EP0207270B1 - Contactless working proximity switching device - Google Patents

Contactless working proximity switching device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0207270B1
EP0207270B1 EP86106629A EP86106629A EP0207270B1 EP 0207270 B1 EP0207270 B1 EP 0207270B1 EP 86106629 A EP86106629 A EP 86106629A EP 86106629 A EP86106629 A EP 86106629A EP 0207270 B1 EP0207270 B1 EP 0207270B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
cylinder
switching device
magnetic
pole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86106629A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0207270A3 (en
EP0207270A2 (en
Inventor
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Brausfeld
Helmut Göttling
Rudolf Ing. grad. Möller
Peter Müller
Gerhard Ing. Grad. Scharnowski
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Aventics GmbH
Original Assignee
Mannesmann Rexroth Pneumatik GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann Rexroth Pneumatik GmbH filed Critical Mannesmann Rexroth Pneumatik GmbH
Priority to AT86106629T priority Critical patent/ATE84910T1/en
Publication of EP0207270A2 publication Critical patent/EP0207270A2/en
Publication of EP0207270A3 publication Critical patent/EP0207270A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0207270B1 publication Critical patent/EP0207270B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
    • F15B15/2892—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke characterised by the attachment means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H01H36/008—Change of magnetic field wherein the magnet and switch are fixed, e.g. by shielding or relative movements of armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/16—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. for a door switch, a limit switch, a floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/0207—Adjustable mounting of casings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic switching device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a proximity switching device which consists of a reed contact element, the switching elements designed as contact tongues can be brought into contact with one another by means of the magnetic field of a permanent magnet which can be moved relative thereto.
  • This known proximity switch device is arranged on the jacket of a working cylinder.
  • a permanent magnet attached to the piston of the working cylinder is used to actuate the reed contact element. If the piston provided with the permanent magnet approaches the reed contact element, the switching elements of the reed contact element reach the area of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and are brought into contact with one another by the magnetic force.
  • the invention is based on Abe to create a contactless magnetic switching device of the type mentioned, which is simple in construction and does not require any significant changes to the device to be sensed device.
  • the magnetic switching device offers the advantage in particular that it can be used in all devices in which the reaching of a predetermined position of a movably arranged component is to be recognized or used as a switching criterion, without having to make changes to the components of the devices.
  • This advantage has an effect in particular in the case of commercially available working cylinders which are to be subsequently provided with a device for switching valves which control the pressure medium acting on the working cylinder as a function of the piston position.
  • the piston or the piston rod no longer has to be provided with a permanent magnet, no changes need to be made to the components located in the cylinder.
  • the strength of the magnetic field can be quickly and easily adapted to the respective requirements by exchanging the permanent magnet or by arranging a plurality of permanent magnets.
  • the magnetic switching device can be attached to each cylinder, regardless of its diameter, without having to use different holding devices. This ensures that the permanent magnet or the permanent magnets of the magnetic switching device are always the same ones required for proper functioning Predeterminable position and the same distance from the outer surface of the working cylinder.
  • the holding device By designing the holding device as releasable on a part of the cylinder, for. B.
  • both the part of the lever forming a hinge point with a bearing bolt arranged on the cylinder and the part of the lever forming a hinge point with a pin arranged on the housing of the magnetic switching device are of mouth-shaped design, so that the switch can be easily and quickly mounted on the cylinder is.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cylinder (1) with a cylinder cover (2), the cylinder cover (2) being connected via four tie rods (16) to a cylinder base (not shown here).
  • tie rod (16) there is a housing (3), open to the cylinder (1), of a contactlessly operating magnetic switching device, which contains a magnetic field-dependent switch (11) for sensing the relative approach or distance of a body to or from the switch , fixed by means of a clamping screw (15).
  • the housing (3) is arranged in relation to the cylinder (1) such that it sits on the cylinder (1) with its walls delimiting the housing interior (8).
  • the magnetic switching device is provided by the switch (11) arranged in the housing interior (8) as a reed contact element, which has two contact tongues serving as switching elements (9) and (12), and one which is also stationary in the housing interior (8) with respect to the switch (11) ) arranged permanent magnets (14) formed.
  • the permanent magnet (14) is used to generate a magnetic field that actuates the switch (11).
