EP0220179B1 - Device for continuous fuel injection - Google Patents

Device for continuous fuel injection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0220179B1
EP0220179B1 EP85903280A EP85903280A EP0220179B1 EP 0220179 B1 EP0220179 B1 EP 0220179B1 EP 85903280 A EP85903280 A EP 85903280A EP 85903280 A EP85903280 A EP 85903280A EP 0220179 B1 EP0220179 B1 EP 0220179B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
carrier air
injection
combustion engine
internal combustion
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Expired
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EP85903280A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0220179A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Hofbauer
Jürgen SANDHAGEN
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Publication of EP0220179A1 publication Critical patent/EP0220179A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/08Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by the fuel being carried by compressed air into main stream of combustion-air

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the continuous injection of fuel into the intake pipes of a multi-cylinder, mixture-compressing internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection device is known for example from DE-A-2 920 636.
  • the carrier air is divided into injection lines leading to the individual intake pipes of the internal combustion engine, and the fuel is then injected into these carrier air injection lines, which are arranged separately from one another.
  • an injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine in which the fuel metered by a common metering valve is distributed in a cylindrical collecting space on the individual cylinders, and fuel injection lines which open into their intake pipes are distributed.
  • air from the intake line is admixed to these fuel injection lines with the aid of the injector principle.
  • Another injection device has, behind a common metering valve, a device containing a further valve for distributing the fuel to the individual fuel injection lines. However, there is no air supply to the fuel to be injected here.
  • the problem underlying the present invention is to be seen, starting from the known design according to DE-A-2 920 636, to provide an improved injection device which, with the most compact possible design, evenly distributes the fuel-air mixture to the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine guaranteed cheaper processing.
  • 1 denotes a part of a conventional mixture-compressing internal combustion engine and 2 denotes an intake line system leading to this internal combustion engine, which has an intake manifold 2a and a number of intake pipes 2b assigned to the individual cylinders of internal combustion engine 1 .
  • 9 is an air pump and 4 is a fuel pump, which can either be driven separately or combined with a common drive motor assigned to these two pumps, for example formed by an electric motor, to form a structural unit.
  • the fuel pump 4 draws fuel from a fuel reservoir 3 and conveys it via a fuel line 24, in which a fuel filter 5 is arranged, to a fuel metering device formed by an injection valve 7, which, according to the signals of a control unit 10, is assigned to the respective operating state of the internal combustion engine Delivers fuel quantity.
  • the fuel is injected into a carrier air flow in a mixture formation and distribution device 8, which is supplied via a line 21 from the air pump 9, which is connected on the suction side to the intake line system 2 of the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the carrier air flow used to convey the fuel metered via the injection valve 7 into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine is thus branched off from the air flow drawn in by the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the metering of the fuel is carried out separately into partial carrier air streams previously divided into the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine, which are then transported via individual injection lines 23 to the intake pipes 2b assigned to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the mixture conveyed through the injection lines 23 is finally injected continuously in the vicinity of the inlet valves of the internal combustion engine 1 and brought into the combustion chambers with the main air flow when the inlet valves are open.
  • a branch line branching off from the delivery-side conveying air line 21 is indicated, which is connected to a fuel pressure regulator 6 which determines the pressure in the fuel line 24 and which conducts excess fuel via a return line into the fuel reservoir 3.
  • the control unit designated 10 controls the fuel metering Injection valve 7, inter alia, as a function of the amount of air drawn in by the internal combustion engine 1, for which purpose an air flow meter designated by 14 is provided in the intake line system 2, and also as a function of the temperature and the speed of the internal combustion engine, for which purpose corresponding sensors in the form of a cylinder block on the Internal combustion engine 1 arranged temperature sensor 11 and an ignition distributor designated 13 are indicated.
  • a sensor that determines the intake air temperature and is also connected to the control unit for signaling, as is a throttle valve switch 12 that detects the position of the throttle valve 17.
  • 20 is an additional air slide arranged in the intake line system 2, which serves to correct the amount of air supplied especially during warm-up bypassing the throttle valve indicated by 17, while 25 represents an idle speed adjustment screw and 26 an idle mixture adjustment screw.
  • 18 denotes an ignition start switch and 19 denotes a battery for the electrical power supply, which can be formed, for example, by the conventional on-board electrical system battery of a vehicle, while 16 denotes a relay combination via which the fuel pump 4 is actuated when the ignition start switch 18 is actuated and the air pump 9 are switched on.
  • the mixture formation and distribution device 8 is shown on an enlarged scale with an injection valve 7, which does not place the fuel centrally in a carrier air line common to all injection lines 23, but separately into individual cylinders, each connected to an injection line 23 and thus in each case one cylinder injected carrier air injection lines 29 associated with the internal combustion engine.
  • the distribution of the carrier air supplied via line 21 to the individual carrier air injection lines 29 takes place here in a ring-shaped carrier air collecting space 27 which is arranged concentrically to the injection valve 7, into which the carrier air line 21 coming from the air pump 9 opens and from which the carrier air Injection lines 29 go evenly distributed over the circumference.
  • the injection valve 7 has a head part 33, which is held in a valve housing 34 and has a valve body 35 which can be actuated by, for example, electromagnetic means, not shown here.
  • the carrier air injection lines 29 leading separately to the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine as well as injection openings 36 associated therewith and each opening into these are incorporated, via which the fuel is supplied in quantities assigned to the individual cylinders.
  • the spray openings 36 can open into the carrier air injection lines 29 at those points where they have a nozzle-like constriction 28.
  • the supply of the fuel at such cross-sectional constrictions of the carrier air line has the advantage that the pressure level required for the injection of the fuel and to be applied by the fuel pump can be reduced by the higher air flow velocity occurring at these points (injector effect).
  • the spray openings 36 are aligned in such a way that they inject the fuel in the air flow direction, that is to say in the direction of the downstream ends of the carrier air injection lines 29. In this way, faster fuel transport is ensured even under unfavorable operating conditions and prevents the fuel from flowing back into the carrier air plenum counter to the direction of air flow and there can ensure an uneven distribution of fuel in the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawing 30 and 31 indicate separate housing parts of the mixture formation and distribution device 8, which are connected to one another or to the injection valve 7 with the interposition of sealing rings 32 and 37.
  • the fuel is not fed centrally into the carrier air at one point and only then is the carrier air / fuel mixture divided into the individual cylinders, but instead only the carrier air is initially applied the individual cylinders are divided and then the fuel, which is also metered separately onto the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine, is fed into these carrier air partial flows through a single injection valve with a number of spray openings corresponding to the number of cylinders. Since the separate division of the individual phases, namely the gaseous phase of the carrier air and the liquid phase of the fuel, can be carried out much more easily than a division of a two-phase flow required after mixing, the fuel metering can be carried out much more precisely and uniformly here.
  • the injection openings of the injection valve can be designed so precisely that the same amount of fuel is dispensed from them.
  • the distribution of the carrier air to the individual phases is less critical, since small differences in the allocated quantities have no major impact on the running behavior of the Have internal combustion engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

