EP0227218A1 - Method for improving the fuel economy of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Method for improving the fuel economy of an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0227218A1 EP0227218A1 EP86307364A EP86307364A EP0227218A1 EP 0227218 A1 EP0227218 A1 EP 0227218A1 EP 86307364 A EP86307364 A EP 86307364A EP 86307364 A EP86307364 A EP 86307364A EP 0227218 A1 EP0227218 A1 EP 0227218A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- ester
- additive
- carbon atoms
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
- C10L1/191—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polyhydroxyalcohols
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of an internal combustion engine.
- Patent 4,304,678 the esters of dimer acids and monohydric alcohol disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,167,486, the esters of glycerol and monocarboxylic fatty acids as disclosed in U.K. 2,038,355 and 2,038,356 and esters of monocarboxylic fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,933,659.
- molybdenum containing compounds including insoluble molybdenum sulfides, organo molybdenum complexes, e.g., molybdenum amine complexes disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,164,473, molybdenum thio-bis phenol complexes disclosed in U.S. Patents 4,192,753, 4,201,683 and 4,248,720, molybdenum oxazoline complexes disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,176,074 and molydenum lactone oxazoline complexes disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,176,073.
- a petroleum hydrocarbon fuel which contains a major amount of gasoline, preferably unleaded gasoline, and an effective amount of a selected additive which is an ester of a monocarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol, said ester additive having at least one free hydroxyl group.
- this invention relates to a method of reducing the fuel consumption of an automotive internal combustion engine which comprises operating said engine on a hydrocarbon fuel containing a major amount of a liquid hydrocarbon of the gasoline boiling range and from about 0.001 to about 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the fuel, of an additive which is an ester of a monocarboxylic acid and a glycol or trihydric alcohol, said acid having about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms, said glycol being an alkane diol or oxa-alkane diol wherein said alkane is a straight chain hydrocarbon of about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms and said trihydric alcohol has a straight chain hydrocarbon structure of about 3 to about 6 carbon atoms, said ester additive having at least one free hydroxyl group, whereby said fuel including the ester additive effectively reaches the upper cylinder of said engine and thereby reduces the fuel consumed in the operation thereof.
- an additive which is an ester of a monocarboxylic acid and a glyco
- the present invention involves a method to improve the fuel economy of motor vehicles using an internal combustion engine wherein said engine is operated with a petroleum fuel containing a selected hydroxyl containing carboxylic acid ester additive.
- the ester additive used in the method of this invention is generally derived from the esterification of a monocarboxylic acid and glycol or trihydric alcohol, said ester having at least one free hydroxyl group. More particularly, the ester additive used in this invention is a hydroxyl containing ester of a monocarboxylic acid and a glycol or trihydric alcohol, said acid having about 12 to 30 carbon atoms, said glycol being an alkane diol or oxa-alkane diol wherein said alkane is a straight chain hydrocarbon of about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms and said trihydric alcohol has a straight chain hydrocarbon structure of about 3 to about 6 carbon atoms.
- the acid used in preparing the ester is an aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated, straight chained or branched monocarboxylic acid having about 12 to about 30, preferably about 14 to about 28, and more preferably about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms.
- the alcohol used in preparing the ester additive of this invention is generally a saturated, straight chain, aliphatic, dihydric or trihydric alcohol. More particularly, the alcohol will be a glycol or diol, or a trihydric alcohol with said glycol being an alkane diol, i.e., alkylene glycol or oxa-alkane diol, i.e., polyalkylene glycol wherein said alkane is a straight chain hydrocarbon of about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms and said trihydric alcohol has a linear or straight chain hydrocarbon structure of about 3 to about 6 carbon atoms.
- alkane diol i.e., alkylene glycol or oxa-alkane diol
- said alkane is a straight chain hydrocarbon of about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms
- said trihydric alcohol has a linear or straight chain hydrocarbon structure of about 3 to about 6 carbon atoms.
