EP0217777B1 - Wärmerohr mit kapillarer Struktur - Google Patents

Wärmerohr mit kapillarer Struktur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0217777B1
EP0217777B1 EP19860870111 EP86870111A EP0217777B1 EP 0217777 B1 EP0217777 B1 EP 0217777B1 EP 19860870111 EP19860870111 EP 19860870111 EP 86870111 A EP86870111 A EP 86870111A EP 0217777 B1 EP0217777 B1 EP 0217777B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat pipe
heat exchange
exchange surface
partition
partitions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19860870111
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0217777A1 (de
Inventor
Ranbir Singh Bhatti
Stéphane Van Oost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Belge De Constructions Aeronautiques Sabca SA
Original Assignee
Belge De Constructions Aeronautiques Sabca SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE0/215549A priority Critical patent/BE903187A/fr
Priority claimed from BE0/215549A external-priority patent/BE903187A/fr
Application filed by Belge De Constructions Aeronautiques Sabca SA filed Critical Belge De Constructions Aeronautiques Sabca SA
Priority to AT86870111T priority patent/ATE45212T1/de
Publication of EP0217777A1 publication Critical patent/EP0217777A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0217777B1 publication Critical patent/EP0217777B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure

Definitions

  • a heat pipe is in the general form of a tube, of any section, hermetically sealed, the internal wall of which is lined with capillary tissue soaked in an adequate liquid.
  • this tube is heated, the liquid evaporates on the heated side while the vapor condenses on the cooled side. Finally, the condensate is returned to its starting point by capillary suction of the tissue.
  • the vapor phase in the heat pipe is quasi-isothermal, the only gradients occur by conduction of the evaporator and the condenser.
  • the heat pipe is therefore a quasi-isothermal system whatever its length.
  • the maximum heat transport capacity of the heat pipe is governed by the balance of the driving pressures (gravity, capillary suction) and the resistant pressures (pressure drops).
  • the subject of the invention is an internal structure of improved heat pipes which overcomes the drawbacks of conventional lattice capillary structures.
  • a heat pipe characterized by at least one permeable partition developing into a sheet brought into contact at regular intervals with the heat exchange surface so as to form therewith capillary channels having as lateral edges of the abovementioned joints and in such a way that said capillary channels have corners at an acute angle along their lateral edges, each partition having openings having a diameter or a width at least approximately equal to the maximum height of a channel.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section of a cylindrical heat pipe according to the invention.
  • the outer tube 1 of the heat pipe constitutes the heat exchange surface of the evaporator zone.
  • the inner surface of the tube 1 is advantageously formed with grooves 2, the role of which will be seen below.
  • a first permeable partition 3 developing along a hexagonal parallelipipedic surface, the edges A, B ... of the parallelipipedic surface being for example welded to the tube 1.
  • several longitudinal capillary channels 10 are thus formed for the circulation of a liquid.
  • a second permeable partition 4 forming with the partition 3 several capillary channels 20 parallel to the channels 10.
  • a third partition 5 forming with the partition 4 of the longitudinal capillary channels 30. Additional partitions could also be provided in a similar manner.
  • a characteristic feature of the structure according to the invention is that the capillary channels 10, 20, 30 formed by the partitions inside the tube 1 have corners at an acute angle, such as 101, 102, 202, 301, 302 by example.
  • a second characteristic feature of the invention is the formation of a plurality of openings 6 in the partitions 3, 4.5.
  • the vapor bubbles which form in the liquid channels 10, 20, 30 and which would tend to stagnate there are animated by a capillary push developed in a corner, which expels them from the corners 101 , 102, 201 ?? and bring them to the openings 6 which immediately evacuate them to the adjacent interior channel and finally into the central vapor channel 40 (see Figure 1).
  • This avoids the formation of steam plugs and an insulating vapor film which limit the transportable power in conventional heat pipes.
  • the grooves 2 advantageously formed in the internal face of the tube 1 and which have been mentioned previously, distributes the liquid, preferably housed in the aforementioned corners, over the entire internal surface of the tube subjected to the heat flow.
  • the aforementioned openings 6 have nothing to do with the meshes of a trellis usually used to constitute the permeable partitions.
