EP0221469B1 - Device for generating would-be targets, especially on ships - Google Patents

Device for generating would-be targets, especially on ships Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0221469B1
EP0221469B1 EP86114780A EP86114780A EP0221469B1 EP 0221469 B1 EP0221469 B1 EP 0221469B1 EP 86114780 A EP86114780 A EP 86114780A EP 86114780 A EP86114780 A EP 86114780A EP 0221469 B1 EP0221469 B1 EP 0221469B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
equipment according
projectors
vehicles
water
radar
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EP86114780A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0221469A1 (en
Inventor
Uwe Folgmann
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ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
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Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63GOFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G13/00Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G13/02Camouflage
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41HARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for false target generation and camouflage, in particular on ships, to complicate or prevent position determination in the case of external location by means of radar and / or heat measurement, such as. B. infrared measurement.
  • dummy target material e.g. B. to shoot from a ship to complicate the foreign location.
  • the dummy target material consists either of metallic materials (dowels), which cause reflection of the electromagnetic radiation in the radar range, or of so-called infrared flares with heat-emitting substances, which can be measured using heat measuring devices, e.g. B. IR locators are perceptible.
  • This known deception system is only suitable for creating a false target, but cannot be used for the radar and IR camouflage of the ship itself.
  • the disadvantage is that camouflage of such a ship is not achieved despite IR-shielded exhaust gases and that the ship can be located perfectly and with sharp contours by radar.
  • Another method described in DE-A 3 217 336 is intended to produce a closed water curtain in the form of a coherent film which can be located.
  • the contours of a ship can become invisible with such a water curtain, but the reflection of the order rays on the water curtain is registered almost as much as on the object itself. Radar measurements of the ship to be camouflaged are no longer possible with a water curtain. So the ship goes blind. However, if the radar mast protrudes beyond the water curtain, it is sufficient as a marker for the target.
  • a water curtain requires a very large amount of water. It is practically impossible to completely encase a ship, for example to protect it from localization. Operation over a longer period is not intended.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy the disadvantages described above in known devices and to provide a device which is relatively simple and works only with a means which is available at any time in unlimited quantities and is environmentally friendly. The use of expensive, different and environmentally harmful means should be avoided. Furthermore, the further task is to create a uniform device with only one means, with which both electromagnetically acting and heat-emitting false targets can be generated, and, if necessary, IR shielding can also be achieved without an additional device.
  • a ship equipped according to the invention is able, for. B. with ESM alarm almost free of distortion with the liquid mist-producing throwers to generate finely nebulized water clouds with small and tiny drops in such a density that appear as separate targets in radar location, which makes target acquisition of the real target difficult.
  • a continuous water mist generation due to the inexhaustible amount of the apparent mock target, namely water, with a corresponding performance of the thrower a large-area water mist cloud can be achieved, which is larger than the ship to be located, so that the deception and camouflage by blurring the contours even more effectively is.
  • the present invention exploits the knowledge of radar application in meteorology. For example, from the book “Radar and radio navigation", 1973 edition, Vogel-Verlag, Würzburg, para. 1.9.3. known that radar measurements at greater distances are affected by cloud absorption and scattering and raindrops, and that clouds are detected at distances of several hundred kilometers, especially when they start to rain. It has also been found that tracking radars are used more successfully to determine air movements.
  • the invention is based on the idea of producing artificial water mist clouds in order to use them for camouflaging ships.
  • a variety of surprising, unforeseen effects were shown, u. a. that in the production of water mist clouds of fine and very fine drops and a variable density by pressure control at the atomizing nozzles a more or less desired reflection of the radar waves of different frequencies can be achieved.
  • water fog clouds of high density - comparable to heavy rain - z. B. achieved a desired strong reflection, which in turn scattered reflections z by the spherical shape of the precipitation particles. B. cause waves and when returning to the antenna can lead to the desired measurement distortion at the opponent.
  • the dummy target display for IR location using warm water possibly with the addition of an environmentally friendly alkali metal, e.g. B. sodium, for increasing the temperature in the water mist cloud can be carried out simply and effectively.
  • an environmentally friendly alkali metal e.g. B. sodium
  • a ship 1 is shown from the front view, on which - shown schematically - a launcher 2 can be seen on the starboard side.
  • the ejection axis 3 is raised from the horizontal 4 by the angle alpha, the thrower reaching the maximum throw distance at an angle of approximately 45 ° , taking into account the wind direction 5 and speed, and producing a water mist cloud 6 far from the ship 1.
  • a relatively elongated water mist cloud 6 is generated as an apparent target, which apparently moves with the wind as a large target in direction 7 across the course of the ship 1.
  • further water mist clouds 8 can be generated, whereby the impression that several objects are moving in the direction 7 can be obtained upon location.
  • target detection e.g. B. narrow, up to wide, elongated water mist clouds.
  • target detection e.g. B. narrow, up to wide, elongated water mist clouds.
  • a reservoir e.g. B. heated in a pressure tank, not shown, below deck, from which the pumps of the thrower are fed.
  • heat generating chemicals can be added to the medium in such a reservoir, e.g. B. an alkali metal such as sodium or electromagnetic reflecting additives, for. B. a suitable metal powder.
  • a launcher 9 is shown on the port side and is directed upwards from the horizontal 4 at an angle 10. This representation is intended to show how. B. an IR shield, e.g. B. the exhaust gases 11 can be made.
  • the medium producing liquid mist is first expelled on the windward side in approximately vertical direction 12 by the launcher 9.
  • the discharge angle 10 and the discharge pressure are adapted to the wind speed from the direction 5 in such a way that a mist vane 13 wraps around the upper region of the chimney 14 and envelops and cools the exhaust gases 11 escaping from it.
  • the fog flag 13 can be controlled such that, for. B. if necessary, the antennas, for. B the radar antenna 15 protrude from the fog flag 13 and the damping influence on the emitted radar radiation is reduced to a minimum.
  • water mist clouds 16 can be generated against the wind direction 5 by further launchers arranged on the port side, in order to possibly cover further heat-radiating surfaces of the ship on the port side.
  • additional launchers 17 and 18 are expediently arranged on the bow and stern of the ship, so that a contour-blurring apparent target display or IR shielding can be achieved in the event of external location.
  • the turrets arranged around the ship can also consist of turret tubes that can be controlled in terms of direction, height and pressure, which can be fed from a common pressure reservoir, whereby any selection and number of turret tubes can be activated, depending on the tactical requirements.
  • the function of the thrower can either manually or automatically by an electronic control such. B. switchable ESM alarm.
  • the water mist clouds remain for a certain time.
  • suitable, possibly also adjustable nozzles of the water cannons the density of the cloud and the floating time of the droplets or particles can be influenced, taking into account the weather conditions.
  • the device is also advantageous for camouflage purposes or target deception on fixed objects, e.g. B. bridges, floating bridges, ammunition depots and fuel stores, but also on endangered land vehicles, e.g. B. tanks, ammunition and tank vehicles can be used.
  • fixed objects e.g. B. bridges, floating bridges, ammunition depots and fuel stores
  • endangered land vehicles e.g. B. tanks, ammunition and tank vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung für Scheinzielerzeugung und Tarnung, insbesondere an Schiffen, zur Erschwerung bzw. Verhinderung der Positionsbestimmung bei Fremdortung mittels Radar und/oder Wärmemessung, wie z. B. Infrarotmessung.The invention relates to a device for false target generation and camouflage, in particular on ships, to complicate or prevent position determination in the case of external location by means of radar and / or heat measurement, such as. B. infrared measurement.