- the oxa-alkane diol (polyalkylene glycol) will contain periodically repeating groups of the formula: where R is the alkane derivative defined above, i.e., a straight chain hydrocarbon of about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms with x being 2 to 100, more preferably 2 to 25.
- R is the alkane derivative defined above, i.e., a straight chain hydrocarbon of about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms with x being 2 to 100, more preferably 2 to 25.
- the alkane in said alkane diol or oxa-alkane diol will have about 2 to about 3 carbon atoms with ethylene glycol being the preferred alkane diol or alkylene glycol and diethylene glycol being the preferred oxa-alkane diol or polyalkylene glycol.
- the trihydric alcohol will contain about 3 to about 4 carbon atoms with glycerol being the preferred compound.
- Other compounds of this type which may be used in this invention are 1, 2, 6 trihydroxyhexane and 2, 2 ⁇ , 2 ⁇ nitrilotriethanol.
- the hydroxy-substituted ester additives used in this invention can be prepared by a variety of methods well known in the art. Such esters may be prepared from any of the acids and alcohols, as described above, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the esters will be prepared from acids having about 14 to about 28 carbon atoms and trihydric alcohols. More preferably, the esters will be prepared from acids having about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms and glycerol. When using trihydric alcohols and particularly glycerol, some mono- and some diesters may be found in the ester mixture. Small minor amounts of triester may be present in the ester component, particularly in commercially available products, however, the ester additive will substantially comprise compounds having at least one free hydroxyl group.
- the ester additive used in this invention must be suitably soluble and compatible with the system, not provide any corrosion problems and, most important, must effectively reach remote areas of the automotive engine including the upper cylinder area to provide fuel economy benefits.
- the fuel composition used in the method of this invention is generally a petroleum hydrocarbon fuel useful as a fuel or gasoline for internal combustion engines.
- Such fuels typically comprise mixtures of hydrocarbons of various types, including straight and branched chain paraffins, olefins, aromatics and naphthenic hydrocarbons.
- These compositions are provided in a number of grades, such as leaded and unleaded gasoline, and are typically derived from petroleum crude oil by conventional refining and blending processes such as straight run distillation, thermal cracking, hydrocracking, catalytic cracking and various reforming processes.
- Gasoline is defined as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon-oxygenates having an initial boiling point in the range of about 70 to 135°F and a final boiling point in the range of about 250 to 450°F, as determined by the ASTM D86 distillation method.
- the method of this invention will comprise the use of a petroleum hydrocarbon fuel or gasoline which contains an effective fuel reducing amount of the selected hydroxyl-containing ester of monocarboxylic acid and dihydric or trihydric alcohol. More particularly, the gasoline fuel will contain from about 0.001 to about 2% by weight of the ester additive and preferably from about 0.01 to about 1% by weight.
- the ester additive used in this invention has been found effective in reducing friction in unleaded gasoline, i.e. gasoline which does not contain any lead compounds, such as tetraethyl lead and/or tetramethyl lead.
- unleaded gasoline also normally does not contain any lead scavengers, which typically comprise alkyl halides.
- additives conventionally used in petroleum hydrocarbon fuels or gasoline may be included in the fuel used in the method of this invention, such as antioxidants, detergents, corrosion inhibitors, etc.
- Fuel economy was measured using a Chevrolet 4.1 litre inline-6 engine on a dynamometer test stand with two different fuels, a standard reference unleaded gasoline and a test unleaded gasoline which was the same but contained 0.02 wt. % of an ester additive.
- the ester additive was a mixture formed by the esterification of glycerol and oleic acid and comprised glycerol mono-oleate (55% by wt.) and glycerol di-oleate (45%).
- the unleaded fuels were run in the engine over two different time periods, i.e., 0.5 and 99 hours, and for four different load/cycle conditions.
- the resulting fuel consumption for the 0.5 hour test was found to be 3.7, 1.7, 1.5 and 0.8% lower for the respective load/cycle conditions, for the fuel containing the ester additive than for the reference fuel without additive.
- the average weighted or global fuel consumption (i.e., based on fuel consumed for each load/cycle condition) was 1.5% lower for the ester additive containing unleaded fuel than the reference unleaded fuel without additive.
