EP0220161A1 - Anchor, especially a free-play anchor - Google Patents

Anchor, especially a free-play anchor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0220161A1
EP0220161A1 EP86890222A EP86890222A EP0220161A1 EP 0220161 A1 EP0220161 A1 EP 0220161A1 EP 86890222 A EP86890222 A EP 86890222A EP 86890222 A EP86890222 A EP 86890222A EP 0220161 A1 EP0220161 A1 EP 0220161A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
anchor
free
cladding tube
tendon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86890222A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0220161B1 (en
Inventor
Hermann Dipl.-Ing. Thal
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Vorspann Technik GmbH
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Vorspann Technik GmbH
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Priority claimed from AT0248185A external-priority patent/AT387056B/en
Priority claimed from AT0249985A external-priority patent/AT390461B/en
Application filed by Vorspann Technik GmbH filed Critical Vorspann Technik GmbH
Publication of EP0220161A1 publication Critical patent/EP0220161A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/808—Ground anchors anchored by using exclusively a bonding material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/006—Anchoring-bolts made of cables or wires
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/0073—Anchoring-bolts having an inflatable sleeve, e.g. hollow sleeve expanded by a fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an anchor, in particular a free-play anchor, in which at least one bundle of strands or wires runs in a cladding tube.
  • blocked anchors are those in which the space between the steel tension members and the surrounding cladding tube is pressed out and the steel tension members are firmly connected to the cladding tube after the cement suspension has hardened.
  • Such anchors can no longer expand unhindered due to the friction arising from the earth pressure on the cladding tube. It is therefore recommended to use these anchors only for subordinate structures, because after fixing the anchors and pressing with cement suspension, the functionality can no longer be checked, in particular the anchor forces can no longer be measured. The necessary, permanent statement about the safety of the anchored structure is no longer possible with blocked anchors.
  • Free play anchors are those in which the space between the steel tension members and the surrounding cladding tube is filled with permanently plastic masses in the area of the span length.
  • the longitudinal mobility of the steel tension members is retained because the permanently plastic masses create a largely frictionless connection to the cladding tube.
  • the steel tension members can take over deformations and load changes along their entire length. Only petroleum-based greases are used Corrosion protection additives are added.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an anchor in which the longitudinal mobility of the tendons is ensured without having to accept the aforementioned risk of using the greases. At least the aim of the invention is to reduce this risk to an acceptable level.
  • the cladding tube is guided so as to be longitudinally movable in at least one second tube (sliding tube) in the region of a desired longitudinal mobility of the tendon, preferably in the region of the free span length.
  • the tendons in the form of strands are designated by 1. They are secured by means of wedges 2, e.g. Detachable hat wedges, fixed in an annular anchor body 3, which is supported on an anchor plate 5 via a two-part intermediate piece 4, which can also be designed as a threaded intermediate piece.
  • wedges 2 e.g. Detachable hat wedges
  • the parts of the tendons projecting over the wedges 2 are covered by sleeves 6 and end caps 7.
  • the previously mentioned parts are covered by a pot 8, which is attached to the anchor plate 5 and sealed against it.
  • the anchor plate 5 lies against an anchor wall 9, or the like between this and the ground, soil, rock. 10 a layer of filter concrete can be provided.
  • the tendons 1 are aligned in parallel by means of a deflection ring 11 and extend over the area of their free span length to the anchoring area on the mountain side (FIG. 3).
  • a trumpet 12 extends from the inside of the anchor body 3 and is attached to the anchor body 3 by means of an angle ring 13.
  • This trumpet 12 is provided with an external thread at its inner (thinner) end and a sleeve 14 is screwed onto this thread, which extends somewhat into the interior of the borehole 15.
  • the trumpet 12 and the sleeve 14 can also form a possibly telescopic unit.
  • a protective tube 16 extends from the anchor plate 5 and is attached to the anchor plate 5 by means of a flange 17.
  • the flange 18 of a borehole lining 19 lies between this flange and the anchor wall 9.
  • the tendons 1 are surrounded at a distance by a cladding tube 20 which begins at a short distance from the inner end of the trumpet 12 and extends over the entire free span of the tendons 1.
  • the space enclosed by this cladding tube 20 is, like the interior of the trumpet, with a cement stone, preferably an elastic-stretchable cement stone or the like. Filling material filled out.
  • This cement block or the filler material has the property of not forming any cracks or cracks if the tendons are overstretched beyond the preset prestressing force.
