EP0220049A2 - Sterilizer for a toilet spray attachment - Google Patents
Sterilizer for a toilet spray attachment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0220049A2 EP0220049A2 EP86307943A EP86307943A EP0220049A2 EP 0220049 A2 EP0220049 A2 EP 0220049A2 EP 86307943 A EP86307943 A EP 86307943A EP 86307943 A EP86307943 A EP 86307943A EP 0220049 A2 EP0220049 A2 EP 0220049A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- water
- hole
- delivery tube
- reservoir
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
- E03D9/08—Devices in the bowl producing upwardly-directed sprays; Modifications of the bowl for use with such devices ; Bidets; Combinations of bowls with urinals or bidets; Hot-air or other devices mounted in or on the bowl, urinal or bidet for cleaning or disinfecting
Definitions
- Umann's U. S. Patent No. 2,875,450 disclosed a device for automatically applying water for cleansing purpose and for applying forced draft of warm air to the cleansed parts of the user's body, which however did not provide means to apply sterilizing agent or cleaning chemical on the user's body for enhanced hygienic purpose. If by further injecting a sterilizing or cleaning agent into the delivery tube, the chemical mixed with the water stream may contaminate the related electric apparatus in the water delivery system.
- the present inventor has found the defects of such a conventional water-spray toilet and invented the present sterilizer for toilet spray attachment.
- a sterilizer filled with sterilizing agents or cleaning chemicals which will be conveniently directed into the spray nozzle adapted for spraying and cleansing an user's anus or genitals for hygienic purpose.
- the present invention comprises a toilet bowl 1, a toilet seat 2, a warm water reservoir 3, a pair of water valves 41, 42 fixed on the two branch conduits 51, 61 communicated with the water reservoir 3, a rear spray nozzle 5, a front spray nozzle 6 and a pair of sterilizers 7.
- Each sterilizer 7 includes a liquid reservoir 71 having a top cover 72 drilled with a venting hole 73 on the cover 72, a delivery tube 74 connected with the reservoir 71, a mixing portion 75 perpendicularly connected with the lower portion of the tube 74, a sealer 77 resiliently held by a spring link 76 which is secured towards the mixing portion 75 to normally seal a lower port 78 of delivery tube 74 and operatively opened by the downcoming water from pressurized water source and a mixing mesh 79 inserted in mixing portion 75.
- the reservoir 71 may be filled with sterilizing agents or cleaning chemicals A for enhanced hygienic cleaning purposes for the toilet users.
- the mixing portion 75 of the sterilizer 7 is vertically connected between the rear spray nozzle 5 having an injection port . 52 and the water conduit 51, and positioned beyond the perpendicular connection of the lower portion of the delivery tube 74.
- Another mixing portion 75 of another sterilizer 7 is horizontally connected with the front spray nozzle 6 having an injection port 62 and the water conduit 61, and positioned beyond the perpendicular connection of the lower portion of the other delivery tube 74.
- the installation position of the mixing portion 75 on the spray nozzle 5 or 6 is not limited and can be optionally chosen, such as in a horizontal, vertical or tilted position depending upon the applying situations.
- the warm water reservoir 3 is supplied with a pressurized water through a pipe 31 by a boosting pump 32 which boosts the pressure of the incoming water from a water source (not shown) direction from inlet pipe 33.
- the water valves 41, 42 are opened to allow pressurized water flowing through the two branch conduits 51, 61 towards the downstream mixing portions 75 to open the sealers 77, whereby the liquid in tube 74 gravitationally flowing from each reservoirs 71 will be drained into the mixing portion 75 and thoroughly mixed with the downcoming water within the mixing mesh 79 and finally sprayed through nozzles 5, 6 for cleaning the user's anus and genitals respectively.