Es ist aus der CH.-Z. "Internationale Wehrrevue" 8/1978, Seite 1307-1308, bekannt, Scheinzielmaterial, z. B. von einem Schiff zu verschießen, um die Fremdortung zu erschweren. Das Scheinzielmaterial besteht entweder aus metallischen Materialien (Dübbel), die eine Reflektion der elektromagnetischen Strahlung im Radarbereich bewirken oder aus sogenannten Infrarotfackeln mit wärmeabstrahlenden Substanzen, die mittels Wärmemeßgeräten, z. B. IR-Ortungsgeräten, wahrnehmbar sind. Dieses bekannte Täuschsystem ist lediglich für eine Scheinzielerzeugung geeignet, nicht aber für die Radar- und IR-Tarnung des Schiffes selbst verwendbar.It is from the CH.-Z. "Internationale Wehrrevue" 8/1978, page 1307-1308, known, dummy target material, e.g. B. to shoot from a ship to complicate the foreign location. The dummy target material consists either of metallic materials (dowels), which cause reflection of the electromagnetic radiation in the radar range, or of so-called infrared flares with heat-emitting substances, which can be measured using heat measuring devices, e.g. B. IR locators are perceptible. This known deception system is only suitable for creating a false target, but cannot be used for the radar and IR camouflage of the ship itself.

