EP0226906B1 - Telescopic flanged lid for closing a container - Google Patents

Telescopic flanged lid for closing a container Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0226906B1
EP0226906B1 EP86116877A EP86116877A EP0226906B1 EP 0226906 B1 EP0226906 B1 EP 0226906B1 EP 86116877 A EP86116877 A EP 86116877A EP 86116877 A EP86116877 A EP 86116877A EP 0226906 B1 EP0226906 B1 EP 0226906B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
lid
rim
projections
closing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86116877A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0226906A3 (en
EP0226906A2 (en
Inventor
Herbert Hahn
Hans Zettner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever PLC, Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever PLC
Priority to AT86116877T priority Critical patent/ATE57354T1/en
Publication of EP0226906A2 publication Critical patent/EP0226906A2/en
Publication of EP0226906A3 publication Critical patent/EP0226906A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0226906B1 publication Critical patent/EP0226906B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D43/00Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D43/02Removable lids or covers
    • B65D43/0202Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element
    • B65D43/0204Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured by snapping over beads or projections
    • B65D43/0212Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured by snapping over beads or projections only on the outside, or a part turned to the outside, of the mouth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00018Overall construction of the lid
    • B65D2543/00259Materials used
    • B65D2543/00296Plastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00481Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
    • B65D2543/0049Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on the inside, or a part turned to the inside of the mouth of the container
    • B65D2543/00509Cup
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00481Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
    • B65D2543/00537Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on the outside, or a part turned to the outside of the mouth of the container
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00481Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
    • B65D2543/00555Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on both the inside and the outside
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00592Snapping means
    • B65D2543/00601Snapping means on the container
    • B65D2543/00611Profiles
    • B65D2543/00657U-shaped or inverted U
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00592Snapping means
    • B65D2543/00601Snapping means on the container
    • B65D2543/00675Periphery concerned
    • B65D2543/00685Totality
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00592Snapping means
    • B65D2543/00712Snapping means on the lid
    • B65D2543/00722Profiles
    • B65D2543/00731Groove or hollow bead
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00444Contact between the container and the lid
    • B65D2543/00592Snapping means
    • B65D2543/00712Snapping means on the lid
    • B65D2543/00787Periphery concerned
    • B65D2543/00796Totality
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2543/00Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
    • B65D2543/00009Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D2543/00824Means for facilitating removing of the closure
    • B65D2543/00833Integral tabs, tongues, handles or similar
    • B65D2543/00842Integral tabs, tongues, handles or similar outside of the lid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a slip lid for closing a container with a U-shaped edge, the lid having a U-shaped cross-section, downwardly open edge portion with which it engages over the edge of the container to be closed, the outer leg of the U-shaped edge section has a plurality of inwardly pointing elevations which engage behind the edge of the container and lock the lid, which has a preferred location for lifting off the container.
  • a lid is known from DE-A 1 181 121, which is provided with three inward elevations. With this small number of elevations, however, they have to sit relatively firmly on the container if they are to provide the lid with sufficient hold. This makes them difficult to remove from the container.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a slip lid of the type mentioned, which on the one hand adheres well to the container and on the other hand can be easily and above all removed from the container without damaging the cover.
  • the outer leg of the U-shaped edge section is designed without an elevation over a region which is longer than the space between two of these elevations.
  • the elevations hold the lid securely on the edge of the container; in the recessed area, however, the lid can be easily lifted off the container, which also makes further lifting easier, so that the necessary pulling force for lifting the lid is relatively low. This in turn makes it possible to produce the cover from a relatively thin material.
  • An advantageous development of the invention lies in the fact that elevations pointing inwards are provided directly at the preferred location for lifting off the cover, while the regions adjacent on both sides are free of elevations.
  • the lid is thus sufficiently secured in the area in which opening is to begin; nevertheless, the opening is easy to do.
  • FIG. 1 in FIG. 1 denotes a container, the upper edge of which is U-shaped, with a web 2 which projects freely outwards.
  • a slip lid 3 is placed on the container 1 and is supported on its edge.
  • This lid 3 is provided with a downwardly open U-shaped edge section 4, the outer leg 5 engages over the web 2 and is provided with inwardly facing elevations 6 which engage behind the web 2 and lock the lid on the container.
  • the leg 5 is smooth on a sector of approximately 75 degrees, i.e. there are no elevations on the inside. This sector represents the preferred area of the lid 3, in which it can be easily lifted off the container.
  • this sector is enlarged to approximately 90 degrees.
  • a single elevation 6 is provided, opposite which an extension 7 is formed on the free side of the leg 5, on which the lid 3 can be grasped for opening.