Device for continuous fuel injection into the intake manifold of a multicylinder and mixture-compressed internal combustion engine, with an air pump (9) for the transport of a carrier air stream deviating from the intake manifold (2) and with a fuel pump (4) transporting the fuel from a fuel reserve container (3) to a dosing device (7) adding the fuel as a function of the operation state of the internal combustion engine (1) to the carrier air stream. In order to determine the most regular and accurate dosing of fuel for the various cylinders of the internal combustion engine, means are conveniently provided to distribute the carrier air to the carrier air injection lines (29) individually affected to the different cylinders of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the dosing device is comprised of spray lines (36) individually associated to the carrier air injection lines (29) by means of an injection valve (7) and opening therein.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in die Ansaugrohre einer mehrzylindrigen, gemischverdichtenden Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for the continuous injection of fuel into the intake pipes of a multi-cylinder, mixture-compressing internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Eine derartige Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist beispielsweise aus der DE-A-2 920 636 bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Anordnung wird schon vor der Zumischung des Kraftstoffes in die Trägerluft eine Aufteilung der Trägerluft auf zu den einzelnen Saugrohren der Brennkraftmaschine führende Einspritzleitungen vorgenommen und die Einspritzung des Kraftstoffes erfolgt dann In diese getrennt voneinander angeordneten Trägerluft-Einspritzleitungen.Such a fuel injection device is known for example from DE-A-2 920 636. In this known arrangement, before the fuel is mixed into the carrier air, the carrier air is divided into injection lines leading to the individual intake pipes of the internal combustion engine, and the fuel is then injected into these carrier air injection lines, which are arranged separately from one another.

