EP0224917B1 - Arrangement for the transmission of directional radio-signals in two or more frequency bands - Google Patents

Arrangement for the transmission of directional radio-signals in two or more frequency bands Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0224917B1
EP0224917B1 EP19860116791 EP86116791A EP0224917B1 EP 0224917 B1 EP0224917 B1 EP 0224917B1 EP 19860116791 EP19860116791 EP 19860116791 EP 86116791 A EP86116791 A EP 86116791A EP 0224917 B1 EP0224917 B1 EP 0224917B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polarisation
antenna
frequency bands
diplexer
waveguides
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP19860116791
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0224917A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Döhr
Uwe Dipl.-Ing. Leupelt
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
    • H01P1/2131—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies with combining or separating polarisations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement in waveguide technology for the transmission of directional radio signals from two or more directional radio frequency bands with double polarization with a broadband polarization filter with a common for the two or more frequency bands first connection for connection to the antenna exciter of a double-band antenna or multi-band antenna.
  • Separate antennas are generally required for the operation of directional radio systems for each radio (RF) frequency range.
  • RF radio
  • system switches a combination of polarization and frequency switches, it is possible to connect preferably two or more RF areas to an antenna, a so-called double-band antenna, and thus to utilize the mounting and mounting surfaces on the directional radio structures twice.
  • Up to about 3 GHz coaxial cables and above about 3 GHz waveguides for only one polarization are used as antenna feeds.
  • two antenna lines are required per mono-band antenna, four antenna lines per double-band antenna.
  • Waveguides are preferably used in the clear transmission range, i.e. for the transmission of the fundamental wave.
  • suitable transitions and filters to suppress undesired higher wave types so-called mode filters, have made it possible to use waveguides in the area of higher wave types in which they have particularly low attenuation.
  • the SIRAL waveguide (Siemens rectangular aluminum waveguide) has proven to be used, for example, in a special print from the magazine "Feintechnik" 82nd year 1974, issue 7, pages 355 to 360 and in the Siemens magazine 49 (1975) , Issue 3, pages 151 to 154.
  • These waveguides can also be bent over the broad side in the transmission range of higher shaft types without restricting normal routing, twisted in the longitudinal direction and built up from part lengths that are dimensionally adapted by the customer.
  • an antenna switch for a high-frequency antenna which is intended for the transmission of frequencies between 3.6 and 4.2 GHz and between 5.9 and 7.1 GHz.
  • two directional couplers with total coupling for the frequency band 3.6 - 4.2 GHz are arranged behind the connection intended for the connection to the antenna, one of which is designed for vertical polarization and the other for horizontal polarization.
  • a polarization switch follows the two directional couplers, the common connection of which is connected to the second directional coupler.
  • a waveguide provided with a stub line is connected to each polarization connection of the polarization switch and a connection of a Y branch is connected to the end of each waveguide.
  • a first band filter is connected to the second connection of the first Y branch, and a second band filter to the second connection of the second Y branch.
  • This known antenna crossover is a compact design of a polarization crossover and crossovers connected to it via waveguide sections.
  • the entire arrangement of polarization crossover and frequency crossovers, which are directly connected to one another via waveguide sections, is arranged in the vicinity of the antenna system to be fed.
  • the individual signals are supplied from the respective signal generator to the arrangement combining them via a correspondingly large number of antenna feed lines.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the number of four antenna feed lines (waveguide) usually required for a double band antenna.
  • the antenna feed lines consist of broadband waveguides with a rectangular cross section (SIRAL waveguide of a suitable type) or oval cross section, which are operated in the clear and / or ambiguous transmission range and contain mode filters for the ambiguous transmission range.
  • SIRAL waveguide of a suitable type
  • oval cross section which are operated in the clear and / or ambiguous transmission range and contain mode filters for the ambiguous transmission range.
  • the individual components advantageously consist of NC-milled materials.
  • the figure shows an arrangement for the transmission of RF signals from two microwave systems on only one waveguide for each polarization in a block diagram.
  • the connection of the antenna exciter e.g. a circular waveguide, called a double band antenna. 2 is a broadband crossover for the two frequency bands of the microwave systems. This is connected via two waveguides 3, each for the same polarization of both frequency bands, with a crossover 4, 5 for each polarization.
  • the crossover 4 is provided for the horizontal polarization of the two frequency bands with the frequencies f1 and f2, the crossover 5 for the vertical polarization of the corresponding frequency bands.
  • the two waveguides 3 consist, for example, of two SIRAL waveguides of a suitable type or cross section, which are used both in the unambiguous and in the ambiguous transmission range, i.e. can be operated with particularly low damping.
  • SIRAL waveguides are already being used with great success as low-loss antenna cables in the transmission range of higher wave types. With the arrangement according to the invention described above, the amount of waveguide is reduced by half, which saves a significant amount of space, but at the same time also saves material as a further advantage.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Anordnung in Hohlleitertechnik zur Übertragung von Richtfunksignalen von zwei oder mehr Richtfunk-Frequenzbändern mit Doppelpolarisation mit einer breitbandigen Polarisationsweiche mit einem für die Zwei oder mehr Frequenzbänder gemeinsamen ersten Anschluß zur Anschaltung an den Antennenerreger einer Doppelbandantenne oder Mehrbandantenne.The invention relates to an arrangement in waveguide technology for the transmission of directional radio signals from two or more directional radio frequency bands with double polarization with a broadband polarization filter with a common for the two or more frequency bands first connection for connection to the antenna exciter of a double-band antenna or multi-band antenna.