- FIG. 3 Another preferred embodiment of the present invention based on the toilet spraying system as aforementioned is shown in Figure 3, which comprises a sterilizer 7 including a reservoir 71 having a top cover 72 drilled with a venting hole 73, a delivery tube 74a connected with the reservoir 71 and having a tapered small hole 78a on the discharge port of the tube 74a and a mixing portion 75a having a throat portion 75b communicated with tapered small hole 78a and a mesh 79 inserted in the mixing portion 75a.
- the mixing portion 75a is connected with either spray nozzle 5 or 6, communicated with either water conduit 51 or 61 of water source 3 near the injection port 52 or 62 of either nozzle.
- valve 41 or 42 When using the sterilizer 7 as shown in Figure 3, either valve 41 or 42 is opened to direct pressurized water downwards to suck the liquid A from the reservoir 71 through the throat portion 75b and small hole 78a, whereby the liquid is thoroughly mixed with water in the mixing portion 75a for spraying and cleaning purposes for the users: When valve 41 or 42 is closed, the water is no longer drained and the liquid in tube 74a will be normally held in situ as the cohesive force of the liquid acts upon the tube wall to cause no drainage-loss of the liquid.
- the boosting pump 32 of the present invention can be suitably chosen to develop a sufficient water pressure to open a sealer 77 of delivery tube 74 as shown in Figure 2 for liquid drainage or to suck the liquid through the small hole 78a and throat portion 75b as shown in Figure 3.
- the toilet of the present invention is installed on a floor having an enough inlet water head, for example, as installed in a high building, the boosting pump 32 will then be omitted.
- each sterilizer 7 includes a liquid reservoir 71 having a top cover 72 drilled with a venting hole 73 on the cover 72, a delivery tube 74 connected with the reservoir 71 and having its lower port 78 connected with either conduit 51 or 61, and an automatic closer 8 provided on the delivery tube 74 and positioned in between an upstream tube portion 741 and a downstream tube portion 742 of the tube 74 directing toward either nozzle 5 or 6.
- a manual valve 740 in each delivery tube 74.
- the automatic closer 8 includes a cylinder body 81 having a flange 814 mounted on a socket 211 formed inside an upper seat cover 21 of the toilet seat 2, a resilient plug 82 reciprocatively held within the cylinder body 81, a stem portion 83 extending downwards from the plug 82, a restoring spring 84 inserted within the cylinder body 81 and resiliently retaining the plug 82, a spring plate 85 having its inner end secured to a bracket 212 in the seat 2 and having its outer end contacting the stem portion 83, and an actuating rod 86 extending upwards from an outer end of cushion 23 and normally biasing the cushion 23 downwards to ride on bowl 1 as resiliently acted by the spring plate 85 to suspend the seat 2 without raising the stem portion 83 to thereby normally close the plug 82.
- the cushion 23 having formed with such an actuating rod 86 is suitably selected from a plurality of cushions 23 fixed under the lower plate 22 of the toilet seat 2.
- an actuating rod 86 By modifying one of the two elastic nails 24 mounting the cushion 23 on the plate 22 through holes 25 as an actuating rod 86 as above-mentioned, the cushion 23 as shown in Figure 5 is pivoted around the inner elastic nail 24 serving as a "fulcrum" to stably ride on bowl 1, when the outer rod 86 is biased downwards by the spring plate 85.
- the cylinder body 81 is formed with an upper cylindrical hole 811 for inserting the spring 84 therein, an inverse truncated-cone hole 812 adjacent to the hole 811 and adapted to engage with the plug 82 shaped as inverse truncated cone, a lower cylindrical hole 813 formed under the truncated-cone hole 812 and having a diameter smaller than that of the upper hole 811, a liquid inlet hole 815 fluidically communicated with the upstream tube portion 741 and a liquid outlet hole 816 fluidically communicated with the downstream tube portion 742. Both holes 815, 816 are fluidically communicated with the inverse truncated-cone hole 812 and capable of being sealed by the plug 82 shaped as inverse truncated cone.
