EP0224081B1 - Electromagnetic switch apparatus - Google Patents

Electromagnetic switch apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0224081B1
EP0224081B1 EP86115275A EP86115275A EP0224081B1 EP 0224081 B1 EP0224081 B1 EP 0224081B1 EP 86115275 A EP86115275 A EP 86115275A EP 86115275 A EP86115275 A EP 86115275A EP 0224081 B1 EP0224081 B1 EP 0224081B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
magnetic part
mobile
contact carrier
carrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86115275A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0224081A1 (en
Inventor
Kurt Held
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT86115275T priority Critical patent/ATE61153T1/en
Publication of EP0224081A1 publication Critical patent/EP0224081A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0224081B1 publication Critical patent/EP0224081B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/64—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact
    • H01H50/645—Driving arrangements between movable part of magnetic circuit and contact intermediate part making a resilient or flexible connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic switching device with movable contact parts, which are held in a movable contact carrier and form opener and closer contacts with fixed contact parts, the contact carrier being elastically connected to the movable magnetic part.
  • the movable contact parts are designed as springs which are firmly connected at one end to the housing.
  • the other free ends of the springs are fitted with an attached driver for positive guidance of the springs.
  • An additional actuator can reach its end position even with a welded contact in the upper left corner and actuate the other normally open contacts, which is also desirable since the normally open contacts in the upper left part of the relay and the diametrically opposite normally open contacts in the lower right part are connected in series should be.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of strengthening a switching device of the type mentioned above such that the normally closed contact is excluded when the normally closed contact is welded.
  • the drawing shows a perspective view with the omission of the device housing, the basic structure of a switching device according to the invention.
  • the switching device shown in the drawing consists of the non-switching magnetic part 1 with the excitation coil 2, which is fixed in the usual manner in the housing, not shown.
  • the switching or movable magnetic part 3 is connected to the contact bridge support 4 via a bolt 5 and a bracket 6 and a spring 7 according to the invention.
  • the spring 7 is supported on the one hand on the bracket 6 and on the other hand, from a projection 8 of the contact bridge support 4.
  • the contact bridges 10 are held, as is known, via contact pressure springs 11 and interact with the fixed contact parts 12 and 13 as opener and closer contacts.
  • the symbolically represented return pressure springs 14 cause the movable magnetic part with the contact bridge support 4 to be pushed back and the contact bridge 10 with the fixed contact parts 12 to be closed, the contact compression spring 11 being compressed for the normally closed contact, as is shown by the contact arrangement in the upper right window of the contact bridge support 4. If the excitation coil 2 is now excited, the movable magnetic part 3 is moved towards the non-switching magnetic part 1 against the force of the back pressure springs 14. In the normal case, the upper contact bridge 10 comes to rest against the upper boundary of the window 9 and thus lifts the contact bridge 10 from the fixed contact part 12, so that the break contact is opened. After this opening, the lower contact bridge 10 comes into contact with the fixed contact parts 13, as a result of which the closing function is fulfilled.
  • the NC and NO functions must not occur at the same time.
  • the contact bridge 10 welds to the fixed contact parts 12, then the contact bridge 10 in turn comes to rest against the upper limit of the window 9.
  • further movement of the contact bridge carrier 4 is prevented since only the movable magnetic part 3 moves on.
  • the spring 7 is compressed so that the contact bridge 10 with the fixed contact parts 13 is not closed.
  • the spring 7 brings the contact bridge carrier into such a position that the contactor operates as intended.
  • the differential movement between the movable magnetic part 3 and the contact bridge support 4 can be used for a display, for example by actuating a microswitch, which is not shown in the drawing.
  • a welded opener is recognized by the fact that the existing indicator plunger is neither in the on or in the off position after the coil has been excited, but is in a central position.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

An electromagnetic switchgear having movable contact members engagable with respective fixed contact members includes an elastic connection between a movable armature and a contact carrier. The elastic connection enables relative motion between the armature and the contact carrier so that the contact carrier may remain relatively stationary during continued motion of the armature. The elastic connection comprises an appropriately designed coupling spring.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät mit in einem beweglichen Kontaktträger gehaltenen, mit Festkontaktteilen Öffner- und Schließerkontakte bildenden beweglichen Kontaktteilen, wobei der Kontaktträger mit dem beweglichen Magnetteil elastisch verbunden ist.The invention relates to an electromagnetic switching device with movable contact parts, which are held in a movable contact carrier and form opener and closer contacts with fixed contact parts, the contact carrier being elastically connected to the movable magnetic part.

