EP0211125A1 - Device for reducing surge voltages in interrupting energizing coils with ferromagnetic cores, and coils provided with such a reducing device - Google Patents

Device for reducing surge voltages in interrupting energizing coils with ferromagnetic cores, and coils provided with such a reducing device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0211125A1
EP0211125A1 EP85401596A EP85401596A EP0211125A1 EP 0211125 A1 EP0211125 A1 EP 0211125A1 EP 85401596 A EP85401596 A EP 85401596A EP 85401596 A EP85401596 A EP 85401596A EP 0211125 A1 EP0211125 A1 EP 0211125A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reducing
coils
ferromagnetic cores
coil
surge voltages
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85401596A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gérard Michel René Jullien
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Electronics and Defense Cockpit Solutions SAS
Original Assignee
LEquipement et la Construction Electrique ECE
ECE SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LEquipement et la Construction Electrique ECE, ECE SAS filed Critical LEquipement et la Construction Electrique ECE
Priority to DE1985401596 priority Critical patent/DE211125T1/en
Priority to EP85401596A priority patent/EP0211125A1/en
Publication of EP0211125A1 publication Critical patent/EP0211125A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for attenuating breaking overvoltages for excitation coils with ferromagnetic core. It finds its application in particular in the field of electromagnetic relays and contactors used for example in aeronautics.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks.
  • the device for attenuating breaking overvoltages is essentially characterized by the mounting, on the magnetic circuit, of at least one short-circuited turn embracing the entire magnetic flux which traverses this circuit, this turn being made of a non-magnetic material and good conductor of electricity.
  • the invention also relates to excitation coils with ferromagnetic cores, provided with such an attenuation device.
  • the coil comprises, conventionally, a magnetic circuit 1, with or without a fixed or variable air gap, and a winding generating magneto-motive force 2 arranged around a branch of the magnetic circuit 1, on an insulating carcass 3, this coil 2 being the seat of transient overvoltages.
  • a device for attenuating these transient overvoltages consisting of a solid torus 4.
  • This torus 4 which has been shown partially in section as having a section approximately square, may in fact have a section of any shape and it is made of a non-magnetic material and good conductor of electricity such as a metal or alloy (copper, silver, etc ).
  • the attenuation turn, designated here by 5 is constituted as before by a piece of non-magnetic material and conductive of electricity but strictly follows the shape of the support carcass 3 of FIG. 1.
  • the coil 5 is not itself insulating but special precautions are taken, when winding the winding 2 on this coil 5, to avoid direct metal contacts on metal between the winding wire 2 and the coil 5.
  • the dimensions of the torus 4 or the coil 5 are calculated according to the rules of the art, depending on the results sought.
  • the operation of the attenuation device according to the invention is apparent from the two comparative curves of FIG. 3.
  • the curve on the left represents, as a function of time t (plotted on the abscissa), the variation of the voltage U (plotted on the ordinate) in the winding 2 during a cut in the supply circuit in the case of FIG. 1, but without the attenuation torus 4 according to the invention.
  • the curve on the right represents, on identical abscissae and the same ordinates, the variation of the voltage U as a function of time, under the same circumstances but with addition in accordance with the invention of the torus 4 (figure 1) or of the coil 5 (figure 2). It can be seen that the attenuation device reduces the value of the maximum overvoltage as well as the duration of the overvoltage to approximately half.
  • the maximum overvoltage could thus be reduced, in absolute value, from 580 volts to 300 volts.
  • the reduction in the duration of the overvoltage is easily appreciated when we consider that, on the two curves, a division (between two vertical lines) of the abscissa axis corresponds to 40 microseconds in the example in question.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 instead of a single attenuation turn as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one could for example provide two turns arranged in short circuit either individually or as a whole, and placed in particular on either side of the winding 2 .

Abstract

Device for reducing interrupting surge voltages, for energising coils with ferromagnetic cores, and coils provided with such a reducing device. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'atténua­tion des surtensions de rupture pour bobines d'excitation à noyau ferromagnétique. Elle trouve notamment son applica­tion dans le domaine des relais et des contacteurs électroma­gnétiques utilisés par exemple en aéronautique.The invention relates to a device for attenuating breaking overvoltages for excitation coils with ferromagnetic core. It finds its application in particular in the field of electromagnetic relays and contactors used for example in aeronautics.