  • One switching element (9) is connected to the cylinder (1) via a connecting wire (5), preferably in such a way that the connecting wire (5) is clamped between the cylinder (1) and a wall of the housing (3). From the connecting wire (5) branches off another connecting wire (4), which leads to a connection (6) designed as a knife contact for z. B. leads a connector.
  • the other switching element (12) is connected via a connecting wire (13) to a pole, in this exemplary embodiment to the pole "N" of the permanent magnet (14). From the same pole of the permanent magnet (14) leads a connecting wire (17) to a further connection (10) designed as a knife contact.
  • the two connections (6) and (10) are arranged on the housing (3) and connected with a plug (7).
  • Fig. 2 shows a working cylinder with two magnetic switching devices.
  • the components that are the same as the components shown in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference symbols.
  • a piston is arranged in a sealed, displaceable manner.
  • the piston consists of a double-pot sleeve (22) and a disc-shaped body (23) serving as a carrier for the double-pot sleeve (22) made of a ferromagnetic material, e.g. B. a soft iron disc.
  • the piston (22, 23) is connected to a piston rod (24) by means of a screw (21).
  • Two magnetic field-dependent switches (11, 19) and magnetic switching devices (3, 11) and (17, 19) containing permanent magnets, not shown here, are arranged on the cylinder (1) as reed contact elements.
  • Each of the two magnetic switching devices (3, 11) and (17, 19) is provided with a connection (7) and (18).
  • the connections (7, 18) are connected to magnetic valve devices (not shown here) for controlling the pressurization of the pressure medium for the pressure medium chambers (25) and (26) of the working cylinder (1).
  • the switches (11, 17) are connected in a circuit which connects a voltage source to the solenoid valve devices.
  • the magnetic valve device switches over in such a way that the pressure medium supply to the pressure medium chamber (25) is interrupted, the pressure medium chamber is vented and the pressure rod chamber (26) on the piston rod side is aerated.
  • the piston (22, 23) is moved to the right by the pressure building up in the pressure medium chamber (26) on the piston rod side.
  • the magnetic flux in the switch (11) becomes weaker again and the switching elements (9, 12) move away from each other.
  • the circuit in which the switch (11) and the solenoid valve device are located is now interrupted.
  • the solenoid valve device switches over again in such a way that the pressure medium supply to the pressure rod chamber (26) on the piston rod side is interrupted, the pressure medium chamber (26) on the piston rod side is vented and the pressure medium chamber (25) opposite the piston rod side pressure medium chamber (26) is vented.
  • FIG. 3 shows a magnetic switching device which is fastened to a tie rod of a working cylinder by means of a lever serving as a holding device.
  • a lever serving as a holding device.
  • a magnetic switching device which is enclosed by a housing, which is composed of the upper housing part (7) and lower housing part (3), is arranged on a cylinder (1).
  • the lower housing part (3) On its side facing the cylinder (1), the lower housing part (3) has two nose-like projections (29, 28) arranged parallel to one another, with which the housing (3, 7) rests on the cylinder (1).
  • the lower housing part (3) has a pivot pin (30), which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1) and extends outwards on two opposite sides.
  • a lever serving as a holding device for the magnetic switching device has at its end facing the housing (3, 7) a bearing eye (32) which serves to receive the free end region of the bearing journal (30).
  • the bearing journal (30) and the bearing eye (32) serve as a joint, which makes it possible to rotate the magnetic switching device about its longitudinal axis running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1).
  • the end region (34) of the lever (33, 34) facing away from the housing (3, 7) of the magnetic switching device has a recess (35) formed in this embodiment, which partially surrounds a bearing pin formed by a tie rod (16) of the working cylinder.
  • the tie rod (16) and three further tie rods, not shown here, serve as a connection between a cylinder cover (31) and a cylinder bottom, not shown here, which limit the cylinder (1) on its end faces.
  • a screw (36) serving as a clamping device is screwed in, which comes into contact with the tie rod (16) and thus the tie rod (16) and the Lever (34,33) braced against each other.
  • the magnetic switching device is installed in such a way that first the lever (34, 33) with its end (33) provided with the bearing eye (32) is pushed onto the pivot pin (30) of the lower housing part (3) of the magnetic switching device and then with the magnetic switching device articulated lever (34, 33) with its mouth-like recess (35) is suspended in the tie rod (16).
  • the housing (7, 3) of the magnetic switching device is then aligned with the cylinder (1) so that it rests on the cylinder (1) with its nose-like projections (28, 29).