- the resulting fuel consumption for the 99 hour test was 4.2, 2.9, 0.9, and 2.0% lower, for the respective load/cycle conditions, for the unleaded fuel containing ester additive than for the reference unleaded fuel without additive.
- the average weighted or global fuel consumption for this run was 2.2% lower for the ester additive containing unleaded fuel.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of an internal combustion engine.
- There has been considerable effort in recent years to improve the fuel economy of motor vehicles. This effort has no doubt received impetus from the increasing public awareness of the need for energy conservation. Such need developed from a combination of factors with the most significant being the unavailability of adequate fuel supplies during times of certain unsettling world events and the general increase in fuel prices over the past several years.
- To date, the main approach to obtain improved fuel economy has been a mechanical one, i.e., smaller cars and smaller engines. Another approach to reduce fuel consumption which has received a fair amount of attention recently has been the development of lubricants that reduce engine friction and thus reduce energy requirements. Among the lubricating oils which have been developed to solve the problem of energy losses due to high friction are the synthetic ester base oils which are generally expensive. Other lubricating oils have incorporated additives to reduce overall friction. Some of the additives used in lubricating oils include the esters of fatty acid dimers and glycols as disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,105,571, the esters of monocarboxylic acids and glycerol as disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,304,678, the esters of dimer acids and monohydric alcohol disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,167,486, the esters of glycerol and monocarboxylic fatty acids as disclosed in U.K. 2,038,355 and 2,038,356 and esters of monocarboxylic fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,933,659.
- Another group of additives which has been used in lubricating oils to reduce friction are the molybdenum containing compounds including insoluble molybdenum sulfides, organo molybdenum complexes, e.g., molybdenum amine complexes disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,164,473, molybdenum thio-bis phenol complexes disclosed in U.S. Patents 4,192,753, 4,201,683 and 4,248,720, molybdenum oxazoline complexes disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,176,074 and molydenum lactone oxazoline complexes disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,176,073.
- Some of the above friction reducing additives have been suggested for use in hydrocarbon compositions such as fuels, and other additives have been suggested for use in hydrocarbon compositions such as fuels and lubricating oils to improve lubricity and load carrying properties. While many of such additives do in fact satisfy some of the property requirements as suggested, it is also known that in many instances other problems arise such as additive burn up and decomposition as fuels go through the combustion zone and the actual improvement in properties such as friction reduction and fuel economy never materializes. Therefore, the use of different additives in lubricating oils to reduce friction does not suggest a method of improving fuel economy by changing or adding materials to the fuel composition itself. Accordingly, there is the need for additional methods to improve the fuel economy of an internal combustion engine used to power automotive vehicles.
- It has now been found that the fuel consumption of an automotive internal combustion engine can be reduced by using a petroleum hydrocarbon fuel which contains a major amount of gasoline, preferably unleaded gasoline, and an effective amount of a selected additive which is an ester of a monocarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol, said ester additive having at least one free hydroxyl group.
- More particularly, this invention relates to a method of reducing the fuel consumption of an automotive internal combustion engine which comprises operating said engine on a hydrocarbon fuel containing a major amount of a liquid hydrocarbon of the gasoline boiling range and from about 0.001 to about 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the fuel, of an additive which is an ester of a monocarboxylic acid and a glycol or trihydric alcohol, said acid having about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms, said glycol being an alkane diol or oxa-alkane diol wherein said alkane is a straight chain hydrocarbon of about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms and said trihydric alcohol has a straight chain hydrocarbon structure of about 3 to about 6 carbon atoms, said ester additive having at least one free hydroxyl group, whereby said fuel including the ester additive effectively reaches the upper cylinder of said engine and thereby reduces the fuel consumed in the operation thereof.
- The present invention involves a method to improve the fuel economy of motor vehicles using an internal combustion engine wherein said engine is operated with a petroleum fuel containing a selected hydroxyl containing carboxylic acid ester additive.