  • This property of the cement stone or the like. is achieved by an additive which gives the cement stone the property of being able to expand to a small extent.
  • plastics are preferably added, which are expediently present in dispersion form in the cement block.
  • an elastic additional material is proposed, which is e.g. a hardenable synthetic resin.
  • the additive material can be contained in the liquid state in amounts of 3 to 10% by weight, preferably 5% by weight.
  • the cladding tube 20 is surrounded over its entire length by a sliding tube 21 which is at a short distance from the cladding tube 20.
  • the opposing surfaces of the two tubes 20, 21 are smooth ".
  • the sliding tube 21 projects both into the protective tube 16 and into the sleeve 14. Between the sliding tube 21 on the one hand and the protective tube 16 and the sleeve 14 on the other hand, sealing rings 22 and 23 attached.
  • annular seal 24 is provided, which extends between the protective tube 21 and the lining 19.
  • a line 26 leads into the annular space 25 located between this seal 24 and the anchor plate 5 (or the flange 17) in order to be able to introduce filler into this annular space.
  • the outflow pipe 28 is provided to control the complete filling of this space; Only when filling material flows out of this tube is the space 25 completely filled.
  • a filling line (not shown) also leads into the annular space between the sleeve 14 and the protective tube 21.
  • the annular space between the cladding tube 20 and the sliding tube 21, which has only a very small thickness remains free or is filled with a permanently plastic mass in order to facilitate a mutual longitudinal movement between these two tubes. The amount of this permanently plastic mass is extremely small due to the very small distance between the tubes 20 and 21.
  • the inner end of the cladding tube 20 is pushed onto the stepped (tapered) end of a tube section 30 which passes through an elastically stretchable sealing bellows 31.
  • the space 32 enclosed by the bellows 31 and the pipe section 30 can be filled via the line 33 leading to the outside in order to bring the bellows into tight contact with the wall of the borehole 15
  • a ring 34 which widens towards the end of the sliding tube 21, serves to fasten one end of the bellows 31; this expanded portion of the ring 34 is connected to the inner end of the sliding tube 21.
  • a corrugated tube 45 extends from the inner end of the tube section 30; but it is also possible to form the corrugated tube 45 and the tube section 30 as a coherent single piece.
  • the other end of the corrugated tube 45 is closed by a cap 36. It is advantageous to design the corrugations of the corrugated tube 45 in accordance with a single or multiple thread round thread; the correspondingly designed cap 36 can in this case be connected to the corrugated tube 45 by simply screwing on or screwing it on.
  • the possible connection between corrugated pipe 45 and pipe section 30 can also be simplified in this way.
  • an end plate 46 is provided, which is penetrated by the tendons 1 and a central filling tube 37 ending near the cap 36.
  • Another cover plate 48 is located in the cladding tube 20 near its inner end; the space between the two cover disks 46 and 48 can also be filled from the outside via a line (not shown).
  • the existing between the corrugated pipe 45 and the borehole 15, up to the bellows 31, the cavity 38 is filled with anchoring material in a conventional manner.
  • the annular space 39 lying between the bellows 31 and the seal 24 can also be filled from the outside via a line (not shown).
  • the lining 19 is cast in together with the pipes 26 and 28 in the manufacture of the concrete anchor plate.
  • the seal 24 consists, for example, of polyurethane foam.
  • a hardening material e.g. Cement mortar, filled.
  • the tendons are advantageously tensioned and wedged first. Only then is the free space between the tendons 1 and the cladding tube filled with a curable material over the entire area of the free span, ie including the trumpet 12. This has the advantage that no tensile load is exerted on the curable material, as long as no tensile forces acting on the tendons due to the tensioning of the tendons act on the tendons.
  • a curable material Cement mortar or an elastic cement mortar is used.
  • the design of the anchoring according to the invention makes it possible that on the one hand the tensioning elements can expand under additional loads or contract when relieved, the somewhat elastic cement block or the other filler material always taking part in these axial movements even in the event of repetition without forming cracks or cracks, and that, on the other hand, the cladding tube, following these axial movements of the tensioning elements, because its interior is filled with the elastic cement block, can move axially relative to the surrounding, permanently held sliding tube. Friction, which could hinder this axial displacement of the cladding tube in the sliding tube, is eliminated by introducing a small amount of lubricant into the space between these tubes. This enables all the advantages of the free-spike anchor to be achieved. But without any environmentally harmful filler, especially viscous oils and fats.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

