EP0216036A1 - Fast dissolving alloying agent for molten metals - Google Patents
Fast dissolving alloying agent for molten metals Download PDFInfo
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- EP0216036A1 EP0216036A1 EP86109118A EP86109118A EP0216036A1 EP 0216036 A1 EP0216036 A1 EP 0216036A1 EP 86109118 A EP86109118 A EP 86109118A EP 86109118 A EP86109118 A EP 86109118A EP 0216036 A1 EP0216036 A1 EP 0216036A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- component
- alloy
- metal
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910002065 alloy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a quick-dissolving additive for molten metals for introducing alloying elements into metals.
- the alloy elements are usually added to the liquid metal bath in solid form.
- aluminum is alloyed with magnesium to achieve better strengths, with silicon to improve castability and strength, with manganese and chromium to increase strength and corrosion resistance.
- a whole series of other alloying elements are known for specifically influencing the alloy properties.
- the alloying metals in the form of master alloys which have a higher melting point than the base metal, have previously been added in order to achieve rapid dissolution.
- the disadvantage of these master alloys is their limited alloy metal content.
- the standard alloys for aluminum alloy only contain a maximum of 20% silicon, up to 20% chromium or up to 50% Mn in addition to aluminum.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of creating an additive for molten metals which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned and, in particular despite the high concentration of alloy metal, dissolves quickly and completely in the liquid base metal and does not cause any losses.
- the additive 2 to 50 wt .-% of a powdery component A, consisting of magnesium and / or a magnesium-containing alloy, and 50 to 98 wt .-% of a powdery component B, consisting of one or more Alloy metal (s) contains or consists of, and that components A and B are intimately mixed in compressed or compacted form.
- the additives according to the invention have an unexpectedly high dissolution rate, even at very high alloy metal contents, which is higher than that for comparable aluminum-containing alloying agents. In addition, no interfering foreign substances are released, which may cause losses of base metal.
- Component A can consist of pure magnesium and / or a magnesium-containing alloy, insofar as this does not introduce technically unacceptable amounts of impurities into the base metal when using the additives according to the invention.
- a magnesium-containing alloy is understood to mean those alloys which contain at least 50% magnesium.
- the magnesium may preferably also contain aluminum or manganese, but also zinc or silicon, as alloy components.
- the mass fraction of component A should be as low as possible with good dissolving properties of the alloying agents. Depending on the density of the alloy metal, 2% by weight of component A is sufficient. In the range from 5 to 10% by weight of magnesium component A, an optimal combination of dissolution rate and concentration of the alloying elements in the additive is achieved. When component A is in the range from 10 to 50% by weight, the concentration of the alloying elements in the additive is reduced without the dissolution rate being significantly improved at the same time.
- Component B which is contained in the additive in a proportion of 50 to 98% by weight, preferably 90 to 98% by weight, consists of one or more alloy metal (s).
- alloy metal s
- all alloying elements can be used, with chromium, manganese and / or iron being preferred due to their technical importance.
- other alloy elements such as Ni, Co, Cu, Ag, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo and W can also be present individually or in groups in component B.
- the alloy metal does not have to be in pure form, but also alloys or mixtures several metals are present, provided that this does not cause any undesirable impurities in the base metal.
- both component A and component B are present in compacted or pressed form and have been produced by pressing or compacting the intimately mixed powder components.
- the additive can be in the form of briquettes, tablets or pellets or the like, the size of these bodies being able to be varied within wide limits. It is only essential that the body has a sufficiently high sinking rate in the metal bath for which it is intended, and that the body does not have a thickness that is too large to have an acceptable dissolution rate.
- the maximum thickness of the body can be assumed to be 50 mm, while the preferred range is between 10 and 50 mm.
- the moldings are produced by intimately mixing the powdered components A and B and pressing them with the usual technical devices, such as Tablet or briquette press.
- the particle size of component A should be ⁇ 1 mm, preferably ⁇ 500 ⁇ m, and that of component B should be ⁇ 1 mm, preferably ⁇ 150 ⁇ m, in order to give the moldings a correspondingly large inner surface after the subsequent pressing or compacting, which in turn is responsible for the dissolution rate is essential.
