EP0219605A1 - Tube bundle exchanger - Google Patents

Tube bundle exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0219605A1
EP0219605A1 EP86107768A EP86107768A EP0219605A1 EP 0219605 A1 EP0219605 A1 EP 0219605A1 EP 86107768 A EP86107768 A EP 86107768A EP 86107768 A EP86107768 A EP 86107768A EP 0219605 A1 EP0219605 A1 EP 0219605A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jacket
tube
support
plate
support plate
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Granted
Application number
EP86107768A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0219605B1 (en
EP0219605B2 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Kehrer
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Borsig GmbH
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Borsig GmbH
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Application filed by Borsig GmbH filed Critical Borsig GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1884—Hot gas heating tube boilers with one or more heating tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shell and tube heat exchanger with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the thin tube plate is supported on the carrier plate via the ends of the bundle tubes, which results in an uncertainty in the construction.
  • the tube ends are surrounded by jacket tubes, forming an annular gap, which extend into the vicinity of the thin tube plate.
  • the cooling water fed into the inlet chamber between the thin tube plate and the support plate first flows along the thin tube plate and then enters the interior of the heat exchanger through the annular gaps.
  • the thin tube plate is stiffened by support plates. These support plates are spaced from the tube plate and are firmly connected to the tube plate by anchors. Measures are provided by which the cooling medium is brought to the thin tube plate.
  • Water is used as the cooling medium, which circulates between the heat exchanger and an evaporation drum and evaporates in the process.
  • This water which always contains magnetite in fine form and can contain other solid contaminants, is conducted from the outside to the center of the two heat exchangers. Since the water flows upwards outside at an early stage, the flow velocity of the water decreases towards the center. This can result in lower water velocities towards the center of the heat exchanger, which favor settling of the entrained particles on the thin tube plate on the gas inlet side. In the case of larger deposits, damage to the tube plate is caused by overheating.
  • the invention has for its object to design the support of the thin tube plate so that settling of water contained particles is prevented on the thin tube plate.
  • the support plate of the heat exchanger fulfills a double function in that it serves both to support the thin tube plate and to guide the water.
  • the forces coming from the thin tube plate via the supporting fingers are conducted into the jacket as tensile forces. Since the majority of the water enters the heat exchanger through the passage opening, water is routed across the entire tube plate at high speed, thereby preventing particles from settling on the tube plate.
  • the heat exchanger shown is of a standing type and is used in particular for cooling cracked gases with the help of evaporating water. It consists of a tube bundle composed of individual tubes 1, through which the gas to be cooled flows and which are surrounded by a jacket 2. The pipes 1 are held in two tube plates 3, 4, which are followed by a gas inlet 5 and a gas outlet 6.
  • the tube plate 3 on the gas inlet side is thin compared to the tube plate 4 on the gas outlet side.
  • the thin tube plate 3 is supported on the side facing away from the gas inlet 5 by a support plate 7, which is arranged at a distance from the thin tube plate 3 to form an intermediate space 8.
  • support fingers 9 are provided distributed over the cross section and are molded onto the support plate 7.
  • the tubes 1 each penetrate loosely through the support plate 7 to form an annular gap 10.
  • the thin tube plate 3 is connected to an outer support jacket 12 and the support plate 7 is connected to an inner support jacket 11.
  • the support sleeves 11, 12 are connected to one another via a Y-shaped ring 13, which in turn is welded to the jacket 2.
  • the support jacket 11, 12 connected to one another via the Y-shaped ring 13 delimit an annular chamber 14 which serves to supply water.
  • the outer support jacket 12 is provided with a feed pipe 15 for the water.
  • the inner support jacket 11 is provided with a passage opening 16.
  • the annular chamber 14 is divided into two partial chambers by two radial separating plates 17, which fill the entire cross section of the annular chamber 14.
  • baffles 18 are provided on both sides of the separating plates, which enclose the support plate 7 on part of its circumference.
  • the baffles 18 are on the thin tube plate 3 and cover part of the inlet cross section of the space 8 between the support plate 7 and the thin tube plate 3.
  • the water enters the annular chamber 14 through the feed connector 15 and flows through the space 8 between the thin tube plate 3 and the support plate 7 at high speed.
  • a small amount of water enters through the annular gaps 10 the interior of the heat exchanger.
  • the majority of the water flows through the passage opening 16 into the heat exchanger and cools the gas flowing in the tubes 1 with partial evaporation.
  • the evaporating water is discharged through an outlet connection 19 in the jacket 2 and flows into an evaporation drum via a riser pipe, not shown.

