EP0216506A1 - Roof bolting method - Google Patents
Roof bolting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0216506A1 EP0216506A1 EP86306475A EP86306475A EP0216506A1 EP 0216506 A1 EP0216506 A1 EP 0216506A1 EP 86306475 A EP86306475 A EP 86306475A EP 86306475 A EP86306475 A EP 86306475A EP 0216506 A1 EP0216506 A1 EP 0216506A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roof
- bolting
- automatic
- mining
- machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241001625808 Trona Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- SHXWCVYOXRDMCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine Chemical compound CNC(C)CC1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 SHXWCVYOXRDMCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000110847 Kochia Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
- E21D20/006—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts having magazines for storing and feeding anchoring-bolts
Definitions
- This invention relates to an automatic roof bolter.
- Mining seams of minerals such as trona or coal found in relatively deep underground formations has always caused problems of maintaining proper support of the roof structure or overhead rock strata after the mineral or coal has been removed from the seam.
- Most mining machines have therefore had limited ability to mine to a relatively great depth in a seam without backing out to allow a bolter to be moved into the mined seam to place roof bolts into the overhead seam of rock (or mine roof) to provide support for the roof against cave-in.
- This problem has been overcome to some degree by various means such as attaching roof bolters to the mining machine itself and configuring the bolter apparatus such that it hydraulically places and locks into position both floor and roof jacks to prevent vibration and motion of the roof-bolting mechanism during the bolting operation.
- a non-automatic bolter requires an operator to manually mount a drill, drill a hole, remove the drill, mount a bolt and secure the bolt.
- An automatic bolting machine automatically conducts the above series of steps sequentially after the machine is actuated. All bolting machines normally have their own motive and power source, independent of any mining machines which they follow.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,199,193 to Damron et al. provides for non-automatic roof bolters to be attached to floor and ceiling jacks which are hydraulically and flexibly attached to the miner. The floor and roof jacks are placed into position with the hydraulically extensible means allowing the miner to continue to move while fixedly holding the roof bolter in a position in which it can be operated.
- a continuous mining system for extracting minerals, coal, trona or other desired material from an underground seam has been developed which has the capacity, while continuing the mining operation, of conducting roof bolting operations which can be performed by either the mining machine operator or by a separate bolting machine operator without the necessity of stopping and withdrawing the miner from the minable material face being mined.
- an automatic bolting machine containing a bolt magazine and a drill and bolt driver which can be indexed into position for the required operation of drilling or bolting is electrically or hydraulically moved into pressure contact with the roof of the mined entry at the point where a roof bolt is desired to be emplaced.
- a drill is then indexed into position and accuated by a power unit.
- the hole is drilled to the desired depth to accomodate the desired roof bolt.
- the drill is withdrawn from the hole, indexed away from the drilled hole.
- a bolt is automatically removed from the bolt magazine and placed in position in the bolter driver which is indexed into position, drives and secures the bolt into the roof. This entire operation is conducted without placing floor support jacks in position to stabilize the bolter.
- the continuous miner continues to mine the minable material coal face during the bolting operation.
- It is the primary object of this invention to provide a continuous mining system comprising a continuous mining machine which carries it own fixedly mounted automatic roof-bolting mechanism which can be actuated to contact the mine roof and emplace a roof bolt without the necessity of securing the roof bolter against vibration by the placement of floor jacks, in which the bolting operation can be conducted while the continuous miner is actively mining the minable material face.
- the drilling and bolting operation can be conducted through hydraulic electronic or mechanically sequenced drilling and bolting steps by either an operator separate from the miner operator or, more preferably, by the continuous miner operator.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of a conventional type of continuous miner, such as a Joy 12HM9 or 12HM10 (manufactured by Joy Mahinery of Frankin, PA), which has been lenthened to allow the mounting of automatic roof-bolting equipment on the miner.
- a continuous mining machine is a mining machine designed to remove minable material from the minable material face and to load the material into cars or converyors without the use of cutting machines, drills or explosives. It is preferred to locate the automatic bolting equipment as far forward on the miner as possible to allow roof bolting as early as possible to prevent cave-ins. It is thus particularly desirable to mount the automatic bolting equipment ahead of the operator or operators on the machine where safety regulations require.