- the additive according to the invention which is added to the liquid metal bath for alloying in an amount of 0.1 to 25% by weight, immediately sinks into the base metal due to the higher specific weight and dissolves completely and without residue formation, a homogeneous Alloy forms.
- base metals or alloys in which the elements introduced by the additive according to the invention can be tolerated and which are specifically lighter than the shaped bodies of the additive can be used as the base metal.
- Particularly suitable base metals are pure aluminum or aluminum alloys as well as pure magnesium or magnesium alloys, in which the advantages of the invention, such as high dissolution rate and high concentration of alloy constituent, were particularly evident.
- Chromium-containing additives which consisted of pressed mixtures 21 mm in diameter and approximately 25 mm in height, were added to the melt. The chrome addition corresponded to 0.2% of the aluminum. Samples were taken after 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 minutes and their chromium content was determined. After the complete dissolution, a chromium addition corresponding to 0.2% of the aluminum was made again, so that a final content of 0.4% chromium resulted. Samples were taken as previously described.
- Chromium powder of finer 250 ⁇ m, magnesium powder with a grain size of 250-62 ⁇ m and aluminum powder with a grain size of 430-75 ⁇ m were used for the mixture compacts.
- the intimate mixture was compressed in a tablet press to approx. 70 - 80% of the theoretical density.
- Table 1 shows the mixtures used, the density of the compacts and their dissolving behavior.
- Example No. 3 shows that even with 96% chromium in a mixture with magnesium, the dissolution behavior is comparable to comparative example No. 4, in which only 75.8% chromium was mixed with aluminum.
- Comparative example 5 further shows that the aluminum-containing mixtures react unfavorably to an increase in the chromium content from 75.8 to 88.4% in the mixture and that significantly longer dissolution times are necessary.
- inventive examples Nos. 1, 2 and 3 show that the dissolving behavior of the magnesium-containing mixtures is much less due to an increase in the Chromium content of the mixture is influenced from 80.8% to 90.9% to 96%.
- Comparative Example No. 6 a mixture containing chloride and fluoride salts was used. In contrast to the mixtures used in Examples Nos. 1 to 5, there was a violent reaction after the addition to the molten aluminum base metal, in which gases were released which burned on the metal bath surface with a glowing flame. In addition, approximately 100 g of aluminum-containing slag formed. This corresponds to a loss of aluminum of about 56 g, which did not occur in the salt-free mixtures of Examples Nos. 1 to 5.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Es wird ein schnellösliches Zusatzmittel für Metallschmelzen beschrieben, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es 2 bis 50 Gew.-% einer Komponente A bestehend aus Magnesium und/oder einer magnesiumhaltigen Legierung und 50 bis 98 Gew.-% einer Komponente B bestehend aus einem oder mehreren Legierungsmetall(en) enthält und daß die Komponenten A und B in verpreßter oder kompaktierter Form vorliegen, welche aus innig vermischten Pulvern hergestellt wurde. Das erfindungsgemäße Zusatzmittel löst sich trotz hoher Konzentration an Legierungsmetall(en) rasch und vollständig im flüssigen Grundmetall auf, ohne daß dabei Verluste an Grundmetall verursacht werden.A fast-soluble additive for metal melts is described, which is characterized in that it contains 2 to 50% by weight of a component A consisting of magnesium and / or a magnesium-containing alloy and 50 to 98% by weight of a component B consisting of or contains several alloy metal (s) and that components A and B are present in compressed or compacted form, which was produced from intimately mixed powders. Despite the high concentration of alloy metal (s), the additive according to the invention dissolves quickly and completely in the liquid base metal without causing losses of base metal.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein schnellösliches Zusatzmittel für Metallschmelzen zur Einführung von Legierungselementen in Metallen.The present invention relates to a quick-dissolving additive for molten metals for introducing alloying elements into metals.