- The ester additive used in the method of this invention is generally derived from the esterification of a monocarboxylic acid and glycol or trihydric alcohol, said ester having at least one free hydroxyl group. More particularly, the ester additive used in this invention is a hydroxyl containing ester of a monocarboxylic acid and a glycol or trihydric alcohol, said acid having about 12 to 30 carbon atoms, said glycol being an alkane diol or oxa-alkane diol wherein said alkane is a straight chain hydrocarbon of about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms and said trihydric alcohol has a straight chain hydrocarbon structure of about 3 to about 6 carbon atoms.
- The acid used in preparing the ester is an aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated, straight chained or branched monocarboxylic acid having about 12 to about 30, preferably about 14 to about 28, and more preferably about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms.
- The alcohol used in preparing the ester additive of this invention is generally a saturated, straight chain, aliphatic, dihydric or trihydric alcohol. More particularly, the alcohol will be a glycol or diol, or a trihydric alcohol with said glycol being an alkane diol, i.e., alkylene glycol or oxa-alkane diol, i.e., polyalkylene glycol wherein said alkane is a straight chain hydrocarbon of about 2 to about 5 carbon atoms and said trihydric alcohol has a linear or straight chain hydrocarbon structure of about 3 to about 6 carbon atoms. The oxa-alkane diol (polyalkylene glycol) will contain periodically repeating groups of the formula:
- Further description and illustrations of the above-described acids and alcohols may be found in Kirk-Othmer "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology," Second Edition, Volume 1, 1963, pp. 224-254 and 531-598.
- The hydroxy-substituted ester additives used in this invention can be prepared by a variety of methods well known in the art. Such esters may be prepared from any of the acids and alcohols, as described above, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the esters will be prepared from acids having about 14 to about 28 carbon atoms and trihydric alcohols. More preferably, the esters will be prepared from acids having about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms and glycerol. When using trihydric alcohols and particularly glycerol, some mono- and some diesters may be found in the ester mixture. Small minor amounts of triester may be present in the ester component, particularly in commercially available products, however, the ester additive will substantially comprise compounds having at least one free hydroxyl group. The ester additive used in this invention must be suitably soluble and compatible with the system, not provide any corrosion problems and, most important, must effectively reach remote areas of the automotive engine including the upper cylinder area to provide fuel economy benefits.
- The fuel composition used in the method of this invention is generally a petroleum hydrocarbon fuel useful as a fuel or gasoline for internal combustion engines. Such fuels typically comprise mixtures of hydrocarbons of various types, including straight and branched chain paraffins, olefins, aromatics and naphthenic hydrocarbons. These compositions are provided in a number of grades, such as leaded and unleaded gasoline, and are typically derived from petroleum crude oil by conventional refining and blending processes such as straight run distillation, thermal cracking, hydrocracking, catalytic cracking and various reforming processes. Gasoline is defined as a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon-oxygenates having an initial boiling point in the range of about 70 to 135°F and a final boiling point in the range of about 250 to 450°F, as determined by the ASTM D86 distillation method.
- In general, the method of this invention will comprise the use of a petroleum hydrocarbon fuel or gasoline which contains an effective fuel reducing amount of the selected hydroxyl-containing ester of monocarboxylic acid and dihydric or trihydric alcohol. More particularly, the gasoline fuel will contain from about 0.001 to about 2% by weight of the ester additive and preferably from about 0.01 to about 1% by weight.
- The ester additive used in this invention has been found effective in reducing friction in unleaded gasoline, i.e. gasoline which does not contain any lead compounds, such as tetraethyl lead and/or tetramethyl lead. Such unleaded gasoline also normally does not contain any lead scavengers, which typically comprise alkyl halides.
- Other additives conventionally used in petroleum hydrocarbon fuels or gasoline may be included in the fuel used in the method of this invention, such as antioxidants, detergents, corrosion inhibitors, etc.
- The following example is further illustrative of this invention and is not intended to be construed as a limitation thereof.