Abstract

Die Rohre eines Rohrbündelwärmetauschers sind in Rohrplatten (3, 4) gehalten, von denen eine dünn ausgebildet und über Tragfinger (9) auf einer Tragplatte (7) abgestützt ist, die von den Rohren (1) lose durchdrungen ist. Die Tragplatte (7) ist mit einen inneren Tragmantel (11) und die dünne Rohrplatte (3) ist mit einem äußeren Tragmantel (12) verbunden, die mit dem das Rohrbündel ungebenden Mantel (2) verbunden sind und eine Ringkammer (14) umgrenzen. Dabei ist der äußere Ringmantel (12) mit einem Zuführungsstutzen (15) für Wasser und der innere Tragmantel (11) auf der dem Zuführungsstutzen (15) abgewandten Seite der Ringkammer (14) mit einer Durchtrittsöffnung (16) versehen.The tubes of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger are held in tube plates (3, 4), one of which is thin and is supported by support fingers (9) on a support plate (7) which is loosely penetrated by the tubes (1). The support plate (7) is connected to an inner support jacket (11) and the thin tube plate (3) is connected to an outer support jacket (12), which are connected to the jacket (2) which defines the tube bundle and define an annular chamber (14). The outer ring jacket (12) is provided with a feed connector (15) for water and the inner support jacket (11) on the side of the ring chamber (14) facing away from the feed connector (15) with a passage opening (16).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Rohrbündelwärmetauscher mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a shell and tube heat exchanger with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Bei einem bekannten Wärmetauscher (DE-AS 19 53 628) stützt sich die dünne Rohrplatte über die Enden der Bündelrohre auf der Tragplatte ab, was eine Unsicherheit der Konstruktion zur Folge hat. Die Rohrenden sind unter Bildung eines Ringspaltes von Mantelrohren umgeben, die bis in die Nähe der dünne Rohrplatte reichen. Das in die Eintrittskammer zwischen der dünnen Rohrplatte und der Tragplatte eingespeiste Kühlwasser strömt zunächst an der dünnen Rohrplatte entlang und tritt dann durch die Ring­spalten in den Innenraum des Wärmetauschers ein.In a known heat exchanger (DE-AS 19 53 628), the thin tube plate is supported on the carrier plate via the ends of the bundle tubes, which results in an uncertainty in the construction. The tube ends are surrounded by jacket tubes, forming an annular gap, which extend into the vicinity of the thin tube plate. The cooling water fed into the inlet chamber between the thin tube plate and the support plate first flows along the thin tube plate and then enters the interior of the heat exchanger through the annular gaps.

Bei einem anderen bekannten Wärmetauscher (DE-PS 12 94 981) ist die dünne Rohrplatte durch Tragbleche versteift. Diese Tragbleche liegen mit Abstand von der Rohrplatte und sind durch Anker mit der Rohrplatte fest verbunden. Dabei sind Maßnahmen vorgesehen, durch die das Kühlmedium an die dünne Rohrplatte herangeführt wird.In another known heat exchanger (DE-PS 12 94 981) the thin tube plate is stiffened by support plates. These support plates are spaced from the tube plate and are firmly connected to the tube plate by anchors. Measures are provided by which the cooling medium is brought to the thin tube plate.