Bei elektromagnetischen Schaltgeräten der obengenannten Art (US-A 3 334 319) ist die Anordnung der Öffner- und Schließerkontakte derart vorgesehen, daß im Normalfall Schließer- und Öffnerkontakte nicht gleichzeitig in Funktion treten, d.h. zwischen der Öffnung des Öffners und dem Schließen des Schliessers sollte ein gewisser Kontaktbrückenträgerweg durchlaufen werden. Verschweißt nun aber beispielsweise der Öffner, so kann es vorkommen, daß sich eine Kontaktbrücke beim Einschalten verbiegt, so daß in diesem Fehlerfall Öffner und Schließer doch gleichzeitig in Funktion treten können, da der Kontaktbrückenträgerweg nicht beliebig groß gewählt werden kann.In electromagnetic switching devices of the above-mentioned type (US-A 3 334 319) the arrangement of the normally closed and normally open contacts is provided in such a way that normally open and normally closed contacts do not function simultaneously, i.e. There should be a certain contact bridge support path between the opening of the opener and the closing of the closer. If, for example, the break contact welds, it can happen that a contact bridge bends when it is switched on, so that in this fault situation the break contact and make contact can function simultaneously, since the contact bridge carrier path cannot be chosen to be as large as desired.

Bei einem weiterhin bekannten Sicherheitsrelais (EP-A-0 l68 058 relevant nach Artikel 54(3) EPÜ) sind die beweglichen Kontaktteile als Federn ausgebildet, die mit dem einen Ende mit dem Gehäuse fest verbunden sind. Die freien anderen Enden der Federn sind mit einem aufgesteckten Mitnehmer zur Zwangsführung der Federn versehen. Ein zusätzlicher Betätiger kann hier auch bei verschweißtem Kontakt in der linken oberen Ecke in seine Endstellung gelangen und die übrigen Schließerkontakte betätigen, was auch gewünscht ist, da die Arbeitskontakte im linken oberen Teil des Relais sowie der diametral gegenüberliegenden Arbeitskontakte im rechten unteren Teil in Serie geschaltet werden sollen.In a safety relay which is also known (EP-A-0 l68 058 relevant according to Article 54 (3) EPC), the movable contact parts are designed as springs which are firmly connected at one end to the housing. The other free ends of the springs are fitted with an attached driver for positive guidance of the springs. An additional actuator can reach its end position even with a welded contact in the upper left corner and actuate the other normally open contacts, which is also desirable since the normally open contacts in the upper left part of the relay and the diametrically opposite normally open contacts in the lower right part are connected in series should be.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schaltgerät der obengenannten Art dahingehend zu ertüchtigen, daß bei verschweißtem Öffnerkontakt das Schließen des Schließers ausgeschlossen ist.The present invention is therefore based on the object of strengthening a switching device of the type mentioned above such that the normally closed contact is excluded when the normally closed contact is welded.

Dies wird auf einfache Weise dadurch erreicht, daß die elastische Verbindung derart vorgenommen ist, daß bei zumindest einem verschweißten Öffnerkontakt eine Weiterbewegung des Kontaktträgers nur bis zur Anlage des verschweißten beweglichen Kontaktteiles am Kontaktträger ohne Betätigung des Schließerkontaktes, die Weiterbewegung des beweglichen Magnetteils jedoch bis zum Auftreffen auf den feststehenden, nichtschaltenden Magnetteil möglich ist.This is achieved in a simple manner in that the elastic connection is made in such a way that with at least one welded normally closed contact, further movement of the contact carrier only until the welded movable contact part rests on the contact carrier without actuation of the normally open contact, but the further movement of the movable magnetic part until it strikes on the fixed, non-switching magnetic part is possible.

