EP0225193A2 - Buse de pulvérisation - Google Patents

Buse de pulvérisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225193A2
EP0225193A2 EP86309365A EP86309365A EP0225193A2 EP 0225193 A2 EP0225193 A2 EP 0225193A2 EP 86309365 A EP86309365 A EP 86309365A EP 86309365 A EP86309365 A EP 86309365A EP 0225193 A2 EP0225193 A2 EP 0225193A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
liquid
outlet
chamber
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86309365A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0225193B1 (fr
EP0225193A3 (en
Inventor
Robert Norman Borwick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0225193A2 publication Critical patent/EP0225193A2/fr
Publication of EP0225193A3 publication Critical patent/EP0225193A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0225193B1 publication Critical patent/EP0225193B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0475—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the peripheral gas flow towards the central liquid flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to spraying nozzles.
  • Such nozzles may be used with advantage in agriculture, amenity and forestry for spraying crops with fungicides. pesticides, herbicides, and the like.
  • a spraying nozzle comprising: a chamber containing a liquid inlet for producing a liquid jet. an outlet, and inlet means for producing an air flow from the region of the liquid inlet generally towards the outlet; and a deflecting surface disposed downstream of the outlet and arranged to deflect atomised liquid out of the nozzle, characterized in that an atomising surface is disposed in the chamber between the liquid inlet and the outlet so that the liquid jet from the liquid inlet impinges on the atomising surface and is atomised.
  • the liquid inlet and the outlet are substantially coaxial.
  • the air inlet means comprises a plurality of orifices disposed around the liquid inlet and arranged to direct air at the outlet.
  • the chamber tapers inwardly towards the outlet.
  • the chamber surface may be a surface of rotation, such as a frusto-conical surface.
  • the air inlet means may be arranged to direct air along or adjacent the chamber surface.
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the liquid inlet and the outlet is preferably between 1:4 and 1:5. A ratio of approximately 1:4.35 has proved advantageous.
  • the liquid inlet and the outlet may have circular cross-sections.
  • the deflecting surface may be inclined at an angle of between 65 and 85 degrees to the direction of liquid leaving the outlet. An angle in the region of 75 degrees is preferred and 75 degrees has proved advantageous in use.
  • the atomising surface is a polygonal (eg triangular) plate fixed at its apices to the chamber.
  • the plate When the chamber is a surface of rotation, the plate may be a symmetrically disposed equilaterally triangular plate.
  • the air inlet means may comprise three orifices arranged to direct air jets at the respective gaps between the edges of the triangular plate and the chamber surface.
  • the atomising surface may be convex towards the liquid inlet.
  • An agricultural spraying device may be provided by mounting a plurality of nozzles on a support and providing means for supplying liquid and air to the nozzles under pressure.
  • the nozzles may be arranged in a line on the support with a spacing of about 50 centimetres between adjacent nozzles.
  • the support may be arranged to carry the nozzles at a height of approximately 18 to 21 inches (approximately 45 to 52.5 centimetres) above a crop to be sprayed.
  • the nozzle shown in Figure 1 comprises a liquid inlet connector 1 which is connected to a diaphragm check valve assembly 2.
  • the check valve assembly 2 is connected by screw threading 3 to a first member 4.
  • a nipple 5 is screw threaded to the first member 4 and is shown connected to an air line or pipe 6.
  • the first member 4 has an axial bore 7 which communicates with a liquid outlet of the assembly 2.
  • the first member 4 further has an annular chamber 8 which communicates via a radial bore and a centre bore in the nipple 5 with the air line 6.
  • the first member 4 is connected to a second member 9 by screw threading 10.
  • the second member 9 has an axial bore 11 which smoothly continues the bore 7 and ends in a liquid metering orifice 12.
  • a distribution plate 13 is disposed between the first and second members 4 and 9 and includes eight air distribution holes illustrated at 14 in Figure 2.
  • the second member 9 has an annular chamber 15 which communicates with three through-bores 16.
  • the bores 16 are inclined by an acute angle with respect to the bore 11 and surround equiangularly the bore 11.
  • the nozzle comprises a third member 17 fixed to the second member 9 by means of a shouldered nut 18 screwed to the second member.
  • the third member 17 defines a chamber 19 which tapers towards an outlet orifice 20.
  • the chamber surface is frusto-conical in the nozzle shown in Figure 1.
  • a baffle plate 21 is provided in the chamber 19.
  • the plate 21 is triangular and is fixed by welding or otherwise at its apices to the interior of the third member 17.
  • the plate 21 is disposed between the liquid orifice 12 and the outlet orifice 20 so as to obscure the latter from the former.
  • the plate 21, together with the chamber surface, defines three passageways between its respective edges and the chamber wall, and the air ducts provided by the bores 16 are directed at these passages.
  • the third member 17 provides a deflecting surface 22 against which droplets from the outlet orifice 20 are directed.