Für die unterschiedlichen Ortungsverfahren über die Wärmeabstrahlung und über die Reflektion eletromagnetischer Wellen im Radarspektrum sind bisher unterschiedliche Mittel für die Scheinzielerzeugung erforderlich, die sehr teuer sind und einen hohen technischen Aufwand aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Wirkungsweise erfordern und darüber hinaus eine kurze Standzeit und Wirkung haben. Ferner besitzen derartige bekannte Munitionsarten nur eine begrenzte Lagerfähigkeit und müssen in Abständen von ca. 2 bis 3 Jahren ersetzt werden. So ist z. B. der DE-PS 29 34 974 zu entnehmen, daß allein für eine IR-Abschirmung der Motorabgase aufwendige Konstruktionen im oberen Bereich des Schornsteins erforderlich sind, um mittels Zuführung von Kühlluft, gegebenenfalls mit Hilfe von Wasserzusatzdüsen, die Temperatur des Abgasstromes zu senken.For the different location methods via the heat radiation and via the reflection of electromagnetic waves in the radar spectrum, different means for the dummy target generation have so far been required, which are very expensive and require a high technical outlay due to the different mode of operation and, moreover, have a short service life and effect. Furthermore, such known types of ammunition have only a limited shelf life and must be replaced at intervals of approximately 2 to 3 years. So z. B. DE-PS 29 34 974 that only for IR shielding of the engine exhaust complex constructions are required in the upper part of the chimney in order to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas stream by supplying cooling air, optionally with the aid of water addition nozzles.

Wenn bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung die IR-Abschirmung auch perfekt sein dürfte, so ist der Nachteil darin zu sehen, daß eine Tarnung eines solchen Schiffes trotz IR-abgeschirmter Abgase nicht erreicht wird und das Schiff durch Radar einwandfrei und konturenscharf zu orten bleibt.If, in this known device, the IR shielding should also be perfect, the disadvantage is that camouflage of such a ship is not achieved despite IR-shielded exhaust gases and that the ship can be located perfectly and with sharp contours by radar.

Durch die DE-A 29 11 639 ist ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Wärmestrahlen emittierenden Aerosolwolke durch bordfest installierte Zerstäubungsdüsen bekannt. Dieses Verfahren ist nicht für eine Radarscheinzielerzeugung und auch nicht für die Tarnung des Schiffes selbst geeignet. Außerdem ist die Verwendung von Aerosol umweltschädlich, teuer, und Aerosol ist nur in begrenzter Menge auf dem Schiff verfügbar.From DE-A 29 11 639 a method for generating a heat radiation emitting aerosol cloud by means of on-board atomization nozzles is known. This method is not suitable for generating a radar certificate or for camouflaging the ship itself. In addition, the use of aerosol is environmentally harmful, expensive, and only a limited amount of aerosol is available on the ship.

Bei allen bekannten Scheinzielmitteln, die sowohl auf Wärmemessung als auch auf elekromagnetische Strahlung reagieren, besteht der Nachteil darin, daß trotz der Zielvervielfachung durch die Scheinziele das zu tarnende Schiff konturenscharf zu orten ist.The disadvantage of all known dummy target means that react both to heat measurement and to electromagnetic radiation is that, despite the multiplication of targets by the dummy targets, the ship to be camouflaged can be located with sharp contours.