Es ist beim Stand der Technik zwar eine elastische Ankopplung zwischen Kontaktträger und Anker vorhanden (DE-GM 84 31 938, DE-AS 11 97 535) jedoch dient diese lediglich zur Anpassung des beweglichen Magnetteiles an den feststehenden Magnetteil und dementsprechend ist auch hier die Feder ausgelegt. Die elastische Verbindung gemäß der Erfindung kann beispielsweise auch durch eine Sollbruchstelle oder durch eine Schnapprastung verwirklicht werden. Zu einer derartigen Ausführung ist jedoch ein relativ hoher Aufwand erforderlich. Dieser Aufwand kann vermieden werden, wenn eine Kopplungsfeder zwischen beweglichem Magnetteil und Kontaktträger vorgesehen ist, deren Vorspannkraft größer als der gesamte Kraftbedarf für Schließerkontakte einschließlich der Kraft der den beweglichen Magnetteil einschließlich des Kontaktträgers rückführenden Rückdruckfeder ist, wobei es weiterhin von Vorteil ist, wenn die Stärke des Kontaktmaterials des Öffnerkontaktes derart groß gewählt ist, daß durch die Kraft der Kopplungsfeder bis zum Auftreffen des beweglichen Magnetteiles auf das feststehende Magnetteil ein Verbiegen der verschweißten beweglichen Kontaktteile und/oder der zugehörigen Festkontaktteile ausgeschlossen ist. Um auch von außen erkennen zu können, daß das elektromagnetische Schaltgerät fehlerhaft geschaltet hat, ist es weiterhin von Vorteil, wenn eine Anzeige des Fehlerfalls durch die Differenzbewegung zwischen beweglichem Magnetteil und Kontaktträger auslösbar ist.Although there is an elastic coupling between the contact carrier and armature in the prior art (DE-GM 84 31 938, DE-AS 11 97 535), this is only used to adapt the movable magnet part to the fixed magnet part and accordingly the spring is also here designed. The elastic connection according to the invention can also be realized, for example, by a predetermined breaking point or by a snap catch. However, a relatively high effort is required for such an embodiment. This effort can be avoided if a coupling spring is provided between the movable magnetic part and the contact carrier, the pretensioning force of which is greater than the total force required for make contacts, including the force of the return spring returning the movable magnetic part including the contact carrier, it being furthermore advantageous if the strength of the contact material of the break contact is chosen so large that bending of the welded movable contact parts and / or the associated fixed contact parts is excluded by the force of the coupling spring until the moving magnetic part hits the fixed magnetic part. In order to be able to recognize from the outside that the electromagnetic switching device has switched incorrectly, it is also advantageous if an indication of the fault can be triggered by the differential movement between the movable magnetic part and the contact carrier.