1. Free-play anchor, in which at least one tensioning member (1) extends in an encasing tube (20), characterised in that in the region of a desired longitudinal mobility of the tensioning member (1), preferably in the region of the free tensioning length, the encasing tube (20) is guided to move longitudinally in at least a second tube (sliding tube) (21) and that the encasing tube (20) is filled with a cement stone which is able to flex in the case of an at least single overload of the tensioning member or of the tensioning members beyond the pre-set pre-tensioning force, or similar flexible filling material, which surrounds the tensioning member or tensioning members.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Anker, insbesondere einen Freispielanker, bei welchem mindestens ein Bündel von Litzen oder Drähten in einem Hüllrohr verläuft.The invention relates to an anchor, in particular a free-play anchor, in which at least one bundle of strands or wires runs in a cladding tube.

Nach der Ausbildung der Anker in der freien Spannlänge wird unterschieden zwischen blockierten Ankern und Freispielankern. Blockierte Anker sind jene, bei denen der Raum zwischen den Stahlzuggliedern und dem umgebenden Hüllrohr ausgepreßt wird und die Stahlzugglieder nach dem Erhärten der Zementsuspension mit dem Hüllrohr fest verbunden werden. Solche Anker können sich infolge der aus dem Erddruck an dem Hüllrohr herrührenden Reibung nicht mehr ungehindert dehnen. Es ist deshalb zu empfehlen, diese Anker nur für untergeordnete Bauwerke zu verwenden, weil nach dem Festlegen der Anker und dem Verpressen mit Zementsuspension die Funktionsfähigkeit nicht mehr prüfbar ist, insbesondere können die Ankerkräfte nicht mehr gemessen werden. Die notwendige, dauernde Aussage über die Sicherheit des geankerten Bauwerkes ist bei blockierten Ankern nicht mehr möglich.After the formation of the anchors in the free span length, a distinction is made between blocked anchors and free play anchors. Blocked anchors are those in which the space between the steel tension members and the surrounding cladding tube is pressed out and the steel tension members are firmly connected to the cladding tube after the cement suspension has hardened. Such anchors can no longer expand unhindered due to the friction arising from the earth pressure on the cladding tube. It is therefore recommended to use these anchors only for subordinate structures, because after fixing the anchors and pressing with cement suspension, the functionality can no longer be checked, in particular the anchor forces can no longer be measured. The necessary, permanent statement about the safety of the anchored structure is no longer possible with blocked anchors.

Freispielanker sind jene, bei denen der Raum zwischen den Stahlzuggliedern und dem umgebenden Hüllrohr im Bereich der Spannlänge mit dauerplastischen Massen ausgefüllt wird. Es bleibt dadurch die Längsbeweglichkeit der Stahlzugglieder erhalten, weil die dauerplastischen Massen eine weitgehend reibungsfreie Verbindung zum Hüllrohr herstellen. Die Stahlzugglieder können oaher auf ihrer ganzen Länge Verformungen und Lastveränderungen übernehmen. Verwendet werden ausschließlich Schmierfette auf Erdölbasis, denen Korrosionsschutzzusätze beigegeben werden.Free play anchors are those in which the space between the steel tension members and the surrounding cladding tube is filled with permanently plastic masses in the area of the span length. The longitudinal mobility of the steel tension members is retained because the permanently plastic masses create a largely frictionless connection to the cladding tube. The steel tension members can take over deformations and load changes along their entire length. Only petroleum-based greases are used Corrosion protection additives are added.

Wenn man nun das Problem des Schutzes von Dauerfreispielankern mit Mineralölfetten unter dem Gesichtspunkt des so stark sensibilisierten Umweltbewußtseins betrachtet, so kommt man zu dem Schluß, daß das Risiko der Anwendung dieser Fette in Baugliedern für die Verschmutzung des Grundwassers im Boden einfach zu groß ist, im Vergleich zum Vorteil, den sie zur Aufrechterhaltung der Längsbeweglichkeit der Anker bieten.If one now looks at the problem of protecting permanent free play anchors with mineral oil greases from the point of view of the highly sensitized environmental awareness, it is concluded that the risk of using these greases in components for soil water pollution is simply too great Compared to the advantage they offer to maintain the longitudinal mobility of the anchors.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Ankers, bei welchem die Längsbeweglichkeit der Spannglieder gewährleistet wird, ohne das vorerwähnte Risiko der Anwendung der Fette in Kauf nehmen zu müssen. Zumindest ist es jedoch Ziel der Erfindung, dieses Risiko auf ein vertretbares Maß zu senken.The object of the present invention is to provide an anchor in which the longitudinal mobility of the tendons is ensured without having to accept the aforementioned risk of using the greases. At least the aim of the invention is to reduce this risk to an acceptable level.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Anker der eingangs erwähnten Art dadurch gelöst, daß das Hüllrohr im Bereich einer gewünschten Längsbeweglichkeit des Spanngliedes, vorzugsweise im Bereich der freien Spannlänge, in zumindest einem zweiten Rohr (Gleitrohr) längsbeweglich geführt ist.This object is achieved in the case of an anchor of the type mentioned at the outset in that the cladding tube is guided so as to be longitudinally movable in at least one second tube (sliding tube) in the region of a desired longitudinal mobility of the tendon, preferably in the region of the free span length.

Bei Dauerfreispiel-Bündelankern besteht weiters die Möglichkeit, daß sich die Spannglieder bedingt durch Temperatur- und/ oder Belastungsschwankungen dehnen und wieder zusammenziehen, wodurch es zu Rißbildungen im Zementstein im Bereich der freien Spannlänge kommen kann.In the case of permanent free play bundle anchors, there is also the possibility that the tendons expand and contract due to temperature and / or load fluctuations, causing it to Cracking in the cement block can occur in the area of the free span.

Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es auch diese Gefahr zu verhindern oder zumindest wesentlich herabzusetzen. Dieses Ziel wird dadurch erreicht, daß das Hüllrohr außerdem mit einem, bei einer zumindest einmaligen Überlastung des Spanngliedes oder der Spannglieder über die voreingestellte Vorspannkraft hinaus dehnbaren Zementstein od.dgl. Füllmaterial ausgefüllt ist, welches das Spannglied bzw. die Spannglieder umgibt. Dieses Ziel wird außerdem durch ein Verfahren unterstützt, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß über das Hüllrohr ein Gleitrohr geschoben wird, welches ein Verschieben des Hüllrohrs innerhalb des Gleitrohrs gestattet, worauf das im Boden, Fels od.dgl. verankerte Spannglied gespannt und am freien Ende beim Anker verkeilt wird, und anschließend der freie Raum zwischen dem Spannglied und dem Hüllrohr und Trompete mit einem aushärtenden Material gefüllt wird. Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert, in welcher Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung dargestellt sind. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 das spannseitige Ende der Verankerung (Verankerungsblock) im Längsschnitt,
  • Fig. 2 ein Längsschnitt durch den Mittelteil der Verankerung (freie Spannlänge) und
  • Fig. 3 ein Schnitt durch das bergseitige Ende der Verankerung (Verankerungsstrecke).
The aim of the present invention is also to prevent or at least substantially reduce this danger. This goal is achieved in that the cladding tube or the like, with an at least one-time overload of the tendon or the tendons beyond the preset prestressing force. Filling material is filled, which surrounds the tendon or the tendons. This goal is also supported by a method, which is characterized in that a sliding tube is slid over the cladding tube, which allows displacement of the cladding tube within the sliding tube, whereupon in the ground, rock or the like. anchored tendon is tensioned and wedged at the free end at the anchor, and then the free space between the tendon and the cladding tube and trumpet is filled with a hardening material. Further details of the invention are explained with reference to the drawing, in which exemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention are shown. Show it
  • 1 shows the tension-side end of the anchoring (anchoring block) in longitudinal section,
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the central part of the anchor (free span) and
  • Fig. 3 shows a section through the mountain-side end of the anchoring (anchoring section).

In den Fig. 1 - 3 sind die Spannglieder in Form von Litzen mit 1 bezeichnet. Sie sind mittels Keilen 2, z.B. lösbaren Hutkeilen, in einem ringförmigen Ankerkörper 3 festgelegt der sich über ein zweiteiliges Zwischenstück 4, welches auch als Gewinde-Zwischenstück ausgebildet sein kann, an einer Ankerplatte 5 abstützt. Die über die Keile 2 vorstehenden Teile der Spannglieder sind von Hüllen 6 und Endkappen 7 abgedeckt. Die bisher angeführten Teile sind durch einen Topf 8 überdeckt, welcher an der Ankerplatte 5 befestigt und gegenüber dieser abgedichtet ist.1-3, the tendons in the form of strands are designated by 1. They are secured by means of wedges 2, e.g. Detachable hat wedges, fixed in an annular anchor body 3, which is supported on an anchor plate 5 via a two-part intermediate piece 4, which can also be designed as a threaded intermediate piece. The parts of the tendons projecting over the wedges 2 are covered by sleeves 6 and end caps 7. The previously mentioned parts are covered by a pot 8, which is attached to the anchor plate 5 and sealed against it.

Die Ankerplatte 5 liegt an einer Ankerwand 9 an, wobei zwischen dieser und dem Boden, Erdreich, Fels od.dgl. 10 eine Lage aus Filterbeton vorgesehen sein kann.The anchor plate 5 lies against an anchor wall 9, or the like between this and the ground, soil, rock. 10 a layer of filter concrete can be provided.

Die Spannglieder 1 werden durch einen Umlenkring 11 parallel verlaufend ausgerichtet und erstrecken sich über den Bereich ihrer freien Spannlänge bis zum bergseitigen Verankerungsbereich (Fig. 3).The tendons 1 are aligned in parallel by means of a deflection ring 11 and extend over the area of their free span length to the anchoring area on the mountain side (FIG. 3).

Von der Innenseite des Ankerkörpers 3 geht eine Trompete 12 aus, die mittels eines Winkelringes 13 am Ankerkörper 3 befestigt ist. Diese Trompete 12 ist an ihrem inneren (dünneren) Ende mit Außengewinde versehen und auf dieses Gewinde ist eine Hülse 14 aufgeschraubt, welche sich ins Innere des Bohrloches 15 hin etwas erweitert.A trumpet 12 extends from the inside of the anchor body 3 and is attached to the anchor body 3 by means of an angle ring 13. This trumpet 12 is provided with an external thread at its inner (thinner) end and a sleeve 14 is screwed onto this thread, which extends somewhat into the interior of the borehole 15.

Die Trompete 12 und die Hülse 14 können auch eine allenfalls teleskopartige Einheit bilden.The trumpet 12 and the sleeve 14 can also form a possibly telescopic unit.

Von der Ankerplatte 5 geht ein Schutzrohr 16 aus, das an der Ankerplatte 5 mittels eines Flansches 17 befestigt ist. Zwischen diesem Flansch und der Ankerwand 9 liegt der Flansch 18 einer Bohrlochauskleidung 19.A protective tube 16 extends from the anchor plate 5 and is attached to the anchor plate 5 by means of a flange 17. The flange 18 of a borehole lining 19 lies between this flange and the anchor wall 9.