Als Kühlmedium wird Wasser verwendet, das zwischen dem Wärmetauscher und einer Ausdampftrommel zirkuliert und dabei verdampft. Dieses Wasser, das stets Magnetit in feiner Form enthält sowie andere feste Verunreinigungen enthalten kann, wird bei den beiden Wärmetauschern von einem Außenbereich zur Mitte geführt. Da das Wasser früh­zeitig im Außenbereich aufwärts abströmt, nimmt die Strö­mungsgeschwindigkeit des Wassers zur Mitte hin ab. Hier­durch können sich zur Mitte des Wärmetauschers niedrigere Wassergeschwindigkeiten ergeben, die ein Absetzen der mit­geführten Partikel auf der dünnen Rohrplatte an der Gas­eintrittsseite begünstigen. Im Fall größerer Ablagerungen entstehen Schäden an der Rohrplatte durch Überhitzung.Water is used as the cooling medium, which circulates between the heat exchanger and an evaporation drum and evaporates in the process. This water, which always contains magnetite in fine form and can contain other solid contaminants, is conducted from the outside to the center of the two heat exchangers. Since the water flows upwards outside at an early stage, the flow velocity of the water decreases towards the center. This can result in lower water velocities towards the center of the heat exchanger, which favor settling of the entrained particles on the thin tube plate on the gas inlet side. In the case of larger deposits, damage to the tube plate is caused by overheating.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Abstützung der dünnen Rohrplatte so zu gestalten, daß ein Absetzen von im Wasser enthaltenen Partikeln auf der dünnen Rohr­platte verhindert wird.The invention has for its object to design the support of the thin tube plate so that settling of water contained particles is prevented on the thin tube plate.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem gattungsgemäßen Wärmetauscher durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved in a generic heat exchanger by the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Tragplatte des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauschers erfüllt eine Doppelfunktion, indem sie sowohl der Abstützung der dünnen Rohrplatte als auch der Führung des Wassers dient. Dabei werden die über die Tragfinger von der dünnen Rohrplatte kommenden Kräfte als Zugkräfte in den Mantel geleitet. Da die Hauptmenge des Wassers durch die Durch­trittsöffnung in den Wärmetauscher eintritt, wird eine Wasserführung quer über die gesamte Rohrplatte mit hoher Geschwindigkeit erreicht, wodurch ein Absetzen von Parti­keln auf der Rohrplatte verhindert wird.The support plate of the heat exchanger according to the invention fulfills a double function in that it serves both to support the thin tube plate and to guide the water. The forces coming from the thin tube plate via the supporting fingers are conducted into the jacket as tensile forces. Since the majority of the water enters the heat exchanger through the passage opening, water is routed across the entire tube plate at high speed, thereby preventing particles from settling on the tube plate.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 den Längsschnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher gemäß der Erfindung und
  • Fig. 2 den Schnitt II - II nach Fig. 1
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows the longitudinal section through a heat exchanger according to the invention and
  • 2 shows the section II - II of FIG. 1st

Der dargestellte Wärmetauscher ist von stehender Bauart und dient insbesondere zum Kühlen von Spaltgasen mit Hilfe von verdampfendem Wasser. Er besteht aus einem Rohrbündel aus einzelnen Rohren 1, die von dem zu kühlenden Gas durch­strömt und von einem Mantel 2 umgeben sind. Die Rohre 1 sind in zwei Rohrplatten 3, 4 gehalten, an die sich ein Gaseintritt 5 und ein Gasaustritt 6 anschließen.The heat exchanger shown is of a standing type and is used in particular for cooling cracked gases with the help of evaporating water. It consists of a tube bundle composed of individual tubes 1, through which the gas to be cooled flows and which are surrounded by a jacket 2. The pipes 1 are held in two tube plates 3, 4, which are followed by a gas inlet 5 and a gas outlet 6.

Die Rohrplatte 3 auf der Gaseintrittsseite ist im Vergleich zu der Rohrplatte 4 auf der Gasaustrittsseite dünn ausge­bildet. Die dünne Rohrplatte 3 ist auf der dem Gaseintritt 5 abgewandten Seite durch eine Tragplatte 7 abgestützt, die unter Bildung eines Zwischenraumes 8 mit Abstand von der dünnen Rohrplatte 3 angeordnet ist. Zwischen der dünnen Rohrplatte 3 und der Tragplatte 7 sind über den Querschnitt verteilt Tragfinger 9 vorgesehen, die an die Tragplatte 7 angeformt sind. Die Rohre 1 durchdringen jeweils unter Bil­dung einer Ringspalte 10 lose die Tragplatte 7.The tube plate 3 on the gas inlet side is thin compared to the tube plate 4 on the gas outlet side. The thin tube plate 3 is supported on the side facing away from the gas inlet 5 by a support plate 7, which is arranged at a distance from the thin tube plate 3 to form an intermediate space 8. Between the thin tube plate 3 and the support plate 7, support fingers 9 are provided distributed over the cross section and are molded onto the support plate 7. The tubes 1 each penetrate loosely through the support plate 7 to form an annular gap 10.