  • the lever (34 , 33) and the tie rod (16) are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner. If a different position is desired for the magnetic switching device, the screw (36) is loosened and the lever (34, 33) connected to the magnetic switching device is moved on the tie rod (16) in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1).
  • the lever (34, 33) serving as a holding device for the magnetic switching device is articulated by means of a first joint (30, 32) with the magnetic switching device and by means of a second joint, which in this exemplary embodiment is separated from the tie rod (16) and the mouth-like recess (35 ) of the part (34) of the lever (33, 34) is formed, articulated with the cylinder (1) or with a part arranged on the cylinder, such as. B. the tie rod (16), articulated, the magnetic switching device can be attached to each working cylinder without changes to the magnetic switching device or to the holding device. Regardless of the diameter of the respective cylinder, the magnetic switching device takes always the same position required for their function to the cylinder and to the piston provided with the ferromagnetic part.
  • the part (33) of the lever (33, 34) which is articulated to the housing (3, 7) of the magnetic switching device can also have a mouth-like recess instead of the bearing eye (32) in order to simplify assembly.
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view of the holding device for the magnetic switching device shown in FIG. 3.
  • 4 consists of a lever (38, 39) provided with a slot (42) running transversely to the longitudinal axis of a tie rod (16).
  • the two parallel arms (38, 39) of the lever (38, 39) formed by the slot (42) are narrower in the area of the magnetic switching device than in the area of the part of the lever (38, 39) surrounding the tie rod (16) and thus form a fork-like part, on the free end region of which recesses are provided for receiving bearing journals arranged on the housing (7, 3) of the magnetic switching device.
  • the joint formed in this way between the housing (7, 3) of the magnetic switching device and the holding device (38, 39) enables the magnetic switching device to be rotated relative to the holding device (38, 39) about an axis of the housing (7, 3) running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder ).
  • the end area (40) of the two-armed lever (38, 39) facing away from the housing (7, 3) of the magnetic switching device has, like the lever shown in FIG. 3, a mouth-like recess which partially surrounds the tie rod (16).
  • two screws (41, 36) are screwed into the part of the lever (40) which has the mouth-like recess.
  • the use of the magnetic switching device described above is of course not limited to the exemplary embodiment.
  • the magnetic switching device can be used wherever the position of one of two relatively movable parts is detected and z. B. to be used as a switching criterion. It is essential for a good function of the magnetic switching device described above that the part of the body consisting of the ferromagnetic material (in the exemplary embodiment part '23' of the piston '22, 23 ') is designed and guided such that it is that of the permanent magnet Exerted magnetic field acting on the switch can amplify when the body is close to the switch.
  • the one pole of the permanent magnet which is not connected to a switching element must face the body to be guided past the permanent magnet and a conductor made of a ferromagnetic material should also be provided on the switching element which is not constantly connected to the other pole of the permanent magnet, said conductor also facing the body is.
  • the reinforcement of the Magnetic flux and thus also the strengthening of the magnetic field takes place in the switch (11) according to the exemplary embodiment predominantly in the area of the switching element (9) which is not constantly connected to a pole of the permanent magnet.
  • the switch is biased at its connections with the corresponding magnetic field strength by the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets arranged opposite to each other.
  • Two lug-like projections which are connected to the permanent magnets in a magnetically conductive manner, can be provided on the housing and come to rest on the outer surface of the cylinder when the magnetic switching device is mounted on a cylinder.
  • a magnetic switch device of the type described above operates as follows. Since on both sides of the switch the field strength of the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets has the opposite polarity but the same amount, the switch is not excited to switch.
  • Switching of the contacts can only be achieved if the switch is either moved closer to one or the other of the two permanent magnets, or if the magnetic field of one of the two permanent magnets is disturbed and the other permanent magnet gains influence. Will the one with the Piston provided ferromagnetic part moved in the working cylinder and thereby comes close to one of the permanent magnets, so the field lines take the path of smaller resistance (via the ferromagnetic part provided on the piston) and shift out of their earlier course. The magnetic field disturbance thus caused causes the contacts of the switch to switch. The shifting of the field lines causes an intensification of the magnetic field in the area of the contacts of the switch.
  • field plates can also be arranged in the magnetic switching device described.

