction, the plastic can also fill those areas of the interior that are not directly covered by the openings 32. The edges of the openings 32 can be rounded (in a manner not shown) in order to minimize shear effects that occur on the “plastic pegs” extending through the openings 32.

Das in Fig. 2 gezeigte nockenförmige Greifelement weist einen Greifelementkörper 1' auf, der aus demselben Kunststoff wie die Laufsohle 5 besteht und mit dieser einstückig ist. Der Keramikeinsatz 2' ist über seine ganze Länge weitgehend zylindrisch und weist in seinem oberen Teil drei Ringrippen 24' auf, die zwischen sich Ringrillen 25' bilden. Die obere Stirnfläche des Keramikeinsatzes 2' ist nach Art einer Kugelkalotte (konvex) gewölbt und wird an ihrem Rand von dem entsprechend eingezogenen Teil 34 einer Metallhülse 3' so übergriffen, daß zwischen der Stirnfläche und der Innenseite des Teils 34 direkter Kontakt besteht. Die Metallhülse 3' weist in gleicher Weise, wie das in Zusammenhang mit Fig. 1 geschildert ist, Durchbrüche 32' auf und ist in ihrem den Keramikeinsatz 2' übergreifenden Teil sowie bezüglich der Durchbrüche 32' entsprechend der Metallhülse 32 nach Fig. 1 ausgebildet. Wie dort, ist auch hier unterhalb des oberen Randes der Metallhülse 3' in dem Keramikeinsatz 2' eine Ringrille 25' vorhanden.The cam-shaped gripping element shown in FIG. 2 has a gripping element body 1 'which is made of the same plastic as the outsole 5 and is integral with it. The ceramic insert 2 'is largely cylindrical over its entire length and has three ring ribs 24' in its upper part, which form ring grooves 25 'between them. The upper end face of the ceramic insert 2 'is curved in the manner of a spherical cap (convex) and is overlapped at its edge by the correspondingly drawn-in part 34 of a metal sleeve 3' so that there is direct contact between the end face and the inside of the part 34. In the same way as described in connection with FIG. 1, the metal sleeve 3 'has openings 32' and is designed in its part overlapping the ceramic insert 2 'and with respect to the openings 32' corresponding to the metal sleeve 32 according to FIG. 1. As there, there is an annular groove 25 'below the upper edge of the metal sleeve 3' in the ceramic insert 2 '.

Trotz der geschilderten Verbundbauweise können beide Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemässen Greifelements in einem einzigen Herstellungsvorgang erzeugt werden. Hierzu werden die Keramikeinsätze 2 bzw. 2' mit darübergestülpten Metallhülsen 3 bzw. 3' in die Gießform eingelegt und dann mit dem Kunststoffmaterial des Greifelementkörpers 1, das bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 zugleich die Sohle 5 bildet, umgossen. Dabei dringt das Kunststoffmaterial durch die Durchbrüche 32, 32' und von unten her in den Raum innerhalb der Metallhülse 3, 3' ein und erzeugt in der bereits geschilderten Weise den Formschluß, durch den der Keramikeinsatz 2, 2' festgehalten wird.Despite the composite construction described, both embodiments of the gripping element according to the invention can be produced in a single production process. For this purpose, the ceramic inserts 2 or 2 'with metal sleeves 3 or 3' placed over them are placed in the casting mold and then cast with the plastic material of the gripping element body 1, which in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 also forms the sole 5. The plastic material penetrates through the openings 32, 32 'and from below into the space inside the metal sleeve 3, 3' and, in the manner already described, produces the positive connection by which the ceramic insert 2, 2 'is held.