Le branchement d'équipements complexes, intégrant des composants électroniques délicats, sur des réseaux à courant continu qui comprennent également des dispositifs électro-mécaniques à bobines à noyaux ferromagnétiques, oblige à prendre des précautions pour atténuer les surten­sions transitoires qui apparaissent aux bornes de la bobine d'excitation d'un circuit magnétique lors des coupures d'alimentation de ces bobines. L'absence de telles précau­tions peut conduire à des fonctionnements erratiques ou, ce qui est pire, à la destruction des composants électroni­ques fragiles.The connection of complex equipment, integrating delicate electronic components, on direct current networks which also include electro-mechanical devices with coils with ferromagnetic cores, requires taking precautions to attenuate the transient overvoltages which appear at the terminals of the coil. excitation of a magnetic circuit during power cuts to these coils. Failure to do so can lead to erratic operation or, worse, to the destruction of fragile electronic components.

Pour affaiblir ces surtensions de rupture, les solutions classiques utilisent des condensateurs, soit encore des diodes montées en inverse et en parallèle sur la bobine. D'une façon générale, ces solutions connues présentent les inconvénients suivants :
- accroissement du coût de base de la bobine équipée ;
- abaissement de la fiabilité du produit, par utilisation de composants électroniques supplémentaires destinés à protéger les composants électroniques existants ;
- grande difficulté pour vérifier le bon état de ces composants supplémentaires, car la fonction "test" est quasi impossible, et donc maintenance aléatoire.To weaken these breaking overvoltages, conventional solutions use capacitors, ie diodes mounted in reverse and in parallel on the coil. In general, these known solutions have the following drawbacks:
- increase in the basic cost of the equipped coil;
- lowering the reliability of the product, by using additional electronic components intended to protect existing electronic components;
- great difficulty in checking the good condition of these additional components, because the "test" function is almost impossible, and therefore random maintenance.

L'invention a pour but d'éliminer ces inconvé­nients.The object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks.

A cet effet, le dispositif d'atténuation des surtensions de rupture est essentiellement caractérisé par le montage, sur le circuit magnétique, d'au moins une spire en court-circuit embrassant la totalité du flux magnétique qui parcourt ce circuit, cette spire étant faite d'un matériau amagnétique et bon conducteur de l'électricité.To this end, the device for attenuating breaking overvoltages is essentially characterized by the mounting, on the magnetic circuit, of at least one short-circuited turn embracing the entire magnetic flux which traverses this circuit, this turn being made of a non-magnetic material and good conductor of electricity.

L'action de cette spire ainsi ajoutée sur le circuit magnétique conduit à une augmentation de la constante de temps caractérisant la décroissance du flux générateur de la surtension, d'où diminution de la surtension transi­toire de rupture apparaissant aux bornes de la bobine.The action of this turn thus added to the magnetic circuit leads to an increase in the time constant characterizing the decrease in the flux generating the overvoltage, hence reducing the transient rupture overvoltage appearing at the terminals of the coil.

L'invention a également pour objet les bobines d'excitation à noyaux ferromagnétiques, munies d'un tel dispositif d'atténuation.The invention also relates to excitation coils with ferromagnetic cores, provided with such an attenuation device.

L'invention va être maintenant décrite plus en détail à l'aide des dessins annexés.

  • La figure 1 représente une bobine à noyau ferro­magnétique munie d'un dispositif d'atténuation conforme à un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • La figure 2 représente une bobine munie d'un dispositif d'atténuation conforme à un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • La figure 3 illustre le fonctionnement du dis­positif d'atténuation conforme à l'invention.
The invention will now be described in more detail using the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 represents a ferromagnetic core coil fitted with an attenuation device according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 represents a coil fitted with an attenuation device in accordance with a second mode of realization of the invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the operation of the attenuation device according to the invention.

Ainsi qu'il ressort de la figure 1, la bobine comprend, de façon classique, un circuit magnétique 1, avec ou sans entrefer fixe ou variable, et un bobinage générateur de force magnéto-motrice 2 disposé autour d'une branche du circuit magnétique 1, sur une carcasse isolante 3, ce bobinage 2 étant le siège de surtensions transitoires.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the coil comprises, conventionally, a magnetic circuit 1, with or without a fixed or variable air gap, and a winding generating magneto-motive force 2 arranged around a branch of the magnetic circuit 1, on an insulating carcass 3, this coil 2 being the seat of transient overvoltages.

Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, il est combiné à cette bobine un dispositif d'atténuation de ces surtensions transitoires, constitué d'un tore massif 4. Ce tore 4, qui a été représenté partiellement en coupe comme ayant une section approximativement carrée, peut avoir en fait une section de forme quelconque et il est fait d'un matériau amagnétique et bon conducteur de l'électricité tel qu'un métal ou alliage (cuivre, argent, etc...).According to the embodiment of Figure 1, it is combined with this coil a device for attenuating these transient overvoltages, consisting of a solid torus 4. This torus 4, which has been shown partially in section as having a section approximately square, may in fact have a section of any shape and it is made of a non-magnetic material and good conductor of electricity such as a metal or alloy (copper, silver, etc ...).

Selon le mode de réalisation préféré de la figure 2, la spire d'atténuation, désignée ici par 5, est constituée comme précédemment par une pièce en matériau amagnétique et conducteur de l'électricité mais épouse strictement la forme de la carcasse de support 3 de la figure 1. A la différence de celle-ci, la spire 5 n'est pas elle-même isolante mais des précautions particulières sont prises, lors de l'enrou­lement du bobinage 2 sur cette spire 5, pour éviter des contacts directs métal sur métal entre le fil du bobinage 2 et la spire 5.According to the preferred embodiment of Figure 2, the attenuation turn, designated here by 5, is constituted as before by a piece of non-magnetic material and conductive of electricity but strictly follows the shape of the support carcass 3 of FIG. 1. Unlike this one, the coil 5 is not itself insulating but special precautions are taken, when winding the winding 2 on this coil 5, to avoid direct metal contacts on metal between the winding wire 2 and the coil 5.

Dans les deux cas, les cotes du tore 4 ou de la spire 5 sont calculés suivant les règles de l'art, en fonction des résultats cherchés.In both cases, the dimensions of the torus 4 or the coil 5 are calculated according to the rules of the art, depending on the results sought.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif d'atténuation conforme à l'invention ressort des deux courbes comparatives de la figure 3. La courbe de gauche représente, en fonction du temps t (porté en abscisses), la variation de la tension U (portée en ordonnées) dans le bobinage 2 lors d'une coupure du circuit d'alimentation dans le cas de la figure 1, mais sans le tore d'atténuation 4 conforme à l'invention. La courbe de droite représente, sur des abscisses identiques et les mêmes ordonnées, la variation de la tension U en fonction du temps, dans les mêmes circonstances mais avec addition conformément à l'invention du tore 4 (figure 1) ou de la spire 5 (figure 2). On voit que le dispositif d'atténuation réduit à environ la moitié la valeur de la surtension maximale ainsi que la durée de la surtension.The operation of the attenuation device according to the invention is apparent from the two comparative curves of FIG. 3. The curve on the left represents, as a function of time t (plotted on the abscissa), the variation of the voltage U (plotted on the ordinate) in the winding 2 during a cut in the supply circuit in the case of FIG. 1, but without the attenuation torus 4 according to the invention. The curve on the right represents, on identical abscissae and the same ordinates, the variation of the voltage U as a function of time, under the same circumstances but with addition in accordance with the invention of the torus 4 (figure 1) or of the coil 5 (figure 2). It can be seen that the attenuation device reduces the value of the maximum overvoltage as well as the duration of the overvoltage to approximately half.

Pour fixer les idées, dans un exemple de réa­lisation particulier, la surtension maximale a pu ainsi être réduite, en valeur absolue, de 580 volts à 300 volts. La réduction de la durée de la surtension s'apprécie aisément lorsque l'on considère que, sur les deux courbes, une division (comprise entre deux traits verticaux) de l'axe des abscisses correspond à 40 microsecondes dans l'exemple en question.To fix the ideas, in a particular embodiment, the maximum overvoltage could thus be reduced, in absolute value, from 580 volts to 300 volts. The reduction in the duration of the overvoltage is easily appreciated when we consider that, on the two curves, a division (between two vertical lines) of the abscissa axis corresponds to 40 microseconds in the example in question.

Au lieu d'une seule spire d'atténuation comme représenté aux figures 1 et 2, on pourrait prévoir par exem­ple deux spires disposées en court-circuit soit individuel­lement, soit dans leur ensemble, et placées notamment de part et d'autre du bobinage 2.Instead of a single attenuation turn as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one could for example provide two turns arranged in short circuit either individually or as a whole, and placed in particular on either side of the winding 2 .