Abstract

A contactless proximity switch and mounting arrangement for determining the position of a movable member within a cylinder which has two end covers secured on the cylinder by means of a plurality of tie rods, includes a switch housing which secures to one of the tie rods. A contact opening formed in the switch housing has disposed therein, a switch having a pair of contacts and a permanent magnet disposed in a fixed manner. One pole of the permanent magnet is connected to a first contact, while the second pole is disposed in a contacting relation to the cylinder. A second contact is electrically coupled to the cylinder at a position a predetermined distance from where the second pole is disposed. As the movable member, which is constructed of a ferromagnetic material, nears the switch housing, the air gap between the second contact and second pole is bridged and the contacts close indicating the proximity of the movable member to the switch element. The entire proximity switch apparatus can be moved along the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Magnetschalteinrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a magnetic switching device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Aus der DE-A 29 17 232 ist eine Näherungsschalteinrichtung bekannt, die aus einem Reed-Kontaktelement besteht, dessen als Kontaktzungen ausgebildete Schaltglieder mittels des Magnetfeldes eines relativ dazu bewegbaren Permanentmagneten miteinander in Kontakt bringbar sind. Diese bekannte Näherungsschalteinrichtung ist auf dem Mantel eines Arbeitszylinders angeordnet. Zur Betätigung des Reed-Kontaktelementes dient ein am Kolben des Arbeitszylinders befestigter Permanentmagnet. Nähert sich der mit dem Permanentmagneten versehene Kolben dem Reed-Kontaktelement, so gelangen die Schaltglieder des Reed-Kontaktelementes in den Bereich des Magnetfeldes des Permanentmagneten und werden durch die Magnetkraft in Kontakt miteinander gebracht.From DE-A 29 17 232 a proximity switching device is known which consists of a reed contact element, the switching elements designed as contact tongues can be brought into contact with one another by means of the magnetic field of a permanent magnet which can be moved relative thereto. This known proximity switch device is arranged on the jacket of a working cylinder. A permanent magnet attached to the piston of the working cylinder is used to actuate the reed contact element. If the piston provided with the permanent magnet approaches the reed contact element, the switching elements of the reed contact element reach the area of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and are brought into contact with one another by the magnetic force.

Von Nachteil ist bei einer solchen Näherungsschalteinrichtung, insbesondere dann, wenn sie zum Erkennen der Kolbenposition eines Arbeitszylinders verwendet wird, daß zusätzlicher Raum für den Permanentmagneten geschaffen werden muß, was stets mit einer Veränderung der Bauteile, z. B. Kolben oder Kolbenstange verbunden ist.The disadvantage of such a proximity switch, especially when it is used to detect the piston position of a working cylinder, is that additional space must be created for the permanent magnet, which always involves a change in the components, e.g. B. piston or piston rod is connected.

Ferner ist es bekannt (DE-A-28 19 818), den Permanentmagneten aus einem hohlen Zylindermagneten zu bilden. Ein solcher hohler Zylindermagnet dient hierbei als Gehäuse für den Reed-Schalter. Es versteht sich von selbst, daß eine solche Bauweise kompliziert, montageaufwendig und wenig service-freundlich ist. Für den Fall, daß bei entsprechend vorausgesetztem Achsverlauf N-S des Permanentmagneten der Schalter und der Permanentmagnet nebeneinander liegen können, kann die bekannte Polplatte entfallen und ein Permanentmagnet muß nicht aus einem hohlen Zylindermagneten bestehen, der sehr teuer ist. Die Polplatte konzentriert überdies den Magnetfluß in das Innere des rohrförmigen Permanentmagneten, d.h. es findet eine gewisse Fokussierung statt. Einer solchen bedarf es aber dann nicht, wenn durch Nebeneinander-Anordnung von Schalter und Permanentmagnet ein Magnetflußkreis über den ferromagnetischen Körper geschaffen werden kann. Eine solche Ausbildung ersetzt somit die bekannte Polplatte.Furthermore, it is known (DE-A-28 19 818) to form the permanent magnet from a hollow cylindrical magnet. Such a hollow cylindrical magnet serves as a housing for the reed switch. It goes without saying that such a construction is complicated, requires assembly and is not very service-friendly. In the event that the switch and the permanent magnet can lie next to one another with a correspondingly provided axial course NS of the permanent magnet, the known pole plate can be omitted and a permanent magnet does not have to consist of a hollow cylindrical magnet, which is very expensive. The pole plate also concentrates the magnetic flux into the interior of the tubular permanent magnet, ie there is a certain focus. Such is not required if a magnetic flux circuit can be created via the ferromagnetic body by arranging the switch and permanent magnet side by side. Such training thus replaces the known pole plate.