Bei der Herstellung von Metallegierungen werden in der Praxis die Legierungselemente meist in fester Form dem flüssigen Metallbad zugesetzt. Aluminium legiert man z.B. mit Magnesium, um bessere Festigkeiten zu erzielen, mit Silicium, um die Vergießbarkeit und die Festigkeit zu verbessern, mit Mangan und Chrom, um die Festigkeit und die Korrosionsbeständigkeit zu erhöhen. Darüber hinaus sind eine ganze Reihe weiterer Legierungselemente zur gezielten Beeinflussung der Legierungseigenschaften bekannt. Zur Einführung von Legierungselementen wurden bisher vor allem die im Verhältnis zum Grundmetall höher schmelzenden Legierungsmetalle in Form von Vorlegierungen zugegeben, um ein rasches Auflösen zu erreichen. Der Nachteil dieser Vorlegierungen ist ihr begrenzter Gehalt an Legierungsmetall. So enthalten zum Beispiel die Standardvorlegierungen zur Aluminiumlegierung neben Aluminium nur maximal 20 % Silicium, bis zu 20 % Chrom oder bis zu 50 % Mn. Somit müssen dem Legierungselement bis zur 4fachen Menge Aluminium zugesetzt werden, was zu erhöhten Kosten bei Transport, Lagerhaltung, Energieverbrauch usw. führt. Um diese Nachteile zumindest teilweise zu vermeiden, ist es gemäß der US-PS 35 92 637 bekannt, Mischungen aus Aluminium- oder Siliciumpulver mit Pulvern von Legierungsmetallen oder Legierungsmetalllegierungen in brikettierter Form einzusetzen. So werden bspw. Legierungsbriketts mit 25 % Aluminium und 75 % der Metalle Chrom, Mangan und Eisen auf dem Markt angeboten. Der Nachteil dieser Legierungsmittel ist der auf 75 % begrenzte Anteil an Legierungselement und die begrenzte Auflösgeschwindigkeit. Auch die GB-PS 21 12 020 beschreibt ähnliche Mischungen, in denen ein Teil des Aluminiums durch Chlorid- oder Fluorid-Salze ersetzt wird. Die kommerziell erhältlichen Chrom, Mangan und Eisen enthaltenden Tabletten besitzen den Nachteil, daß Chlorid- bzw. Fluorid-Verbindungen bei der Anwendung freigesetzt werden und daß eine merkliche Menge Schlacke gebildet wird, was zu unerwünschten Verlusten an Grundmetall führt.In the production of metal alloys, the alloy elements are usually added to the liquid metal bath in solid form. For example, aluminum is alloyed with magnesium to achieve better strengths, with silicon to improve castability and strength, with manganese and chromium to increase strength and corrosion resistance. In addition, a whole series of other alloying elements are known for specifically influencing the alloy properties. For the introduction of alloying elements, the alloying metals in the form of master alloys, which have a higher melting point than the base metal, have previously been added in order to achieve rapid dissolution. The disadvantage of these master alloys is their limited alloy metal content. For example, the standard alloys for aluminum alloy only contain a maximum of 20% silicon, up to 20% chromium or up to 50% Mn in addition to aluminum. Thus, up to 4 times the amount of aluminum must be added to the alloying element, which leads to increased costs for transport, storage, energy consumption, etc. In order to at least partially avoid these disadvantages, it is known according to US Pat. No. 3,592,637 to use mixtures of aluminum or silicon powder with powders of alloy metals or alloy metal alloys in briquetted form. For example, alloy briquettes with 25% aluminum and 75% of the metals chromium, manganese and iron are offered on the market. The disadvantage of these alloying agents is that 75% content of alloying element and the limited dissolution rate. GB-PS 21 12 020 also describes similar mixtures in which part of the aluminum is replaced by chloride or fluoride salts. The commercially available tablets containing chromium, manganese and iron have the disadvantage that chloride or fluoride compounds are released during use and that a considerable amount of slag is formed, which leads to undesirable losses of base metal.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Zusatzmittel für Metallschmelzen zu schaffen, welches die genannten Nachteile des Standes der Technik nicht aufweist und sich insbesondere trotz hoher Konzentration an Legierungsmetall rasch und vollständig im flüssigen Grundmetall löst und keine Verluste verursacht.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating an additive for molten metals which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art mentioned and, in particular despite the high concentration of alloy metal, dissolves quickly and completely in the liquid base metal and does not cause any losses.