Die Spannglieder 1 sind im Abstand von einem Hüllrohr 20 umgeben, welches in geringem Abstand vom inneren Ende der Trompete 12 beginnt und sich über die gesamte freie Spannlänge der Spannglieder 1 erstreckt. Der von diesem Hüllrohr 20 umschlossene Raum ist, so wie auch der Innenraum der Trompete, mit einem Zementstein, vorzugsweise einem elastisch-dehnbaren Zementstein od.dgl. Füllmaterial ausgefüllt.The tendons 1 are surrounded at a distance by a cladding tube 20 which begins at a short distance from the inner end of the trumpet 12 and extends over the entire free span of the tendons 1. The space enclosed by this cladding tube 20 is, like the interior of the trumpet, with a cement stone, preferably an elastic-stretchable cement stone or the like. Filling material filled out.

Dieser Zementstein bzw. das Füllmaterial hat die Eigenschaft, bei einer Überdehnung der Spannglieder über die voreingestellte Vorspannkraft hinaus keine Sprünge oder Risse zu bilden. Diese Eigenschaft des Zementsteins od.dgl. wird durch einen Zusatz erreicht, welcher dem Zementstein die Eigenschaft gibt, sich in einem geringen Ausmaß dehnen zu können. Hiezu werden vorzugsweise Kunststoffe beigemischt, die zweckmäßig in Dispersionsform im Zementstein vorliegen. Als Beispiel wird ein elastisches Zusatzmaterial vorgeschlagen, das z.B ein aushärtbares Kunstharz ist. Das Zusatzmaterial kann im flüssigen Zustand in Mengen von 3 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 5 Gew.-%, enthalten sein.This cement block or the filler material has the property of not forming any cracks or cracks if the tendons are overstretched beyond the preset prestressing force. This property of the cement stone or the like. is achieved by an additive which gives the cement stone the property of being able to expand to a small extent. For this purpose, plastics are preferably added, which are expediently present in dispersion form in the cement block. As an example, an elastic additional material is proposed, which is e.g. a hardenable synthetic resin. The additive material can be contained in the liquid state in amounts of 3 to 10% by weight, preferably 5% by weight.

Das Hüllrohr 20 ist über seine ganze Länge von einem Gleitrohr 21 umgeben, welches gegenüber dem Hüllrohr 20 geringen Abstand hat. Hiebei sind die einander gegenüber liegenden Flächen der beiden Rohr 20, 21 glatt". Das Gleitrohr 21 ragt sowohl in das Schutzrohr 16 als auch in die Hülse 14. Zwischen dem Gleitrohr 21 einerseits und dem Schutzrohr 16 sowie der Hülse 14 anderseits sind Dichtringe 22 bzw. 23 angebracht.The cladding tube 20 is surrounded over its entire length by a sliding tube 21 which is at a short distance from the cladding tube 20. The opposing surfaces of the two tubes 20, 21 are smooth ". The sliding tube 21 projects both into the protective tube 16 and into the sleeve 14. Between the sliding tube 21 on the one hand and the protective tube 16 and the sleeve 14 on the other hand, sealing rings 22 and 23 attached.

Beim inneren Ende der Ankerwand 9 ist eine ringförmige Abdichtung 24 vorgesehen, die sich zwischen dem Schutzrohr 21 und der Auskleidung 19 erstreckt. In den zwischen dieser Abdichtung 24 und der Ankerplatte 5 (bzw. dem Flansch 17) gelegenen Ringraum 25 führt eine Leitung 26, um Füllmittel in diesen Ringraum einbringen zu können. Zur Kontrolle der vollständigen Füllung dieses Raumes ist das Abströmrohr 28 vorgesehen; erst wenn aus diesem Rohr Füllmaterial ausfließt, ist der Raum 25 zur Gänze gefüllt. Auch in den zwischen der Hülse 14 und dem Schutzrohr 21 vorhandenen Ringraum führt eine Füll-Leitung (nicht gezeigt). Der nur sehr geringe Dicke aufweisende Ringraum zwischen Hüllrohr 20 und Gleitrohr 21 bleibt jedoch frei oder er wird mit einer dauerplastischen Masse ausgefüllt, um eine gegenseitige Längsbewegung zwischen diesen beiden Rohren zu erleichtern. Die Menge dieser dauerplastischen Masse ist infolge des sehr kleinen Abstandes zwischen den Rohren 20 und 21 äußerst gering.At the inner end of the anchor wall 9, an annular seal 24 is provided, which extends between the protective tube 21 and the lining 19. A line 26 leads into the annular space 25 located between this seal 24 and the anchor plate 5 (or the flange 17) in order to be able to introduce filler into this annular space. The outflow pipe 28 is provided to control the complete filling of this space; Only when filling material flows out of this tube is the space 25 completely filled. A filling line (not shown) also leads into the annular space between the sleeve 14 and the protective tube 21. However, the annular space between the cladding tube 20 and the sliding tube 21, which has only a very small thickness, remains free or is filled with a permanently plastic mass in order to facilitate a mutual longitudinal movement between these two tubes. The amount of this permanently plastic mass is extremely small due to the very small distance between the tubes 20 and 21.

