EP0224819B1 - Danger-signalling system - Google Patents

Danger-signalling system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0224819B1
EP0224819B1 EP86116172A EP86116172A EP0224819B1 EP 0224819 B1 EP0224819 B1 EP 0224819B1 EP 86116172 A EP86116172 A EP 86116172A EP 86116172 A EP86116172 A EP 86116172A EP 0224819 B1 EP0224819 B1 EP 0224819B1
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Prior art keywords
line
circuit
alarm
time
signalling
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0224819A1 (en
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Peer Dr.-Ing. Thilo
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
    • G08B26/005—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station with substations connected in series, e.g. cascade

Definitions

  • Such a hazard alarm system is known from DE-PS 25 33 382.
  • a fire alarm system is described there, in which the individual detectors of a detection line according to the so-called pulse detection technology, with the aid of chain synchronization when the detector is queried, each cause a current increase on the relevant detection line in chronological order.
  • a switching transistor is arranged in one of the two wire lines of a signaling line and is operated in one direction.
  • a fault occurs on a signaling line, for example in the form of a line interruption
  • the subsequent detectors of the relevant signaling line can no longer be queried.
  • Such a fault is recognized and displayed in the control center.
  • no alarms from the subsequent detectors can be recognized and reported until the damage has been remedied.
  • Various measures have already been proposed so that any alarms that occur during this time are not lost.
  • One possibility is to design the alarm line as an alarm loop, but this is not readily possible in the case of a hazard alarm system described at the outset, because the individual switching transistors can only be operated in one direction.
  • a second evaluation device In order to query a signaling loop in a signaling system that works on the principle of chain synchronization from the other end, a second evaluation device would have to be provided in the control center and switching measures would also have to be taken to enable the individual detectors to be queried from the other direction . This is complex and very expensive both for the evaluation center and for the individual detectors.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to avoid these disadvantages and to improve a hazard detection system described at the outset with relatively little circuitry such that the functional reliability of the system is ensured even when the signaling line is interrupted and the risk of failure is thus reduced.
  • the time from the application of the interrogation voltage to the occurrence of the line current increase is measured and derived from whether the faulty signal line is at rest or whether an alarm of a detector has occurred, because in the case of an alarm condition the time is shorter than the time of the at rest reporting line.
  • An alarm caused by a detector on the faulty signal line is then displayed as a line alarm. It is not possible to individually identify the detector (s) triggering the alarm if the signal line is interrupted.
  • the line end of each signal line can also be switched between the polling cycles, that is to say in the idle phases, to the evaluation device of the control center and thus to the supply voltage for the signal line, even in the case of trouble-free operation.
  • This has the advantage that the individual detectors can be supplied with an additional supply current in the idle phase. This is particularly advantageous if one or more detectors have gone into the alarm state and then the correspondingly assigned alarm indicators, indicator lamps, have to be supplied with energy.
  • the semiconductor diode can be formed by a zener diode. This has the advantage that the switching transistor is protected against overvoltages during undisturbed operation.
  • the signaling line has two line wires a and b.
  • the controllable switching transistor S1 to S3 is arranged in the second line wire b in each detector.
  • the signal line is connected with its start A to a control center Z, not shown here.
  • the message line ML should be interrupted after the first detector M1. This is marked with a U.
  • the signal line ML is connected with its start A to the control center and with its end E also to the control center and can be switched over from the control center to the control center or evaluation device via a switchover device, as indicated in FIG. 6.
  • each switching transistor S1 to S3 has a diode D1 to D3 connected in parallel in the reverse direction.
  • the report Line ML is interrupted after the first detector M1.
  • the evaluating center recognizes that a signaling line has a fault. This is displayed in the headquarters.
  • the line current IL E measured from the end (E) of the signal line (ML) is plotted against the time t.
  • the interrogation voltage is applied at time TS, a certain current flows for time t R.
  • all detectors here the detectors M2 and M3, after the interruption (U) here the detectors M2 and M3, simultaneously cause a sudden increase in current, namely I2 + I3.
  • the corresponding time t R or t A is also measured. This measured time is shorter if a detector has gone into the alarm state.
  • the time is shortened from the time TS of switching on the signal line for the purpose of the query to the occurrence (time TA) of the current pulse I2 of the alarm-triggering detector M2. This is shown in Fig.5.
  • the line current diagram IL E according to FIG. 5 for the signaling line with the end (E) switched on at the control center shows that after a shorter time t A , that is to say at the time TA, the line current IL E caused by the alarm triggering detector M2 around the value I2 increases. This is recognized and displayed in the evaluation device as an alarm on the relevant message line.
  • the detection line is queried from the other side E, that is to say in the event of a line break, does the current flow through the respective diodes, so that the detectors are supplied with voltage at the same time. Only a detector that has gone into the alarm state causes a current rise earlier, as just explained. In this way it is determined in the control center that at least one detector in the interrupted signal line is in the alarm state.
  • the connection of the signaling loop to the control center is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the control center Z has the connection terminals a and b, to which the message loop is only switched on or switched using the example of a message loop.
  • a switching device US which can be formed, for example, by a relay, is connected to the terminals a and b.
  • About a tax Line SL is controlled from the control center Z from the switchover device US.
  • the signaling loop can be connected to the switchover device US at its start A and at the other end E at the line wires a and b. If the control center Z detects a line interruption (U), the switch US is triggered via the control line SL to switch a and b from the connection side A to the connection side E of the signaling loop.
  • U line interruption