- the automatic bolting equipment may, if desired, be mounted at any desired space on the miner. Depending on the size, length and width of the machine, one or more automatic bolting machines are mounted on the continuous miner. The frequency and spacing of bolts is determined by safety requirements.
- the automatic bolting machine mechanism 1 is fixedly mounted to the chassis of a continuous mining machine 2, which contains cutter heads 3 driven by driver mechanism 13 and a mined material discharge conveyor 4 and an adjustable conveyor tail piece 14.
- the automatic bolting mechanism 1 is mounted to an extensible mechanism 5 by which the automatic bolting mechanism 1 is moved vertically until an anchor stud 12 comes into pressure contact with the mine roof 6.
- the automatic bolting sequence is then initiated in which a drilling mechanism 7 is indexed onto position 14 and actuated to drill a hole 20 in the mine roof 6.
- the drilling mechanism 7 is then withdrawn and indexed back to its original position.
- a bolt is automatically removed from a bolt magazine 8 and is indexed into the bolt driver 9, the driver 9 is indexed into position 14, the bolt is pushed up into the drilled hole and tightened to lock it into position.
- Any automatic bolting system may be used, such as Tamrock Robolt built by Tampella-Tamrock of Finland. These automatic bolters are well known in the industry but have previously only been attached to boom arms extending from the bolting mechanism's own motive and power source separate from a mining machine.
- the automatic bolter 1 is raised by extensible mechanism 5 which can be driven by conventional means such as hydraulic or electric motors.
- extensible mechanism 5 can be driven by conventional means such as hydraulic or electric motors.
- the drilling mechanism 7 and the bolt driver 9 can also be driven by hydraulic or electric motors.
- the cutter heads on the continuous miner are conventional heads such as drum, fixed and ossillating heads and contact the mine face 19 to remove minable material.
- the miner may carry a stabilization jack 15 to stabilize the miner during mining operations.
- the miner controls 16 and the automatic bolter controls 17 are shown in FIG. 1 where the miner operator can operate both the miner and the automatic bolter.
- An alternate embodiment would place the automatic bolter controls in area 18 to be operated by an operator other than the miner operator.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to an automatic roof bolter.
- Mining seams of minerals such as trona or coal found in relatively deep underground formations has always caused problems of maintaining proper support of the roof structure or overhead rock strata after the mineral or coal has been removed from the seam. Most mining machines have therefore had limited ability to mine to a relatively great depth in a seam without backing out to allow a bolter to be moved into the mined seam to place roof bolts into the overhead seam of rock (or mine roof) to provide support for the roof against cave-in. This problem has been overcome to some degree by various means such as attaching roof bolters to the mining machine itself and configuring the bolter apparatus such that it hydraulically places and locks into position both floor and roof jacks to prevent vibration and motion of the roof-bolting mechanism during the bolting operation.
- Various means in the prior art have been utilized to provide such a stable platform for the roof-bolting operation, which consists of drilling the hole in the roof, inserting a bolt with an expansion shell end (similar to a molly bolt) and tightening the bolt into position. This has been achieved using non-automatic and automatic independent bolters.
- To date only non-automatic bolters have been mounted on mining machines. A non-automatic bolter requires an operator to manually mount a drill, drill a hole, remove the drill, mount a bolt and secure the bolt. An automatic bolting machine automatically conducts the above series of steps sequentially after the machine is actuated. All bolting machines normally have their own motive and power source, independent of any mining machines which they follow.