Durch ein weiteres in der DE-A 3 217 336 beschriebenes Verfahren soll ein geschlossener Wasservorhang in Form eines zusammenhängenden Films erzeugt werden, der sich orten läßt. Die Konturen eines Schiffes können zwar durch einen derartigen Wasservorhang unsichtbar werden, aber die Reflektion der Ordnungsstrahlen an dem Wasservorhang wird fast ebenso registriert wie an dem Objekt selbst. Durch einen Wasservorhang sind Radarmessungen des zu tarnenden Schiffes nicht mehr möglich. Das Schiff wird also blind. Ragt aber der Radarmast über den Wasservorhang hinaus, so reicht er als Markierung für das Ziel aus. Ein Wasservorhang benötigt eine sehr große Wassermenge. Eine vollständige Einhüllung eines Schiffes, beispielsweise auch zum Schutz gegen Ortung von oben, ist praktisch unmöglich. Ein Betrieb über einen längeren Zeitraum ist nicht vorgesehen.Another method described in DE-A 3 217 336 is intended to produce a closed water curtain in the form of a coherent film which can be located. The contours of a ship can become invisible with such a water curtain, but the reflection of the order rays on the water curtain is registered almost as much as on the object itself. Radar measurements of the ship to be camouflaged are no longer possible with a water curtain. So the ship goes blind. However, if the radar mast protrudes beyond the water curtain, it is sufficient as a marker for the target. A water curtain requires a very large amount of water. It is practically impossible to completely encase a ship, for example to protect it from localization. Operation over a longer period is not intended.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die vorbeschriebenen Nachteile bei bekannten Einrichtungen zu beheben und eine Einrichtung zu schaffen, die relativ einfach ist und nur mit einem Mittel arbeitet, das jederzeit in unbegrenzter Menge verfügbar und umweltfreundlich ist. Dabei soll auf die Verwendung teurer, unterschiedlicher und umweltschädlicher Mittel verzichtet werden. Ferner besteht die weitere Aufgabe darin, eine einheitliche Einrichtung mit nur einem Mittel zu schaffen, mit der sowohl elektromagnetisch wirkende als auch wärmeabstrahlende Scheinziele erzeugbar sind, sowie im Bedarfsfall auch eine IR-Abschirmung ohne zusätzliche Vorrichtung erzielt werden kann.The object of the invention is to remedy the disadvantages described above in known devices and to provide a device which is relatively simple and works only with a means which is available at any time in unlimited quantities and is environmentally friendly. The use of expensive, different and environmentally harmful means should be avoided. Furthermore, the further task is to create a uniform device with only one means, with which both electromagnetically acting and heat-emitting false targets can be generated, and, if necessary, IR shielding can also be achieved without an additional device.

Die gestellten Aufgaben werden nach der Erfindung durch die in den Patentansprüchen angegebenen Mittel und Maßnahmen gelöst, wonach als Medium für die Erzeugung von Scheinzielen und zur Tarnung insbesondere Wasser verwendet wird, das mittels Wasserwerfern als ein aus feinen Tröpfchen bestehender Wassernebel versprüht wird.The objects are achieved according to the invention by the means and measures specified in the claims, according to which water is used as a medium for the production of false targets and for camouflage, which is sprayed by means of water cannons as a water droplet consisting of fine droplets.

Ein nach der Erfindung ausgestattetes Schiff ist in der Lage, z. B. bei ESM-Alarm fast verzugsfrei mit den Flüssigkeitsnebel erzeugenden Werfern fein vernebelte Wasserwolken mit kleinen und kleinsten Tropfen in einer derartigen Dichte zu erzeugen, die bei Radar-Ortung als separate Ziele erscheinen, wodurch die Zielerfassung des wirklichen Zieles erschwert wird. Dabei kann darüber hinaus durch eine kontinuierliche Wassernebelerzeugung aufgrund der unerschöpflichen Menge des vorhandenen Scheinzielmittels, nämlich Wasser, bei entsprechender Leistung der Werfer eine großflächige Wassernebelwolke erzielt werden, die größer ist als das zu ortende Schiff, so daß dadurch die Täuschung und Tarnung durch Konturenverwischung noch wirksamer ist.A ship equipped according to the invention is able, for. B. with ESM alarm almost free of distortion with the liquid mist-producing throwers to generate finely nebulized water clouds with small and tiny drops in such a density that appear as separate targets in radar location, which makes target acquisition of the real target difficult. In addition, a continuous water mist generation due to the inexhaustible amount of the apparent mock target, namely water, with a corresponding performance of the thrower, a large-area water mist cloud can be achieved, which is larger than the ship to be located, so that the deception and camouflage by blurring the contours even more effectively is.