Diese Aufgabe wurde erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Zusatzmittel 2 bis 50 Gew.-% einer pulverförmigen Komponente A, bestehend aus Magnesium und/oder einer magnesiumhaltigen Legierung, und 50 bis 98 Gew.-% einer pulverförmigen Komponente B, bestehend aus einem oder mehreren Legierungsmetall(en) enthält oder daraus besteht, und daß die Komponenten A und B innig vermischt in verpreßter oder kompaktierter Form vorliegen.This object was achieved in that the additive 2 to 50 wt .-% of a powdery component A, consisting of magnesium and / or a magnesium-containing alloy, and 50 to 98 wt .-% of a powdery component B, consisting of one or more Alloy metal (s) contains or consists of, and that components A and B are intimately mixed in compressed or compacted form.
Es hat sich nämlich überraschenderweise gezeigt, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Zusatzmittel selbst bei sehr hohen Gehalten an Legierungsmetall eine unerwartet hohe Auflösegeschwindigkeit besitzen, die höher liegt als die für vergleichbare Aluminium enthaltende Legierungsmittel. Außerdem werden keine störenden Fremdsubstanzen freigesetzt, die evtl. Verluste an Grundmetall verursachen.Surprisingly, it has been shown that the additives according to the invention have an unexpectedly high dissolution rate, even at very high alloy metal contents, which is higher than that for comparable aluminum-containing alloying agents. In addition, no interfering foreign substances are released, which may cause losses of base metal.
Die Komponente A kann aus reinem Magnesium und/oder einer magnesiumhaltigen Legierung bestehen, soweit dadurch beim Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Zusatzmittel nicht technisch unakzeptable Mengen an Verunreingigungen in das Grundmetall eingebracht werden. Unter magnesiumhaltiger Legierung werden im Rahmen der Erfindung solche Legierungen verstanden, die mindestens 50 % Magnesium enthalten. Als Legierungsbestandteile kann das Magnesium vorzugsweise noch Aluminium oder Mangan, aber auch Zink oder Silicium enthalten.Component A can consist of pure magnesium and / or a magnesium-containing alloy, insofar as this does not introduce technically unacceptable amounts of impurities into the base metal when using the additives according to the invention. In the context of the invention, a magnesium-containing alloy is understood to mean those alloys which contain at least 50% magnesium. The magnesium may preferably also contain aluminum or manganese, but also zinc or silicon, as alloy components.
Der Massenanteil der Komponente A soll so niedrig wie möglich bei gleichzeitig guten Auflöseeigenschaften der Legierungsmittel sein. Je nach Dichte des Legierungsmetalls sind bereits 2 Gew.-% der Komponente A ausreichend. Im Bereich von 5 bis 10 Gew.-% der Magnesiumkomponente A wird eine optimale Kombination aus Auflösegeschwindigkeit und Konzentration der Legierungselemente im Zusatzmittel erreicht. Bei Gehalten der Komponente A von 10 bis 50 Gew.-% verringert sich die Konzentration der Legierungselemente im Zusatzmittel, ohne daß gleichzeitig die Auflösegeschwindigkeit wesentlich verbessert wird.The mass fraction of component A should be as low as possible with good dissolving properties of the alloying agents. Depending on the density of the alloy metal, 2% by weight of component A is sufficient. In the range from 5 to 10% by weight of magnesium component A, an optimal combination of dissolution rate and concentration of the alloying elements in the additive is achieved. When component A is in the range from 10 to 50% by weight, the concentration of the alloying elements in the additive is reduced without the dissolution rate being significantly improved at the same time.