  • the openings 6 are made in the partition with dimensions and a pitch chosen as a function of the maximum radial width of the channels. Designating by E the maximum height of a liquid channel, the optimal value of the diameter or width ci of the openings is equal to approximately E.
  • the step e it is advantageous to choose it as small as possible, at the limit even of zero value, that is to say that the openings would be continuous slits. In practice, however, it has proved to be interesting and sufficient to choose the step equal to 4d.
  • FIG. 3 shows a heat pipe with a surface.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment in which the heat exchange surface 1 is planar.
  • this arrangement also has an appreciable mechanical advantage: that of allowing the bending of the heat pipe without degradation of the heat transport capacity, the geometric shape liquid channels remaining in conformity with its initial arrangement thanks to the mechanical support of the folded partitions, kept in contact with the surface of the tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Wärmerohr mit einer Wärmeaustauscherfläche und mindestens einer durchlässigen Zwischenwand, die mit der Wärmeaustauscherfläche mehrere Kanäle bildet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die oder jede Zwischenwand (3, 4...) entsprechend einem Mantel entwickelt, der in regelmäßigen Abständen (A, B, C...) so mit einem mit der Wärmeaustauscherfläche (1) in Kontakt gebracht ist, daß er mit dieser kapillare Kanäle (10, 20, 30...) bildet, die als seitliche Begrenzung die vorgenannten Verbindungsstellen (A, B, C...) aufweisen, und die kapillaren Kanäle entlang ihren seitlichen Begrenzungen spitzwinkelige Ecken (101, 102, 201...) aufweisen, und daß die oder jede Zwischenwand (3, 4...) Öffnungen (6) aufweist, die einen Durchmesser oder eine Weite (d) zumindest ungefähr gleich der maximalen Höhe (E) eines Kanals haben.
2. Wärmerohr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mehrere Zwischenwände (3, 4,
5...) aufweist, die in regelmäßigen Abständen miteinander und mit der Wärmeaustauscherfläche in Kontakt gebracht sind.
3. Wärmerohr nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischenwand oder die Zwischenwände (3, 4...) sich entsprechend einer parallelepipedischen polygonalen Fläche entwickeln, die in einer zylindrischen Wärmeaustauscherfläche eingeschrieben ist.
4. Wärmerohr nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischenwand oder die Zwischenwände (3, 4...) sich entsprechend einer beliebigen polyedrischen Fläche entwickeln.
5. Wärmerohr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenseite der Wärmeaustauscherfläche (1) senkrecht auf die Längsrichtung der vorgenannten Kanäle stehende Rillen (2) aufweist.
6. Wärmerohr nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenseite der Wärmeaustauscherfläche (1) plan ist.
EP19860870111 1985-09-05 1986-08-11 Wärmerohr mit kapillarer Struktur Expired EP0217777B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE0/215549A BE903187A (fr) 1985-09-05 1985-09-05 Caloduc capillaire
AT86870111T ATE45212T1 (de) 1985-09-05 1986-08-11 Waermerohr mit kapillarer struktur.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE215549 1985-09-05
BE0/215549A BE903187A (fr) 1985-09-05 1985-09-05 Caloduc capillaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0217777A1 EP0217777A1 (de) 1987-04-08
EP0217777B1 true EP0217777B1 (de) 1989-08-02

Family

ID=3843924

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860870111 Expired EP0217777B1 (de) 1985-09-05 1986-08-11 Wärmerohr mit kapillarer Struktur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0217777B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3664809D1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4219781C1 (de) * 1992-06-17 1993-09-16 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh, 2800 Bremen, De

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6843308B1 (en) 2000-12-01 2005-01-18 Atmostat Etudes Et Recherches Heat exchanger device using a two-phase active fluid, and a method of manufacturing such a device
JP3661862B2 (ja) * 2002-02-05 2005-06-22 独立行政法人 宇宙航空研究開発機構 アキュムレータ

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3598177A (en) * 1968-10-29 1971-08-10 Gen Electric Conduit having a zero contact angle with an alkali working fluid and method of forming
US3892273A (en) * 1973-07-09 1975-07-01 Perkin Elmer Corp Heat pipe lobar wicking arrangement
US4019571A (en) * 1974-10-31 1977-04-26 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Gravity assisted wick system for condensers, evaporators and heat pipes

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4219781C1 (de) * 1992-06-17 1993-09-16 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh, 2800 Bremen, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0217777A1 (de) 1987-04-08
DE3664809D1 (en) 1989-09-07

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