- One delivery tube 74 has its lower port 78 connected with the rear spray nozzle 5 as shown in Figure 7 in which the rear nozzle 5 includes a water passage 53 upperly communicated with the water conduit 51 and terminated with a water injection hole 531 inclinedly projecting upwardly, a chemical liquid passage 55 communicated with the delivery tube 74 and terminated with a chemical injection opening 551 positioned above the water injection hole 531, a partition plate 54 separating the two passages 53, 55 and a spray cone portion 56 divergently formed from the lower end of the partition plate 54.
- the other delivery tube 74 has its lower portion 78 connected with the front spray nozzle 6 as shown in Figure 8 in which the front nozzle 6 includes a water passage 63 communicated with a water injection hole 631 inclinedly projecting upwardly, a chemical liquid passage 65 communicated with the other delivery tube 74 and terminated with a chemical injection opening 651 positioned above the water injection hole 631, a partition plate 64 separating the two passages 63, 65 and a spray cone poriton 66 divergently formed from the outer end of the partition plate 64.
- the depression by the user's gravity on the toilet seat 2 will biase the cushion 23 and its actuating rod 86 upwards to raise the stem poriton 83 of the plug 82 to open the liquid holes 815, 816 to flow chemical liquid from reservoir 71 towards either nozzle 5 or 6 and whereby upon the opening of valve 41 or 42,. the water will be sprayed through either nozzle 5 or 6 to mix with the chemical liquid for hygienic flushing purpose.
- the spring plate 85 will biase the cushion 23 downwards to recover the plug 82 which is also restored by the spring 84 to close the liquid holes 815, 816 to stop liquid drainage.
- the user wants to adjust the liquid quantity or to stop the liquid supply, he or she may close the valve 740 of the chemical tube 74.
- each water injection hole 531 or 631 is located under each liquid opening 551 or 651 and each spray cone portion 56 or 66 is made as trumpet shape so that the liquid drained from the delivery tube 74 will be immediately laden in the water stream as sprayed through either hole 531 or 631 without causing any backflow of water into liquid passage.
- FIG. 9 Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 9, in which the aforementioned cylinder body 81 is formed with a cylindrical hole 811 for inserting the spring 84 and the plug 82.
- the plug 82 includes a packing plunger 82a normally sealing the liquid holes 815, 816, a rod portion 82b lowerly adjacent to the plunger 82a and having smaller diameter than that of the plunger 82a, a packing ring 82c sealing the lower portion of the hole 811 and a stem 83 protruding downwards to contact the spring plate 85.
- the plug 82 is limited by the cylinder bottom 810.
- the stem 83 Upon the depression of toilet seat 2, the stem 83 will be raised to move the packing plunger 82a upwards to open the holes 815, 816 whereby the liquid from upstream tube 741. will flow through the aperture between the rod portion 82b and the cylindrical hole 811 towards the downstream tube 742 for end use.
Abstract
Description
- Umann's U. S. Patent No. 2,875,450 disclosed a device for automatically applying water for cleansing purpose and for applying forced draft of warm air to the cleansed parts of the user's body, which however did not provide means to apply sterilizing agent or cleaning chemical on the user's body for enhanced hygienic purpose. If by further injecting a sterilizing or cleaning agent into the delivery tube, the chemical mixed with the water stream may contaminate the related electric apparatus in the water delivery system.
- The present inventor has found the defects of such a conventional water-spray toilet and invented the present sterilizer for toilet spray attachment.
- According to the present invention there is provided a sterilizer filled with sterilizing agents or cleaning chemicals which will be conveniently directed into the spray nozzle adapted for spraying and cleansing an user's anus or genitals for hygienic purpose.
- The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
- Figure 1 is an illustration of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a sectional drawing of the present invention.
- Figure 3 shows another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a systematic illustration showing still another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a sectional drawing of the present invention as viewed from II direction of Figure 4.
- Figure 6 is a side-view drawing of the present invention as viewed from Figure 5.
- Figure 7 shows a rear spray nozzle of the present invention as shown in Figure 4.
- Figure 8 shows a front spray nozzle of the present invention as shown in Figure 4.