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A danger-signalling system with a central station with an evaluating device exhibits several signal lines having in each case one two-wire line (a,b). To this, a multiplicity of individually identifiable detectors (Mi) having in each case one switching transistor (S1,S2...) are connected in a chain in one of the two wire lines (b). The detectors (Mi) of each signalling line (ML) are cyclically interrogated from the central station (Z) for their respective analog detector measurement values. In the evaluating device, the respective line current (IL) is measured, the detector address and the detector measurement value being determined from the respective time when the line current increases and an alarm or fault message being derived from this. Each signalling line (ML) is constructed as signalling loop and connected with its line end (E) to the central station (Z), in which arrangement the evaluating device can be switched from the line start (A) to the line end (E) of the respective signalling line (ML). In each detector (Mi), a semi- conductor diode (Di) is connected in parallel with the switching transistor (Si) in the reversely polarised direction. In the case of a fault on a signalling line, the evaluating device is connected to the line end (E) and an alarm is detected on the basis of the line current determined and is indicated as line alarm. At the same time, the time from the application (TS) of an interrogating voltage until the occurrence (TR or, respectively, TA) of the line current increase is measured, the time (tA) being shorter with an alarm condition compared with the time (tR) of an idle signalling line. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Gefahrenmeldeanlage mit folgenden Merkmalen:

  • a) an einer Zentrale mit einer Auswerteeinrichtung sind mehrere Meldeleitungen angeschlossen, die jeweils eine Zwei-Draht-Leitung aufweisen;
  • b) an jeder Meldeleitung liegen kettenförmig eine Viel­zahl von einzeln identifizierbaren Meldern, die jeweils einen Schalttransistor in einer der beiden Drahtleitungen aufweisen;
  • c) die Melder jeder Meldeleitung werden von der Zentrale aus zyklisch auf ihre jeweiligen analogen Meldermeßwerte abgefragt, wobei jeder Melder den nachfolgenden Melder entsprechend seinem Meßwert zeitverzögert an die Melde­leitung anschaltet und eine Erhöhung des Linienstroms bewirkt;
  • d) in der Zentrale wird in der Auswerteeinrichtung der jeweilige Linienstrom gemessen, wobei aus dem jeweiligen Zeitpunkt der Erhöhung des Linienstroms die Melderadresse und der Meldermeßwert ermittelt wird und daraus Alarm-­bzw. Störungsmeldungen abgeleitet werden.
The invention relates to a hazard alarm system with the following features:
  • a) several signaling lines are connected to a control center with an evaluation device, each of which has a two-wire line;
  • b) a chain of a plurality of individually identifiable detectors, each with a switching transistor in one of the two wire lines, are connected to each signal line;
  • c) the detectors of each signaling line are queried cyclically from the control center for their respective analog detector measured values, each detector switching on the subsequent detector according to its measured value with a time delay to the signaling line and causing an increase in the line current;
  • d) in the control center, the respective line current is measured, the detector address and the detector measured value being determined from the respective point in time of the increase in the line current and alarm or. Malfunction reports are derived.