Das innere Ende des Hüllrohres 20 ist auf das abgesetzte (verjüngte) Ende eines Rohrabschnittes 30 aufgeschoben, welches einen elastisch-dehnbaren Dichtungsbalg 31 durchsetzt. Der vom Balg 31 und dem Rohrabschnitt 30 umschlossene Raum 32 kann über die nach außen führende Leitung 33 gefüllt werden, um den Balg zum dichten Anliegen an der Wand des Bohrloches 15 zu bringenThe inner end of the cladding tube 20 is pushed onto the stepped (tapered) end of a tube section 30 which passes through an elastically stretchable sealing bellows 31. The space 32 enclosed by the bellows 31 and the pipe section 30 can be filled via the line 33 leading to the outside in order to bring the bellows into tight contact with the wall of the borehole 15

Zur Befestigung des einen Endes des Balges 31 dient ein Ring 34, welcher sich zum Ende des Gleitrohrs 21 hin erweitert; dieser erweiterte Abschnitt des Ringes 34 ist mit dem inneren Ende des Gleitrohrs 21 verbunden.A ring 34, which widens towards the end of the sliding tube 21, serves to fasten one end of the bellows 31; this expanded portion of the ring 34 is connected to the inner end of the sliding tube 21.

Vom innen liegenden Ende des Rohrabschnittes 30 geht ein Wellrohr 45 aus; es ist aber auch möglich, das Well-rohr 45 und den Rohrabschnitt 30 als zusammenhängendes einziges Stück auszu-bilden. Das andere Ende des Wellrohrs 45 ist durch eine Kappe 36 abgeschlossen. Es ist von Vorteil, die Wellungen des Wellrohrs 45 gemäß einem ein- oder mehrgängigen Rundgewinde auszubilden; die entsprechend ausgebildete Kappe 36 kann in diesem Fall mit dem Wellrohr 45 durch einfaches Auf- bzw. Einschrauben verbunden werden. Auch die allfällige Verbindung zwischen Wellrohr 45 und Rohrabschnitt 30 kann auf diese Weise vereinfacht werden.A corrugated tube 45 extends from the inner end of the tube section 30; but it is also possible to form the corrugated tube 45 and the tube section 30 as a coherent single piece. The other end of the corrugated tube 45 is closed by a cap 36. It is advantageous to design the corrugations of the corrugated tube 45 in accordance with a single or multiple thread round thread; the correspondingly designed cap 36 can in this case be connected to the corrugated tube 45 by simply screwing on or screwing it on. The possible connection between corrugated pipe 45 and pipe section 30 can also be simplified in this way.

Beim äußeren Ende des Wellrohrs 45 ist eine Abschlußscheibe 46 vorgesehen, die von den Spann-gliedern 1 und einem zentralen, nahe der Kappe 36 endigenden Füllrohr 37 durchsetzt wird. Eine weitere Abschlußscheibe 48 befindet sich im Hüllrohr 20 nahe dessen innerem Ende; auch der zwischen den beiden Abschlußscheiben 46 und 48 liegende Raum kann über eine (nicht dargestellte) Leitung von außen her gefüllt werden. Der zwischen dem Wellrohr 45 und dem Bohrloch 15 vorhandene, bis zum Balg 31 reichende Hohlraum 38 ist in üblicher Weise mit Verankerungsmaterial gefüllt. Auch der zwischen dem Balg 31 und der Abdichtung 24 liegende Ringraum 39 kann über eine nicht dargestellte Leitung von außen her gefüllt werden.At the outer end of the corrugated tube 45, an end plate 46 is provided, which is penetrated by the tendons 1 and a central filling tube 37 ending near the cap 36. Another cover plate 48 is located in the cladding tube 20 near its inner end; the space between the two cover disks 46 and 48 can also be filled from the outside via a line (not shown). The existing between the corrugated pipe 45 and the borehole 15, up to the bellows 31, the cavity 38 is filled with anchoring material in a conventional manner. The annular space 39 lying between the bellows 31 and the seal 24 can also be filled from the outside via a line (not shown).

Die Auskleidung 19 wird zusammen mit den Rohren 26 und 28 bei der Herstellung der Betonankerplatte miteingegossen. Die Dichtung 24 besteht beispielsweise aus Polyurethan-Schaumstoff. Zur starren Halterung des Gleitrohrs 12 und als Korrosionsschutz wird der freie Raum zwischen der Auskleidung 19 und dem Schutzrohr 16 einerseits und dem Gleitrohr 21 anderseits mit einem aushärtenden Material, z.B. Zementmörtel, gefüllt.The lining 19 is cast in together with the pipes 26 and 28 in the manufacture of the concrete anchor plate. The seal 24 consists, for example, of polyurethane foam. For rigid mounting of the sliding tube 12 and as corrosion protection, the free space between the lining 19 and the protective tube 16 on the one hand and the sliding tube 21 on the other hand is covered with a hardening material, e.g. Cement mortar, filled.