Für den Betrieb von Richtfunk-Systemen werden im allgemeinen für jeden Radio (RF)-Frequenzbereich separate Antennen (Monobandantennen) benötigt. Durch die Entwicklung von sogenannten Systemweichen, eine Kombination von Polarisations- und Frequenzweichen, ist es möglich, vorzugsweise zwei oder mehrere RF-Bereiche an eine Antenne, eine sogenannte Doppelbandantenne anzuschalten und damit die Stell- und Montageflächen auf den Richtfunkbauwerken doppelt auszunützen. Als Antennenzuleitungen werden dabei bis etwa 3 GHz Koaxialkabel und oberhalb von etwa 3 GHz Hohlleiter für nur eine Polarisation eingesetzt. Für die übliche Übertragung von zwei senkrecht aufeinanderstehenden Polarisationen werden also pro Monobandantenne in der Regel zwei, pro Doppelbandantenne vier Antennenleitungen benötigt.Separate antennas (monoband antennas) are generally required for the operation of directional radio systems for each radio (RF) frequency range. Through the development of so-called system switches, a combination of polarization and frequency switches, it is possible to connect preferably two or more RF areas to an antenna, a so-called double-band antenna, and thus to utilize the mounting and mounting surfaces on the directional radio structures twice. Up to about 3 GHz coaxial cables and above about 3 GHz waveguides for only one polarization are used as antenna feeds. For the usual transmission of two mutually perpendicular polarizations, therefore, two antenna lines are required per mono-band antenna, four antenna lines per double-band antenna.

Hohlleiter werden vorzugsweise im eindeutigen Übertragungsbereich, also für die Übertragung der Grundwelle eingesetzt. Die Entwicklung geeigneter Übergänge und Filter zur Unterdrückung unerwünschter höherer Wellentypen, sogenannte Modenfilter, haben es möglich gemacht, Hohlleiter im Bereich höherer Wellentypen zu verwenden, in dem diese besonders niedrige Dämpfung haben. Als besonders vorteilhaft für diesen Einsatzfall hat sich der SIRAL-Hohlleiter (Siemens-Rechteck-Aluminium-Hohlleiter) erwiesen, der beispielsweise in einem Sonderdruck der Zeitschrift "Feinwerktechnik" 82. Jahrgang 1974, Heft 7, Seiten 355 bis 360 und in der Siemens-Zeitschrift 49 (1975), Heft 3, Seiten 151 bis 154 näher beschrieben ist. Diese Hohlleiter lassen sich auch im Übertragungsbereich höherer Wellentypen ohne Einschränkung der normalen Verlegung über die Breitseite biegen, in Längsrichtung verdrillen und aus bauseits maßlich angepaßten Teillängen aufbauen.Waveguides are preferably used in the clear transmission range, i.e. for the transmission of the fundamental wave. The development of suitable transitions and filters to suppress undesired higher wave types, so-called mode filters, have made it possible to use waveguides in the area of higher wave types in which they have particularly low attenuation. As particularly advantageous for this The SIRAL waveguide (Siemens rectangular aluminum waveguide) has proven to be used, for example, in a special print from the magazine "Feinwerktechnik" 82nd year 1974, issue 7, pages 355 to 360 and in the Siemens magazine 49 (1975) , Issue 3, pages 151 to 154. These waveguides can also be bent over the broad side in the transmission range of higher shaft types without restricting normal routing, twisted in the longitudinal direction and built up from part lengths that are dimensionally adapted by the customer.