Die Komponente B, die zu einem Anteil von 50 bis 98 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 90 bis 98 Gew.-%, im Zusatzmittel enthalten ist, besteht aus einem oder mehreren Legierungsmetall(en). Hierfür kommen im Prinzip alle Legierungselemente in Frage, wobei aufgrund der technischen Bedeutung Chrom, Mangan oder/und Eisen bevorzugt sind. Es können aber auch andere Legierungselemente wie Ni, Co, Cu, Ag, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo und W einzeln oder zu mehreren in Komponente B enthalten sein. Das Legierungsmetall muß nicht in reiner Form vorliegen, sondern es konnen auch Legierungen oder Mischungen mehrerer Metalle vorliegen, soweit dadurch keine unerwünschten Verunreinigungen im Grundmetall hervorgerufen werden.Component B, which is contained in the additive in a proportion of 50 to 98% by weight, preferably 90 to 98% by weight, consists of one or more alloy metal (s). In principle, all alloying elements can be used, with chromium, manganese and / or iron being preferred due to their technical importance. However, other alloy elements such as Ni, Co, Cu, Ag, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo and W can also be present individually or in groups in component B. The alloy metal does not have to be in pure form, but also alloys or mixtures several metals are present, provided that this does not cause any undesirable impurities in the base metal.
Es ist erfindungswesentlich, daß sowohl die Komponente A als auch die Komponente B in kompaktierter oder verpreßter Form vorliegen und durch Verpressen oder Kompaktieren der innig vermischten Pulverkomponenten hergestellt wurden. Das Zusatzmittel kann in Form von Briketts, Tabletten oder Pellets o. ä. vorliegen, wobei die Größe dieser körper in weiten Grenzen variiert werden kann. Wesentlich ist nur, daß der Körper einerseits im Metallbad, für das er bestimmt ist, eine ausreichend große Sinkgeschwindigkeit besitzt und daß andererseits die Körper keine zu große Dicke aufweisen, um eine akzeptable Auflösegeschwindigkeit zu besitzen. Als maximale Dicke der Körper kann 50 mm angenommen werden, während der bevorzugte Bereich zwischen 10 und 50 mm liegt.It is essential to the invention that both component A and component B are present in compacted or pressed form and have been produced by pressing or compacting the intimately mixed powder components. The additive can be in the form of briquettes, tablets or pellets or the like, the size of these bodies being able to be varied within wide limits. It is only essential that the body has a sufficiently high sinking rate in the metal bath for which it is intended, and that the body does not have a thickness that is too large to have an acceptable dissolution rate. The maximum thickness of the body can be assumed to be 50 mm, while the preferred range is between 10 and 50 mm.
Die Herstellung der Formkörper erfolgt durch inniges Vermischen der pulverförmigen Komponenten A und B und das Verpressen mit den üblichen technischen Vorrichtungen wie z.B. Tabletten- oder Brikettpresse. Die Teilchengröße der Komponente A sollte < 1 mm vorzugsweise <500 µm und die der Komponente B sollte <1 mm vorzugsweise <150 µm betragen, um nach dem anschließenden Verpressen oder Kompaktieren den Formkörpern eine entsprechend große innere Oberfläche zu verleihen, die wiederum für die Auflösegeschwindigkeit von wesentlicher Bedeutung ist.The moldings are produced by intimately mixing the powdered components A and B and pressing them with the usual technical devices, such as Tablet or briquette press. The particle size of component A should be <1 mm, preferably <500 μm, and that of component B should be <1 mm, preferably <150 μm, in order to give the moldings a correspondingly large inner surface after the subsequent pressing or compacting, which in turn is responsible for the dissolution rate is essential.
Da die meisten Metalle bei der Herstellung nach den technisch gebräuchlichen Verfahren nicht in Pulverform anfallen, ist eine vorhergehende Zerkleinerung notwen dig, welche gegenbenenfalls nach dem Brechen noch in einem Mahlvorgang in den üblichen Mühlen wie Kugel-, Schwing- oder Proallmühlen besteht.Since most metals are not produced in powder form during production using the technically customary processes, prior comminution is necessary dig, which may also consist of a grinding process in the usual mills such as ball, vibrating or proall mills after breaking.