Aus der FR-A-1 456 347 ist weiter eine Einspritzeinrichtung für eine mehrzylindrige Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei der der von einem gemeinsamen Zumeßventil zugemessene Kraftstoff in einem zylindrischen Sammelraum auf den einzelnen Zylindern zugeordnete und in deren Ansaugrohre einmündende Kraftstoff-Einspritzleitungen verteilt wird. Diesen Kraftstoff-Einspritzleitungen wird zum Zwecke einer besseren Zerstäubung des Kraftstoffes Luft aus der Ansaugleitung mit Hilfe des Injektorprinzips zugemischt.From FR-A-1 456 347, an injection device for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is also known, in which the fuel metered by a common metering valve is distributed in a cylindrical collecting space on the individual cylinders, and fuel injection lines which open into their intake pipes are distributed. For the purpose of better atomization of the fuel, air from the intake line is admixed to these fuel injection lines with the aid of the injector principle.

Eine andere Einspritzeinrichtung nach der GB-A-862 718 weist hinter einem gemeinsamen Zumeßventil eine ein weiteres Ventil enthaltende Vorrichtung zur Verteilung des Kraftstoffes auf die einzelnen Kraftstoff-Einspritzleitungen auf. Eine Luftzufuhr zu dem einzuspritzenden Kraftstoff erfolgt hier jedoch nicht.Another injection device according to GB-A-862 718 has, behind a common metering valve, a device containing a further valve for distributing the fuel to the individual fuel injection lines. However, there is no air supply to the fuel to be injected here.

Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe ist darin zu sehen, ausgehend von der bekannten Ausführung nach der DE-A-2 920 636 eine verbesserte Einspritzeinrichtung zu schaffen, die bei möglichst kompakter Bauweise eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Kraftstoff-LuftGemisches auf die einzelnen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine bei günstiger Aufbereitung gewährleistet.The problem underlying the present invention is to be seen, starting from the known design according to DE-A-2 920 636, to provide an improved injection device which, with the most compact possible design, evenly distributes the fuel-air mixture to the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine guaranteed cheaper processing.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich gemäß dem Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1. Durch die Anordnung einer konzentrischen, ringförmig das Einspritzventil umgebenden Trägerluftsammelleitung mit davon gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt abgehenden Trägerluft-Einspritzleitungen innerhalb des Kopfteils des Einspritzventils wird eine sehr kompakte Anordnung geschaffen, die auf kürzestem Wege eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Kraftstoffes auf die einzelnen Einspritzleitungen und dadurch eine gute Aufbereitung des aus den Einspritzleitungen abzuspritzenden Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisches erreicht. Weitere zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführt.This object is achieved according to the characterizing part of patent claim 1. The arrangement of a concentric carrier air manifold surrounding the injection valve in a ring shape and with carrier air injection lines evenly distributed over the circumference of the carrier air injection lines within the head part of the injection valve results in a very compact arrangement, which is very short A uniform distribution of the fuel on the individual injection lines and thus a good preparation of the fuel-air mixture to be sprayed out of the injection lines is achieved. Further expedient refinements of the invention are listed in the subclaims.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt, das im folgenden näher erläutert wird. Dabei zeigen

  • Figur. 1 ein schematisches Schaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung und
  • Figur. 2 eine Darstellung der Dosiervorrichtung in vergrößertem Maßstab.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown, which is explained in more detail below. Show
  • Figure. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a fuel injection device according to the invention and
  • Figure. 2 shows an illustration of the metering device on an enlarged scale.