Der Erfindung liegt die Auf abe zugrunde, eine berührungslos arbeitende Magnetschalteinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die einfach im Aufbau ist und keine wesentlichen Änderungen an der das zu sensierende Bauteil aufweisenden Einrichtung erfordert.The invention is based on Abe to create a contactless magnetic switching device of the type mentioned, which is simple in construction and does not require any significant changes to the device to be sensed device.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit der im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung gelöst. Weiterbildungen und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved with the invention specified in claim 1. Further developments and advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Magnetschalteinrichtung bietet insbesondere den Vorteil, sich in allen Einrichtungen, bei denen das Erreichen einer vorbestimmten Position eines bewegbar angeordneten Bauteiles erkannt oder als Schaltkriterium genutzt werden soll, einsetzen zu lassen, ohne Veränderungen an den Bauteilen der Einrichtungen vornehmen zu müssen. Dieser Vorteil wirkt sich insbesondere bei handelsüblichen Arbeitszylindern aus, die nachträglich mit einer Einrichtung zum Schalten von die Druckmittelbeaufschlagung des Arbeitszylinders steuernden Ventilen in Abhängigkeit von der Kolbenstellung versehen werden sollen.The magnetic switching device according to the invention offers the advantage in particular that it can be used in all devices in which the reaching of a predetermined position of a movably arranged component is to be recognized or used as a switching criterion, without having to make changes to the components of the devices. This advantage has an effect in particular in the case of commercially available working cylinders which are to be subsequently provided with a device for switching valves which control the pressure medium acting on the working cylinder as a function of the piston position.

Da der Kolben oder auch die Kolbenstange nicht mehr mit einem Permanentmagneten versehen werden muß, sind keinerlei Veränderungen an den im Zylinder liegenden Bauteilen vorzunehmen. Durch die Anordnung des Permanentmagneten außerhalb des Zylinderinnenraumes läßt sich durch Austauschen des Permanentmagneten oder durch die Anordnung mehrerer Permanentmagneten die Stärke des Magnetfeldes problemlos und schnell den jeweiligen Erfordernissen anpassen.Since the piston or the piston rod no longer has to be provided with a permanent magnet, no changes need to be made to the components located in the cylinder. By arranging the permanent magnet outside the cylinder interior, the strength of the magnetic field can be quickly and easily adapted to the respective requirements by exchanging the permanent magnet or by arranging a plurality of permanent magnets.

Die Magnetschalteinrichtung läßt sich gemäß einer in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung an jedem Zylinder, unabhängig von dessen Durchmesser, befestigen, ohne daß unterschiedliche Halteeinrichtungen benutzt werden müssen. Dabei ist gewährleistet, daß der Permanentmagnet bzw. die Permanentmagneten der Magnetschalteinrichtung stets die zur ordnungsgemäßen Funktion erforderliche gleiche vorbestimmbare Lage und den gleichen Abstand zur Mantelfläche des Arbeitszylinders haben. Durch die Ausbildung der Halteeinrichtung als lösbar an einem Teil des Zylinders, z. B. einem Zuganker, befestigbaren Hebel, an dessen dem Zuganker abgewandten Ende die Magnetschalteinrichtung mittels einer Gelenkstelle um die parallel zur Längsachse des Zylinders verlaufende Längsachse der Magnetschalteinrichtung drehbar gelagert ist, wird eine einfache und sichere Lageausrichtung der Magnetschalteinrichtung zum Zylindermantel und somit zu dem den ferromagnetischen Teil aufweisenden Kolben ermöglicht. Vorteilhafter Weise sind sowohl der mit einem am Zylinder angeordneten Lagerbolzen eine Gelenkstelle bildende Teil des