Aus der FR-A 2 182 728 ist eine Antennenweiche für eine Höchstfrequenzantenne bekannt, die für die Übertragung von zwischen 3,6 und 4,2 GHz und von zwischen 5,9 und 7,1 GHz liegenden Frequenzen bestimmt ist. Bei dieser sind hinter dem für die Verbindung mit der Antenne bestimmten Anschluß hintereinander zwei Richtkoppler mit totaler Kopplung für das Frequenzband 3,6 - 4,2 GHz angeordnet, von denen der eine für vertikale Polarisation und der andere für horizontale Polarisation ausgelegt ist. Auf die beiden Richtkoppler folgt eine Polarisationsweiche, deren gemeinsamer Anschluß mit dem zweiten Richtkoppler verbunden ist. An jeden Polarisationsanschluß der Polarisationsweiche ist ein mit einer Stichleitung versehener Hohlleiter angeschlossen und an das Ende jedes Hohlleiters ein Anschluß einer Y-Verzweigung. An den zweiten Anschluß der ersten Y-Verzweigung ist ein erstes Bandfilter angeschlossen, an den zweiten Anschluß der zweiten Y-Verzweigung ein zweites Bandfilter.From FR-A 2 182 728 an antenna switch for a high-frequency antenna is known which is intended for the transmission of frequencies between 3.6 and 4.2 GHz and between 5.9 and 7.1 GHz. In this case, two directional couplers with total coupling for the frequency band 3.6 - 4.2 GHz are arranged behind the connection intended for the connection to the antenna, one of which is designed for vertical polarization and the other for horizontal polarization. A polarization switch follows the two directional couplers, the common connection of which is connected to the second directional coupler. A waveguide provided with a stub line is connected to each polarization connection of the polarization switch and a connection of a Y branch is connected to the end of each waveguide. A first band filter is connected to the second connection of the first Y branch, and a second band filter to the second connection of the second Y branch.

Bei dieser bekannten Antennenweiche handelt es sich um eine kompakte Bauweise einer Polarisationsweiche und mit dieser über Hohlleiterabschnitte verbundene Frequenzweichen. Die gesamte Anordnung aus Polarisationsweiche und Frequenzweichen, die über Hohlleitungsabschnitte unmittelbar miteinander verbunden sind, ist in der Nähe des zu speisenden Antennensystems angeordnet. Die Zuführung der einzelnen Signale vom jeweiligen Signalerzeuger zu der sie kombinierenden Anordnung erfolgt dabei über eine entsprechend große Anzahl von Antennenzuleitungen.This known antenna crossover is a compact design of a polarization crossover and crossovers connected to it via waveguide sections. The entire arrangement of polarization crossover and frequency crossovers, which are directly connected to one another via waveguide sections, is arranged in the vicinity of the antenna system to be fed. The individual signals are supplied from the respective signal generator to the arrangement combining them via a correspondingly large number of antenna feed lines.