- This operation has required great stability, which has been achieved with non-automatic bolters as disclosed in patents such as U.S. Patent No. 3,647,262, to Kemarey, which provides a detachable and movable roof-bolting system. The system is carried by the miner, deploys floor and ceiling jacks to hold the bolter in position, performs the drilling and bolting operation, is recoupled to the mining machine and advanced forward on the mining machine to its original position so as to be in position to detach and perform the next roof bolting sequence. U.S. Patent No. 3,493,058 to J. Zitko, provides a similar system. U.S. Patent No. 4,173,373 to Campbell et al. provides a means for carrying non-automatic bolters on an extensible conveyor, which gives and takes slack between the continuous miner and the roof bolters when they are fixed in position during the bolting operation. U.S. Patent No. 4,199,193 to Damron et al. provides for non-automatic roof bolters to be attached to floor and ceiling jacks which are hydraulically and flexibly attached to the miner. The floor and roof jacks are placed into position with the hydraulically extensible means allowing the miner to continue to move while fixedly holding the roof bolter in a position in which it can be operated.
- A continuous mining system for extracting minerals, coal, trona or other desired material from an underground seam has been developed which has the capacity, while continuing the mining operation, of conducting roof bolting operations which can be performed by either the mining machine operator or by a separate bolting machine operator without the necessity of stopping and withdrawing the miner from the minable material face being mined. During the bolting operation, an automatic bolting machine containing a bolt magazine and a drill and bolt driver which can be indexed into position for the required operation of drilling or bolting is electrically or hydraulically moved into pressure contact with the roof of the mined entry at the point where a roof bolt is desired to be emplaced. A drill is then indexed into position and accuated by a power unit. The hole is drilled to the desired depth to accomodate the desired roof bolt. The drill is withdrawn from the hole, indexed away from the drilled hole. A bolt is automatically removed from the bolt magazine and placed in position in the bolter driver which is indexed into position, drives and secures the bolt into the roof. This entire operation is conducted without placing floor support jacks in position to stabilize the bolter. The continuous miner continues to mine the minable material coal face during the bolting operation.
- Referring to the accompanying illustrative drawings:
- FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a continuous mining machine embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the continuous mining machine emboding the present invention showing the automatic bolter deployed into drilling and bolting position against the mine roof.
- FIG. 3 is an expanded top plan view of the automatic bolter.
- FIG. 4 is an expanded side elevation of the automatic bolter in retracted position.
- It is the primary object of this invention to provide a continuous mining system comprising a continuous mining machine which carries it own fixedly mounted automatic roof-bolting mechanism which can be actuated to contact the mine roof and emplace a roof bolt without the necessity of securing the roof bolter against vibration by the placement of floor jacks, in which the bolting operation can be conducted while the continuous miner is actively mining the minable material face. The drilling and bolting operation can be conducted through hydraulic electronic or mechanically sequenced drilling and bolting steps by either an operator separate from the miner operator or, more preferably, by the continuous miner operator.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a top view of a conventional type of continuous miner, such as a Joy 12HM9 or 12HM10 (manufactured by Joy Mahinery of Frankin, PA), which has been lenthened to allow the mounting of automatic roof-bolting equipment on the miner. A continuous mining machine is a mining machine designed to remove minable material from the minable material face and to load the material into cars or converyors without the use of cutting machines, drills or explosives. It is preferred to locate the automatic bolting equipment as far forward on the miner as possible to allow roof bolting as early as possible to prevent cave-ins. It is thus particularly desirable to mount the automatic bolting equipment ahead of the operator or operators on the machine where safety regulations require. The automatic bolting equipment may, if desired, be mounted at any desired space on the miner. Depending on the size, length and width of the machine, one or more automatic bolting machines are mounted on the continuous miner. The frequency and spacing of bolts is determined by safety requirements.
