EP0231396A1 - System for controlling profiling operation in arbitrary direction - Google Patents
System for controlling profiling operation in arbitrary direction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0231396A1 EP0231396A1 EP86904922A EP86904922A EP0231396A1 EP 0231396 A1 EP0231396 A1 EP 0231396A1 EP 86904922 A EP86904922 A EP 86904922A EP 86904922 A EP86904922 A EP 86904922A EP 0231396 A1 EP0231396 A1 EP 0231396A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tracing
- model
- tracer
- tracer head
- reference point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q35/00—Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually
- B23Q35/48—Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually using a feeler or the like travelling to-and-fro between opposite parts of the outline of the pattern, model or drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q35/00—Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually
- B23Q35/04—Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually using a feeler or the like travelling along the outline of the pattern, model or drawing; Feelers, patterns, or models therefor
- B23Q35/08—Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work
- B23Q35/12—Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work involving electrical means
- B23Q35/121—Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work involving electrical means using mechanical sensing
- B23Q35/123—Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work involving electrical means using mechanical sensing the feeler varying the impedance in a circuit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q33/00—Methods for copying
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Numerical Control (AREA)
- Machine Tool Copy Controls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to improvement in or relating to an arbitrary-direction tracer control system which permits free setting of the direction in which a tracer head and a model are fed relative to each other, and more particularly to an arbitrary-direction tracer control system which enables highly accurate tracing of a model with a curved surface.
- Heretofore there has been proposed an arbitrary-direction tracer control system which makes it possible to feed a tracer head and a model relative to each other at an arbitrary angle to the X- or Y-axis (Pat. Appln. No. 14098/79). By such setting of the direction of feed at an arbitrary angle to the X- or Y-axis, even four corners of a square model could be traced with high accuracy.
- Even with the arbitray-direction tracer control system, however, there are cases where models cannot be traced with high accuracy according to their configurations. For example, assuming that a model M, whose cross-sectional and top plan views are shown in Figs. 8(A) and (B), is traced along a path depicted in Fig. 8(C), portions (a) to (d) of the model M where the angle between its curved surfaces and the path is small cannot be traced with high accuracy because the tracer head yields small displacement signals in these portions.
- The present invention offers a solution to the above- noted problem and has for its object to permit highly accurate tracing of a model with curved surfaces.
- To solve the above-mentioned problem, the arbitrary-direction tracer control system of the present invention, which moves the model and the tracer head relative to each other at an arbitrary angle to the X-axis, comprises:
- input means for inputting the coordinate value of a reference point;
- setting means for setting first and second tracing stroke limits where the tracing stroke is returned; and
- control means for controlling the relative movement of the model and the tracer head;
- wherein the control means has an arrangement whereby the tracer head is moved from the first tracing stroke limit to the second one along a first path which passes through the reference point and has a first angle to the X-axis; when the tracer head reaches the second tracing stroke limit, a predetermined amount of pick feed is carried out; upon completion of the pick feed, the tracer head is moved to the first tracing stroke limit along a second path joining the current position of the tracer head and the reference point; and when the tracer head reaches the first tracing stroke limit; it is moved along a third path which passes through the reference point and has a predetermined angle to the second path.
- In the case of tracing a model with a curved surface, for instance, a hemispherical model, the coordinate value of the center of the model is input as the coordinate value of the reference point through the input means, the first tracing stroke limit is set as the reference point by the setting means, and the second tracing stroke limit is set to be a curve parallel to the perimeter of the model. This ensures that tracing feed is always performed at right angles to the curved surface of the model, enabling the curved surface to be traced with a high degree of accuracy.
- Fig. 1 is a bolck diagram of a tracer controller embodying the present invention; Figs. 2, 4, 6 and 7 are plan views showing tracing paths in different embodiments of the present invention; Figs. 3 and 5 are flowcharts showing the contents of processing by a
microprocessor 15; and Fig. 8 is a diagram explanatory of a prior art example. - Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the arrangement of a tracer controller embodying the system of the present invention.