Eine derartige Gefahrenmeldeanlage ist aus der DE-PS 25 33 382 bekannt. Dort ist ein Brandmeldesystem be­schrieben, bei dem die einzelnen Melder einer Melde­leitung nach der sogenannten Pulsmeldetechnik mit Hilfe der Kettensynchronisation bei der Melderabfrage in zeit­licher Reihenfolge jeweils einen Stromanstieg auf der betreffenden Meldeleitung bewirken. Zur Weiterschaltung der einzelnen Melder ist in einer der beiden Draht­leitungen einer Meldeleitung ein Durchschalttransistor angeordnet, der in einer Richtung betrieben wird.Such a hazard alarm system is known from DE-PS 25 33 382. A fire alarm system is described there, in which the individual detectors of a detection line according to the so-called pulse detection technology, with the aid of chain synchronization when the detector is queried, each cause a current increase on the relevant detection line in chronological order. For switching on of the individual detectors, a switching transistor is arranged in one of the two wire lines of a signaling line and is operated in one direction.

Tritt auf einer Meldeleitung eine Störung, beispielsweise in Form einer Leitungsunterbrechung, auf, so können die nachfolgenden Melder der betreffenden Meldeleitung nicht mehr abgefragt werden. Eine solche Störung wird in der Zentrale erkannt und angezeigt. Es können dann aber bis zur Behebung des Schadens keine Alarme seitens der nach­folgenden Melder erkannt und gemeldet werden. Damit in dieser Zeit evtl. auftretende Alarme nicht verloren gehen, wurden schon verschiedene Maßnahmen vorgeschlagen. Eine Möglichkeit ist dadurch gegeben, die Meldeleitung als Meldeschleife auszubilden, was aber bei einer eingangs beschriebenen Gefahrenmeldeanlage nicht ohne weiteres möglich ist, weil die einzelnen Durchschalt­transistoren nur in einer Richtung betrieben werden können. Um eine Meldeschleife bei einer Meldeanlage, die nach dem Prinzip der Kettensynchronisation arbeitet, auch vom anderen Ende her abzufragen, müßte in der Zentrale eine zweite Auswerteeinrichtung vorgesehen sein und darüberhinaus Schaltmaßnahmen getroffen werden, die eine Abfrage der einzelnen Melder auch von der anderen Richtung her ermöglicht. Dies ist aufwendig und sehr teuer sowohl für die auswertende Zentrale als auch für die einzelnen Melder.If a fault occurs on a signaling line, for example in the form of a line interruption, the subsequent detectors of the relevant signaling line can no longer be queried. Such a fault is recognized and displayed in the control center. However, no alarms from the subsequent detectors can be recognized and reported until the damage has been remedied. Various measures have already been proposed so that any alarms that occur during this time are not lost. One possibility is to design the alarm line as an alarm loop, but this is not readily possible in the case of a hazard alarm system described at the outset, because the individual switching transistors can only be operated in one direction. In order to query a signaling loop in a signaling system that works on the principle of chain synchronization from the other end, a second evaluation device would have to be provided in the control center and switching measures would also have to be taken to enable the individual detectors to be queried from the other direction . This is complex and very expensive both for the evaluation center and for the individual detectors.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, diese Nachteile zu vermeiden und eine eingangs beschriebene Gefahrenmelde­anlage mit relativ geringem Schaltungsaufwand derart zu verbessern, daß auch bei einer Unterbrechung der Melde­leitung die Funktionssicherheit der Anlage gewährleistet und damit das Ausfallrisiko verringert ist.The object of the invention is therefore to avoid these disadvantages and to improve a hazard detection system described at the outset with relatively little circuitry such that the functional reliability of the system is ensured even when the signaling line is interrupted and the risk of failure is thus reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer oben beschriebenen Gefahrenmeldeanlage erfindungsgemäß durch folgende Merkmale gelöst:

  • e) jede Meldeleitung ist als Meldeschleife ausgebildet und mit ihrem Leitungsende an der Zentrale angeschlossen, wobei die Auswerteeinrichtung vom Leitungsanfang auf das Leitungsende der jeweiligen Meldeleitung umschaltbar ist;
  • f) in jedem Melder ist dem Schalttransistor in Sperr­richtung eine Halbleiterdiode parallel geschaltet.
This object is achieved according to the invention in a hazard alarm system described above by the following features:
  • e) each signaling line is designed as a signaling loop and its line end is connected to the control center, the evaluation device being switchable from the beginning of the line to the line end of the respective signaling line;
  • f) in each detector, a switching diode is connected in parallel to the switching transistor in the reverse direction.