Hebels als auch der mit einem am Gehäuse der Magnetschalteinrichtung angeordneten Zapfen eine Gelenkstelle bildende Teil des Hebels maulartig ausgebildet, so daß eine einfache und schnelle Montage des Schalters auf dem Zylinder möglich ist. Anhand der Zeichnung werden nachstehend drei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention specified in the subclaims, the magnetic switching device can be attached to each cylinder, regardless of its diameter, without having to use different holding devices. This ensures that the permanent magnet or the permanent magnets of the magnetic switching device are always the same ones required for proper functioning Predeterminable position and the same distance from the outer surface of the working cylinder. By designing the holding device as releasable on a part of the cylinder, for. B. a tie rod, attachable lever, at the end facing away from the tie rod, the magnetic switching device is rotatably mounted by means of a joint around the longitudinal axis of the cylinder parallel to the longitudinal axis of the magnetic switching device, a simple and secure positional alignment of the magnetic switching device to the cylinder jacket and thus to the ferromagnetic Partial piston allows. Advantageously, both the part of the lever forming a hinge point with a bearing bolt arranged on the cylinder and the part of the lever forming a hinge point with a pin arranged on the housing of the magnetic switching device are of mouth-shaped design, so that the switch can be easily and quickly mounted on the cylinder is. Three exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Arbeitszylinder mit einer aus einem Reed-Kontaktelement und einem Permanentmagneten bestehenden Magnetschalteinrichtung im Schnitt;
Fig. 2
einen Arbeitszylinder mit zwei Magnetschalteinrichtungen, wobei der Kolben des Arbeitszylinders im Schnitt dargestellt ist;
Fig. 3
eine Magnetschalteinrichtung, die mittels eines als Halteeinrichtung dienenden Hebels an einem Zuganker eines Arbeitszylinders befestigt ist und
Fig. 4
eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 3 gezeigte Magnetschalteinrichtung mit Halteeinrichtung.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a working cylinder with a magnetic switching device consisting of a reed contact element and a permanent magnet in section;
Fig. 2
a working cylinder with two magnetic switching devices, the piston of the working cylinder being shown in section;
Fig. 3
a magnetic switching device which is fastened to a tie rod of a working cylinder by means of a lever serving as a holding device and
Fig. 4
a plan view of the magnetic switching device shown in Fig. 3 with holding device.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Zylinder (1) mit einem Zylinderdeckel (2) dargestellt, wobei der Zylinderdeckel (2) über vier Zuganker (16) mit einem hier nicht gezeigten Zylinderboden verbunden ist.
An dem einen Zuganker (16) ist ein zum Zylinder (1) hin offenes Gehäuse (3) einer berührungslos arbeitenden Magnetschalteinrichtung, welche einen magnetfeldabhängigen Schalter (11) zur Sensierung der relativen Annäherung bzw. Entfernung eines Körpers an dem bzw. von dem Schalter enthält, mittels einer Klemmschraube (15) befestigt. Das Gehäuse (3) ist so zum Zylinder (1) angeordnet, daß es mit seinen dem Gehäuseinnenraum (8) begrenzenden Wänden auf dem Zylinder (1) aufsitzt.1 shows a cylinder (1) with a cylinder cover (2), the cylinder cover (2) being connected via four tie rods (16) to a cylinder base (not shown here).
On one tie rod (16) there is a housing (3), open to the cylinder (1), of a contactlessly operating magnetic switching device, which contains a magnetic field-dependent switch (11) for sensing the relative approach or distance of a body to or from the switch , fixed by means of a clamping screw (15). The housing (3) is arranged in relation to the cylinder (1) such that it sits on the cylinder (1) with its walls delimiting the housing interior (8).