- Figure 9 shows further preferred embodiment of the automatic closer of the present invention.
- As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention comprises a
toilet bowl 1, atoilet seat 2, awarm water reservoir 3, a pair ofwater valves branch conduits water reservoir 3, arear spray nozzle 5, afront spray nozzle 6 and a pair ofsterilizers 7. - Each
sterilizer 7 includes aliquid reservoir 71 having atop cover 72 drilled with aventing hole 73 on thecover 72, adelivery tube 74 connected with thereservoir 71, amixing portion 75 perpendicularly connected with the lower portion of thetube 74, asealer 77 resiliently held by aspring link 76 which is secured towards themixing portion 75 to normally seal alower port 78 ofdelivery tube 74 and operatively opened by the downcoming water from pressurized water source and amixing mesh 79 inserted inmixing portion 75. Thereservoir 71 may be filled with sterilizing agents or cleaning chemicals A for enhanced hygienic cleaning purposes for the toilet users. - The
mixing portion 75 of thesterilizer 7 is vertically connected between therear spray nozzle 5 having an injection port . 52 and thewater conduit 51, and positioned beyond the perpendicular connection of the lower portion of thedelivery tube 74. Anothermixing portion 75 of anothersterilizer 7 is horizontally connected with thefront spray nozzle 6 having aninjection port 62 and thewater conduit 61, and positioned beyond the perpendicular connection of the lower portion of theother delivery tube 74. The installation position of themixing portion 75 on thespray nozzle warm water reservoir 3 is supplied with a pressurized water through apipe 31 by aboosting pump 32 which boosts the pressure of the incoming water from a water source (not shown) direction frominlet pipe 33. - When using the present invention, the
water valves branch conduits downstream mixing portions 75 to open thesealers 77, whereby the liquid intube 74 gravitationally flowing from eachreservoirs 71 will be drained into themixing portion 75 and thoroughly mixed with the downcoming water within themixing mesh 79 and finally sprayed throughnozzles - Another preferred embodiment of the present invention based on the toilet spraying system as aforementioned is shown in Figure 3, which comprises a
sterilizer 7 including areservoir 71 having atop cover 72 drilled with aventing hole 73, adelivery tube 74a connected with thereservoir 71 and having a taperedsmall hole 78a on the discharge port of thetube 74a and amixing portion 75a having athroat portion 75b communicated with taperedsmall hole 78a and amesh 79 inserted in themixing portion 75a. Themixing portion 75a is connected with eitherspray nozzle water conduit water source 3 near theinjection port 52 or 62 of either nozzle. - When using the
sterilizer 7 as shown in Figure 3, eithervalve reservoir 71 through thethroat portion 75b andsmall hole 78a, whereby the liquid is thoroughly mixed with water in themixing portion 75a for spraying and cleaning purposes for the users: Whenvalve tube 74a will be normally held in situ as the cohesive force of the liquid acts upon the tube wall to cause no drainage-loss of the liquid. - The
boosting pump 32 of the present invention can be suitably chosen to develop a sufficient water pressure to open asealer 77 ofdelivery tube 74 as shown in Figure 2 for liquid drainage or to suck the liquid through thesmall hole 78a andthroat portion 75b as shown in Figure 3. - If the toilet of the present invention is installed on a floor having an enough inlet water head, for example, as installed in a high building, the
boosting pump 32 will then be omitted. - As shown in Figures 4 - 8, still another preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a similar system as aforementioned, in which each
sterilizer 7 includes aliquid reservoir 71 having atop cover 72 drilled with aventing hole 73 on thecover 72, adelivery tube 74 connected with thereservoir 71 and having itslower port 78 connected with eitherconduit delivery tube 74 and positioned in between anupstream tube portion 741 and adownstream tube portion 742 of thetube 74 directing toward eithernozzle reservoir 71 and the automatic closer 8, there is provided amanual valve 740 in eachdelivery tube 74. - The automatic closer 8 includes a