Von den vorstehend besprochenen Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Fig. 1 und 2 kann, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen, in verschiedener Hinsicht abgewichen werden: Wie eingangs schon erwähnt, sind Durchbrüche 32, 32' nicht unbedingt erforderlich, wenn durch entsprechend grössere Bemessung oder durch die Wahl eines besonders fließfähigen Kunststoffmaterials da-' für gesorgt wird, daß vom unteren Stirnende der Metallhülse 3, 3' Kunststoff in ausreichender Menge zwischen die Metallhülse und den Keramikeinsatz eindringen kann. Weiterhin sind anstelle der gezeigten Durchbrüche 32, 32',die beide zwischen den Ringrippen 24, 24' liegenden Ringrillen erfassen, auch in grösserer Anzahl vorgesehene Durchbrüche möglich, die für sich jeweils eine geringere Fläche aufweisen und beispielsweise in Achsrichtung der Metallhülse übereinander angeordnet sind. Schließlich können die Durchbrüche auch beliebige Gestalt haben, die von der geschilderten Kreisform abweicht. Zweckmässig ist es jedoch, wenn die Durchbrüche den unteren Hülsenrand nicht durchsetzen, weil hierdurch die Stützfähigkeit der Metallhülse beeinträchtigt ist. Wenn keine Durchbrüche in der Metallhülse vorgesehen sind, so daß der Kunststoff von dem Stirnende der Metallhülse her eindringt, ist es zweckmässig, in Längsrichtung des Keramikeinsatzes verlaufende Rippen und Rillen vorzusehen oder die vorhandenen Ringrippen an verschiedenen Stellen ihres Umfanges zu unterbrechen, um das Einströmen des Kunststoffes zu erleichtern. In dem Fall, daß die Metallhülse den Keramikeinsaz mit Spiel umgreift, können Maßnahmen zur Zentrierung der Metallhülse auf dem Keramikeinsatz beim Herstellungvorgang ergriffen werden, ähnlich der konvex gewölbten Ausbildung der Stirnfläche des Keramikeinsatzes und des dazu komplementär geformten Bodens der Metallhülse (siehe Fig. 2).1 and 2 can be deviated from in various respects without departing from the scope of the invention: As already mentioned at the beginning, openings 32, 32 'are not absolutely necessary, if by correspondingly larger dimensions or by the choice of a particularly flowable plastic material is taken care of so that plastic can penetrate from the lower end of the metal sleeve 3, 3 'in sufficient quantity between the metal sleeve and the ceramic insert. Furthermore, instead of the openings 32, 32 'shown, which both grip annular grooves lying between the ring ribs 24, 24', larger numbers of openings are also possible, each of which has a smaller area and is arranged one above the other in the axial direction of the metal sleeve, for example. Finally, the openings can have any shape that differs from the circular shape described. However, it is expedient if the breakthroughs do not penetrate the lower edge of the sleeve because the supporting ability of the metal sleeve is impaired. If no openings are provided in the metal sleeve so that the plastic penetrates from the front end of the metal sleeve, it is expedient to provide ribs and grooves running in the longitudinal direction of the ceramic insert or to interrupt the existing ring ribs at various points on their circumference in order to prevent the inflow of the Lighten plastic. In the event that the metal sleeve surrounds the ceramic insert with play, measures can be taken to center the metal sleeve on the ceramic insert during the manufacturing process, similar to the convexly curved design of the end face of the ceramic insert and the complementarily shaped bottom of the metal sleeve (see FIG. 2). .

Claims (8)

1. A gripping element for sport shoes comprising a gripping element body (1, 1') of plastics material, and a ceramic insert (2, 2') which is embedded into the gripping element body (1,1') and which forms the ground-engaging surface (21) of the gripping element, characterised in that the ceramic insert (2, 2') is embraced within the gripping element body (1, 1') over a part of its length by a metal sleeve (3, 3') which is also embedded into the gripping element body (1, 1') and at least at its outside surface which is embraced by the metal sleeve (3, 3') has recesses (25, 25') and/or projections (24, 24') which are filled with or enclosed by the plastics material of the gripping element body (1,1').
2. A gripping element according to claim 1 characterised in that the metal sleeve (3, 3') has through openings (32, 32') in its wall.
3. A gripping element according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the metal sleeve (3, 3') embraces the ceramic insert (2, 2') with clearance between its inside surface and the outside surface of the ceramic insert.
4. A gripping element according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the part (23) of the ceramic insert which is embraced by the metal sleeve (3, 3') is substantially cylindrical and in particular circular-cylindrical and has annular grooves (25, 25') or annular ribs (24, 24') at its outside surface.
5. A gripping element according to one or more of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the metal sleeve (3, 3') engages over the ceramic insert (2, 2') on at least a part of its end surface and bears directly against the end surface.
6. A gripping element according to one or more of claims 1 to 4 comprising a metal shank (4) which is embedded into the gripping element body (1) and which projects out of the top side thereof, for releasably securing the gripping element to a sole, characterised in that the metal sleeve (3) is formed integrally with the metal shank (4).
7. A gripping element according to claim 6 characterised in that the end portion (31) of the metal sleeve (3), which is formed by the metal shank (4), bears directly against the end surface of the ceramic insert (2).
8. A gripping element according to one or more of claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the portion (22) of the ceramic insert (2) which forms the ground-engaging surface (21) is lens-shaped and the portion (23) of the ceramic insert (2) which is embraced by the metal sleeve (3) is reduced in relation to the lens-shaped portion (22).
EP87100576A 1986-02-01 1987-01-17 Ceramic stud for a sports shoe Expired - Lifetime EP0231797B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87100576T ATE52898T1 (en) 1986-02-01 1987-01-17 CERAMIC GRIPPER FOR SPORTS SHOES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3603127A DE3603127C1 (en) 1986-02-01 1986-02-01 Ceramic gripping element for sports shoes
DE3603127 1986-02-01

Publications (3)

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EP0231797A2 EP0231797A2 (en) 1987-08-12
EP0231797A3 EP0231797A3 (en) 1988-02-10
EP0231797B1 true EP0231797B1 (en) 1990-05-23

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EP87100576A Expired - Lifetime EP0231797B1 (en) 1986-02-01 1987-01-17 Ceramic stud for a sports shoe

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US (1) US4712318A (en)
EP (1) EP0231797B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS62204701A (en)
AT (1) ATE52898T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3603127C1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0481446B2 (en) 1992-12-24
ATE52898T1 (en) 1990-06-15
EP0231797A3 (en) 1988-02-10
DE3762794D1 (en) 1990-06-28
US4712318A (en) 1987-12-15
DE3603127C1 (en) 1987-06-25
EP0231797A2 (en) 1987-08-12
JPS62204701A (en) 1987-09-09

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