Reference numeral 1 indicates a tracer head, 2 a stylus, 3 a composite displacement signal generator, 4 an adder, 5 and 6 velocity signal generator for generating normal-direction and tangential-direction velocity signals VN and VT, 7 a distribution circuit, 8 and 12 coordinate transformers, 9X to 9Z X- to Z-axis servo drive circuits, lOX to 10Z X- to Z-axis motors, 11X to 11Z X- to Z-axis position sensors, 13 an indexing circuit, 14X to 14Z counters, 15 a microprocessor, 16 a memory, 17 a keyboard, 18 an output port, and 19 to 21 DA converters. Thevelocity signal generator 6 yields the tangential-direction velocity signal VT with a sign + or - depending upon whether a signal a which is applied thereto via theoutput port 18 is "high" or "low". That is, the tracer feed direction can be changed 180 degrees depending upon whether the signal a is made "high" or "low". - Displacement signals εx, εy and εz from the
tracer head 1 are provided to the compositedisplacement signal generator 3, from which the displacement signals εx and εy are applied to thecoordinate transformer 12 and the displacement signal εz is applied to theindexing circuit 13. The compositedisplacement signal generator 3 produces a composite displacement signal, ε = √ε x2 + εy 2 +ε z2, which is provided to theadder 4. Theadder 4 obtains the difference, Δε = ε - ε0, between the composite displacement signal e and a reference displacement signal ε0 which is applied thereto via theDA converter 21 from themicroprocessor 15, the difference thus obtained being provided to thevelocity signal generators velocity signal generator 5 produces the normal-direction velocity signal VN on the basis of the difference Δε, and thevelocity signal generator 6 produces the tangential-direction velocity signal VT on the bases of the difference Δε and the signal a. Thecoordinate transformer 12 creates signals εα and εα+90° given by the following expressions (1) and (2), on the bases of the displacement signals εx and εy from thetracer head 1 and signals cosa and sina which are applied from themicroprocessor 15 via theDA converters 19 and 20, respectively.coordinate transformer 22 set forth in Pat. Appln. No. 14098/79 can be employed as thecoordinate transformer 22. - When a signal b which is applied thereto via the
output port 18 from themicroprocessor 15 is "high", theindexing circuit 13 indexed an angle of displacement β in a plane containing an axis which forms an angle a with the X-axis and the Z-axis, on the bases of the displacement signal εz from thetracer head 1 and the signal εα from thecoordiante transformer 12, and yields a cosine signal cosβ and a sine signal sinβ in the direction of displacement which are given by the following expressions (3) and (4). When the signal b is "low", theindexing circuit 13 indexes the angle of displacement β in a plane containing an axis which forms an angle (a + 90°) with the X-axis and the Z-axis, on the bases of the displacement signal εz and the signal εα+90° from thecoordinate transformer 12, and yields a cosine signal cosβ and a sine signal sinβ which are given by the following expressions (5) and (6). - The
distribution circuit 7 creates a velocity signal Vα in the tracer feed direction and a velocity signal Vz in the Z-axis direction on the bases of the velocity signals VN and VT from thevelocity signal generators indexing circuit 13. The velocity signal Vz in the Z-axis direction is applied to the servo drive circuit 9Z, by the output of which themotor 10Z is driven. The velocity signal Vα in the tracer feed direction is applied to thecoordinate transformer 8, which in turn produces velocity signals Vx = V . cosa and V = Vα sina in the X- and Y-axis directions. The velocity signals Vx and Vy in the X- and Y-axis directions are provided to theservo drive circuits coordinate transformer 8. - The
position sensors 11X to 11Z yield a - pulse each time themotors 10X to 10Z rotate through a predetermined angle in the forward direction, and yield a - pulse each time themotors 10X to 10Z rotate through a predetermined angle in the backward direction. Thecounters 14X to 14Z are each incremented by one upon each applicaiton of the + pluse and decremented by one upon each application of the - pulse. In short, the count values of thecounters 14X to 14Z indicate the X-, Y- and Z-coordinates of the current position of thetracer head 1, respectively. - Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the tracing path along which was traced the model M of the same configuration as the model M depicted in Figs. 8(A) and (B). In Fig. 2, reference character L indicates a tracing stroke limit where the tracing stroke is returned, and K a reference point (which is the center of curvature of the model M, in this case, and the coordinate value of which is input from the
keyboard 17 in advance). The tracing stroke limit L is set by, for instance, attaching a potential wire on the model surface, or inputting from thekeyboard 17 an equation corresponding to the tracing stroke limit L. Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the contents of processing by themicroprocessor 15 in the case of employing the cutting path depicted in Fig. 2. The tracing operation will hereinbelow be described with reference to Fig.3. - When directed to start its processing, the