Die Magnetschalteinrichtung wird von dem in Gehäuseinnenraum (8) angeordneten als Reed-Kontaktelement ausgebildeten Schalter (11), welcher zwei als Schaltglieder (9) und (12) dienende Kontaktzungen aufweist, sowie einem bezüglich des Schalters (11) ortsfest ebenfalls im Gehäuseinnenraum (8) angeordneten Permanentmagneten (14) gebildet. Der Permanentmagnet (14) dient zur Erzeugung eines den Schalter (11) betätigenden Magnetfeldes. Das eine Schaltglied (9) ist über einen Anschlußdraht (5) mit dem Zylinder (1) verbunden, vorzugsweise in der Art, daß der Anschlußdraht (5) zwischen Zylinder (1) und eine Wand des Gehäuses (3) geklemmt wird. Vom Anschlußdraht (5) zweigt ein weiterer Anschlußdraht (4) ab, der zu einem als Messerkontakt ausgebildeten Anschluß (6) für z. B. einen Stecker führt. Das andere Schaltglied (12) ist über einen Anschlußdraht (13) mit einem Pol, in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel mit dem Pol "N" des Permanentmagneten (14) verbunden. Von demselben Pol des Permanentmagneten (14) führt ein Anschlußdraht (17) zu einem als Messerkontakt ausgebildeten weiteren Anschluß (10). Die beiden Anschlüsse (6) und (10) sind auf dem Gehäuse (3) angeordnet und mit einem Stecker (7) verbunden.The magnetic switching device is provided by the switch (11) arranged in the housing interior (8) as a reed contact element, which has two contact tongues serving as switching elements (9) and (12), and one which is also stationary in the housing interior (8) with respect to the switch (11) ) arranged permanent magnets (14) formed. The permanent magnet (14) is used to generate a magnetic field that actuates the switch (11). One switching element (9) is connected to the cylinder (1) via a connecting wire (5), preferably in such a way that the connecting wire (5) is clamped between the cylinder (1) and a wall of the housing (3). From the connecting wire (5) branches off another connecting wire (4), which leads to a connection (6) designed as a knife contact for z. B. leads a connector. The other switching element (12) is connected via a connecting wire (13) to a pole, in this exemplary embodiment to the pole "N" of the permanent magnet (14). From the same pole of the permanent magnet (14) leads a connecting wire (17) to a further connection (10) designed as a knife contact. The two connections (6) and (10) are arranged on the housing (3) and connected with a plug (7).

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Arbeitszylinder mit zwei Magnetschalteinrichtungen. Der besseren übersicht halber sind die den in Fig. 1 gezeigten Bauteilen gleichen Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Fig. 2 shows a working cylinder with two magnetic switching devices. For the sake of a better overview, the components that are the same as the components shown in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference symbols.

In einem Zylinder (1), welcher an seinen Stirnseiten von einem Zylinderboden (20) und einem Zylinderdeckel (2), welche über hier nicht dargestellte Zuganker miteinander verbunden sind, verschlossen wird, ist ein Kolben abgedichtet verschiebbar angeordnet. Der Kolben besteht aus einer Doppeltopfmanschette (22) und einem als Träger für die Doppeltopfmanschette (22) dienenden scheibenförmigen Körper (23) aus einem ferromagnetischen Werkstoff, z. B. einer Weicheisenscheibe. Der Kolben (22, 23) ist mittels einer Schraube (21) mit einer Kolbenstange (24) verbunden.In a cylinder (1), which is closed on its end faces by a cylinder base (20) and a cylinder cover (2), which are connected to one another via tie rods (not shown here), a piston is arranged in a sealed, displaceable manner. The piston consists of a double-pot sleeve (22) and a disc-shaped body (23) serving as a carrier for the double-pot sleeve (22) made of a ferromagnetic material, e.g. B. a soft iron disc. The piston (22, 23) is connected to a piston rod (24) by means of a screw (21).

Auf dem zylinder (1) sind zwei als Reed-Kontaktelmente ausgebildete magnetfeldabhängige Schalter (11, 19) und hier nicht dargestellten Permanentmagneten enthaltende Magnetschalteinrichtungen (3, 11) und (17, 19) angeordnet. Jede der beiden Magnetschalteinrichtungen (3, 11) und (17, 19) ist mit einem Anschluß (7) bzw. (18) versehen. Die Anschlüsse (7, 18) sind mit hier nicht dargestellten Magnetventileinrichtungen zum Steuern der Druckmittelbeaufschlagung für die Druckmittelkammern (25) und (26) des Arbeitszylinders (1) verbunden. Die Schalter (11, 17) sind in einen Stromkreis geschaltet, welcher eine Spannungsquelle mit den Magnetventileinrichtungen verbindet.Two magnetic field-dependent switches (11, 19) and magnetic switching devices (3, 11) and (17, 19) containing permanent magnets, not shown here, are arranged on the cylinder (1) as reed contact elements. Each of the two magnetic switching devices (3, 11) and (17, 19) is provided with a connection (7) and (18). The connections (7, 18) are connected to magnetic valve devices (not shown here) for controlling the pressurization of the pressure medium for the pressure medium chambers (25) and (26) of the working cylinder (1). The switches (11, 17) are connected in a circuit which connects a voltage source to the solenoid valve devices.