Die vorliegende Erfindung nutzt dabei die Erkenntnisse der Radaranwendung in der Meteorologie aus. So ist aus dem Buch "Radar und Funknavigation", Ausgabe 1973, Vogel-Verlag, Würzburg, Abs. 1.9.3., u.a. bekannt, daß Radarmessungen auf größere Entfernungen durch die Absorption und Streuung an Wolken und Regentropfung beeinträchtigt werden, ferner, daß Wolken auf Entfernungen von einigen hundert Kilometern entdeckt werden, besonders, wenn sie beginnen abzuregnen. Außerdem wurde festgestellt, daß Zielverfolgungsradargeräte mit größerem Erfolg zur Bestimmung der Luftbewegungen eingesetzt werden.The present invention exploits the knowledge of radar application in meteorology. For example, from the book "Radar and radio navigation", 1973 edition, Vogel-Verlag, Würzburg, para. 1.9.3. known that radar measurements at greater distances are affected by cloud absorption and scattering and raindrops, and that clouds are detected at distances of several hundred kilometers, especially when they start to rain. It has also been found that tracking radars are used more successfully to determine air movements.

Die Erfindung geht von dem Gedanken aus, künstliche Wassernebelwolken zu erzeugen, um diese für die Tarnung von Schiffen zu nutzen. Dabei zeigte sich eine Vielzahl überraschender, unvorhergesehener Wirkungen, u. a.,daß bei der Erzeugung von Wassernebelwolken feiner und feinster Tropfen und einer variablen Dichte durch Druckregelung an den Verstäubungsdüsen eine mehr oder weniger gewünschte Reflektion der Radarwellen unterschiedlicher Frequenzen erzielt werden kann. Bei Wassernebelwolken hoher Dichte - vergleichbar mit schwerem Regen - wird z. B. eine gewünschte starke Reflektion erreicht, die wiederum durch die kugelige Form der Niederschlagspartikel streuende Reflektionen z. B. an Wellen hervorrufen und bei Rücklauf zur Antenne zur erwünschten Meßverfälschung beim Gegner führen kann. Andererseits ist es möglich, Druckregulierung eine Dichte zu erzeugen, bei der Absorption und Reflektion der Radarwellen derart abstimmbar sind, daß das Schiff weder durch Radar noch durch IR-Messung erfaßbar ist. Andererseits ist die Scheinzieldarstellung für eine IR-Ortung mittels warmen Wassers, ggf. unter Beimischung eines umweltfreundlichen Alkalimetalls, z. B. Natrium, zur Temperaturerhöhung in der Wassernebelwolke einfach und wirkungsvoll druchführbar.The invention is based on the idea of producing artificial water mist clouds in order to use them for camouflaging ships. A variety of surprising, unforeseen effects were shown, u. a. that in the production of water mist clouds of fine and very fine drops and a variable density by pressure control at the atomizing nozzles a more or less desired reflection of the radar waves of different frequencies can be achieved. With water fog clouds of high density - comparable to heavy rain - z. B. achieved a desired strong reflection, which in turn scattered reflections z by the spherical shape of the precipitation particles. B. cause waves and when returning to the antenna can lead to the desired measurement distortion at the opponent. On the other hand, it is possible to generate a pressure regulation with a density in which the absorption and reflection of the radar waves can be tuned in such a way that the ship cannot be detected by radar or by IR measurement. On the other hand, the dummy target display for IR location using warm water, possibly with the addition of an environmentally friendly alkali metal, e.g. B. sodium, for increasing the temperature in the water mist cloud can be carried out simply and effectively.

Durch eine intermittierende Arbeitsweise der Flüssigkeitsnebel erzeugenden Werfer können außerdem auch einzelne Wasserwolken erzeugt werden, die bei geeigneter Windgeschwindigkeit und Windrichtung sich als einzelne Objekte bei Radarortung darstellen und sich in eine andere oder gleiche Richtung zum Kurs des Schiffes bewegen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Through an intermittent mode of operation of the liquid mist-producing thrower, it is also possible to generate individual water clouds which, when the wind speed and wind direction are suitable, present themselves as individual objects in the case of radar location and move in a different or the same direction to the ship's course. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing using an exemplary embodiment.

