EP0222803B1 - Hydraulic classifying procedure and means - Google Patents

Hydraulic classifying procedure and means Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0222803B1
EP0222803B1 EP19860902838 EP86902838A EP0222803B1 EP 0222803 B1 EP0222803 B1 EP 0222803B1 EP 19860902838 EP19860902838 EP 19860902838 EP 86902838 A EP86902838 A EP 86902838A EP 0222803 B1 EP0222803 B1 EP 0222803B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
classifying
centrifugal field
coarse product
space
gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19860902838
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0222803A1 (en
Inventor
Pertti Ovaskainen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Outotec Filters Oy
Original Assignee
Larox Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Larox Oyj filed Critical Larox Oyj
Priority to AT86902838T priority Critical patent/ATE46834T1/de
Publication of EP0222803A1 publication Critical patent/EP0222803A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0222803B1 publication Critical patent/EP0222803B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B04C5/18—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations with auxiliary fluid assisting discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks

Definitions

  • a hydraulic classifying procedure wherein particulate material transported by a liquid is divided in a centrifugal field established in a cylindrical, substantially vertical classifying space into a fines product consisting of lighter particles, this product becoming separated in the centre of the centrifugal field, and a coarse product consisting of heavier particles, which is separated on the outer margin of the centrifugal field and descends in a spiralling flow conforming to the margin of the field, to the lower end of the classifying space.
  • the commonest means employed towards hydraulic classification of particulate material is the hydrocyclone, usually consisting of a cylindrical upper part and a conical lower part.
  • the hydrocyclone divides the material to be classified into a fines product, which is removed through the top end of the cyclone, and a coarse product, which is removed from the lower end of the cyclone, i.e. through an aperture at the tip of the conical lower part.
  • cyclones with level bottom have been used, in which separation of the fines and coarse products and their departure take place in substantially like manner.
  • classifying means are known in which the coarse product is removed tangentially with the aid of a passage commencing on the periphery or at the bottom of the means.
  • the classifying carried out with said means of prior art is encumbered by the drawback that the coarse product is removed by a liquid classifying fluid among which there is also finely divided matter contained in the material that is being classified and which, ideally should end up among the fines product. Finely divided matter is removed along with the coarse product in at least equal proportion as classifying fluid is removed, in other words, the more such matter is removed the higher is thus the ratio of coarse and fine product quantities.
  • the separation sharpness of classification carried out with means of prior art that is the proportion of particles smaller than a given limit size contained in the material being classified which are successfully separated to form the fines product, is typically only about 50 %, and occasionally it is even less than 40 %.
  • the separator according to the US patent No 2 799 208 comprises a circumferential, gradually deepening groove which leads to a transfer passage forming an outlet channel for the slurry which is being separate.
  • An extra liquid flow is fed through a nozzle to one point in the circumferential groove, so that the extra liquid is mixed with the slurry travelling along the groove to the outlet channel.
  • the US patent No 2 927 693 shows a separating apparatus which is provided with an inlet to supply water which is used to elutriate the material under separation. The material is then passed through an annular gap to an outlet.
  • the object of the present invention is to devise a hydraulic classifying procedure in which the abovementioned drawbacks of the state of art are avoided and by which is obtained better separation sharpness than before, and controllability of the classifying process.
  • the procedure of the invention is characterized in that the coarse product is transported through an annular through-flow gap surrounding a substantially round closing member positioned at the lower end of the classifying space, and in that a separate liquid flow is introduced tangentially in relation to the centrifugal field to said gap, the coarse product as passed through said annular gap being removed by said separate liquid flow.
  • the centrifugal field can be boosted with said liquid flow so that the coarse product is caused to separate at a sufficient rate even in those instances in which the limiting size between the fines and coarse products is small.
  • a secondary classification step has been created in the region of the annular gap, its operation being based on the fact that the velocity and direction, in the gap, of the separate liquid flow supplied tangentially in relation to the centrifugal field determine that particle size of which the removal as coarse product, enforced by the centrifugal field, is possible. Since the coarse product has not yet, at this stage, finally departed from the first classifying step taking place in the classifying space proper, said secondary classification influences the separation limit in such way that particles finer than the limit size which have been entrained will return to the classifying space, and by this route further to join the fines product. If the coarse product were brought into contact with the separate liquid flow removing it, only after it has departed from the classifying space proper, the result would merely be dilution of the coarse product flow.