  • the surface 22 is inclined at an angle of approximately 75° to the axis of the outlet orifice 20.
  • FIG 3 illustrates a possible application of the nozzles shown in Figures 1 and 2 to an agricultural crop spraying arrangement attached to an argicultural vehicle or tractor whose front and rear wheels are shown at 31 and 32, respectively.
  • the arrangement comprises a spraying apparatus 33 mounted at the rear of the tractor and comprising a liquid tank 34, a pump 35 for pumping the liquid from the tank to the spraying nozzles (not shown), and a coupling 36 connecting the pump 35 to a power take-off 37 of the tractor.
  • the sprayer 33 has outlets 38 connected via supply lines 39 to a system including pipes 40 and 41 for supplying liquid to the nozzles (not shown in Figure 3).
  • This distribution system is mounted to booms 42 which are attached to a front loader of the tractor. The height of the booms 42 above a crop to be sprayed may therefore be adjusted by controlling the height of the front loader.
  • a set of V belts 43 transfers drive from a multiple V belt pulley mounted on an input shaft of the pump 35 to a further such pulley mounted on the shaft of an air compressor 44.
  • the output of the air compressor 44 is connected via a pipe 45 to a diaphragm pressure regulator and T-connector 46.
  • the outputs of the T-connector are connected to pipes 47 which in turn are connected to distribution pipes 48 mounted on the booms 42 for supplying air to the spraying nozzles.
  • the nozzles 1 are fixed to the booms 42 with a mutual spacing of approximately 50 centimetres. During normal operation, the nozzles spray crops from a height of approximately 21 inches (52.5 centimetres) above the top of the crop. Fixing of the nozzles is achieved by rigidly connecting them to the liquid distributing pipes 40 and 41 on the booms 42. The tubes 6 from the nozzles are connected to outlets on the air distribution pipes 48. Liquid under pressure and air under pressure are therefore supplied to each of the nozzles 1. which atomises the liquid in the following way.
  • Liquid passes along the ducts 7 and 11 and is emitted from the orifice 12 as a narrow jet.
  • This jet strikes the baffle plate 21 and undergoes an initial atomisation as a result of this.
  • Compressed air is emitted from the ducts 16 and entrains the atomised liquid, carrying it through the passages between the edges of the plate 21 and the surface of the chamber 19.
  • the atomised liquid is thus ejected through the orifice 20 and strikes the surface 22 where final atomisation takes place and the flow is deflected downwardly in a fan-shaped spray.
  • the sizes of the orifices 12 and 20 together with the pressures of the air and liquid supplied to the nozzle affect the mean droplet size and the distribution of droplet sizes, and also affect the rate at which liquid is sprayed from the nozzle.
  • Tests were performed to investigate the relationship between air and liquid pressures, orifice sizes, average droplet sizes, and rate of liquid output when used for spraying crops in a field. The results obtained are given below where VMD is volume medium diameter in microns ( ⁇ m): where the diameter of the orifice 12 was 0.028 inches ( 7 .11 x 10 -4 m) and the diameter of the orifice 20 was 0.057 inches (1.45 x 10 -3 m).
  • the liquid output varied between 3 and 5 gallons per acre (3.4 x 10 -3 and 5.6 x 10- 3 lm -2 ) depending on pressures. where the diameter of the orifice 12 was 0.35 inches (8.89 x 10 -4 m) and the diameter of the orifice 20 was 0.073 inches (1.85 x 10 -3 m). The liquid output varied between 5 and 7 gallons per acre (5.6 x 10 -3 and 7.9 x 10 -3 lm -2 ) depending on pressures. where the diameter of the orifice 12 was 0.040 inches (1.02 x 10 -3 m) and the diameter of the orifice 20 was 0.0835 inches (2.12 x 10 -3 m). The liquid output varied between 7 and 10 gallons per acre (7.9 x 10 -3 and 1.12 x 10 -2 lm -2 ) depending on pressures.
  • the spray pattern produced by the nozzle has also been investigated and proved to have desirable characteristics.
  • a mean droplet diameter of about 200 microns (um) seems to be optimum. As indicated in the tables hereinbefore, this may readily be achieved by selecting orifice diameters and air and liquid pressures, thus allowing the liquid output rate to be selected for a specific application.
  • the nozzles provide such efficient spraying characteristics that the active ingredient in the liquid, such as a fungicide or pesticide, can be used at a much higher concentration ie with less water as diluent. It is therefore possible to spray greater areas, for a given liquid tank capacity, without having to reload with liquid than for conventional spraying arrangements.
  • a spraying system which allows the mean droplet size to be adjusted to an advantageous value and the spectrum of droplet sizes to be controlled within upper and lower limits so as to provide the most efficient droplet spectrum, so as to maximise any individual desired biological effect from the product being sprayed.
  • the droplet pattern produced by the nozzles can be adjusted to provide optimum return from any such product while giving optimum performance over a range of naturally occurring target areas, such as crops of different types.
EP19860309365 1985-11-29 1986-12-01 Buse de pulvérisation Expired EP0225193B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB858529403A GB8529403D0 (en) 1985-11-29 1985-11-29 Spraying nozzles
GB8529403 1985-11-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0225193A2 true EP0225193A2 (fr) 1987-06-10
EP0225193A3 EP0225193A3 (en) 1987-11-19
EP0225193B1 EP0225193B1 (fr) 1990-08-22