In vorteilhafter Weise werden die Spannglieder zuerst gespannt und verkeilt. Erst dann wird der freie Raum zwischen den Spanngliedern 1 und dem Hüllrohr über den gesamten Bereich der freien Spannlänge, d.h. einschließlich Trompete 12 mit einem aushärtbaren Material gefüllt. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß auf das aushärtbare Material keine Zugbelastung ausgeübt wird, solange keine über die durch das Spannen der Spannglieder vorhandenen Zugkräfte liegende Zugkräfte auf die Spannglieder einwirken. Als aushärtbares Material wird Zementmörtel oder ein elastischer Zementmörtel verwendet.The tendons are advantageously tensioned and wedged first. Only then is the free space between the tendons 1 and the cladding tube filled with a curable material over the entire area of the free span, ie including the trumpet 12. This has the advantage that no tensile load is exerted on the curable material, as long as no tensile forces acting on the tendons due to the tensioning of the tendons act on the tendons. As a curable material Cement mortar or an elastic cement mortar is used.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung der Verankerung macht es möglich, daß sich einerseits die Spannelemente bei zusätzlichen Belastungen dehnen bzw. bei Entlastung zusammenziehen können, wobei der etwas elastische Zementstein oder das sonstige Füllmaterial diese Axialbewegungen auch im Wiederholungsfall immer wieder mitmacht ohne Risse oder Sprünge zu bilden, und daß sich anderseits das Hüllrohr, diesen Axialbewegungen der Spannelemente folgend, weil sein Innenraum mit dem elastischen Zementstein gefüllt ist, gegenüber dem es umgebenden, ortsfest gehaltenen Gleitrohr axial verschieben kann. Reibung, welche diese Axialverschiebung des Hüllrohrs im Gleitrohr behindern könnte, wird durch das Einbringen einer geringen Menge von Schmiermittel in den Raum zwischen diesen Rohren ausgeschaltet. Damit können alle Vorteile der Freispielanker erreicht werden. Jedoch ohne jedes umweltschädigende Füllmittel, insbesondere zähflüssige Öle und Fette.The design of the anchoring according to the invention makes it possible that on the one hand the tensioning elements can expand under additional loads or contract when relieved, the somewhat elastic cement block or the other filler material always taking part in these axial movements even in the event of repetition without forming cracks or cracks, and that, on the other hand, the cladding tube, following these axial movements of the tensioning elements, because its interior is filled with the elastic cement block, can move axially relative to the surrounding, permanently held sliding tube. Friction, which could hinder this axial displacement of the cladding tube in the sliding tube, is eliminated by introducing a small amount of lubricant into the space between these tubes. This enables all the advantages of the free-spike anchor to be achieved. But without any environmentally harmful filler, especially viscous oils and fats.

Selbstverständlich können im Rahmen der Erfindung verschiedene konstruktive Abänderungen vorgenommen werden. So besteht die Möglichkeit, die Spannglieder nur gerade zu führen, ohne die Verwendung eines Umlenkringes, einer Trompete, etc. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, das Schutzrohr 16 wegzulassen.Of course, various design changes can be made within the scope of the invention. So there is the possibility of guiding the tendons straight, without the use of a deflection ring, a trumpet, etc. There is also the possibility of omitting the protective tube 16.

Claims (10)