  • An embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the coarse product is separated from said liquid flow in a hydrocyclone where after the liquid is returned to the classifying process to serve as fluid medium in the classification taking place in the centrifugal field.
  • the invention also concerns a means for hydraulic classification of particulate material by the procedure described above.
  • the means comprises, as elements known in themselves a cylindrical, substantially vertical classifying space in which a centrifugal field can be established; a supply passage for conducting the material to be classified and the liquid serving as fluid medium into the classifying space; and removal apertures for removing the fines product consisting of lighter particles, which separate to the centre of the classifying space, and the coarse product consisting of heavier particles, which separate on the outer margin of the classifying space and further in the form of a spiralling, descending flow in the lower part of the classifying space.
  • the means is characterized in that the coarse product removal aperture consists of an annular gap at the lower end of the classifying space, said gap being defined by a substantially round closing member positioned so that the gap is surrounding the closing member, and that said means further comprise a fluid in-feed passage tangential to the centrifugal field and connected to a chamber below to said annular gap and for the removal of the coarse product with the use of a separate liquid flow conducted through said passage and running tangentially in relation to said gap.
  • a hydraulic classifying apparatus which divides particulate material composed of various-sized particles and transported by a liquid, such as water for instance, into a fines product consisting of lighter particles and a coarse product consisting of heavier particles.
  • This classification takes place in a vertical, cylindrical classifying space 1 in a centrifugal field created by the tangential supply of material to be classified and of liquid serving as fluid medium, this centrifugal field separating the fines product to reside in the centre of the classifying space and the coarse product to its outer margin.
  • the material to be classified and the fluid are in spiralling rotary motion in the classifying space 1, this motion lifting in the centre of the space the fines product to the removal aperture 2 located close to the upper end of said space, and on the outer margin of the space by gravity action urging the coarse product to the coarse product removal aperture 3 in the lower part of said space.
  • the apparatus of Figs 1 and 2 comprises on the side of the cylindrical classifying space 1, as essential components, a feed passage 4 for material to be classified and for fluid medium, tangentially connecting with the upper end of the classifying space; a passage 5 for removing fines product and fluid conducting same, commencing at the removal aperture 2; a round closing plate 6 in the lower part of the classifying space, this plate confining the coarse product removal aperture to be an annular gap 3 between this plate and the cylindrical wall of the classifying space; and horizontal passages 7a, 7b connecting tangentially with the lower end of the classifying space for removal of the coarse product that has passed through the gap, with the aid of a separate liquid flow which runs tangentially to said gap.
  • the liquid flow coming through the passage 7a is supplied through the aperture 9a into the lower end of the classifying space, immediately under the annular gap 3, where it is set in spiralling motion conforming to the outer margin of said space and which is a direct continuation of the spiralling motion present higher up, in the classifying space 1 proper, and it departs by the aperture 9b into the passage 7b.
  • the passage 7a has been provided with a control valve, indicated in Fig. 1 with reference numeral 8.
  • the liquid flow departing by the passage 7b transports the coarse product to a hydrocyclone 10, where the coarse product is separated to go to the removal aperture 11 at the conical end of the cyclone and the liquid, to the vertical removal passage 12 commencing in the upper part of the cyclone.
  • Fig. 3 is depicted an embodiment of the classifying apparatus which differs from that of Fig. 1 in the respect that the lower part 13 of the cylindrical classifying space 1 has been enlarged and on the boundary 15 between the wider lower part of the space and the narrower part 14 thereabove has been disposed a conical, vertically movable closing member 16.
  • the size of the annular coarse product removal aperture 3 between the closing member 16 and the classifying space 3 can be regulated in this embodiment with the aid of the positioning of said closing member.
  • the removal of the coarse product through the passage 7 with the aid of a liquid flow conducted tangentially in relation to the classifying space 1 and not participating in the classifying process prevents any finely divided material, which belongs to the fines product, from being entrained with the coarse product.
  • the liquid flow can be regulated by means of the control valve 8 in said passage, and the flow can be arranged to be such, for instance, that it takes care alone by itself of the coarse product removal, whereby the fluid coming into the classifying space 1 together with the material to be classified will in its entirety depart along with the fines product and there will be no fluid medium flow in one direction nor in the other at the coarse product removal aperture 3.
  • Fig. 4 is presented a solid material grinding circuit comprising a classifying space 1 and a separator cyclone 10, which may both be as illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • the material consisting in part of not previously processed material (reference numeral 17) and in part of coarse product separated by the hydrocyclone 10 (reference numeral 11) is ground in the mill 18, and after grinding, the material is mixed together with water obtained from the cyclone 10 and it is fed by the aid of the pump 19, tangentially, into the centrifugal field in the classifying space 1.