Die dünne Rohrplatte 3 ist mit einem äußeren Tragmantel 12 und die Tragplatte 7 ist mit einem inneren Tragmantel 11 verbunden. Die Tragmäntel 11, 12 sind über einen Y-förmigen Ring 13 miteinander verbunden, der seinerseits an den Man­tel 2 angeschweißt ist. Die über den Y-förmigen Ring 13 miteinander verbundenen Tragmantel 11, 12 umgrenzen eine Ringkammer 14, die der Zuführung von Wasser dient.The thin tube plate 3 is connected to an outer support jacket 12 and the support plate 7 is connected to an inner support jacket 11. The support sleeves 11, 12 are connected to one another via a Y-shaped ring 13, which in turn is welded to the jacket 2. The support jacket 11, 12 connected to one another via the Y-shaped ring 13 delimit an annular chamber 14 which serves to supply water.

Der äußere Tragmantel 12 ist mit einem Zuführungsstutzen 15 für das Wasser versehen. Auf der dem Zuführungsstutzen 15 gegenüberliegenden Seite der Ringkammer 14 ist der innere Tragmantel 11 mit einer Durchtrittsöffnung 16 versehen. Zwischen dem Zuführungsstutzen 15 und der Durchtrittsöff­nung 16 ist die Ringkammer 14 durch zwei radiale Trenn­bleche 17, die den gesamten Querschnitt der Ringkammer 14 ausfüllen, in zwei Teilkammern aufgeteilt.The outer support jacket 12 is provided with a feed pipe 15 for the water. On the side of the annular chamber 14 opposite the feed connector 15, the inner support jacket 11 is provided with a passage opening 16. Between the feed pipe 15 and the passage opening 16, the annular chamber 14 is divided into two partial chambers by two radial separating plates 17, which fill the entire cross section of the annular chamber 14.

In der Ringkammer 14 sind zu beiden Seiten der Trennbleche 17 Leitbleche 18 vorgesehen, die die Tragplatte 7 auf einem Teil ihres Umfanges umschließen. Die Leitbleche 18 stehen auf der dünnen Rohrplatte 3 auf und überdecken einen Teil des Eintrittsquerschnittes des Zwischenraumes 8 zwischen der Tragplatte 7 und der dünnen Rohrplatte 3.In the annular chamber 14 baffles 18 are provided on both sides of the separating plates, which enclose the support plate 7 on part of its circumference. The baffles 18 are on the thin tube plate 3 and cover part of the inlet cross section of the space 8 between the support plate 7 and the thin tube plate 3.

Wie in der Zeichnung durch Pfeile angedeutet, tritt das Wasser durch den Zuführungsstutzen 15 in die Ringkammer 14 ein und durchströmt mit hoher Geschwindigkeit den Zwischenraum 8 zwischen der dünnen Rohrplatte 3 und der Tragplatte 7. Dabei tritt eine geringe Menge des Wassers durch die Ringspalten 10 in den Innenraum des Wärmetauschers ein. Die Hauptmenge des Wassers strömt durch die Durch­trittsöffnung 16 in den Wärmetauscher ein und kühlt unter teilweiser Verdampfung das in den Rohren 1 strömende Gas. Das verdampfende Wasser wird durch einen Austrittsstutzen 19 im Mantel 2 abgeführt und strömt über eine nicht ge­zeigte Steigleitung in eine Ausdampftrommel.As indicated in the drawing by arrows, the water enters the annular chamber 14 through the feed connector 15 and flows through the space 8 between the thin tube plate 3 and the support plate 7 at high speed. A small amount of water enters through the annular gaps 10 the interior of the heat exchanger. The majority of the water flows through the passage opening 16 into the heat exchanger and cools the gas flowing in the tubes 1 with partial evaporation. The evaporating water is discharged through an outlet connection 19 in the jacket 2 and flows into an evaporation drum via a riser pipe, not shown.