In der Figur ist ein Schiff 1 von der vorderen Ansicht dargestellt, auf dem - schematisch dargestellt - an der Steuerbordseite ein Werfer 2 ersichtlich ist. Die Ausstoßachse 3 ist aus der Horizontalen 4 um den Winkel Alpha angehoben, wobei der Werfer in einem Winkel von ca. 45° unter Berücksichtigung der Windrichtung 5 und -geschwindigkeit die maximale Wurfweite erreicht und eine Wassernebelwolke 6 weit vom Schiff 1 entfernt erzeugt. Bei kontinuierlichem Ausstoß des Flüssigkeitsnebel erzeugenden Mediums wird eine relativ langgestreckte Wassernebelwolke 6 als Scheinziel erzeugt, welche sich mit dem Wind scheinbar als großes Zielobjekt in Richtung 7 quer ab vom Kurs des Schiffes 1 bewegt. Bei intermittierendem Ausstoß des Flüssigkeitsnebel erzeugenden Mediums können weitere Wassernebelwolken 8 erzeugt werden, wodurch bei Ortung der Eindruck erreicht werden kann, daß sich mehrere Objekte in Richtung 7 bewegen.In the figure, a ship 1 is shown from the front view, on which - shown schematically - a launcher 2 can be seen on the starboard side. The ejection axis 3 is raised from the horizontal 4 by the angle alpha, the thrower reaching the maximum throw distance at an angle of approximately 45 ° , taking into account the wind direction 5 and speed, and producing a water mist cloud 6 far from the ship 1. With continuous ejection of the liquid mist-producing medium, a relatively elongated water mist cloud 6 is generated as an apparent target, which apparently moves with the wind as a large target in direction 7 across the course of the ship 1. With intermittent ejection of the medium producing liquid mist, further water mist clouds 8 can be generated, whereby the impression that several objects are moving in the direction 7 can be obtained upon location.

Durch eine Druckregelung des Mediums und Wahl des Ausstoßwinkels Alpha können für die Zielerkennung verschiedenartige Gebilde erzeugt werden, z. B. schmale hochgestreckte bis zu breiten langgestreckten Wassernebelwolken. Für eine IRerkennende Ortung kann z. B. Wasser, das als Flüssigkeitsnebel erzeugendes Medium verwendet wird, in einem Reservoir, z. B. in einem nicht dargestellten Drucktank unter Deck, erwärmt werden, aus dem die Pumpen der Werfer gespeist werden. In ähnlicher Weise können wärmeerzeugende Chemikalien dem Medium in einem solchen Reservoir beigemischt werden, z. B. ein Alkalimetall wie Natrium oder auch elektromagnetisch reflektierende Zuschlagstoffe, z. B. ein geeignetes Metallpulver.By regulating the pressure of the medium and choosing the ejection angle Alpha, different structures can be generated for target detection, e.g. B. narrow, up to wide, elongated water mist clouds. For an I-recognizing location z. B. water, which is used as a liquid mist generating medium, in a reservoir, e.g. B. heated in a pressure tank, not shown, below deck, from which the pumps of the thrower are fed. Similarly, heat generating chemicals can be added to the medium in such a reservoir, e.g. B. an alkali metal such as sodium or electromagnetic reflecting additives, for. B. a suitable metal powder.