cylinder body 81 having aflange 814 mounted on asocket 211 formed inside anupper seat cover 21 of thetoilet seat 2, aresilient plug 82 reciprocatively held within thecylinder body 81, astem portion 83 extending downwards from theplug 82, a restoringspring 84 inserted within thecylinder body 81 and resiliently retaining theplug 82, aspring plate 85 having its inner end secured to abracket 212 in theseat 2 and having its outer end contacting thestem portion 83, and an actuatingrod 86 extending upwards from an outer end ofcushion 23 and normally biasing thecushion 23 downwards to ride onbowl 1 as resiliently acted by thespring plate 85 to suspend theseat 2 without raising thestem portion 83 to thereby normally close theplug 82. - The
cushion 23 having formed with such an actuatingrod 86 is suitably selected from a plurality ofcushions 23 fixed under thelower plate 22 of thetoilet seat 2. By modifying one of the twoelastic nails 24 mounting thecushion 23 on theplate 22 throughholes 25 as anactuating rod 86 as above-mentioned, thecushion 23 as shown in Figure 5 is pivoted around the innerelastic nail 24 serving as a "fulcrum" to stably ride onbowl 1, when theouter rod 86 is biased downwards by thespring plate 85. - The
cylinder body 81 is formed with an uppercylindrical hole 811 for inserting thespring 84 therein, an inverse truncated-cone hole 812 adjacent to thehole 811 and adapted to engage with theplug 82 shaped as inverse truncated cone, a lowercylindrical hole 813 formed under the truncated-cone hole 812 and having a diameter smaller than that of theupper hole 811, aliquid inlet hole 815 fluidically communicated with theupstream tube portion 741 and aliquid outlet hole 816 fluidically communicated with thedownstream tube portion 742. Bothholes cone hole 812 and capable of being sealed by theplug 82 shaped as inverse truncated cone. - One
delivery tube 74 has itslower port 78 connected with therear spray nozzle 5 as shown in Figure 7 in which therear nozzle 5 includes awater passage 53 upperly communicated with thewater conduit 51 and terminated with awater injection hole 531 inclinedly projecting upwardly, a chemicalliquid passage 55 communicated with thedelivery tube 74 and terminated with a chemical injection opening 551 positioned above thewater injection hole 531, apartition plate 54 separating the twopassages spray cone portion 56 divergently formed from the lower end of thepartition plate 54. - The
other delivery tube 74 has itslower portion 78 connected with thefront spray nozzle 6 as shown in Figure 8 in which thefront nozzle 6 includes awater passage 63 communicated with awater injection hole 631 inclinedly projecting upwardly, a chemicalliquid passage 65 communicated with theother delivery tube 74 and terminated with a chemical injection opening 651 positioned above thewater injection hole 631, apartition plate 64 separating the twopassages spray cone poriton 66 divergently formed from the outer end of thepartition plate 64. - When using the present invention, the depression by the user's gravity on the
toilet seat 2 will biase thecushion 23 and its actuatingrod 86 upwards to raise thestem poriton 83 of theplug 82 to open theliquid holes reservoir 71 towards eithernozzle valve nozzle spring plate 85 will biase thecushion 23 downwards to recover theplug 82 which is also restored by thespring 84 to close theliquid holes - If the user wants to adjust the liquid quantity or to stop the liquid supply, he or she may close the
valve 740 of thechemical tube 74. - As shown in Figures 7 and 8, each
water injection hole spray cone portion delivery tube 74 will be immediately laden in the water stream as sprayed through eitherhole - Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 9, in which the
aforementioned cylinder body 81 is formed with acylindrical hole 811 for inserting thespring 84 and theplug 82. - The