Das erfindungsgemäße Zusatzmittel, welches in einer Menge von 0,1 bis 25 Gew.-% dem flüssigen Metallbad zum Legieren zugesetzt wird, versinkt aufgrund des höheren spezifischen Gewichts sofort im Grundmetall und löst sich vollständig und ohne Rückstandsbildung in diesem auf, wobei sich eine homogene Legierung bildet.The additive according to the invention, which is added to the liquid metal bath for alloying in an amount of 0.1 to 25% by weight, immediately sinks into the base metal due to the higher specific weight and dissolves completely and without residue formation, a homogeneous Alloy forms.
Als Grundmetall können prinzipiell alle Metalle oder Legierungen verwendet werden, in denen die durch das erfindungsgemäße Zusatzmittel eingebrachten Elemente tolerierbar sind und welche spezifisch leichter sind als die Formkörper des Zusatzmittels. Besonders geeignete Grundmetalle sind reines Aluminium bzw. Aluminiumlegierungen sowie reines Magnesium bzw. Magnesiumlegierungen, bei denen sich die Vorteile der Erfindung wie hohe Auflösungsgeschwindigkeit und hohe Konzentration an Legierungsbestandteil besonders deutlich zeigten.In principle, all metals or alloys in which the elements introduced by the additive according to the invention can be tolerated and which are specifically lighter than the shaped bodies of the additive can be used as the base metal. Particularly suitable base metals are pure aluminum or aluminum alloys as well as pure magnesium or magnesium alloys, in which the advantages of the invention, such as high dissolution rate and high concentration of alloy constituent, were particularly evident.
Die nachfolgenden Beispiele sollen die Erfindung näher erläutern, ohne sich jedoch darauf zu beschränken:The following examples are intended to explain the invention in more detail, but without restricting it thereto:
30 kg Aluminium wurden in einem 2000 Hz Induktionsofen bei 730°C im schmelzflüssigen Zustand gehalten. Der Schmelze wurden Chrom enthaltende Zusatzmittel, die aus gepreßten Mischungen von 21 mm Durchmesser und ca. 25 mm Höhe bestanden, zugegeben. Die Chromzugabe entsprach 0,2 % des Aluminiums. Nach 5, 10, 15, 30 und 60 Minuten wurden Proben entnommen, deren Chromgehalt bestimmt wurde. Nach dem vollständigen Auflösen wurde erneut eine 0,2 % des Aluminiums entsprechende Chromzugabe gemacht, so daß sich ein Endgehalt von 0,4 % Chrom ergab. Proben wurden wie vorher beschrieben genommen.30 kg of aluminum were kept in the molten state in a 2000 Hz induction furnace at 730 ° C. Chromium-containing additives, which consisted of pressed mixtures 21 mm in diameter and approximately 25 mm in height, were added to the melt. The chrome addition corresponded to 0.2% of the aluminum. Samples were taken after 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 minutes and their chromium content was determined. After the complete dissolution, a chromium addition corresponding to 0.2% of the aluminum was made again, so that a final content of 0.4% chromium resulted. Samples were taken as previously described.
Für die Mischungspreßlinge wurde Chrompulver feiner 250 µm, Magnesiumpulver der Körnung 250-62 µm sowie Aluminiumpulver der Körnung 430-75 µm verwendet. Die innige Mischung wurde in einer Tablettenpresse auf ca. 70 - 80 % der theoretischen Dichte verdichtet.Chromium powder of finer 250 µm, magnesium powder with a grain size of 250-62 µm and aluminum powder with a grain size of 430-75 µm were used for the mixture compacts. The intimate mixture was compressed in a tablet press to approx. 70 - 80% of the theoretical density.