An der Backbordseite ist ein Werfer 9 dargestellt, der von der Horizonzalen 4 in einem Winkel 10 nach oben gerichtet ist. Mit dieser Darstellung soll gezeigt werden, wie z. B. eine IR-Abschirmung, z. B. der Abgase 11, vorgenommen werden kann. Das Flüssigkeitsnebel erzeugende Medium wird zunächst an der Luvseite ungefähr in senkrechter Richtung 12 vom Werfer 9 ausgestoßen. Der Ausstoßwinkel 10 und der Ausstoßdruck werden der Windgeschwindigkeit aus Richtung 5 derart angepaßt, daß sich eine Nebelfahne 13 um den oberen Bereich des Schornsteins 14 legt und die hieraus entweichenden Abgase 11 einhüllt und abkühlt. Dabei kann die Nebelfahne 13 derart gesteuert werden, daß z. B. im Bedarfsfalle die Antennen, z. B die Radarantenne 15, aus der Nebelfahne 13 herausragen und der Dämpfungseinfluß auf die emittierte Radarstrahlung auf ein Minimum reduziert wird.A launcher 9 is shown on the port side and is directed upwards from the horizontal 4 at an angle 10. This representation is intended to show how. B. an IR shield, e.g. B. the exhaust gases 11 can be made. The medium producing liquid mist is first expelled on the windward side in approximately vertical direction 12 by the launcher 9. The discharge angle 10 and the discharge pressure are adapted to the wind speed from the direction 5 in such a way that a mist vane 13 wraps around the upper region of the chimney 14 and envelops and cools the exhaust gases 11 escaping from it. The fog flag 13 can be controlled such that, for. B. if necessary, the antennas, for. B the radar antenna 15 protrude from the fog flag 13 and the damping influence on the emitted radar radiation is reduced to a minimum.

Zusätzlich können durch weitere an der Backbordseite angeordnete Werfer Wassernebelwolken 16 gegen die Windrichtung 5 erzeugt werden, um gegebenenfalls weitere wärmestrahlende Flächen des Schiffes backbordseitig abzudecken.In addition, water mist clouds 16 can be generated against the wind direction 5 by further launchers arranged on the port side, in order to possibly cover further heat-radiating surfaces of the ship on the port side.

Außer an den Backbord- und Steuerbordseiten sind zweckmäßig weitere Werfer 17 und 18 am Bug und am Heck des Schiffes angeordnet, so daß in jedem Fall eine konturenverwischende Scheinzieldarstellung bzw. eine IR-Abschirmung bei Fremdortung erzielt werden kann.In addition to the port and starboard sides, additional launchers 17 and 18 are expediently arranged on the bow and stern of the ship, so that a contour-blurring apparent target display or IR shielding can be achieved in the event of external location.

Die rundum am Schiff angeordneten Werfer können auch aus nach Richtung, Höhe und Druck steuerbaren Werferrohren bestehen, die aus einem gemeinsamen Druckreservoir gespeist werden können, wobei eine beliebige Auswahl und Anzahl von Werferrohren, je nach den taktischen Erfordernissen, in Tätigkeit gesetzt werden können. Dabei kann die Funktion der Werfer entweder manuell oder auch automatisch durch eine elektronische Steuerung z. B. bei ESM-Alarm, schaltbar ausgebildet sein.The turrets arranged around the ship can also consist of turret tubes that can be controlled in terms of direction, height and pressure, which can be fed from a common pressure reservoir, whereby any selection and number of turret tubes can be activated, depending on the tactical requirements. The function of the thrower can either manually or automatically by an electronic control such. B. switchable ESM alarm.

Da das Wasser in Form feinster Tröpfchen versprüht wird, bleiben die Wassernebelwolken für eine gewisse Zeit erhalten. Durch die Wahl geeigneter, gegebenenfalls auch verstellbarer Düsen der Wasserwerfer können unter Berücksichtigung der Witterungsverhältnisse die Dichte der Wolke und die Schwebezeit der Tröpfchen oder Partikel beeinflußt werden.Since the water is sprayed in the form of fine droplets, the water mist clouds remain for a certain time. By choosing suitable, possibly also adjustable nozzles of the water cannons, the density of the cloud and the floating time of the droplets or particles can be influenced, taking into account the weather conditions.

Außer an Schiffen, ist die Einrichtung auch vorteilhaft für Tarnzwecke bzw. Zieltäuschung an feststehenden Objekten, z. B. Brücken, Schwimmbrücken, Munitionsdepots und Brennstofflagern, aber auch an gefährdeten Landfahrzeugen, z. B. Panzern, Munitions- und Tankfahrzeugen verwendbar.Except on ships, the device is also advantageous for camouflage purposes or target deception on fixed objects, e.g. B. bridges, floating bridges, ammunition depots and fuel stores, but also on endangered land vehicles, e.g. B. tanks, ammunition and tank vehicles can be used.