Die beträchtliche Ausweitung der bestehenden Richtfunknetze, verbunden mit der Erweiterung um neue Frequenzbereiche und Verbindungen hat den Bedarf zusätzlicher Antennenstell- und Montageplätze zur Folge. Weiterer Platzbedarf ergibt sich für Raumdiversitiy-Antennen beim Breitband-Digital-Richtfunk. Für die bessere Ausnutzung der vorhandenen Antennenplätze ist daher die Aufschaltung mehrerer RF-Bereiche an eine Antenne unumgänglich. Diese erweiterte Beschaltung der Antenne erfordert dementsprechend mehr Antennenleitungen auf engerem Raum.The considerable expansion of the existing directional radio networks, combined with the expansion by new frequency ranges and connections, results in the need for additional antenna placement and assembly spaces. Additional space is required for room diversity antennas in broadband digital radio relay. In order to make better use of the existing antenna slots, it is therefore essential to connect several RF areas to one antenna. This extended wiring of the antenna accordingly requires more antenna lines in a smaller space.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Anzahl der für eine Doppelbandantenne in der Regel benötigten vier Antennenzuleitungen (Hohlleiter) zu reduzieren.The invention has for its object to reduce the number of four antenna feed lines (waveguide) usually required for a double band antenna.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit einer Anordnung der eingangs beschriebenen Art gemäß der Erfindung gelöst durch zwei weitere, jeweils einer Polarisation zugeordnete Richtanschlüsse für jeweils eine, räumlich von der Polarisationsweiche entfernt angeordnete Frequenzweiche, sowie ferner durch zwei Antennenzuleitungen für die Frequenzbänder mit jeweils gleicher Polarisation, die die beiden Richtanschlüsse der Polarisationsweiche mit der betreffenden Frequenzweiche verbinden und aus Hohlleitungen geeigneten Typs für jeweils die gleiche Polarisation der Frequenzbänder bestehen.This object is achieved with an arrangement of the type described at the outset according to the invention by two further directional connections, each associated with a polarization, for a frequency separator arranged spatially away from the polarization separator, and also by two antenna feeds for the frequency bands with the same polarization, which each Connect the two directional connections of the polarization crossover to the relevant crossover network and consist of hollow cables of a suitable type for the same polarization of the frequency bands.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist vorgesehen, daß die Antennenzuleitungen aus breitbandigen Hohlleitungen mit Rechteckquerschnitt (SIRAL-Hohlleiter geeigneten Typs) oder Ovalquerschnitt bestehen, die im eindeutigen und/oder mehrdeutigen Übertragungsbereich betrieben werden und Modenfilter für den mehrdeutigen Übertragungsbereich enthalten.In an advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, it is provided that the antenna feed lines consist of broadband waveguides with a rectangular cross section (SIRAL waveguide of a suitable type) or oval cross section, which are operated in the clear and / or ambiguous transmission range and contain mode filters for the ambiguous transmission range.

Die einzelnen Bauteile bestehen dabei vorteilhafter Weise aus NC-gefrästen Werkstoffen.The individual components advantageously consist of NC-milled materials.

Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.

Die Figur zeigt eine Anordnung zur Übertragung von HF-Signalen zweier Richtfunk-Systeme auf nur einem Hohlleiter für jede Polarisation in einem Blockschaltbild. Dabei ist mit 1 der Anschluß des Antennenerregers, z.B. ein Rundhohlleiter, einer Doppelbandantenne bezeichnet. 2 ist eine breitbandige Polarisationsweiche für die beiden Frequenzbänder der Richtfunk-Systeme. Diese ist über zwei Hohlleitungen 3 für jeweils die gleiche Polarisation beider Frequenzbänder mit jeweils einer Frequenzweiche 4, 5 für jede Polarisation verbunden. Im dargestellten Beispiel ist die Frequenzweiche 4 für die horizontale Polarisation der beiden Frequenzbänder mit den Frequenzen f1 und f2 vorgesehen, die Frequenzweiche 5 für die vertikale Polarisation der entsprechenden Frequenzbänder. Die beiden Hohlleitungen 3 bestehen beispielsweise aus zwei SIRAL-Hohlleitern geeigneten Typs bzw. Querschnitts, die sowohl im eindeutigen als auch im mehrdeutigen Übertragungsbereich, d.h. besonders dämpfungsarm betrieben werden können. SIRAL-Hohlleiter werden bereits mit gutem Erfolg als dämpfungsarme Antennenleitungen im Übertragungsbereich höherer Wellentypen eingesetzt. Mit der vorstehend beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung wird der Hohlleiteraufwand um die Hälfte reduziert, wodurch ein wesentlicher Platzgewinn, zugleich aber auch als weiterer Vorteil eine Materialeinsparung erreicht werden.The figure shows an arrangement for the transmission of RF signals from two microwave systems on only one waveguide for each polarization in a block diagram. The connection of the antenna exciter, e.g. a circular waveguide, called a double band antenna. 2 is a broadband crossover for the two frequency bands of the microwave systems. This is connected via two waveguides 3, each for the same polarization of both frequency bands, with a crossover 4, 5 for each polarization. In the example shown, the crossover 4 is provided for the horizontal polarization of the two frequency bands with the frequencies f1 and f2, the crossover 5 for the vertical polarization of the corresponding frequency bands. The two waveguides 3 consist, for example, of two SIRAL waveguides of a suitable type or cross section, which are used both in the unambiguous and in the ambiguous transmission range, i.e. can be operated with particularly low damping. SIRAL waveguides are already being used with great success as low-loss antenna cables in the transmission range of higher wave types. With the arrangement according to the invention described above, the amount of waveguide is reduced by half, which saves a significant amount of space, but at the same time also saves material as a further advantage.