plug 82 includes apacking plunger 82a normally sealing theliquid holes rod portion 82b lowerly adjacent to theplunger 82a and having smaller diameter than that of theplunger 82a, apacking ring 82c sealing the lower portion of thehole 811 and astem 83 protruding downwards to contact thespring plate 85. Theplug 82 is limited by thecylinder bottom 810. Upon the depression oftoilet seat 2, thestem 83 will be raised to move thepacking plunger 82a upwards to open theholes upstream tube 741. will flow through the aperture between therod portion 82b and thecylindrical hole 811 towards thedownstream tube 742 for end use.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86307943T ATE54975T1 (en) | 1985-10-15 | 1986-10-14 | STERILIZER FOR A TOILET NOZZLE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US78714785A | 1985-10-15 | 1985-10-15 | |
US787147 | 1985-10-15 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0220049A2 true EP0220049A2 (en) | 1987-04-29 |
EP0220049A3 EP0220049A3 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
EP0220049B1 EP0220049B1 (en) | 1990-07-25 |
Family
ID=25140557
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86307943A Expired - Lifetime EP0220049B1 (en) | 1985-10-15 | 1986-10-14 | Sterilizer for a toilet spray attachment |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0220049B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE54975T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU6384086A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8604939A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1268601A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3672948D1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN169143B (en) |
MX (1) | MX160510A (en) |
PH (1) | PH23625A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA867820B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0812967A2 (en) * | 1996-06-12 | 1997-12-17 | N.T.S. Nuove Tecnologie Sanitarie Srl | Automatic system for personal hygiene following the carrying out of bodily functions |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1096194A (en) * | 1953-03-25 | 1955-06-09 | Berthoud & Cie | Foam shower device |
FR1166706A (en) * | 1957-02-09 | 1958-11-14 | Device for dispensing a liquid or, at will, a mixture of liquids | |
US2875450A (en) * | 1956-08-17 | 1959-03-03 | Harry M Umann | Sanitary fixture |
US4441219A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1984-04-10 | Harry Epstein | Lavatory accessory |
-
1986
- 1986-09-24 CA CA000519012A patent/CA1268601A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-09-24 IN IN844/DEL/86A patent/IN169143B/en unknown
- 1986-10-09 BR BR8604939A patent/BR8604939A/en unknown
- 1986-10-09 PH PH34345A patent/PH23625A/en unknown
- 1986-10-13 AU AU63840/86A patent/AU6384086A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1986-10-14 DE DE8686307943T patent/DE3672948D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-10-14 MX MX4026A patent/MX160510A/en unknown
- 1986-10-14 AT AT86307943T patent/ATE54975T1/en active
- 1986-10-14 EP EP86307943A patent/EP0220049B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-15 ZA ZA867820A patent/ZA867820B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1096194A (en) * | 1953-03-25 | 1955-06-09 | Berthoud & Cie | Foam shower device |
US2875450A (en) * | 1956-08-17 | 1959-03-03 | Harry M Umann | Sanitary fixture |
FR1166706A (en) * | 1957-02-09 | 1958-11-14 | Device for dispensing a liquid or, at will, a mixture of liquids | |
US4441219A (en) * | 1982-07-26 | 1984-04-10 | Harry Epstein | Lavatory accessory |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0812967A2 (en) * | 1996-06-12 | 1997-12-17 | N.T.S. Nuove Tecnologie Sanitarie Srl | Automatic system for personal hygiene following the carrying out of bodily functions |
EP0812967A3 (en) * | 1996-06-12 | 1999-01-20 | N.T.S. Nuove Tecnologie Sanitarie Srl | Automatic system for personal hygiene following the carrying out of bodily functions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1268601A (en) | 1990-05-08 |
BR8604939A (en) | 1987-07-28 |
ATE54975T1 (en) | 1990-08-15 |
MX160510A (en) | 1990-03-15 |
EP0220049B1 (en) | 1990-07-25 |
ZA867820B (en) | 1987-06-24 |
DE3672948D1 (en) | 1990-08-30 |
EP0220049A3 (en) | 1987-12-16 |
PH23625A (en) | 1989-09-11 |
AU6384086A (en) | 1987-04-16 |
IN169143B (en) | 1991-09-07 |
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