In dem in der Figur 1 der Zeichnung gezeigten Schaltbiid der Krafttoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist mit 1 ein Teil einer herkömmlichen gemischverdichtenden Brennkraftmaschine und mit 2 ein zu dieser Brennkraftmaschine führendes Ansaugleitungssystem bezeichnet, das einen Ansaugverteiler 2a und eine Anzahl von den einzelnen Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine 1 zugeordneten Ansaugrohren 2b aufweist.In the circuit diagram of the fuel injection device shown in FIG. 1 of the drawing, 1 denotes a part of a conventional mixture-compressing internal combustion engine and 2 denotes an intake line system leading to this internal combustion engine, which has an intake manifold 2a and a number of intake pipes 2b assigned to the individual cylinders of internal combustion engine 1 .

Mit 9 ist eine Luftpumpe und mit 4 eine Kraftstoffpumpe angegeben, die entweder getrennt angetrieben oder auch mit einem diesen beiden Pumpen zugeordneten gemeinsamen, beispielsweise durch einen Elektromotor gebildeten, Antriebsmotor zu einer Baueinheit zusammengefaßt sein können.9 is an air pump and 4 is a fuel pump, which can either be driven separately or combined with a common drive motor assigned to these two pumps, for example formed by an electric motor, to form a structural unit.

Die Kraftstoffpumpe 4 saugt dabei Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 3 an und fördert diesen über eine Kraftstoffleitung 24, in der ein Kraftstoffilter 5 angeordnet ist, zu einer durch ein Einspritzventil 7 gebildeten Kraftstoffdosiervorrichtung, die entsprechend den Signalen eines Steuergeräts 10 eine dem jeweiligen Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine zugeordnete Kraftstoffmenge abgibt. Der Kraftstoff wird in einer Gemischbildungs und -verteilvorrichtung 8 in einen Trägerluftstrom eingespritzt, der über eine Leitung 21 von der Luftpumpe 9 geliefert wird, die saugseitig mit dem Ansaugleitungssystem 2 der Brennkraftmaschine 1 verbunden ist. Der zur Förderung des über das Einspritzventil 7 zugemessenen Kraftstoffes in die Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine verwendete Trägerluftstrom wird also von dem von der Brennkraftmaschine 1 angesaugten Luftstrom abgezweigt.The fuel pump 4 draws fuel from a fuel reservoir 3 and conveys it via a fuel line 24, in which a fuel filter 5 is arranged, to a fuel metering device formed by an injection valve 7, which, according to the signals of a control unit 10, is assigned to the respective operating state of the internal combustion engine Delivers fuel quantity. The fuel is injected into a carrier air flow in a mixture formation and distribution device 8, which is supplied via a line 21 from the air pump 9, which is connected on the suction side to the intake line system 2 of the internal combustion engine 1. The carrier air flow used to convey the fuel metered via the injection valve 7 into the cylinders of the internal combustion engine is thus branched off from the air flow drawn in by the internal combustion engine 1.

Dabei erfolgt die Zumessung des Kraftstoffes jeweils getrennt in zuvor auf die einzelnen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine aufgeteilte Teil-Trägerluftströme, die dann über einzelne Einspritzleitungen 23 zu den den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine 1 jeweils zugeordneten Ansaugrohren 2b transportiert werden. Das durch die Einspritzleitungen 23 geförderte Gemisch wird schließlich kontinuierlich in der Nähe der Einlaßventile der Brennkraftmaschine 1 eingespritzt und bei geöffneten Einlaßventilen mit dem Hauptluftstrom in die Brennräume gebracht.The metering of the fuel is carried out separately into partial carrier air streams previously divided into the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine, which are then transported via individual injection lines 23 to the intake pipes 2b assigned to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine 1. The mixture conveyed through the injection lines 23 is finally injected continuously in the vicinity of the inlet valves of the internal combustion engine 1 and brought into the combustion chambers with the main air flow when the inlet valves are open.

Mit 22 ist in der Figur 1 der Zeichnung eine von der druckseitigen Förderluftleitung 21 abzweigende Zweigleitung angedeutet, die an einen den Druck in der Kraftstoffleitung 24 bestimmenden Kraftstoff-Druckregler 6 angeschlossen ist, der überschüssigen Kraftstoff über eine Rücklaufleitung in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 3 leitet.With 22 in FIG. 1 of the drawing, a branch line branching off from the delivery-side conveying air line 21 is indicated, which is connected to a fuel pressure regulator 6 which determines the pressure in the fuel line 24 and which conducts excess fuel via a return line into the fuel reservoir 3.