1. Freispielanker, bei welchem mindestens ein Bündel von Litzen oder Drähten in einem Hüllrohr verläuft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hüllrohr (20) im Bereich einer gewünschten Längsbeweglichkeit des Spanngliedes (1), vorzugsweise im Bereich der freien Spannlänge, in zumindest einem zweiten Rohr (Gleitrohr) (21) längsbeweglich geführt ist.1. Free play anchor, in which at least one bundle of strands or wires runs in a cladding tube, characterized in that the cladding tube (20) in the region of a desired longitudinal mobility of the tendon (1), preferably in the region of the free span, in at least one second tube (Guide tube) (21) is guided in a longitudinally movable manner. 2. Anker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hüllrohr (20) und das Gleitrohr (21) an den einander zugekehrten Flächen glatt sind.2. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the cladding tube (20) and the sliding tube (21) on the mutually facing surfaces are smooth. 3. Anker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das äußere Ende des Gleitrohres (21) dichtend von einem Schutzrohr (16) umgeben ist, welches von der Ankerplatte (5) od.dgl. des Ankers ausgeht.3. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer end of the sliding tube (21) is sealingly surrounded by a protective tube (16) or the like from the anchor plate (5). the anchor goes out. 4. Anker nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb des Schutzrohres (16) eine Hülse (14) vorgesehen ist, welche einerends gegenüber dem Gleitrohr (21) abgedichtet ist und andernends mit der die auseinanderstrebenden Enden der Spannglieder (1) umgebenden Trompete (12) verbunden ist sodaß eine allenfalls teleskopartige Trompete (12, 14) entsteht.4. Anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that within the protective tube (16) a sleeve (14) is provided which is sealed at one end with respect to the sliding tube (21) and at the other with the trumpet surrounding the diverging ends of the tendons (1) ( 12) is connected so that a possibly telescopic trumpet (12, 14) is formed. 5. Anker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen Hüllrohr (20) und Gleitrohr (21) eine Gleitmasse vorgesehen ist.5. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that a sliding mass is provided between the cladding tube (20) and sliding tube (21). 6. Anker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hüll- rohr (20) mit einem dehnbaren Zementstein od.dgl. dehnbaren Füllmaterial ausgefüllt ist, welches das Spannglied bzw. die Spannglieder umgibt.6. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the cladding tube (20) or the like with an expandable cement block. stretchable filling material is filled, which surrounds the tendon or tendons. 7. Anker nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zementstein ein diesen elastisch machendes Zusatzmaterial enthält.7. Anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that the cement block contains an additional material which makes it elastic. 8. Anker nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elastische Zusatzmaterial die korrosionsschützenden Eigenschaften der Injektionsmasse unbeeinfluß läßt.8. Anchor according to claim 7, characterized in that the elastic additive material has no influence on the anti-corrosion properties of the injection compound. 9. Anker nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zusatzmaterial im flüssigen Zustand in Mengen von 3 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 5 Gew.-% enthalten ist.9. Anchor according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the additional material is contained in the liquid state in amounts of 3 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 5 wt .-%. 10. Verfahren zum Einbau eines Ankers, insbesondere Freispielankers, mit zumindest einem Spannglied, bei welchem das Spannglied über die freie Spannlänge von einem Hüllrohr und einer anschließenden Trompete umgeben ist, wobei der freie Raum zwischen dem Spannglied und dem Hüllrohr mit einem korrosionsschützendem Material ausgefüllt ist nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über das Hüllrohr ein Gleitrohr geschoben wird, welches ein Verschieben des Hüllrohrs innerhalb des Gleitrohrs gestattet, worauf das im Boden, Fels od.dgl. verankerte Spannglied gespannt und am freien Ende beim Anker verkeilt wird, und anschließend der freie Raum zwischen dem Spannglied und dem Hüllrohr und Trompete mit einem aushärtenden Material gefüllt wird.10. A method for installing an anchor, in particular free-play anchor, with at least one tendon, in which the tendon is surrounded over the free span by a cladding tube and a subsequent trumpet, the free space between the tendon and the cladding tube being filled with a corrosion-protecting material according to claim 1, characterized in that a sliding tube is pushed over the cladding tube, which allows displacement of the cladding tube within the sliding tube, whereupon the like in the ground, rock or the like. anchored tendon is tensioned and wedged at the free end at the anchor, and then the free space between the tendon and the cladding tube and trumpet is filled with a hardening material.
EP86890222A 1985-08-26 1986-08-04 Anchor, especially a free-play anchor Expired - Lifetime EP0220161B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0248185A AT387056B (en) 1985-08-26 1985-08-26 Free-play anchor
AT2481/85 1985-08-26
AT2499/85 1985-08-27
AT0249985A AT390461B (en) 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 Anchor, in particular a free-play anchor
AT120186 1986-05-05
AT1201/86 1986-05-05

Publications (2)

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EP0220161A1 true EP0220161A1 (en) 1987-04-29
EP0220161B1 EP0220161B1 (en) 1990-04-25

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EP86890222A Expired - Lifetime EP0220161B1 (en) 1985-08-26 1986-08-04 Anchor, especially a free-play anchor

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EP (1) EP0220161B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE52290T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3670660D1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9409363U1 (en) * 1994-06-09 1994-08-04 Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft, 68165 Mannheim Sealed anchor bushing for shoring walls
DE4316097A1 (en) * 1993-05-13 1994-11-17 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Method and device for setting a grouted anchor
DE9416718U1 (en) * 1994-10-18 1994-12-15 Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft, 68165 Mannheim Countersunk, sealed anchor bushing, especially for diaphragm walls
DE29715363U1 (en) * 1997-08-27 1997-11-27 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 81902 München Anchor element for a grout anchor
EP0995878A3 (en) * 1998-10-20 2003-10-29 VORSPANN-TECHNIK Ges.m.b.H. & Co. KG Rock anchor and borehole with said anchor installed

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3844417C2 (en) * 1988-12-30 1995-02-16 Tgb Technogrundbau Gmbh Process for producing a re-tensionable compression anchor with permanent corrosion protection, and compression anchor manufactured thereby

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BUCH VON PROF. DR.-ING. FRITZ LEONHARDT "Spannbeton fur die Praxis", 2. Auflage, 1962 VERLAG VON W. ERNST & SOHN, Berlin Seiten 110-115 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4316097A1 (en) * 1993-05-13 1994-11-17 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Method and device for setting a grouted anchor
DE9409363U1 (en) * 1994-06-09 1994-08-04 Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft, 68165 Mannheim Sealed anchor bushing for shoring walls
DE9416718U1 (en) * 1994-10-18 1994-12-15 Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft, 68165 Mannheim Countersunk, sealed anchor bushing, especially for diaphragm walls
DE29715363U1 (en) * 1997-08-27 1997-11-27 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 81902 München Anchor element for a grout anchor
EP0995878A3 (en) * 1998-10-20 2003-10-29 VORSPANN-TECHNIK Ges.m.b.H. & Co. KG Rock anchor and borehole with said anchor installed

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3670660D1 (en) 1990-05-31
ATE52290T1 (en) 1990-05-15
EP0220161B1 (en) 1990-04-25

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