Abstract

1. Press-on lid for closing a container with a U-shaped rim, the lid having a rim section that has an upside-down U-shaped cross-section and extends beyond the rim of the container it is closing, the outer side of the U-shaped rim section having numerous projections that face inwards, engage the rim of the container and secure the lid, which is designed to habe a specific point where it is supposed to be lifted off the container, wherein the outer side (5) of the U-shaped rim section on both sides of the specific point has no projections over a distance that is longer than the gap between two of these projections.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Stülpdeckel zum Verschließen eines Behälters mit einem U-förmig ausgebildeten Rand, wobei der Deckel einen im Querschnitt U-förmigen, nach unten offenen Randabschnitt aufweist, mit dem er den Rand des zu verschließenden Behälters übergreift, wobei der äußere Schenkel des U-förmigen Randabschnittes eine Vielzahl von nach innen weisenden Erhebungen aufweist, die hinter den Rand des Behälters greifen und den Deckel verriegeln, der eine bevorzugte Stelle zum Abheben vom Behälter aufweist.The invention relates to a slip lid for closing a container with a U-shaped edge, the lid having a U-shaped cross-section, downwardly open edge portion with which it engages over the edge of the container to be closed, the outer leg of the U-shaped edge section has a plurality of inwardly pointing elevations which engage behind the edge of the container and lock the lid, which has a preferred location for lifting off the container.

Derartige Stülpdeckel sollen einerseits den Behälter möglichst gut verschließen und gegen unbeabsichtigtes Öffnen sichern. Andererseits sollen sie aber leicht vom Behälter abgenommen werden können. Beide Aufgaben widersprechen sich ganz erheblich, weshalb die aus der Praxis bekannten Deckel der genannten Art auch nie voll befriedigen konnten.Such slip covers should on the one hand close the container as well as possible and secure against unintentional opening. On the other hand, they should be easy to remove from the container. Both tasks contradict each other considerably, which is why the lids of the type mentioned, which are known in practice, have never been able to fully satisfy.

Aus der DE-A 1 181 121 ist zwar ein Deckel bekannt, der mit drei nach innen gerichteten Erhebungen versehen ist. Bei dieser geringen Anzahl von Erhebungen müssen diese allerdings relativ fest am Behälter sitzen, wenn sie dem Deckel einen ausreichenden Halt vermitteln sollen. Damit sind sie aber nur schwer vom Behälter zu lösen.A lid is known from DE-A 1 181 121, which is provided with three inward elevations. With this small number of elevations, however, they have to sit relatively firmly on the container if they are to provide the lid with sufficient hold. This makes them difficult to remove from the container.

Das gilt auch für den aus der AU-B-485 242 bekannten Deckel, bei dem ebenfalls keine bevorzugte Stelle zum Abheben des Deckels vom Behälter vorgesehen ist.This also applies to the lid known from AU-B-485 242, in which there is likewise no preferred location for lifting the lid off the container.

Der Erfindung liegt demgegenüber die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Stülpdeckel der genannten Art zu schaffen, der einerseits gut auf dem Behälter haftet und der andererseits leicht und vor allem ohne Beschädigung des Deckels vom Behälter abgenommen werden kann.In contrast, the invention has for its object to provide a slip lid of the type mentioned, which on the one hand adheres well to the container and on the other hand can be easily and above all removed from the container without damaging the cover.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß beiderseits dieser bevorzugten Stelle der äußere Schenkel des U-förmigen Randabschnittes über einen Bereich, der länger als der Zwischenraum zwischen zwei dieser Erhebungen ist, ohne Erhebung ausgebildet ist.This object is achieved in that on both sides of this preferred location, the outer leg of the U-shaped edge section is designed without an elevation over a region which is longer than the space between two of these elevations.

Die Erhebungen halten den Deckel sicher am Rand des Behälters fest; im ausgesparten Bereich läßt sich aber der Deckel leicht vom Behälter abheben, wodurch auch das weitere Abheben erleichtert ist, so daß die notwendige Zugkraft zum Abheben des Deckels verhältnismäßig gering ist. Dadurch ist es wiederum möglich, den Deckel aus verhältnismäßig dünnem Material herzustellen.The elevations hold the lid securely on the edge of the container; in the recessed area, however, the lid can be easily lifted off the container, which also makes further lifting easier, so that the necessary pulling force for lifting the lid is relatively low. This in turn makes it possible to produce the cover from a relatively thin material.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung liegt darin, daß unmittelbar an der bevorzugten Stelle zum Abheben des Deckels nach innen weisende Erhebungen vorgesehen sind, während die beiderseits benachbarten Bereiche frei von Erhebungen sind.An advantageous development of the invention lies in the fact that elevations pointing inwards are provided directly at the preferred location for lifting off the cover, while the regions adjacent on both sides are free of elevations.

Damit ist der Deckel auch in dem Bereich, in welchem mit dem Öffnen begonnen werden soll, ausreichend gesichert; trotzdem läßt sich das öffnen leicht vollziehen.The lid is thus sufficiently secured in the area in which opening is to begin; nevertheless, the opening is easy to do.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung anhand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen veranschaulicht. Dabei zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch einen Behälter, auf den ein Stülpdeckel aufgesetzt ist,
  • Fig. 2 eine Unteransicht eines Stülpdeckels mit einem bevorzugten Öffnungsbereich und
  • Fig. 3 eine Unteransicht eines weiteren Stülpdeckels mit einem Ansatz zum Abheben.
The invention is illustrated in the drawing using two exemplary embodiments. Show:
  • 1 shows a section through a container on which a slip lid is placed,
  • Fig. 2 is a bottom view of a slip lid with a preferred opening area and
  • Fig. 3 is a bottom view of another slip lid with an approach to lift off.