Das mit 10 bezeichnete Steuergerät steuert das die Kraftstoffdosierung bewirkende Einspritzventil 7 u.a. in Abhängigkeit von der von der Brennkraftmaschine 1 angesaugten Luftmenge, wozu ein mit 14 bezeichneter Luftmengenmesser in dem Ansaugleitungssystem 2 vorgesehen ist, sowie auch in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur und der Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine, wozu entsprechende Geber in Form eines an dem Zylinderblock der Brennkraftmaschine 1 angeordneten Temperaturfühlers 11 und eines mit 13 bezeichneten Zündverteilers angedeutet sind.The control unit designated 10 controls the fuel metering Injection valve 7, inter alia, as a function of the amount of air drawn in by the internal combustion engine 1, for which purpose an air flow meter designated by 14 is provided in the intake line system 2, and also as a function of the temperature and the speed of the internal combustion engine, for which purpose corresponding sensors in the form of a cylinder block on the Internal combustion engine 1 arranged temperature sensor 11 and an ignition distributor designated 13 are indicated.

Mit 15 ist ein die Ansauglufttemperatur ermittelnder Geber vorgesehen, der ebenso mit dem Steuergerät zur Signalabgabe verbunden ist, wie ein die Stellung der Drosselklappe 17 erfassender Drosselklappenschalter 12.Provided at 15 is a sensor that determines the intake air temperature and is also connected to the control unit for signaling, as is a throttle valve switch 12 that detects the position of the throttle valve 17.

Mit 20 ist noch ein in dem Ansaugleitungssystem 2 angeordneter Zusatzluftschieber bezeichnet, der zur Korrektur der insbesondere im Warmlauf zugeführten Luftmenge unter Umgehung der mit 17 angedeuteten Drosselklappe dient, während 25 eine Leerlaufdrehzahl-Einstellschraube und 26 eine Leerlaufgemisch-Einstellschraube darstellen. Mit 18 ist schließlich ein Zünd-Startschalter und mit 19 eine Batterie zur elektrischen Stromversorgung angegeben, die beispielsweise durch die herkömmliche Bordnetzbatterie eines Fahrzeugs gebildet sein kann, während 16 eine Relaiskombination bezeichnet, über die beim Betätigen des Zünd-Start-Schalters 18 die Kraftstoffpumpe 4 und die Luftpumpe 9 zugeschaltet werden.20 is an additional air slide arranged in the intake line system 2, which serves to correct the amount of air supplied especially during warm-up bypassing the throttle valve indicated by 17, while 25 represents an idle speed adjustment screw and 26 an idle mixture adjustment screw. Finally, 18 denotes an ignition start switch and 19 denotes a battery for the electrical power supply, which can be formed, for example, by the conventional on-board electrical system battery of a vehicle, while 16 denotes a relay combination via which the fuel pump 4 is actuated when the ignition start switch 18 is actuated and the air pump 9 are switched on.

In der Figur 2 ist die Gemischbildungs- und -verteilvorrichtung 8 in vergrößertem Maßstab dargestellt mit einem Einspritzventil 7, das den Kraftstoff nicht zentral in eine allen Einspritzleitungen 23 gemeinsame Trägerluftleitung, sondern getrennt in einzelne, jeweils mit einer Einspritzleitung 23 verbundene und damit jeweils einem Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine zugeordnete Trägerluft-Einspritzleitungen 29 einspritzt. Die Aufteilung der über die Leitung 21 zugeführten Trägerluft auf die einzelnen Trägerluft-Einspritzleitungen 29 erfolgt hier in einem ringförmig ausgebildeten und konzentrisch zu dem Einspritzventil 7 angeordneten Trägerluft-Sammelraum 27, in den die von der Luftpumpe 9 kommende Trägerluftleitung 21 einmündet und von dem die Trägerluft-Einspritzleitungen 29 gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt abgehen.In FIG. 2, the mixture formation and distribution device 8 is shown on an enlarged scale with an injection valve 7, which does not place the fuel centrally in a carrier air line common to all injection lines 23, but separately into individual cylinders, each connected to an injection line 23 and thus in each case one cylinder injected carrier air injection lines 29 associated with the internal combustion engine. The distribution of the carrier air supplied via line 21 to the individual carrier air injection lines 29 takes place here in a ring-shaped carrier air collecting space 27 which is arranged concentrically to the injection valve 7, into which the carrier air line 21 coming from the air pump 9 opens and from which the carrier air Injection lines 29 go evenly distributed over the circumference.