Die Zeichnung zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung unter Weglassung des Gerätegehäuses den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines Schaltgerätes gemäß der Erfindung. Das in der Zeichnung dargestellte Schaltgerät besteht aus dem nichtschaltenden Magnetteil 1 mit der Erregerspule 2, das in üblicher Weise im nicht dargestellten Gehäuse befestigt ist. Der schaltende oder bewegliche Magnetteil 3 ist mit dem Kontaktbrückenträger 4 über einen Riegel 5 und einen Bügel 6 sowie eine Feder 7 gemäß der Erfindung miteinander verbunden. Die Feder 7 stützt sich einerseits am Bügel 6 und andererseits an einem Vorsprung 8 des Kontaktbrückenträgers 4 ab. In Fenstern 9 des Kontaktbrückenträgers 4 sind die Kontaktbrücken 10 über Kontaktdruckfedern 11, wie bekannt gehalten und wirken mit den Festkontaktteilen 12 bzw. 13 als öffner- bzw. Schließerkontakt zusammen. Die symbolisch dargestellten Rückdruckfedern 14 bewirken das Zurückdrängen des beweglichen Magnetteils mit dem Kontaktbrückenträger 4 und Schließen der Kontaktbrücke 10 mit den Festkontaktteilen 12, wobei die Kontaktdruckfeder 11 für den Öffnerkontakt zusammengedrückt wird, wie dies die Kontaktanordnung im oberen rechten Fenster des Kontaktbrückenträgers 4 zeigt. Wird nun die Erregerspule 2 erregt, so wird das bewegliche Magnetteil 3 entgegen der Kraft der Rückdruckfedern 14 auf den nichtschaltenden Magnetteil 1 zu bewegt. Im Normalfall kommt die obere Kontaktbrücke 10 zur Anlage an der oberen Begrenzung des Fensters 9 und hebt damit die Kontaktbrücke 10 vom feststehenden Kontaktteil 12 ab, so daß der Öffnerkontakt geöffnet wird. Nach dieser Öffnung kommt die untere Kontaktbrücke 10 mit den Festkontaktteilen 13 in Berührung, wodurch die Schliesserfunktion erfüllt wird. Wie bereits erwähnt, darf Öffner und Schließerfunktion nicht gleichzeitig auftreten. Verschweißt jedoch die Kontaktbrücke 10 mit den Festkontaktteilen 12, so kommt die Kontaktbrücke 10 wiederum zur Anlage an der Oberbegrenzung des Fensters 9. Eine Weiterbewegung des Kontaktbrückenträgers 4 wird jedoch verhindert, da sich lediglich der bewegliche Magnetteil 3 weiterbewegt. Bei der Weiterbewegung wird die Feder 7 zusammengedrückt, so daß das Schließen der Kontaktbrücke 10 mit den Festkontaktteilen 13 unterbleibt. Sollte jedoch bei dieser Bewegung die Kontaktbrücke 10 von den Festkontaktteilen 12 abreißen, d.h. die Verschweißung aufbrechen, so holt die Feder 7 den Kontaktbrückenträger in eine derartige Lage, daß das Schütz wie normal vorgesehen arbeitet.The drawing shows a perspective view with the omission of the device housing, the basic structure of a switching device according to the invention. The switching device shown in the drawing consists of the non-switching magnetic part 1 with the excitation coil 2, which is fixed in the usual manner in the housing, not shown. The switching or movable magnetic part 3 is connected to the contact bridge support 4 via a bolt 5 and a bracket 6 and a spring 7 according to the invention. The spring 7 is supported on the one hand on the bracket 6 and on the other hand, from a projection 8 of the contact bridge support 4. In windows 9 of the contact bridge support 4, the contact bridges 10 are held, as is known, via contact pressure springs 11 and interact with the fixed contact parts 12 and 13 as opener and closer contacts. The symbolically represented return pressure springs 14 cause the movable magnetic part with the contact bridge support 4 to be pushed back and the contact bridge 10 with the fixed contact parts 12 to be closed, the contact compression spring 11 being compressed for the normally closed contact, as is shown by the contact arrangement in the upper right window of the contact bridge support 4. If the excitation coil 2 is now excited, the movable magnetic part 3 is moved towards the non-switching magnetic part 1 against the force of the back pressure springs 14. In the normal case, the upper contact bridge 10 comes to rest against the upper boundary of the window 9 and thus lifts the contact bridge 10 from the fixed contact part 12, so that the break contact is opened. After this opening, the lower contact bridge 10 comes into contact with the fixed contact parts 13, as a result of which the closing function is fulfilled. As already mentioned, the NC and NO functions must not occur at the same time. However, if the contact bridge 10 welds to the fixed contact parts 12, then the contact bridge 10 in turn comes to rest against the upper limit of the window 9. However, further movement of the contact bridge carrier 4 is prevented since only the movable magnetic part 3 moves on. During the further movement, the spring 7 is compressed so that the contact bridge 10 with the fixed contact parts 13 is not closed. However, should the contact bridge 10 tear off from the fixed contact parts 12 during this movement, ie break up the welding, the spring 7 brings the contact bridge carrier into such a position that the contactor operates as intended.

Ist eine Anzeige für das Verschweißen der Kontaktbrücke 10 mit den Festkontaktteilen 12 gewünscht, so kann die Differenzbewegung zwischen dem beweglichen Magnetteil 3 und dem Kontaktbrückenträger 4 zu einer Anzeige ausgenutzt werden, beispielsweise durch Betätigen eines Mikroschalters, was in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellt ist. Ein verschweißter Öffner wird daran erkannt, daß sich der vorhandene Anzeigestößel nach dem Erregen der Spule weder in Ein- noch in Aus-Stellung befindet, sondern eine Mittelstellung einnimmt.If a display for welding the contact bridge 10 to the fixed contact parts 12 is desired, the differential movement between the movable magnetic part 3 and the contact bridge support 4 can be used for a display, for example by actuating a microswitch, which is not shown in the drawing. A welded opener is recognized by the fact that the existing indicator plunger is neither in the on or in the off position after the coil has been excited, but is in a central position.