Claims (3)

1. Rohrbündel-Wärmetauscher mit Rohren (1), die beid­seitig in Rohrplatten (3, 4) gehalten sind, zum Wärmetausch zwischen Stoffen hohen Druckunterschiedes, von denen der durch die Rohre (1) strömende Stoff eine hohe Eingangstemperatur aufweist, wobei die eine Rohrplatte (3) im Verhältnis zu der anderen Rohr­platte (4) dünn ausgebildet und auf einer Tragplatte (7) abgestützt ist, die mit einem das Rohrbündel um­gebenden Mantel (2) verbunden ist und die Rohre (1) beim Durchtritt durch die Tragplatte (7) von einer Ringspalte (10) umgeben sind, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß zwischen der dünnen Rohrplatte (3) und der Tragplatte (7) Tragfinger (9) vorgesehen sind, daß die Tragplatte (7) mit einem inneren Trag­mantel (11) und die dünne Rohrplatte (3) mit einem äußeren Tragmantel (12) verbunden ist, die mit dem das Rohrbündel umgebenden Mantel (2) verbunden sind und eine Ringkammer (14) umgrenzen, daß der äußere Ringmantel (12) mit einem Zuführungsstutzen (15) für Wasser und der innere Tragmantel (11) auf der dem Zuführungsstutzen (15) abgewandten Seite der Ring­kammer (14) mit einer Durchtrittsöffnung (16) versehen ist.1. Tube bundle heat exchanger with tubes (1), which are held on both sides in tube plates (3, 4), for heat exchange between substances with a high pressure difference, of which the substance flowing through the tubes (1) has a high inlet temperature, the one tube plate (3) is thin in relation to the other tube plate (4) and is supported on a support plate (7) which is connected to a jacket (2) surrounding the tube bundle and which tubes (1) pass through the support plate (7) are surrounded by an annular gap (10), characterized in that support fingers (9) are provided between the thin tube plate (3) and the support plate (7), that the support plate (7) with an inner support jacket (11) and the thin tube plate (3) is connected to an outer support jacket (12) which are connected to the jacket (2) surrounding the tube bundle and define an annular chamber (14) that the outer ring jacket (12) with a feed pipe (15) for water and inner cladding (11) is provided with a passage opening (16) on the side of the annular chamber (14) facing away from the feed connector (15). 2. Rohrbündel-Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringkammer (14) zwischen dem Zuführungsstutzen (15) und der Durch­trittsöffnung (16) durch zwei den Querschnitt der Ringkammer (14) überdeckende Trennbleche (17) durch­setzt ist.2. Tube-bundle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular chamber (14) between the feed pipe (15) and the passage opening (16) is penetrated by two separating plates (17) covering the cross-section of the annular chamber (14). 3. Rohrbündel-Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Ringkammer (14) zu beiden Seiten der Trennbleche (17) Leitbleche (18) angeordnet sind, die die Trag­platte (7) umschließen und einen Teil des Eintritts­querschnittes des Zwischenraumes (8) zwischen der Tragplatte (7) und der dünnen Rohrplatte (3) über­decken.3. Pipe bundle heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the annular chamber (14) on both sides of the separating plates (17) baffles (18) are arranged which enclose the support plate (7) and part of the inlet cross section of the intermediate space (8) cover between the support plate (7) and the thin tube plate (3).
EP86107768A 1985-09-18 1986-06-06 Tube bundle exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP0219605B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3533219A DE3533219C1 (en) 1985-09-18 1985-09-18 Tube bundle heat exchanger
DE3533219 1985-09-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0219605A1 true EP0219605A1 (en) 1987-04-29
EP0219605B1 EP0219605B1 (en) 1988-06-08
EP0219605B2 EP0219605B2 (en) 1991-05-02

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ID=6281244

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86107768A Expired - Lifetime EP0219605B2 (en) 1985-09-18 1986-06-06 Tube bundle exchanger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4700773A (en)
EP (1) EP0219605B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH0781793B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3533219C1 (en)
SU (1) SU1443814A3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0219605B1 (en) 1988-06-08
JPS6269091A (en) 1987-03-30
US4700773A (en) 1987-10-20
JPH0781793B2 (en) 1995-09-06
DE3660297D1 (en) 1988-07-14
DE3533219C1 (en) 1986-11-13
SU1443814A3 (en) 1988-12-07
EP0219605B2 (en) 1991-05-02

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