Aus Tabelle l gehen die verwendeten Mischungen, die Dichte der Preßlinge und deren Auflöseverhalten hervor. Beispiel Nr. 3 zeigt, daß selbst bei 96 % Chrom in einer Mischung mit Magnesium das Auflöseverhalten vergleichbar ist mit Vergleichsbeispiel Nr. 4, bei dem nur 75,8 % Chrom mit Aluminium vermischt waren. Vergleichsbeispiel 5 zeigt weiterhin, daß die Aluminium enthaltenden Mischungen ungünstig auf eine Erhöhung des Chromanteils von 75,8 auf 88,4 % in der Mischung reagieren und deutlich längere Auflösezeiten notwendig sind. Die erfindungsgemäßen Beispiele Nr. 1, 2 und 3 zeigen dagegen, daß das Auflöseverhalten der Magnesium enthaltenden Mischungen viel weniger durch eine Erhöhung des Chromgehalts der Mischung von 80,8 % über 90,9 % auf 96 % beeinflußt wird. Lediglich bei dem höchsten Chromgehalt von 96 % ergibt sich bei einem Endgehalt von 0,4 % Chrom im Aluminium-Grundmetall eine geringe Erhöhung der notwendigen Auflösedauer. Dagegen sind bei einem Chromgehalt von 90,9 % auch bei Endgehalten von 0,4 % Chrom weniger als 5 Minuten Auflösezeit notwendig, verglichen mit 10 Minuten bei der Aluminium enthaltenden Mischung mit nur 75,8 % Chrom.Table 1 shows the mixtures used, the density of the compacts and their dissolving behavior. Example No. 3 shows that even with 96% chromium in a mixture with magnesium, the dissolution behavior is comparable to comparative example No. 4, in which only 75.8% chromium was mixed with aluminum. Comparative example 5 further shows that the aluminum-containing mixtures react unfavorably to an increase in the chromium content from 75.8 to 88.4% in the mixture and that significantly longer dissolution times are necessary. In contrast, inventive examples Nos. 1, 2 and 3 show that the dissolving behavior of the magnesium-containing mixtures is much less due to an increase in the Chromium content of the mixture is influenced from 80.8% to 90.9% to 96%. Only at the highest chromium content of 96%, with a final content of 0.4% chromium in the aluminum base metal, does the dissolution time increase slightly. In contrast, with a chromium content of 90.9%, even with final contents of 0.4% chromium, less than 5 minutes of dissolution time are necessary, compared to 10 minutes for the mixture containing aluminum with only 75.8% chromium.
Bei Vergleichsbeipiel Nr. 6 wurde eine Chlorid- und Fluorid-Salze enthaltende Mischung verwendet. Im Gegensatz zu den in den Beispielen Nr. 1 bis 5 verwendeten Mischungen kam es nach der Zugabe zum schmelzflüssigen Aluminium-Grundmetall zu einer heftigen Reaktion, bei der Gase freigesetzt wurden, die and er Metallbadoberfläche mit leuchtender Flamme verbrannten. Darüber hinaus bildeten sich ca. 100 g aluminiumhaltige Schlakke. Dies entspricht einem Verlust an Aluminium von etwa 56 g, der bei den salzfreien Mischungen der Beispiele Nr. 1 bis 5 nicht auftrat.
Claims (11)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß es 2 bis 50 Gew.-% einer pulverförmigen Komponente A, bestehend aus Magnesium und/oder einer magnesiumhaltigen Legierung, und 50 bis 98 Gew.-% einer pulverförmigen Komponenten B, bestehend aus einem oder mehreren Legierungsmetall(en) enthält oder daraus besteht und daß die Komponenten A und B innig vermischt in verpreßter oder kompaktierter Form vorliegen.1. Quickly soluble additive for molten metals,
characterized,
that it contains or consists of 2 to 50% by weight of a powdery component A, consisting of magnesium and / or a magnesium-containing alloy, and 50 to 98% by weight of a powdery component B, consisting of one or more alloy metal (s) and that the components A and B are intimately mixed in compressed or compacted form.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die magnesiumhaltige Legierung mindestens 50 % Magnesium enthält.2. Composition according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the magnesium-containing alloy contains at least 50% magnesium.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die magnesiumhaltige Legierung zusätzlich Aluminium oder Mangan enthält.Agent according to claim 1 and 2,
characterized,