Mit 1 ist in Fig. 1 ein Behälter bezeichnet, dessen oberer Rand U-förmig ausgebildet ist, mit einem nach außen frei abstehenden Steg 2. Auf den Behälter 1 ist ein Stülpdeckel 3 aufgesetzt, der sich auf dessen Rand abstützt. Dieser Deckel 3 ist mit einem nach unten offenen U-förmigen Randabschnitt 4 versehen, dessen äußerer Schenkel 5 den Steg 2 übergreift und mit nach innen weisenden Erhebungen 6 versehen ist, die hinter den Steg 2 greifen und den Deckel am Behälter verriegeln.1 in FIG. 1 denotes a container, the upper edge of which is U-shaped, with a web 2 which projects freely outwards. A slip lid 3 is placed on the container 1 and is supported on its edge. This lid 3 is provided with a downwardly open U-shaped edge section 4, the outer leg 5 engages over the web 2 and is provided with inwardly facing elevations 6 which engage behind the web 2 and lock the lid on the container.

Wie aus den Figuren 2 und 3 zu ersehen ist, sind diese Erhebungen über den Umfang des Deckelrandes verteilt angeordnet.As can be seen from Figures 2 and 3, these elevations are arranged distributed over the circumference of the lid edge.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 ist auf einem Sektor von etwa 75 Grad der Schenkel 5 glatt ausgebildet, d.h., es sind keine Erhebungen auf der Innenseite vorhanden. Dieser Sektor stellt den bevorzugten Bereich des Deckels 3 dar, in dem er leicht vom Behälter abgehoben werden kann.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the leg 5 is smooth on a sector of approximately 75 degrees, i.e. there are no elevations on the inside. This sector represents the preferred area of the lid 3, in which it can be easily lifted off the container.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 ist dieser Sektor auf etwa 90 Grad vergrößer t. In seiner Mitte ist jedoch eine einzelne Erhebung 6 vorgesehen, der gegenüber an der freien Seite des Schenkels 5 ein Ansatz 7 angeformt ist, an dem der Deckel 3 zum Öffnen erfaßt werden kann.3, this sector is enlarged to approximately 90 degrees. In the middle, however, a single elevation 6 is provided, opposite which an extension 7 is formed on the free side of the leg 5, on which the lid 3 can be grasped for opening.

Claims (2)

1. Press-on lid for closing a container with a U-shaped rim, the lid having a rim section that has an upside-down U-shaped cross-section and extends beyond the rim of the container it is closing, the outer side of the U-shaped rim section having numerous projections that face inwards, engage the rim of the container and secure the lid, which is designed to habe a specific point where it is supposed to be lifted off the container, wherein the outer side (5) of the U-shaped rim section on both sides of the specific point has no projections over a distance that is longer than the gap between two of these projections.
2. Press-on lid according to claim 1, wherein projections (6) that face inwards are provided directly at the specific point where the lid (3) is supposed to be lifted off the container, while the areas on both adjacent sides have no projections.
EP86116877A 1985-12-21 1986-12-04 Telescopic flanged lid for closing a container Expired - Lifetime EP0226906B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86116877T ATE57354T1 (en) 1985-12-21 1986-12-04 LID FOR SEALING A CONTAINER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3545730 1985-12-21
DE19853545730 DE3545730A1 (en) 1985-12-21 1985-12-21 SLIDING LID FOR CLOSING A CONTAINER

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0226906A2 EP0226906A2 (en) 1987-07-01
EP0226906A3 EP0226906A3 (en) 1988-04-20
EP0226906B1 true EP0226906B1 (en) 1990-10-10

Family

ID=6289352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86116877A Expired - Lifetime EP0226906B1 (en) 1985-12-21 1986-12-04 Telescopic flanged lid for closing a container

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0226906B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE57354T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3545730A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19540152C2 (en) * 1995-10-27 1997-09-04 Rpc Container Ltd Production of a plastic slip lid with a thin mirror area
CH705332A1 (en) * 2011-07-21 2013-01-31 Swissi Process Safety Gmbh Sample vessel for calorimetric measurements.

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE343289A (en) *
DE1737774U (en) * 1956-10-24 1957-01-10 Gerold Mentrup Fa CLOSING LID MADE OF PLASTIC MATERIAL.
US3019933A (en) * 1958-08-06 1962-02-06 Gutmann & Co Ferd Snap-on caps and packages incorporating the same
DE1181121B (en) * 1959-12-22 1964-11-05 Alfred Boenecke Plastic container with attachable lid
US3065875A (en) * 1960-02-19 1962-11-27 Continental Can Co Plastic snap-on reclosure cover
AU485242B2 (en) * 1976-03-24 1977-08-04 Owens-Illinois Plastic Products Inc. Recessed, rim-locking container closure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0226906A3 (en) 1988-04-20
DE3545730A1 (en) 1987-08-27
DE3545730C2 (en) 1989-01-26
DE3674891D1 (en) 1990-11-15
ATE57354T1 (en) 1990-10-15
EP0226906A2 (en) 1987-07-01

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