Wie weiter aus dem in der Figur 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel hervorgeht, weist das Einspritzventil 7 ein in einem Ventilgehäuse 34 gehaltenes Kopfteil 33 mit einem durch hier nicht gezeigte, beispielsweise elektromagnetische Mittel betätigbaren Ventilkörper 35 auf. In dem Kopfteil 33 des Einspritzventils 7 sind hier die getrennt zu den einzelnen Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine führenden Trägerluft-Einspritzleitungen 29 sowie diesen zugeordnete und jeweils in diese einmündende Abspritzöffnungen 36 eingearbeitet, über die der Kraftstoff in jeweils den einzelnen Zylindern zugeordneten Mengen zugeführt wird.As can further be seen from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the injection valve 7 has a head part 33, which is held in a valve housing 34 and has a valve body 35 which can be actuated by, for example, electromagnetic means, not shown here. In the head part 33 of the injection valve 7 the carrier air injection lines 29 leading separately to the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine as well as injection openings 36 associated therewith and each opening into these are incorporated, via which the fuel is supplied in quantities assigned to the individual cylinders.

Dabei können die Abspritzöffnungen 36 an solchen Stellen in die Trägerluft-Einspritzleitungen 29 einmünden, an denen diese eine düsenartige Verengung 28 aufweisen. Die Zuführung des Kraftstoffes an solchen Querschnittsverengungen der Trägerluftleitung hat den Vorteil, daß durch die an diesen Stellen auftretende höhere Luftströmungsgeschwindigkeit das für die Abspritzung des Kraftstoffes erforderliche und von der Kraftstoffpumpe aufzubringende Druckniveau reduziert werden kann (Injektorwirkung).The spray openings 36 can open into the carrier air injection lines 29 at those points where they have a nozzle-like constriction 28. The supply of the fuel at such cross-sectional constrictions of the carrier air line has the advantage that the pressure level required for the injection of the fuel and to be applied by the fuel pump can be reduced by the higher air flow velocity occurring at these points (injector effect).

Darüberhinaus ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Abspritzöffnungen 36 so ausgerichtet sind, daß sie den Kraftstoff in Luftströmungsrichtung, also in Richtung auf die stromabwärtigen Enden der Trägerluft-Einspritzleitungen 29 einspritzen. Auf diese Weise wird ein schnellerer Kraftstofftransport auch bei ungünstigen Betriebsbedingungen sichergestellt und verhindert, daß der Kraftstoff entgegen der Luftströmungsrichtung in den Trägerluftsammelraum zurückströmen und dort für eine ungleichmäßige Kraftstoffverteilung in den einzelnen Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine sorgen kann.Furthermore, it is expedient if the spray openings 36 are aligned in such a way that they inject the fuel in the air flow direction, that is to say in the direction of the downstream ends of the carrier air injection lines 29. In this way, faster fuel transport is ensured even under unfavorable operating conditions and prevents the fuel from flowing back into the carrier air plenum counter to the direction of air flow and there can ensure an uneven distribution of fuel in the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine.

In der Figur 2 der Zeichnung sind mit 30 und 31 noch getrennte Gehäuseteile der Gemischbildungs- und -verteilvorrichtung 8 angedeutet, die unter Zwischenlage von Dichtringen 32 und 37 untereinander bzw. mit dem Einspritzventil 7 verbunden sind.In FIG. 2 of the drawing, 30 and 31 indicate separate housing parts of the mixture formation and distribution device 8, which are connected to one another or to the injection valve 7 with the interposition of sealing rings 32 and 37.

Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung wird, wie dies an sich schon bekannt ist, der Kraftstoff nicht zentral an einer Stelle in die Trägerluft zugeführt und erst anschließend eine Aufteilung des Trägerluft-Kraftstoff-Gemisches auf die einzelnen Zylinder vorgenommen, sondern es wird zunächst nur die Trägerluft auf die einzelnen Zylinder aufgeteilt und anschließend der ebenfalls getrennt auf die einzelnen Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine zugemessene Kraftstoff in diese Trägerluftteilströme durch ein einziges Einspritzventil mit einer der Zahl der Zylinder entsprechenden Anzahl von Abspritzöffnungen zugeführt wird. Da die getrennte Aufteilung der einzelnen Phasen, nämlich der gasförmigen Phase der Trägerluft und der flüssigen Phase des Kraftstoffes wesentlich problemloser erfolgen kann, als eine nach der Vermischung erforderliche Aufteilung einer Zweiphasen-Strömung, kann die Kraftstoffzumessung hier wesentlich genauer und gleichmäßiger vorgenommen werden. Erforderlich ist allerdings, daß die Abspritzöffnungen des Einspritzventils so genau ausgebildet werden können, daß aus ihnen jeweils gleichgroße Kraftstoffmengen abgegeben werden. Dagegen Ist die Aufteilung der Trägerluft auf die einzelnen Phasen weniger kritisch, da geringe Differenzen in den zugeteilten Mengen keine größeren Auswirkungen auf das Laufverhalten der Brennkraftmaschine haben.In the present invention, as is known per se, the fuel is not fed centrally into the carrier air at one point and only then is the carrier air / fuel mixture divided into the individual cylinders, but instead only the carrier air is initially applied the individual cylinders are divided and then the fuel, which is also metered separately onto the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine, is fed into these carrier air partial flows through a single injection valve with a number of spray openings corresponding to the number of cylinders. Since the separate division of the individual phases, namely the gaseous phase of the carrier air and the liquid phase of the fuel, can be carried out much more easily than a division of a two-phase flow required after mixing, the fuel metering can be carried out much more precisely and uniformly here. However, it is necessary that the injection openings of the injection valve can be designed so precisely that the same amount of fuel is dispensed from them. In contrast, the distribution of the carrier air to the individual phases is less critical, since small differences in the allocated quantities have no major impact on the running behavior of the Have internal combustion engine.

Claims (3)

1. A device for continuous injection of fuel into the intake manifolds (2b) of a multi-cylinder, mixture-compressing internal combustion engine (1) having an air pump (9), which delivers a flow of carrier air which branches off from the intake line (2), and a fuel pump (4), which feeds fuel from a fuel reservoir (3) to a metering device (7), which meters the fuel in dependence upon the operating condition of the internal combustion engine to the carrier air flow, whereby means for distributing the carrier air flow to the carrier air injection lines (29) associated separately with the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine are provided, and the metering device (7), which is in the form of an injection valve with a valve body (35) adjustable with respect to a head member (33), delivers the fuel by way of separate spray ports (36) opening into the individual carrier air injection lines, characterised in that an annular carrier air intake chamber (27) is provided in the head part (33) of the injection valve (7), which chamber surrounds the injection valve (7) concentrically and is connected to the air pump (9), from which chamber the individual carrier air injection lines (29), located uniformly about the periphery, lead.
2. An injection device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the spray ports (36) of the injection valve (7) each open into regions (28) of the carrier air injection lines (29) which have a reduced nozzle-like cross section.
3. An injection device as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the spray ports (36) of the injection valve (7) are directed toward the downstream ends of the carrier air injection lines (29).
EP85903280A 1984-07-13 1985-07-08 Device for continuous fuel injection Expired EP0220179B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3425856 1984-07-13
DE3425856 1984-07-13

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EP0220179A1 EP0220179A1 (en) 1987-05-06
EP0220179B1 true EP0220179B1 (en) 1988-06-08

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US (1) US4690118A (en)
EP (1) EP0220179B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3563240D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1986000669A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
DE3563240D1 (en) 1988-07-14
WO1986000669A1 (en) 1986-01-30
US4690118A (en) 1987-09-01
EP0220179A1 (en) 1987-05-06

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