- Fuel economy was measured using a Chevrolet 4.1 litre inline-6 engine on a dynamometer test stand with two different fuels, a standard reference unleaded gasoline and a test unleaded gasoline which was the same but contained 0.02 wt. % of an ester additive. The ester additive was a mixture formed by the esterification of glycerol and oleic acid and comprised glycerol mono-oleate (55% by wt.) and glycerol di-oleate (45%). The unleaded fuels were run in the engine over two different time periods, i.e., 0.5 and 99 hours, and for four different load/cycle conditions.
- The resulting fuel consumption for the 0.5 hour test was found to be 3.7, 1.7, 1.5 and 0.8% lower for the respective load/cycle conditions, for the fuel containing the ester additive than for the reference fuel without additive. The average weighted or global fuel consumption (i.e., based on fuel consumed for each load/cycle condition) was 1.5% lower for the ester additive containing unleaded fuel than the reference unleaded fuel without additive.
- The resulting fuel consumption for the 99 hour test was 4.2, 2.9, 0.9, and 2.0% lower, for the respective load/cycle conditions, for the unleaded fuel containing ester additive than for the reference unleaded fuel without additive. The average weighted or global fuel consumption for this run was 2.2% lower for the ester additive containing unleaded fuel.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US81236185A | 1985-12-23 | 1985-12-23 | |
US812361 | 1985-12-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0227218A1 true EP0227218A1 (en) | 1987-07-01 |
Family
ID=25209348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86307364A Withdrawn EP0227218A1 (en) | 1985-12-23 | 1986-09-25 | Method for improving the fuel economy of an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0227218A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS62148595A (en) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0608149A1 (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-07-27 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Fuel additives |
EP0739970A1 (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1996-10-30 | Kao Corporation | Gas oil compositions and gas oil additives |
WO1997004044A1 (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-02-06 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Additives and fuel oil compositions |
US5632785A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1997-05-27 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Fuel economy additives |
EP0826765A1 (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1998-03-04 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Compositions of additives improving the lubricating capacity of motor fuels and motor fuels containing the same |
US5882364A (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1999-03-16 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Additives and fuel oil compositions |
WO2002079353A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-10 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Gasoline additive concentrate composition and fuel composition and method thereof |
US6607568B2 (en) | 1995-10-17 | 2003-08-19 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its production (law3 1 1) |
US6669743B2 (en) | 1997-02-07 | 2003-12-30 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Synthetic jet fuel and process for its production (law724) |
US6743266B2 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2004-06-01 | Texaco, Inc. | Fuel additive composition for improving delivery of friction modifier |
US6822131B1 (en) | 1995-10-17 | 2004-11-23 | Exxonmobil Reasearch And Engineering Company | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its production |
US6835217B1 (en) | 2000-09-20 | 2004-12-28 | Texaco, Inc. | Fuel composition containing friction modifier |
WO2010053354A2 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-14 | Criss Cross Technology Bv | A motor fuel additive with enhanced properties, and processes for the production thereof |
Citations (10)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US2527889A (en) * | 1946-08-19 | 1950-10-31 | Union Oil Co | Diesel engine fuel |
US2548347A (en) * | 1948-07-06 | 1951-04-10 | Shell Dev | Fuel oil composition |
FR1045324A (en) * | 1951-11-20 | 1953-11-25 | Elema | Process and additive for improving fuels |
FR1110109A (en) * | 1954-02-19 | 1956-02-06 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Gasoline-based composition |
US2976245A (en) * | 1957-06-13 | 1961-03-21 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Esters of 1, 4-butanediol and 1, 2, 4-butanetriol as rust inhibitors |
US3091521A (en) * | 1960-05-03 | 1963-05-28 | Standard Oil Co | Gasoline composition |
FR1405551A (en) * | 1963-07-16 | 1965-07-09 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Anti-wear additives intended to improve the lubricity of liquid hydrocarbons |
US3647378A (en) * | 1969-07-09 | 1972-03-07 | Armour Ind Chem Co | Carburetor anti-icing composition |