- The automatic bolting machine mechanism 1 is fixedly mounted to the chassis of a
continuous mining machine 2, which containscutter heads 3 driven bydriver mechanism 13 and a mined material discharge conveyor 4 and an adjustableconveyor tail piece 14. The automatic bolting mechanism 1 is mounted to anextensible mechanism 5 by which the automatic bolting mechanism 1 is moved vertically until ananchor stud 12 comes into pressure contact with themine roof 6. The automatic bolting sequence is then initiated in which adrilling mechanism 7 is indexed ontoposition 14 and actuated to drill ahole 20 in themine roof 6. Thedrilling mechanism 7 is then withdrawn and indexed back to its original position. A bolt is automatically removed from abolt magazine 8 and is indexed into thebolt driver 9, thedriver 9 is indexed intoposition 14, the bolt is pushed up into the drilled hole and tightened to lock it into position. Any automatic bolting system may be used, such as Tamrock Robolt built by Tampella-Tamrock of Finland. These automatic bolters are well known in the industry but have previously only been attached to boom arms extending from the bolting mechanism's own motive and power source separate from a mining machine. - The automatic bolter 1 is raised by
extensible mechanism 5 which can be driven by conventional means such as hydraulic or electric motors. Thedrilling mechanism 7 and thebolt driver 9 can also be driven by hydraulic or electric motors. - The cutter heads on the continuous miner are conventional heads such as drum, fixed and ossillating heads and contact the
mine face 19 to remove minable material. - Depending on the type of continuous miner used, the miner may carry a
stabilization jack 15 to stabilize the miner during mining operations. - The miner controls 16 and the
automatic bolter controls 17 are shown in FIG. 1 where the miner operator can operate both the miner and the automatic bolter. An alternate embodiment would place the automatic bolter controls inarea 18 to be operated by an operator other than the miner operator.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US76854385A | 1985-08-23 | 1985-08-23 | |
US768543 | 1985-08-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0216506A1 true EP0216506A1 (en) | 1987-04-01 |
EP0216506B1 EP0216506B1 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
Family
ID=25082794
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86306475A Expired - Lifetime EP0216506B1 (en) | 1985-08-23 | 1986-08-21 | Roof bolting method |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0216506B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6255396A (en) |
AU (1) | AU582010B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3675131D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK402586A (en) |
ES (1) | ES2002473A6 (en) |
FI (1) | FI863357A (en) |
NO (1) | NO863380L (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA866366B (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002020946A1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-03-14 | Voest-Alpine Bergtechnik | Method for boring and placing bolts for imbedding adhesively and device for carrying out this method |
US6698529B2 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2004-03-02 | Oldenburg Cannon, Inc. | Translating turret rock bolter |
US20100221071A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2010-09-02 | J. H. Fletcher & Co | Remotely controlled mining machines, control systems, and related methods |
WO2011057603A3 (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2011-10-13 | Dh Mining System Gmbh | Compact roadheader |
WO2017125126A1 (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-07-27 | Hazemag & Epr Gmbh | Header and loading machine, and method for excavating rock |
CN113494302A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-12 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Anchor rod drilling machine |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT5578U1 (en) | 2001-04-25 | 2002-08-26 | Voest Alpine Bergtechnik | PITCHING OR EXTRACTION MACHINE |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3493058A (en) * | 1968-04-30 | 1970-02-03 | Consolidation Coal Co | Roof drilling and bolting method and apparatus |
DE1807972B2 (en) * | 1968-11-09 | 1971-09-09 | Demag Ag, 4100 Duisburg | Anchor hole drilling device for a tunnel driven by a tunnel boring machine |
US3647262A (en) * | 1970-01-07 | 1972-03-07 | Charles W Kacmarcy | Roof bolting method and assembly |
US4173373A (en) * | 1977-08-25 | 1979-11-06 | Peabody Coal Company, Inc. | Advance method and apparatus for mining |
US4199193A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-04-22 | Acme Machinery Company | Underground mining machine having temporary roof support means and roof bolting means associated therewith |
GB2075091A (en) * | 1980-05-01 | 1981-11-11 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Mining and bolting method and apparatus |
DE3108877A1 (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1982-01-07 | Voest - Alpine AG, 1011 Wien | Method of producing bolted supports as well as apparatus for carrying out this method |