Mit einer als Meldeschleife ausgebildeten Meldeleitung ist es erfindungsgemäß mit geringem schaltungstechnischen Aufwand möglich, nämlich der parallel geschalteten Diode in jedem Melder und einer Umschalteinrichtung in der Zentrale, eine unterbrochene Meldeleitung immer noch auf evtl. auftretende Alarmbedingungen abzufragen. Dabei wird zweckmäßigerweise der Zeitpunkt der Linienstromerhöhung der betreffenden Meldeleitung ermittelt. Das hat den Vorteil, daß mit der vorhandenen Auswerteeinrichtung nach der Umschaltung der abzufragenden Meldeleitung vom Anfang auf das Ende der Meldeleitung in an sich bekannter Weise der Linienstrom gemessen wird. Es wird dabei die Zeit vom Anlegen der Abfragespannung bis zum Auftreten der Linien­stromerhöhung gemessen und daraus abgeleitet, ob die ge­störte Meldeleitung sich in Ruhe befindet oder ob ein Alarm eines Melders aufgetreten ist, denn bei einer Alarmbedingung ist die Zeit kürzer gegenüber der Zeit der in Ruhe befindlichen Meldeleitung. Ein von einem Melder auf der gestörten Meldeleitung verursachter Alarm wird dann als Linienalarm angezeigt. Eine Einzelidentifizie­rung des oder der Alarm auslösenden Melder ist bei einer unterbrochenen Meldeleitung nicht möglich.With a signaling line designed as a signaling loop, it is possible according to the invention with little circuit complexity, namely the diode connected in parallel in each signaling device and a switching device in the control center, to still query an interrupted signaling line for possible alarm conditions. The time of the line current increase of the relevant signaling line is expediently determined. This has the advantage that the line current is measured in a manner known per se with the existing evaluation device after the changeover of the signal line to be queried from the beginning to the end of the signal line. The time from the application of the interrogation voltage to the occurrence of the line current increase is measured and derived from whether the faulty signal line is at rest or whether an alarm of a detector has occurred, because in the case of an alarm condition the time is shorter than the time of the at rest reporting line. An alarm caused by a detector on the faulty signal line is then displayed as a line alarm. It is not possible to individually identify the detector (s) triggering the alarm if the signal line is interrupted.

In einer zweckmäßigen Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann auch im störungsfreien Betrieb das Leitungsende jeder Meldeleitung jeweils zwischen den Abfragezyklen, also in den Ruhephasen, an die Auswerteeinrichtung der Zentrale und damit an die Versorgungsspannung für die Meldeleitung geschaltet werden. Das hat den Vorteil, daß die einzelnen Melder in der Ruhephase mit einem zusätzlichen Versorgungsstrom versorgt werden können. Insbesondere ist dies von Vorteil, wenn ein oder mehrere Melder in den Alarmzustand gegangen sind und dann die entsprechend zugeordneten Alarmindikatoren, Anzeige­lampen, mit Energie versorgt werden müssen.In an expedient development of the invention, the line end of each signal line can also be switched between the polling cycles, that is to say in the idle phases, to the evaluation device of the control center and thus to the supply voltage for the signal line, even in the case of trouble-free operation. This has the advantage that the individual detectors can be supplied with an additional supply current in the idle phase. This is particularly advantageous if one or more detectors have gone into the alarm state and then the correspondingly assigned alarm indicators, indicator lamps, have to be supplied with energy.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann die Halbleiterdiode von einer Zenerdiode gebildet sein. Das hat den Vorteil, daß im ungestörten Betrieb der Schalt­transistor gegen Überspannungen geschützt ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, the semiconductor diode can be formed by a zener diode. This has the advantage that the switching transistor is protected against overvoltages during undisturbed operation.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung im folgenden näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen

  • Fig. 1 schematisch eine bekannte Meldeleitung,
  • Fig. 2 ein Linienstromdiagramm,
  • Fig. 3 eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung,
  • Fig. 4 und 5 Stromdiagramme für den erfindungsgemäßen Betrieb und
  • Fig. 6 schematisch eine Umschalteinrichtung für die Meldeschleife.
Further details of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show
  • 1 schematically shows a known signal line,
  • 2 is a line flow diagram;
  • 3 shows an arrangement according to the invention,
  • 4 and 5 current diagrams for the operation according to the invention and
  • Fig. 6 shows schematically a switching device for the signaling loop.

In Fig.1 ist eine bekannte Meldeleitung ML mit bei­spielsweise drei Meldern M1 bis M3 dargestellt. Die Meldeleitung weist zwei Leitungsadern a und b auf. In der zweiten Leitungsader b ist in jedem Melder der ansteuer­bare Durchschalttransistor S1 bis S3 angeordnet. Die Meldeleitung ist mit ihrem Anfang A an einer hier nicht näher dargestellten Zentrale Z angeschlossen. Ferner ist noch angedeutet, daß die Meldeleitung ML nach dem ersten Melder M1 unterbrochen sein soll. Dies ist mit U gekenn­zeichnet.1 shows a known signal line ML with, for example, three detectors M1 to M3. The signaling line has two line wires a and b. The controllable switching transistor S1 to S3 is arranged in the second line wire b in each detector. The The signal line is connected with its start A to a control center Z, not shown here. Furthermore, it is also indicated that the message line ML should be interrupted after the first detector M1. This is marked with a U.

Fig. 2 zeigt hierfür ein entsprechendes Diagramm des Linienstroms ILA bei der regulären Abfrage von der Zentrale her über den Meldeleitungsanfang A. Mit dem Anliegen der Abfragespannung (symbolisch in Fig.1 ge­kennzeichnet durch plus und minus an der Meldeleitung) fließt ab dem Zeitpunkt TS ein gewisser Strom, der zum Zeitpunkt T1, also nach der Zeit t₁, sprunghaft mit dem Durchschalten des Transistors S1 ansteigt. Dies ist in der Fig. 2 mit I1 gekennzeichnet. Ein weiterer Strom­anstieg nach einer weiteren Zeit kann bei einer Unter­brechung U nicht erfolgen. Im Normalfall, also bei intakter d.h. nicht unterbrochener Meldeleitung würde nach der Zeit t₂ zum Zeitpunkt T2 der Schalttransistor S2 des zweiten Melders M2 durchschalten und damit einen Stromanstieg I2 bewirken. Dies setzt sich mit jedem zusätzlichen Anschalten eines Melders fort. Dies ist lediglich noch für einen dritten Melder M3 mit dem Strom­anstieg I3 zum Zeitpunkt T3 dargestellt.2 shows a corresponding diagram of the line current IL A for the regular query from the control center via the start of the signal line A. When the query voltage (symbolically indicated in FIG. 1 by plus and minus on the signal line) flows from the time TS a certain current, which rises suddenly at the time T1, that is to say after the time t 1, with the switching on of the transistor S1. This is identified by I1 in FIG. 2. A further current rise after a further time cannot take place in the event of an interruption U. In the normal case, that is to say if the signal line is intact, ie not interrupted, the switching transistor S2 of the second detector M2 would switch through after the time t 2 at the time T2 and thus cause a current rise I2. This continues with each additional activation of a detector. This is only shown for a third detector M3 with the current increase I3 at time T3.