Claims (3)

  1. Arrangement in waveguide technology for the transmission of directional radio signals in two or more directional-radio frequency bands with dual polarisation, comprising a broadband polarisation diplexer with a first connection which is common to the two or more frequency bands, for connection to the antenna exciter of a dual-band antenna or multi-band antenna, characterised by two further directional connections, which are in each case allocated to one polarisation, for in each case one frequency diplexer (4, 5), which is arranged spatially distant from the polarisation diplexer, and furthermore by two antenna feed lines (3) for the frequency bands having in each case the same polarisation, which connect the two directional connections of the polarisation diplexer (2) to the relevant frequency diplexer (4, 5) and consist of waveguides of a suitable type for in each case the same polarisation of the frequency bands.
  2. Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterised in that the antenna feed lines (3) consist of broadband waveguides with a rectangular cross-section (SIRAL waveguides of a suitable type) or oval cross-section which are operated in the single-valued and/or multi-valued transmission range and contain mode filters for the multi-valued transmission range.
  3. Arrangement according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the individual components consist of NC-milled materials.
EP19860116791 1985-12-06 1986-12-03 Arrangement for the transmission of directional radio-signals in two or more frequency bands Expired - Lifetime EP0224917B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3543243 1985-12-06
DE3543243 1985-12-06

Publications (2)

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EP0224917A1 EP0224917A1 (en) 1987-06-10
EP0224917B1 true EP0224917B1 (en) 1992-03-11

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EP19860116791 Expired - Lifetime EP0224917B1 (en) 1985-12-06 1986-12-03 Arrangement for the transmission of directional radio-signals in two or more frequency bands

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EP (1) EP0224917B1 (en)
AU (1) AU589236B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3684250D1 (en)
FI (1) FI82322C (en)
YU (1) YU201586A (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2618261A1 (en) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-20 Portenseigne Microwave switch and applications
FR2993715B1 (en) * 2012-07-20 2017-03-10 Thales Sa COMPACT RADIOFREQUENCY SOURCE, ANTENNA AND MULTIFACEAL ANTENNA SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH COMPACT SOURCES AND SATELLITE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH ANTENNA
WO2015185150A1 (en) * 2014-06-06 2015-12-10 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) A combined two dual carrier radio link

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1031383B (en) * 1956-04-19 1958-06-04 Philips Nv Device for ventilating a waveguide system
FR2182728B1 (en) * 1972-05-05 1977-03-18 Thomson Csf
DE2517383C3 (en) * 1975-04-19 1979-03-01 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt System crossover for dual use of frequencies
US3999151A (en) * 1975-09-08 1976-12-21 Western Electric Company, Inc. Crossguide hybrid coupler and a commutating hybrid using same to form a channel branching network
US4491810A (en) * 1983-01-28 1985-01-01 Andrew Corporation Multi-port, multi-frequency microwave combiner with overmoded square waveguide section
DE3406641A1 (en) * 1984-02-24 1985-08-29 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang TWO-BAND POLARIZING SWITCH

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Publication number Publication date
AU6614486A (en) 1987-06-11
AU589236B2 (en) 1989-10-05
EP0224917A1 (en) 1987-06-10
YU201586A (en) 1988-12-31
FI82322C (en) 1991-02-11
FI864972A (en) 1987-06-07
DE3684250D1 (en) 1992-04-16
FI82322B (en) 1990-10-31
FI864972A0 (en) 1986-12-05

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