WO1985000636A1 (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-14 | Kembla Coal & Coke Pty. Limited | Continuous mining machine |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4297057A (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1981-10-27 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Pivotal roof bolter and extendable rotatable protective canopy for mining machine |
AU1582783A (en) * | 1983-06-16 | 1984-12-20 | Rhone-Poulenc Sante | Process for the preparation of tetrahydrothiopen - and tetrahydrothiopyran-derivatives |
-
1986
- 1986-08-20 FI FI863357A patent/FI863357A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-21 EP EP86306475A patent/EP0216506B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-08-21 DE DE8686306475T patent/DE3675131D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-08-22 JP JP61196985A patent/JPS6255396A/en active Pending
- 1986-08-22 AU AU61783/86A patent/AU582010B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-08-22 ES ES8601300A patent/ES2002473A6/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-22 NO NO863380A patent/NO863380L/en unknown
- 1986-08-22 DK DK402586A patent/DK402586A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-08-22 ZA ZA866366A patent/ZA866366B/en unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3493058A (en) * | 1968-04-30 | 1970-02-03 | Consolidation Coal Co | Roof drilling and bolting method and apparatus |
DE1807972B2 (en) * | 1968-11-09 | 1971-09-09 | Demag Ag, 4100 Duisburg | Anchor hole drilling device for a tunnel driven by a tunnel boring machine |
US3647262A (en) * | 1970-01-07 | 1972-03-07 | Charles W Kacmarcy | Roof bolting method and assembly |
US4173373A (en) * | 1977-08-25 | 1979-11-06 | Peabody Coal Company, Inc. | Advance method and apparatus for mining |
US4199193A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-04-22 | Acme Machinery Company | Underground mining machine having temporary roof support means and roof bolting means associated therewith |
DE3108877A1 (en) * | 1980-03-27 | 1982-01-07 | Voest - Alpine AG, 1011 Wien | Method of producing bolted supports as well as apparatus for carrying out this method |
GB2075091A (en) * | 1980-05-01 | 1981-11-11 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Mining and bolting method and apparatus |
WO1985000636A1 (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1985-02-14 | Kembla Coal & Coke Pty. Limited | Continuous mining machine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
COAL AGE, vol. 83, no. 2, February 1978, pages 72-99, New York, US; N.P. CHIRONIS "New mining ideas abound in 1978" * |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002020946A1 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2002-03-14 | Voest-Alpine Bergtechnik | Method for boring and placing bolts for imbedding adhesively and device for carrying out this method |
AT410002B (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2003-01-27 | Voest Alpine Bergtechnik | METHOD FOR DRILLING AND SETTING ADHESIVE ANCHORS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
US6698529B2 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2004-03-02 | Oldenburg Cannon, Inc. | Translating turret rock bolter |
US20100221071A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2010-09-02 | J. H. Fletcher & Co | Remotely controlled mining machines, control systems, and related methods |
WO2011057603A3 (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2011-10-13 | Dh Mining System Gmbh | Compact roadheader |
CN102713144A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2012-10-03 | Dh采矿系统有限责任公司 | Compact selective roadheader |
US20130106167A1 (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2013-05-02 | Dh Mining System Gmbh | Compact Roadheader |
EA022139B1 (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2015-11-30 | Дх Майнинг Систем Гмбх | Compact selective-action roadheader |
AU2010317206B2 (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2016-03-10 | Dh Mining System Gmbh | Compact roadheader |
WO2017125126A1 (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-07-27 | Hazemag & Epr Gmbh | Header and loading machine, and method for excavating rock |
EA034425B1 (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2020-02-06 | Хацемаг Унд Эпр Гмбх | Header and loading machine, and method for excavating rock |
CN113494302A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-12 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Anchor rod drilling machine |
CN113494302B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2024-01-30 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Roof bolter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO863380D0 (en) | 1986-08-22 |
AU6178386A (en) | 1987-02-26 |
ZA866366B (en) | 1987-05-27 |
DK402586D0 (en) | 1986-08-22 |
DE3675131D1 (en) | 1990-11-29 |
AU582010B2 (en) | 1989-03-09 |
ES2002473A6 (en) | 1988-08-16 |
EP0216506B1 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
FI863357A0 (en) | 1986-08-20 |
JPS6255396A (en) | 1987-03-11 |
NO863380L (en) | 1987-02-24 |
DK402586A (en) | 1987-02-24 |
FI863357A (en) | 1987-02-24 |
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