In Fig.3 ist nun die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung im Prinzip dargestellt. Die Meldeleitung ML ist mit ihrem Anfang A an der Zentrale und mit ihrem Ende E ebenfalls an der Zentrale angeschlossen und kann über eine Umschalteinrichtung, wie dies in Fig. 6 angedeutet ist, von der Zentrale aus an die Zentrale bzw. Auswerteein­richtung umgeschaltet werden. Erfindungsgemäß ist in jedem Melder, hier lediglich für die Melder M1 bis M3 gezeigt, jedem Schalttransistor S1 bis S3 eine Diode D1 bis D3 in Sperrichtung parallel geschaltet. Die Melde­ leitung ML ist nach dem ersten Melder M1 unterbrochen. Bei der regulären Abfrage der einzelnen Meldeleitungen erkennt die auswertende Zentrale, daß eine Meldeleitung eine Störung aufweist. Dies wird in der Zentrale angezeigt. Es kann jetzt jedoch kein Melder dieser Meldeleitung, der nach der Unterbrechung an der Melde­leitung angeordnet ist, auf seinen Meßwert abgefragt werden, somit können auch keine evtl. auftretenden Alarme erkannt werden, wenn nicht erfindungsgemäß die Melder entsprechend ausgebildet sind und die Abfrage der ge­störten Meldeleitung vom Ende E der Meldeleitung her erfolgt. Ist nun eine Meldeleitung durch eine Unter­brechung gestört, so wird diese von der anderen Seite (E) her abgefragt. Es sei nun angenommen, daß die gestörte Meldeleitung sich in Ruhe befindet, also kein Melder nach der Unterbrechung in den Alarmzustand gegangen ist. Dann ergibt sich ein Stromdiagramm der betreffenden Meldeleitung, wie dies in Fig.4 dargestellt ist.The arrangement according to the invention is now shown in principle in FIG. The signal line ML is connected with its start A to the control center and with its end E also to the control center and can be switched over from the control center to the control center or evaluation device via a switchover device, as indicated in FIG. 6. According to the invention, in each detector, shown here only for the detectors M1 to M3, each switching transistor S1 to S3 has a diode D1 to D3 connected in parallel in the reverse direction. The report Line ML is interrupted after the first detector M1. During the regular polling of the individual signaling lines, the evaluating center recognizes that a signaling line has a fault. This is displayed in the headquarters. However, no detector of this signaling line, which is arranged on the signaling line after the interruption, can now be queried for its measured value, so that any alarms that may occur cannot be detected if the detectors are not designed according to the invention and the faulty signaling line is queried from the end E of the reporting line. If a signal line is interrupted by an interruption, it is queried from the other side (E). It is now assumed that the faulty signal line is at rest, that is to say no detector has gone into the alarm state after the interruption. A current diagram of the relevant signal line then results, as shown in FIG.

In Fig.4 ist über der Zeit t der vom Ende (E) der Meldeleitung (ML) her gemessene Linienstrom ILE aufgetragen. Mit dem Anlegen der Abfragespannung zum Zeitpunkt TS fließt ein gewisser Strom für die Zeit tR. Zum Zeitpunkt TR verursachen sämtliche Melder, hier die Melder M2 und M3, nach der Unterbrechung (U) hier die Melder M2 und M3, gleichzeitig einen sprunghaften Stromanstieg, nämlich I2+I3. Dies wird in der Auswerteeinrichtung nicht nur erkannt, es wird auch die entsprechende Zeit tR bzw. tA gemessen. Diese gemessene Zeit ist kürzer, falls ein Melder in den Alarmzustand gegangen ist. Ist beispielsweise der Melder M2 in den Alarmzustand gegangen, so verkürzt sich die Zeit vom Zeitpunkt TS des Anschaltens der Meldeleitung zum Zwecke der Abfrage bis zum Auftreten (Zeitpunkt TA) des Stromimpulses I2 des alarmauslösenden Melders M2. Dies ist in Fig.5 dargestellt.In FIG. 4, the line current IL E measured from the end (E) of the signal line (ML) is plotted against the time t. When the interrogation voltage is applied at time TS, a certain current flows for time t R. At the time TR, all detectors, here the detectors M2 and M3, after the interruption (U) here the detectors M2 and M3, simultaneously cause a sudden increase in current, namely I2 + I3. This is not only recognized in the evaluation device, the corresponding time t R or t A is also measured. This measured time is shorter if a detector has gone into the alarm state. If, for example, the detector M2 has gone into the alarm state, the time is shortened from the time TS of switching on the signal line for the purpose of the query to the occurrence (time TA) of the current pulse I2 of the alarm-triggering detector M2. This is shown in Fig.5.