Landscapes

  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
EP19860902838 1985-05-03 1986-05-05 Hydraulic classifying procedure and means Expired EP0222803B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86902838T ATE46834T1 (de) 1985-05-03 1986-05-05 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur hydraulischen sichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI851763A FI80837C (fi) 1985-05-03 1985-05-03 Hydrauliskt klassifiseringsfoerfarande och -anordning.
FI851763 1985-05-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0222803A1 EP0222803A1 (en) 1987-05-27
EP0222803B1 true EP0222803B1 (en) 1989-10-04

Family

ID=8520770

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860902838 Expired EP0222803B1 (en) 1985-05-03 1986-05-05 Hydraulic classifying procedure and means

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0222803B1 (fi)
JP (1) JPS62502735A (fi)
AU (1) AU596592B2 (fi)
DE (1) DE3665996D1 (fi)
DK (1) DK163644C (fi)
FI (1) FI80837C (fi)
HU (1) HU198405B (fi)
WO (1) WO1986006653A1 (fi)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8630999D0 (en) * 1986-12-30 1987-02-04 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Separation of granular solid material
JPH0525717Y2 (fi) * 1987-04-06 1993-06-29
SE469279C (sv) * 1988-07-08 1997-10-20 Nils Anders Lennart Wikdahl Sätt och anordning för att befria en fibersuspension från lätta föroreningar
US4927536A (en) * 1989-03-21 1990-05-22 Amoco Corporation Hydrocyclone separation system
US5180486A (en) * 1989-11-28 1993-01-19 Lsr Environmental Systems Company Potential flow centrifugal separator system for removing solid particulates from a fluid stream
US6530484B1 (en) * 1999-11-18 2003-03-11 Multotec Process Equipment (Proprietary) Ltd. Dense medium cyclone separator
EP1558352B1 (en) * 2002-07-22 2010-09-29 MBA Polymers, Inc. Controlling media particle size in slurried dense media separations
JP2005262080A (ja) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-29 Fukuma Manabu サイクロン装置、この装置に用いられる予備旋回部及びこの装置を備えてなる粉塵除去装置並びに自動車
ITGE20110049A1 (it) * 2011-04-28 2012-10-29 Ecomin S R L Metodo e apparecchiatura per la separazione di particelle
WO2013186751A1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Multotec Process Equipment (Pty) Limited Centrifugal separator arrangement and method
CN106269315B (zh) * 2016-08-12 2019-01-01 华东理工大学 进口颗粒排序型旋流器
CN106076672A (zh) * 2016-08-12 2016-11-09 华东理工大学 气流式多产品微细颗粒排序分级器
CN109277212A (zh) * 2018-11-25 2019-01-29 威海市海王旋流器有限公司 一种带在线调节功能的三产品旋流器一段底流排料装置
CN114260108B (zh) * 2021-12-27 2023-12-05 华北理工大学 一种多入口异形旋流器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2799208A (en) * 1955-04-29 1957-07-16 Scott Harold Eric Baliol Vortex type separators
BE544291A (fi) * 1955-03-10 1900-01-01 Horace Freeman
CA954564A (en) * 1972-01-12 1974-09-10 Anthony R. Barringer Method and apparatus for transferrig particles from one fluid stream into another
GB8327218D0 (en) * 1983-10-12 1983-11-16 Beloit Corp Reject handling in cyclones &c

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3665996D1 (en) 1989-11-09
FI851763L (fi) 1986-11-04
DK163644B (da) 1992-03-23
HUT45925A (en) 1988-09-28
JPS62502735A (ja) 1987-10-22
DK614886A (da) 1987-01-23
EP0222803A1 (en) 1987-05-27
FI851763A0 (fi) 1985-05-03
AU596592B2 (en) 1990-05-10
DK614886D0 (da) 1986-12-18
AU5864886A (en) 1986-12-04
FI80837B (fi) 1990-04-30
WO1986006653A1 (en) 1986-11-20
FI80837C (fi) 1990-08-10
HU198405B (en) 1989-10-30
DK163644C (da) 1992-08-17

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