that the magnesium-containing alloy additionally contains aluminum or manganese.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Anteil der Komponente A 5 bis 10 Gew.-% ausmacht.4. Agent according to claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the proportion of component A makes up 5 to 10% by weight.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Legierungsmetall aus Chrom, Mangan oder Eisen ist.5. Composition according to claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the alloy metal is made of chromium, manganese or iron.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Legierungsmetall aus Metallegierungen und/oder -mischungen besteht.6. Agent according to claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the alloy metal consists of metal alloys and / or mixtures.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die kompaktierten oder verpreßten Körper eine Dicke von<50 mm aufweisen.7. Composition according to claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the compacted or pressed bodies have a thickness of <50 mm.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß man die pulverförmigen Komponenten A und B mischt und die Mischung verpreßt oder kompaktiert.8. A process for the preparation of the additive according to claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the powdery components A and B are mixed and the mixture is compressed or compacted.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Komponente A eine Teilchengröße <1 mm, vorzugsweise <500 µm aufweist.9. The method according to claim 8,
characterized,
that component A has a particle size <1 mm, preferably <500 microns.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Komponente B eine Teilchengröße von <1 mm, vorzugsweise <150 µm aufweist.10. The method according to claim 9,
characterized,
that component B has a particle size of <1 mm, preferably <150 microns.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3530275 | 1985-08-24 | ||
| DE19853530275 DE3530275A1 (en) | 1985-08-24 | 1985-08-24 | QUICK-RELEASE ADDITIVE FOR METAL MELTING |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0216036A1 true EP0216036A1 (en) | 1987-04-01 |
Family
ID=6279262
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86109118A Withdrawn EP0216036A1 (en) | 1985-08-24 | 1986-07-03 | Fast dissolving alloying agent for molten metals |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4729874A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0216036A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6247439A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3530275A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5143564A (en) * | 1991-03-28 | 1992-09-01 | Mcgill University | Low porosity, fine grain sized strontium-treated magnesium alloy castings |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2911297A (en) * | 1956-05-05 | 1959-11-03 | Hugo Wachenfeld | Processes for the introduction of alloying constituents into metal melts |
| DE1909579A1 (en) * | 1968-02-26 | 1969-09-18 | Union Carbide Corp | Additive to molten metals or alloys and method of its use |
| DE2012655A1 (en) * | 1969-03-17 | 1970-11-12 | Foote Mineral Company, Exton, Pa. (V.St.A.) | Addition of manganese to aluminum |
| FR2145943A5 (en) * | 1971-07-12 | 1973-02-23 | Foote Mineral Co | |
| GB2112020A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1983-07-13 | London And Scandinavian Metall | Introducing one or more metals into a melt comprising aluminium |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2085802A (en) * | 1935-08-22 | 1937-07-06 | Charles Hardy Inc | Treatment of metals |
| US3298801A (en) * | 1966-03-29 | 1967-01-17 | Int Nickel Co | Powder metallurgical addition agent |
| US3941588A (en) * | 1974-02-11 | 1976-03-02 | Foote Mineral Company | Compositions for alloying metal |
| DE2731857A1 (en) * | 1977-07-14 | 1979-02-01 | Gammal Tarek Prof Dr Ing El | POROESE, HEAT-REGULATING CARRIER OR. VACCINATOR FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF TREATMENT PRODUCTS IN LIQUID METALS |
-
1985
- 1985-08-24 DE DE19853530275 patent/DE3530275A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-07-03 EP EP86109118A patent/EP0216036A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-07-31 US US06/892,195 patent/US4729874A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-08-22 JP JP61195712A patent/JPS6247439A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2911297A (en) * | 1956-05-05 | 1959-11-03 | Hugo Wachenfeld | Processes for the introduction of alloying constituents into metal melts |
| DE1909579A1 (en) * | 1968-02-26 | 1969-09-18 | Union Carbide Corp | Additive to molten metals or alloys and method of its use |
| DE2012655A1 (en) * | 1969-03-17 | 1970-11-12 | Foote Mineral Company, Exton, Pa. (V.St.A.) | Addition of manganese to aluminum |
| FR2145943A5 (en) * | 1971-07-12 | 1973-02-23 | Foote Mineral Co | |
| GB2112020A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1983-07-13 | London And Scandinavian Metall | Introducing one or more metals into a melt comprising aluminium |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6247439A (en) | 1987-03-02 |
| DE3530275A1 (en) | 1987-02-26 |
| US4729874A (en) | 1988-03-08 |
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