Family

ID=10588968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860309365 Expired EP0225193B1 (fr) 1985-11-29 1986-12-01 Buse de pulvérisation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0225193B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3673610D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB8529403D0 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0329449A1 (fr) * 1984-04-19 1989-08-23 Spraying Systems Co. Ensemble de buse d'atomisation avec déflecteur retiré
US4972995A (en) * 1987-10-20 1990-11-27 Kraft General Foods, Inc. Two-fluid nozzle for spray drying an aqueous slurry
EP0705644A1 (fr) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-10 Spraying Systems Co. Buse de pulvérisation à mélange interne d'air
FR2765124A1 (fr) * 1997-06-25 1998-12-31 Kampf Gmbh & Co Maschf Buse de pulverisation et systeme de pulverisation pour pulveriser du liquide sur une bande de materiau
WO1999017886A1 (fr) 1997-10-07 1999-04-15 Lurmark Limited Buse de pulverisation
CN105149131A (zh) * 2015-08-17 2015-12-16 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 一种气力施肥装置的混合输料器

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5765759C1 (en) * 1995-11-27 2001-11-06 Danville Engineering Removable nozzle for a sandblaster handpiece
US6485303B1 (en) 1999-11-18 2002-11-26 Parkell, Inc. Intraoral dental abrading instrument
US6457974B1 (en) 1999-11-18 2002-10-01 Parkell, Inc. Intraoral dental abrading instrument
DE10351834B4 (de) * 2003-11-06 2006-01-05 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Clathraten und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1661450A (en) * 1925-06-12 1928-03-06 Leport R Van Sant Fuel-burning system
US2447123A (en) * 1944-08-09 1948-08-17 Jones Harry Sloper Therapeutic device
GB976867A (en) * 1961-04-03 1964-12-02 Mather & Platt Ltd Foam-water sprinkler device
FR2291798A1 (fr) * 1974-11-19 1976-06-18 Lechler Apparatebau Kg Buse pour la vaporisation d'un fluide mousseux notamment de produits pour la protection des vegetaux
GB2157591A (en) * 1984-04-19 1985-10-30 Spraying Systems Co Air-assisted spray nozzle

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1661450A (en) * 1925-06-12 1928-03-06 Leport R Van Sant Fuel-burning system
US2447123A (en) * 1944-08-09 1948-08-17 Jones Harry Sloper Therapeutic device
GB976867A (en) * 1961-04-03 1964-12-02 Mather & Platt Ltd Foam-water sprinkler device
FR2291798A1 (fr) * 1974-11-19 1976-06-18 Lechler Apparatebau Kg Buse pour la vaporisation d'un fluide mousseux notamment de produits pour la protection des vegetaux
GB2157591A (en) * 1984-04-19 1985-10-30 Spraying Systems Co Air-assisted spray nozzle

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0329449A1 (fr) * 1984-04-19 1989-08-23 Spraying Systems Co. Ensemble de buse d'atomisation avec déflecteur retiré
US4972995A (en) * 1987-10-20 1990-11-27 Kraft General Foods, Inc. Two-fluid nozzle for spray drying an aqueous slurry
EP0705644A1 (fr) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-10 Spraying Systems Co. Buse de pulvérisation à mélange interne d'air
FR2765124A1 (fr) * 1997-06-25 1998-12-31 Kampf Gmbh & Co Maschf Buse de pulverisation et systeme de pulverisation pour pulveriser du liquide sur une bande de materiau
WO1999017886A1 (fr) 1997-10-07 1999-04-15 Lurmark Limited Buse de pulverisation
US6338444B1 (en) 1997-10-07 2002-01-15 Lurmark Limited Spray nozzle
CN105149131A (zh) * 2015-08-17 2015-12-16 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 一种气力施肥装置的混合输料器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0225193B1 (fr) 1990-08-22
DE3673610D1 (de) 1990-09-27
EP0225193A3 (en) 1987-11-19
GB8529403D0 (en) 1986-01-08

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