Claims (3)

1. Dispositif d'atténuation des surtensions de rupture, pour bobine d'excitation (2) à noyau ferromagnéti­que, caractérisé par le montage, sur le circuit magnétique (1), d'au moins une spire (4, 5) en court-circuit embrassant la totalité du flux magnétique qui parcourt le circuit (1), cette spire étant faite d'un matériau amagnétique et bon conducteur de l'électricité.1. Device for attenuating breaking overvoltages, for excitation coil (2) with ferromagnetic core, characterized by the mounting, on the magnetic circuit (1), of at least one turn (4, 5) in short- circuit embracing the entire magnetic flux which traverses the circuit (1), this turn being made of a non-magnetic material and good conductor of electricity. 2. Dispositif d'atténuation selon la revendica­tion 1, caractérisé en ce que la spire (5) a la forme et joue le rôle d'une carcasse pour le bobinage (2).2. Attenuation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the turn (5) has the shape and plays the role of a carcass for the winding (2). 3. Bobine d'excitation à noyau ferromagnétique, caractérisé en ce qu'elle est munie d'un dispositif d'at­ténuation selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2.3. Excitation coil with ferromagnetic core, characterized in that it is provided with an attenuation device according to one of claims 1 and 2.
EP85401596A 1985-08-06 1985-08-06 Device for reducing surge voltages in interrupting energizing coils with ferromagnetic cores, and coils provided with such a reducing device Withdrawn EP0211125A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1985401596 DE211125T1 (en) 1985-08-06 1985-08-06 ARRANGEMENT SUITABLE FOR EXECUTION COILS WITH FERROMAGNETIC CORES FOR DAMPING SHOCK VOLTAGE WHEN SWITCHING OFF AND REELING WITH SUCH DAMPING ARRANGEMENT.
EP85401596A EP0211125A1 (en) 1985-08-06 1985-08-06 Device for reducing surge voltages in interrupting energizing coils with ferromagnetic cores, and coils provided with such a reducing device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP85401596A EP0211125A1 (en) 1985-08-06 1985-08-06 Device for reducing surge voltages in interrupting energizing coils with ferromagnetic cores, and coils provided with such a reducing device

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EP0211125A1 true EP0211125A1 (en) 1987-02-25

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EP85401596A Withdrawn EP0211125A1 (en) 1985-08-06 1985-08-06 Device for reducing surge voltages in interrupting energizing coils with ferromagnetic cores, and coils provided with such a reducing device

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109390120A (en) * 2017-08-04 2019-02-26 矢崎总业株式会社 The surge voltage that size reduces reduces component

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE383694C (en) * 1923-10-16 Hellmuth Beyer Device to reduce the leakage of transformers
US2361542A (en) * 1941-05-07 1944-10-31 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Relay
FR947753A (en) * 1946-06-14 1949-07-12 Acec Electromagnetic relay with delayed tripping
FR1251786A (en) * 1960-03-22 1961-01-20 Paris & Du Rhone Improvement in electro-magnetic voltage or current regulators
BE746338A (en) * 1970-02-20 1970-07-31 Signalisation Et Telephonie En TIMING DEVICE COMMON TO SEVERAL DIRECT CURRENT ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAYS,

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE383694C (en) * 1923-10-16 Hellmuth Beyer Device to reduce the leakage of transformers
US2361542A (en) * 1941-05-07 1944-10-31 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Relay
FR947753A (en) * 1946-06-14 1949-07-12 Acec Electromagnetic relay with delayed tripping
FR1251786A (en) * 1960-03-22 1961-01-20 Paris & Du Rhone Improvement in electro-magnetic voltage or current regulators
BE746338A (en) * 1970-02-20 1970-07-31 Signalisation Et Telephonie En TIMING DEVICE COMMON TO SEVERAL DIRECT CURRENT ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAYS,

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 8, no. 139 (E-253) [1576], 28 juin 1984; & JP - A - 59 50 505 (TOGAMI DENKI SEISAKUSHO K.K.) 23-03-1984 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109390120A (en) * 2017-08-04 2019-02-26 矢崎总业株式会社 The surge voltage that size reduces reduces component
CN109390120B (en) * 2017-08-04 2021-03-05 矢崎总业株式会社 Surge voltage reduction component with reduced size

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DE211125T1 (en) 1987-09-24

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