Das Linienstromdiagramm ILE gemäß Fig.5 für die Meldeleitung mit dem Ende (E) an der Zentrale ange­schaltet zeigt, daß bereits nach der kürzeren Zeit tA, also zum Zeitpunkt TA, der Linienstrom ILE, verursacht durch den alarmauslösenden Melder M2, um den Wert I2 ansteigt. Dies wird in der Auswerteeinrichtung als Alarm auf der betreffenden Meldeleitung erkannt und angezeigt. Die nicht in Alarmzustand gegangenen Melder bewirken, wenn mehrere vorhanden sind, alle gleichzeitig erst später, nämlich nach der Zeit tR, einen Stromanstieg zum Zeitpunkt TR, der aber im Falle eines Alarms dann nicht mehr von weiterem Interesse ist. Wenn die Melde­leitung von der Zentrale aus von der Seite A her abge­fragt wird, wirken sich die Dioden, die parallel zum Schalttransistor angeordnet sind, nicht aus. Sie haben also bei der regulären Abfrage keine Funktion. Erst wenn erfindungsgemäß von der anderen Seite E die Meldelinie, also im Falle der Leitungsunterbrechung, abgefragt wird, fließt der Strom über die jeweiligen Dioden, so daß die Melder gleichzeitig mit Spannung versorgt werden. Lediglich ein in den Alarmzustand gegangener Melder verursacht bereits früher einen Stromanstieg, wie eben erläutert. Auf diese Weise wird in der Zentrale festge­stellt, daß zumindest ein Melder in der unterbrochenen Meldeleitung im Alarmzustand ist.The line current diagram IL E according to FIG. 5 for the signaling line with the end (E) switched on at the control center shows that after a shorter time t A , that is to say at the time TA, the line current IL E caused by the alarm triggering detector M2 around the value I2 increases. This is recognized and displayed in the evaluation device as an alarm on the relevant message line. The detectors that did not go into alarm state, if there are several, all at the same time later, namely after time t R , cause a current increase at time TR, which, however, is then of no further interest in the event of an alarm. If the signal line is queried from the center from side A, the diodes, which are arranged in parallel to the switching transistor, have no effect. So they have no function in the regular query. Only when, according to the invention, the detection line is queried from the other side E, that is to say in the event of a line break, does the current flow through the respective diodes, so that the detectors are supplied with voltage at the same time. Only a detector that has gone into the alarm state causes a current rise earlier, as just explained. In this way it is determined in the control center that at least one detector in the interrupted signal line is in the alarm state.

In Fig.6 ist schematisch die Anschaltung der Melde­schleife an die Zentrale dargestellt. Die Zentrale Z weist die Anschlußklemmen a und b auf, an die hier nur am Beispiel einer Meldeschleife die Meldeschleife an- bzw. umgeschaltet wird. An den Klemmen a und b ist eine Um­schalteinrichtung US, die beispielsweise von einem Relais gebildet sein kann, angeschlossen. Über eine Steuer­ leitung SL wird von der Zentrale Z aus die Umschalte­einrichtung US angesteuert. Ferner ist an der Umschalt­einrichtung US die Meldeschleife einmal mit ihrem Anfang A und zum anderen mit ihrem Ende E jeweils über die Leitungsadern a und b anschließbar. Erkennt die Zentrale Z eine Leitungsunterbrechung (U), so wird über die Steuerleitung SL der Umschalter US veranlaßt, a und b von der Anschlußseite A auf die Anschlußseite E der Melde­schleife umzuschalten.The connection of the signaling loop to the control center is shown schematically in FIG. The control center Z has the connection terminals a and b, to which the message loop is only switched on or switched using the example of a message loop. A switching device US, which can be formed, for example, by a relay, is connected to the terminals a and b. About a tax Line SL is controlled from the control center Z from the switchover device US. Furthermore, the signaling loop can be connected to the switchover device US at its start A and at the other end E at the line wires a and b. If the control center Z detects a line interruption (U), the switch US is triggered via the control line SL to switch a and b from the connection side A to the connection side E of the signaling loop.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung ist es auch möglich, für einen manchmal von Zulassungsbehörden geforderten Notbetrieb anstelle einer zweiten, sehr aufwendigen Aus­werteeinrichtung eine Notredundanz sicherzustellen, indem die als Schleife ausgebildete Meldeleitung im Störungs­fall und bei entsprechend ausgebildeten Meldern vom anderen Leitungsende her abgefragt wird.With the arrangement according to the invention, it is also possible to ensure emergency redundancy for an emergency operation that is sometimes required by licensing authorities instead of a second, very complex evaluation device, in that the signaling line, which is designed as a loop, is queried from the other end of the line in the event of a fault and with appropriately designed detectors.