microprocessor 15 first applies the signals cosaO and sinα0 to thecoordinate transformers DA converters 19 and 20 (steps Sl and S2). Here, a0 is the angle between the tracer feed direction and the X-axis, which angle is calculated from the coordinate values of the current position of thetracer head 1 and the reference point K and is prestored in thememory 16. Next, themicroprocessor 15 provides a control signal to theoutput port 18 to make its output signals a and b "high" (steps S3 and S4) and then starts tracing (step S5). In this way, tracing along a path K - a is initiated. - When it is detected from the count values of the
counters 14X and 14Y that thetracer head 1 has reached the tracing stroke limit L (step S6), themicroprocessor 15 applied a control signal to theoutput port 18 to make its output signal b "low" (step S7). By this, the tracer feed direction is changed 90 degrees, and then a pick feed is carried out along a path a - b. When it is detected from the count values of thecounters 14X and 14Y that the pick feed has been effected by a predetermined amount (a predetermined angle al, for instance) (step S8), themicroprocessor 15 outputs signals cos(a0 + al) and sin(a0 + al) (step S10) and then provides a control signal to theoutput port 18 to make its output signals a and b "low" and "high", respectively (steps Sll and S12). By this, tracing along a path b - K is performed. - Then, when it is detected from the count values of the
counters 14X and 14Y that thetracer head 1 has reached the reference point K (the center of curvature of the model M, in this instance), the microprocessor decides whether the tracing has ended or not (step S14). In this case, since the result of decision in step S14 is "NO", themicroprocessor 15 outputs signals cosα0 + 2a1) and sin(α0 + 2a1) (steps S15 and S16) and then applies a control signal to theoutput port 18, making its output signal a "high". As a result of this, tracing is carried out along a path K - c. Thereafter, themicroprocessor 15 repeats the processing of each of steps S6 to S17 until the tracing has been completed. - As described above, this embodiment ensures tracing in the direction perpendicular to the curved surface of the model M at all times, and hence permits highly accurate tracing of the model M.
- Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the path for tracing a doughnutshaped model M according to the system of the present invention. In Fig. 4, reference characters L1 and L2 indicate tracing stroke limits where the tracing stroke is returned, and K a reference point (the center ot curvature of the model M, in this case). Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the contents of processing by the
microprocessor 15 in this instance. The tracing operation will hereinbelow be described in respect of Fig. 5. - When directed to start its processing, the microproc- essor 15 applies the signal cosao and sinα0 to the coordinate
transformers DA converters 19 and 20 (steps S51 and S52) and provides a control signal to theoutpout port 18 to make its output signals a and b "high" (steps S53 and S54), thereafter initiating the tracing (step S55). By this, the tracing is performed along a path a - b. - When it is detected from the count values of the
counters 14X and 14Y that thetracer head 1 has reached the tracing stroke limit Ll (step S56), themicroprocessor 15 provides a control signal to theoutput port 18 to make its output signal b "low" (step S57). By this, a pick feed is carried out along a path b - c. - When it is detected from the count values of the
counters 14X and 14Y that the pick feed has been effected by a predetermined amount (a predetermined angle α1 in this case) (step S58), themicroprocessor 15 yields the signals cos(aO + a1) and sin(a0 + a l) (steps S59 and S60) and applied a control signal to theoutput port 18, making its output signals a and b "low" and "high", respectively (steps S61 and S62). By this, the tracing is performed along a path c - d. - When it is detected from the count values of the
counters 14X and 14Y that thetracer head 1 has reached the tracing stroke limit L2 (step S63), themicroprocessor 15 decides whether the tracing has been completed or not (step S64). In this instance, since the result of decision in step S64 is "NO", themicroprocessor 15 provides a control signal to theoutput port 18 to make its output signal b "low". As a result of this, a pick feed takes place along a path d - d. When it is detected from the count values of thecounters 14X and 14Y that the pick feed has been carried out by a predetermined amount (the predetermined angle α1 in this case) (step S66), themicroprocessor 15 yields the signals cos(α0 + 2a1) and sin(ao + 2al) (steps S67 and S68) and applied a control signal to theoutput port 18 to make its output signals a and b "high" (steps S69 and S70). In consequence, the tracing is performed along a path e - f. Following this, themicroprocessor 15 repeats the processing of each of steps S56 to S70 until the tracing has been completed. - As described above, according to this embodiment, the tracing of the model M always takes place in the direction perpendicular to its curved surface, and hence is highly accurate.
- Also in the case of tracing a model M of such a configuration as shown in Fig. 6, the tracing feed can always be held perpendicular to the curved surface of the model M, by setting the tracing stroke limits Ll and L2 and the reference point K and executing the processes shown in the flowchart of Fig. 5.