Claims (9)

1. Equipment for the generation of phantom targets and for camouflage, in particular on ships, for the impeding or preventing of the determination of position in the case of external location by means of radar and/or heat measurement, for example infrared measurement, with the use of atomiser nozzles for liquids, characterised thereby, that the atomiser nozzles are distributed at spacings in the region of the outer outline of the craft (1) and are water projectors (2, 9, 17, 18) producing cold and/or warm water mists acting outwardly in all directions.
2. Equipment according to claim 1, characterised thereby, that the projector (2, 9, 17, 18) producing liquid mists consists of one or more liquid pumps and one or more projector tubes.
3. Equipment according to claim 1 and 2, characterised thereby, that the discharge direction (3, 12) of the projectors (2, 9, 17, 18) is pivotable in horizontal plane and through up to about 90° upwardly (12) out of an about horizontal plane (4).
4. Equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised thereby, that the pressure of the media producing liquid mists is variable.
5. Equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised thereby, that the medium producing liquid mists contains a heatgenerating additive, for example alkali metal, sodium and/or an electromagnetically reflecting additive, for example metal powder.
6. Equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised thereby, that the individual projectors (2, 9, 17, 18) consist of projector tubes which are controllable in direction and pressure and feed- able from a common pressure reservoir.
7. Equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised thereby, that the function of the projectors (2, 9, 17, 18) is switchable on and off manually or automatically, in particular by ESM alarm.
8. Use of the equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 7 on land vehicles, in particular on track- laying vehicles, munition vehicles and armoured vehicles.
9. Use of the equipment according to one of the claims 1 to 7 on stationary objects, in particular on floating and fixed bridges, munition depots and fuel stores.
EP86114780A 1985-11-02 1986-10-24 Device for generating would-be targets, especially on ships Expired EP0221469B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853538867 DE3538867A1 (en) 1985-11-02 1985-11-02 DEVICE FOR HEAD TARGET PRODUCTION, ESPECIALLY ON SHIPS
DE3538867 1985-11-02

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EP0221469A1 EP0221469A1 (en) 1987-05-13
EP0221469B1 true EP0221469B1 (en) 1989-11-15

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EP86114780A Expired EP0221469B1 (en) 1985-11-02 1986-10-24 Device for generating would-be targets, especially on ships

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DE (2) DE3538867A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4016854A1 (en) * 1990-05-25 1991-11-28 Diehl Gmbh & Co Camouflage and swap device
GB9416429D0 (en) * 1994-08-15 1994-10-19 Parkes John Improvements in and relating to explosion supression
DE19511825A1 (en) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-02 Georg Mainas Stealth and security system for fast stream-lined ships in environment protection
GB9621762D0 (en) * 1996-10-18 1996-12-11 Vosper Thorneycroft Uk Ltd Improvements in or relating to marine vessels
SE9702330L (en) * 1997-06-18 1998-03-30 Foersvarets Forskningsanstalt Ways of spreading liquid mist
SE521767C2 (en) 2001-03-23 2003-12-02 Foersvarets Materielverk Method and apparatus for generating a liquid mist
FR2890041B1 (en) * 2005-08-26 2007-10-12 Dcn Sa FUR SURFACE SHIP VESSEL
FR2993532B1 (en) * 2012-07-18 2015-08-07 Microturbo METHOD AND INSTALLATION OF MASKING AND NAVAL BUILDING EQUIPPED WITH AT LEAST ONE SUCH INSTALLATION
RU2552903C2 (en) * 2013-09-23 2015-06-10 Николай Евгеньевич Староверов Method and device for ir masking (versions)
CN110488273B (en) * 2019-08-30 2022-08-05 成都纳雷科技有限公司 Vehicle tracking detection method and device based on radar

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE630390C (en) * 1929-12-21 1936-05-27 Hugo Stoltzenberg Dr Air defense facility
DE2911639A1 (en) * 1979-03-24 1982-12-02 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Heat-radiation emitting aerosol cloud generation - providing decoy using fluid supplied to several vaporisation jets
DE3217336A1 (en) * 1981-07-07 1983-03-03 Precitronic Gesellschaft für Feinmechanik und Electronic mbH, 2000 Hamburg Method and device for camouflaging water vehicles against electromagnetic radiation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0221469A1 (en) 1987-05-13
DE3666939D1 (en) 1989-12-21
DE3538867A1 (en) 1987-05-14

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