Claims (6)

1. Danger-signalling device having the following features:
a) a plurality of annunciation circuits (ML), each of which has a two-wire circuit (a, b), is connected to a control centre (Z) having an evaluation device;
b) connected in the form of a chain to each annunciation circuit (ML) is a multiplicity of individually identifi­able annunciators (Mi), each of which has a switching transistor (S1, S2, ...Si) in one of the two wire circuits (b);
c) the annunciators (Mi) of each annunciation circuit (ML) are interrogated cyclically from the control centre (Z) with reference to their particular analogue annunciator measured value, each annunciator (Mi) connecting the following annunciator (Mi+1) to the annunciation circuit (ML) with a time delay in accordance with its measured value, and effecting an increase in the line current (IL);
d) the particular line current (IL) is measured in the evaluation device in the control centre (Z), the annun­ciator address and the annunciator measured value being determined from the particular instant of the increase in the line current, and alarm and fault annunciations being derived therefrom, characterized by the following features:
e) each annunciation circuit (ML) is constructed as an annunciation loop and is connected with its circuit end (E) to the control centre (Z), it being possible to switch over the evaluation device from the circuit begin­ning (A) to the circuit end (E) of the particular annunciation circuit (ML);
f) in each annunciator (Mi) a semi-conductor diode (Di) is connected in parallel in the reverse direction to the switching transistor (Si).
2. Danger-signalling device according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the case of a fault in an annunciation circuit (ML) the evaluation device is connected to the circuit end (E), and an alarm caused by an annunciator (Mi) is recognized on the basis of the determining line current (ILE), and is displayed as a circuit alarm.
3. Danger-signalling device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the instant of the increase in line current is determined by measuring the time from the application (TS) of an interrogation voltage until the occurrence (TR or TA) of the increase in line current, in the case of an alarm condition the time (tA) being shorter by comparison with the time (tR) of an annunciation circuit in a state of rest.
4. Danger-signalling device according to Claim 1, characterized in that in faultless operation the circuit end (E) of each annunciation circuit (ML) is connected in each case between the interrogation cycles to the evaluation device and thus to the supply voltage.
5. Danger-signalling device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the circuit end (E) of the annun­ciation circuit concerned is connected to the supply voltage only in the case of an alarm.
6. Danger-signalling device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the semi-conductor diode (Di) is constructed as a Zener diode.
EP86116172A 1985-11-26 1986-11-21 Danger-signalling system Expired - Lifetime EP0224819B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86116172T ATE60682T1 (en) 1985-11-26 1986-11-21 EMERGENCY ALERT SYSTEM.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3541770 1985-11-26
DE3541770 1985-11-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0224819A1 EP0224819A1 (en) 1987-06-10
EP0224819B1 true EP0224819B1 (en) 1991-01-30

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EP86116172A Expired - Lifetime EP0224819B1 (en) 1985-11-26 1986-11-21 Danger-signalling system

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EP (1) EP0224819B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE60682T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3677339D1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2664408A1 (en) * 1990-07-04 1992-01-10 Spie Trindel Monitoring and alarm installation
EP0503122B1 (en) * 1991-03-14 1995-12-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for commuting primary leads during faults
GB2484288A (en) 2010-10-04 2012-04-11 Thorn Security Isolator Circuit for detector

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE402660B (en) * 1970-11-12 1978-07-10 Securitas Int Ab FIREPLACE FACILITY
DE2533382C2 (en) * 1975-07-25 1980-07-03 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Method and device for the transmission of measured values in a fire alarm system
US4567471A (en) * 1983-08-08 1986-01-28 Pittway Corporation Monitoring system

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EP0224819A1 (en) 1987-06-10
DE3677339D1 (en) 1991-03-07
ATE60682T1 (en) 1991-02-15

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