- Furthermore, a model M whose curved surface meanders in the X-Y plane as shown in Fig. 7 can also be traced continuously and accurately, by prestoring first and second reference points Kl and K2 and first and second incremental angles al and a2 in the
memory 16 and switching between the reference points and between the incremental angles at the bending point A. - While in the above-described embodiments the pick feed is performed in terms of a predetermined angle, but it may also be effected in terms of distance, of course.
- As described above, according to the present invention, the tracing feed direction can always be held perpendicular to the curved surface of a model simply by setting a refernce point (the center of curvature in the embodiments) and a tracing stroke limit, and accordingly, the model with the curved surface can be traced with a high degree of accuracy.
Claims (2)
- An arbitrary-direction tracer control system which moves a model and a tracer head relative to each other at an arbitrary angle to the X-axis, comprising:input means for inputting the coordinate value of a reference point;setting means for setting first and second tracing stroke limits where tracing feed is returned; andcontrol means for controlling the relative movement of the model and the tracer head;
- Wherein the control means has an arrangement whereby the tracer head is moved from the first tracing stroke limit to the second one along a first path which passes through the reference point and has a first angle to the X-axis; when the tracer head reaches the second tracing stroke limit, a predetermined amount of pick feed is carried out; upon completion of the pick feed, the tracer head is moved to the first tracing stroke limit along a second path joining the current position of the tracer head and the reference point; and when the tracer head reaches the first tracing stroke limit, it is moved along a third path which passes through the reference point and has a predetermined angle to the second path.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP173889/85 | 1985-08-07 | ||
JP60173889A JPS6234756A (en) | 1985-08-07 | 1985-08-07 | Random direction copying control system |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0231396A1 true EP0231396A1 (en) | 1987-08-12 |
EP0231396A4 EP0231396A4 (en) | 1990-01-26 |
EP0231396B1 EP0231396B1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
Family
ID=15968984
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86904922A Expired - Lifetime EP0231396B1 (en) | 1985-08-07 | 1986-08-06 | System for controlling profiling operation in arbitrary direction |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4967364A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0231396B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6234756A (en) |
KR (1) | KR920007648B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3685430D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1987000784A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0386447A (en) * | 1989-08-25 | 1991-04-11 | Fanuc Ltd | Copying control device |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3983374A (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1976-09-28 | Uresco, Inc. | Digital system for slope and curvature control |
JPS6023938B2 (en) * | 1979-02-09 | 1985-06-10 | ファナック株式会社 | Any direction copying method |
JPS56102453A (en) * | 1980-01-17 | 1981-08-15 | Fanuc Ltd | Copying control system |
JPS575109A (en) * | 1980-06-10 | 1982-01-11 | Fanuc Ltd | Curved surface forming method |
JPS57168846A (en) * | 1981-04-10 | 1982-10-18 | Fanuc Ltd | Copying control method |
JPS59107845A (en) * | 1982-12-07 | 1984-06-22 | Fanuc Ltd | Control of profiling |
JPS6133845A (en) * | 1984-07-27 | 1986-02-17 | Fanuc Ltd | Arbitrary direction profile controller |
JPS61197148A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1986-09-01 | Fanuc Ltd | Arbitrary direction copying control device |
JPS624552A (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1987-01-10 | Okuma Mach Works Ltd | Copying control method |
JP3033365B2 (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 2000-04-17 | 富士電機株式会社 | Spiral wire type product rack of vending machine |
-
1985
- 1985-08-07 JP JP60173889A patent/JPS6234756A/en active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-08-06 KR KR1019870700302A patent/KR920007648B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1986-08-06 DE DE8686904922T patent/DE3685430D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-08-06 WO PCT/JP1986/000403 patent/WO1987000784A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1986-08-06 EP EP86904922A patent/EP0231396B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-12-21 US US07/453,260 patent/US4967364A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
NO RELEVENT DOCUMENTS HAVE BEEN DISCLOSED * |
See also references of WO8700784A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1987000784A1 (en) | 1987-02-12 |
JPS6234756A (en) | 1987-02-14 |
EP0231396A4 (en) | 1990-01-26 |
DE3685430D1 (en) | 1992-06-25 |
JPH032625B2 (en) | 1991-01-16 |
KR870700453A (en) | 1987-12-29 |
EP0231396B1 (en) | 1992-05-20 |
US4967364A (en) | 1990-10-30 |
KR920007648B1 (en) | 1992-09-14 |
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