US4105418A (en) * | 1973-05-29 | 1978-08-08 | Mohnhaupt Dietrich Fritz Arthu | Fuels for internal combustion engines |
FR2507205A1 (en) * | 1980-06-17 | 1982-12-10 | Erner William | SYNTHETIC LIQUID FUEL AND ITS MIXTURES FOR DEVICES THAT USE PETROLEUM |
-
1986
- 1986-09-25 EP EP86307364A patent/EP0227218A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-09-29 JP JP22852286A patent/JPS62148595A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2527889A (en) * | 1946-08-19 | 1950-10-31 | Union Oil Co | Diesel engine fuel |
US2548347A (en) * | 1948-07-06 | 1951-04-10 | Shell Dev | Fuel oil composition |
FR1045324A (en) * | 1951-11-20 | 1953-11-25 | Elema | Process and additive for improving fuels |
FR1110109A (en) * | 1954-02-19 | 1956-02-06 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Gasoline-based composition |
US2976245A (en) * | 1957-06-13 | 1961-03-21 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Esters of 1, 4-butanediol and 1, 2, 4-butanetriol as rust inhibitors |
US3091521A (en) * | 1960-05-03 | 1963-05-28 | Standard Oil Co | Gasoline composition |
FR1405551A (en) * | 1963-07-16 | 1965-07-09 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Anti-wear additives intended to improve the lubricity of liquid hydrocarbons |
US3647378A (en) * | 1969-07-09 | 1972-03-07 | Armour Ind Chem Co | Carburetor anti-icing composition |
US4105418A (en) * | 1973-05-29 | 1978-08-08 | Mohnhaupt Dietrich Fritz Arthu | Fuels for internal combustion engines |
FR2507205A1 (en) * | 1980-06-17 | 1982-12-10 | Erner William | SYNTHETIC LIQUID FUEL AND ITS MIXTURES FOR DEVICES THAT USE PETROLEUM |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0608149A1 (en) * | 1993-01-21 | 1994-07-27 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Fuel additives |
EP0739970A1 (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1996-10-30 | Kao Corporation | Gas oil compositions and gas oil additives |
US5855628A (en) * | 1995-04-24 | 1999-01-05 | Kao Corporation | Gas oil compositions and gas oil additives |
US5882364A (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1999-03-16 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Additives and fuel oil compositions |
WO1997004044A1 (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1997-02-06 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Additives and fuel oil compositions |
AU704905B2 (en) * | 1995-07-14 | 1999-05-06 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Additives and fuel oil compositions |
US6822131B1 (en) | 1995-10-17 | 2004-11-23 | Exxonmobil Reasearch And Engineering Company | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its production |
US6607568B2 (en) | 1995-10-17 | 2003-08-19 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Synthetic diesel fuel and process for its production (law3 1 1) |
GB2307697A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1997-06-04 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Fuel economy additive |
US5632785A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1997-05-27 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Fuel economy additives |
FR2752850A1 (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1998-03-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | COMPOSITIONS OF ADDITIVES IMPROVING THE LUBRICATING POWER OF FUELS AND FUELS CONTAINING THEM |
EP0826765A1 (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1998-03-04 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Compositions of additives improving the lubricating capacity of motor fuels and motor fuels containing the same |
US6669743B2 (en) | 1997-02-07 | 2003-12-30 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Synthetic jet fuel and process for its production (law724) |
US6743266B2 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2004-06-01 | Texaco, Inc. | Fuel additive composition for improving delivery of friction modifier |
US6835217B1 (en) | 2000-09-20 | 2004-12-28 | Texaco, Inc. | Fuel composition containing friction modifier |
WO2002079353A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-10 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Gasoline additive concentrate composition and fuel composition and method thereof |
US7195654B2 (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2007-03-27 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Gasoline additive concentrate composition and fuel composition and method thereof |
WO2010053354A2 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-14 | Criss Cross Technology Bv | A motor fuel additive with enhanced properties, and processes for the production thereof |
WO2010053354A3 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-11-04 | Criss Cross Technology Bv | A motor fuel additive with enhanced properties, and processes for the production thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS62148595A (en) | 1987-07-02 |
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