Claims (4)

  1. An electromagnetic switching device with mobile contact parts (10), held in a mobile contact carrier (4), forming with fixed contact parts (12,13) break (10,12) and make contacts (10,13), wherein the contact carrier (4) is elastically connected to the mobile magnetic part (3), characterised in that the elastic connection is undertaken such that with at least one welded break contact (10,12) a further motion of the contact carrier (4) is only possible until the welded mobile contact part (10) comes to rest on the contact carrier (4) without activation of the make contact (10,13), the further motion of the mobile magnetic part (3), however, is possible until striking the stationary, non-connected magnetic part (1).
  2. A switching device according to claim 1, characterised in that a coupling spring (7) between the mobile magnetic part (3) and the contact carrier (4) is provided, the prestressed force of which is greater than the whole force requirement for the make contacts (10,13), including the force of the return spring (14) returning the mobile magnetic part (3), including the contact carrier (4).
  3. A switching device according to claim 2, characterised in that the strength of the contact material of the break contact (10,12) is selected such that through the force of the coupling spring (7) until striking the mobile magnetic part (3) on the stationary magnetic part (1) a bending of the welded mobile contact parts (10) and/or the associated fixed contact parts (12) is excluded.
  4. A switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the display of the error is able to be triggered by the difference motion between the mobile magnetic part (3) and the contact carrier (4).
EP86115275A 1985-11-14 1986-11-04 Electromagnetic switch apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0224081B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86115275T ATE61153T1 (en) 1985-11-14 1986-11-04 ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHING DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3540460 1985-11-14
DE19853540460 DE3540460A1 (en) 1985-11-14 1985-11-14 ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHGEAR

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0224081A1 EP0224081A1 (en) 1987-06-03
EP0224081B1 true EP0224081B1 (en) 1991-02-27

Family

ID=6286011

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86115275A Expired - Lifetime EP0224081B1 (en) 1985-11-14 1986-11-04 Electromagnetic switch apparatus

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4737749A (en)
EP (1) EP0224081B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0777112B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE61153T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3540460A1 (en)
DK (1) DK539686A (en)
ES (1) ES2003929A6 (en)
FI (1) FI863383A (en)
IN (1) IN166446B (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7692522B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2010-04-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for the safe operation of a switching device
US7812696B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2010-10-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for securely operating a switching device
US7872552B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2011-01-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for the secure operation of a switching device
US7978036B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2011-07-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for the secure operation of a switching device

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8811206U1 (en) * 1988-09-05 1988-10-27 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen, De
US5055811A (en) * 1989-11-07 1991-10-08 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Electromagnetic apparatus
DE4435795A1 (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-04-11 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic switching device
DE29604046U1 (en) * 1996-03-05 1996-05-02 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Electromagnetic switching device with positive guidance
DE19648053C1 (en) * 1996-11-20 1998-03-12 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic switching device such as contactor and circuit-breaker
DE19944462C1 (en) * 1999-09-16 2001-05-31 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic switching device
DE102004062269A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-07-13 Siemens Ag Method and device for safe operation of a switching device
DE102007017516B3 (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-04-30 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic switching device e.g. contactor, manufacturing method, involves fixing main coverings in switching chamber, so that main coverings cover main counter contact points and fix separation units in switching chamber
CN103035449B (en) * 2011-09-30 2015-03-11 西门子公司 Pre-contact module in capacitor contactor

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BE540332A (en) * 1954-10-25
US3005890A (en) * 1959-08-20 1961-10-24 Ritepoint Pen And Pencil Compa Solenoid operated switches
US3215800A (en) * 1962-07-02 1965-11-02 Square D Co Electromagnetic relay and contact carrier assembly therefor
US3334319A (en) * 1965-08-20 1967-08-01 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Electro-magnetic contactor
DE1590885A1 (en) * 1965-12-24 1970-12-17 Schaltelektronik Oppach Veb K Elastic suspension of the armature of an electrical contactor
JPS5518012B2 (en) * 1974-02-21 1980-05-15
JPS5636826A (en) * 1979-08-31 1981-04-10 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Switch device for electromagnetic relay
DE3585056D1 (en) * 1984-07-13 1992-02-13 Euro Matsushita Electric Works SAFETY RELAY.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7692522B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2010-04-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for the safe operation of a switching device
US7812696B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2010-10-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for securely operating a switching device
US7872552B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2011-01-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for the secure operation of a switching device
US7978036B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2011-07-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for the secure operation of a switching device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3677718D1 (en) 1991-04-04
EP0224081A1 (en) 1987-06-03
US4737749A (en) 1988-04-12
ES2003929A6 (en) 1988-12-01
JPS62119829A (en) 1987-06-01
DK539686D0 (en) 1986-11-12
DK539686A (en) 1987-05-15
ATE61153T1 (en) 1991-03-15
JPH0777112B2 (en) 1995-08-16
IN166446B (en) 1990-05-12
FI863383A0 (en) 1986-08-21
DE3540460A1 (en) 1987-05-21
FI863383A (en) 1987-05-15

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