Die Funktion der Magnetschalteinrichtung wird nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1 und 2 näher erläutert.The function of the magnetic switching device is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Es wird angenommen, daß der Kolben (22, 23) des Arbeitszylinders (1) sich in der Mittelstellung und die Schaltglieder (9, 12) der Schalter (11, 19) sich in einer Stellung befinden, in der sie sich nicht im Kontakt miteinander befinden, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt. Mittels des den Permanentmagneten (14) mit dem einen Schaltglied (12) des Schalters (11) verbindenden Anschlußdrahtes (13) wird der Magnetfluß des Permanentmagneten (14) durch den Schalter (11) geleitet. Der Magnetfluß erfolgt vom Pol "N" des Permanentmagneten (14) über den Anschlußdraht (13), die beiden Schaltglieder (12, 9) und den Anschlußdraht (5) zum Pol "S" des Permanentmagneten (14). Da der Luftspalt zwischen dem Anschlußdraht (5) und dem Pol "S" des Permanentmagneten (14) (Luftspalt zwischen dem Pol "N" und dem Pol "S") groß ist, ist der Magnetfluß im Schalter (11) relativ schwach, so daß die Magnetkraft nicht ausreicht, um die beiden Schaltglieder (12, 9) aufeinander zuzubewegen und den Kontakt zwischen den beiden Schaltgliedern (12, 9) herzustellen.It is assumed that the piston (22, 23) of the working cylinder (1) is in the central position and the switching elements (9, 12) of the switches (11, 19) are in a position in which they are not in contact with one another are, as shown in Fig. 1. The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet (14) is conducted through the switch (11) by means of the connecting wire (13) connecting the permanent magnet (14) to the one switching element (12) of the switch (11). The magnetic flux is from the pole "N" of the permanent magnet (14) via the connecting wire (13), the two switching elements (12, 9) and the connecting wire (5) to the pole "S" of the permanent magnet (14). Since the air gap between the connecting wire (5) and the pole "S" of the permanent magnet (14) (air gap between the pole "N" and the pole "S") is large, the magnetic flux in the switch (11) is relatively weak, so that the magnetic force is not sufficient to move the two switching elements (12, 9) towards one another and to make contact between the two switching elements (12, 9).

Wird in die Druckmittelkammer (25) Druckmittel eingesteuert und der Kolben (22, 23) durch den sich in der Druckmittelkammer (25) aufbauenden Druck nach links, in Richtung auf die kolbenstangenseitige Druckmittelkammer (26) zu verschoben, gelangt der Kolben (22, 23) in den Bereich des Schalters (11). Durch die Weicheisenscheibe (23) des Kolbens (22, 23) verkleinert sich der Luftspalt. Der Magnetfluß im Schalter (11) wird verstärkt. Aufgrund des jetzt stärkeren Magnetfeldes im Bereich des Schalters (11) werden die Schaltglieder (9, 12) miteinander in Kontakt gebracht. Der Stromkreis ist jetzt geschlossen und die Magnetventileinrichtung bekommt einen Schaltimpuls. Die Magentventileinrichtung schaltet in der Weise um, daß die Druckmittelzufuhr zur Druckmittelkammer (25) unterbrochen, die Druckmitelkammer entlüftet und die kolbenstangenseitige Druckmittelkammer (26) belüftet wird. Von dem sich in der kolbenstangenseitigen Druckmittelkammer (26) aufbauenden Druck wird der Kolben (22, 23) nach rechts bewegt. Sobald der Kolben (22, 23) den Bereich des Schalters (11) verlassen hat, wird der Magnetfluß im Schalter (11) wieder schwächer und die Schaltglieder (9, 12) entfernen sich voneinander. Der Stromkreis, in welchem der Schalter (11) und die Magnetventileinrichtung liegen, ist jetzt unterbrochen. Gelangt der Kolben (22, 23) bei seiner weiteren Bewegung in Richtung auf die Druckmittelkammer (25) zu in den Bereich des Schalters (19) der zweiten Magnetschalteinrichtung (17, 19), so wird der Magnetfluß im Schalter (19) der zweiten Magnetschalteinrichtung (17, 19) verstärkt und die Schaltglieder des Schalters (19) der zweiten Magnetschalteinrichtung (17, 19) werden miteinander in Kontakt gebracht. Die Magnetventileinrichtung schaltet wiederum um, und zwar in der Weise, daß die Druckmittelzufuhr zur kolbenstangenseitigen Druckmittelkammer (26) unterbrochen, die kolbenstangenseitige Druckmittelkammer (26) entlüftet und die der kolbenstangenseitigen Druckmittelkammer (26) gegenüberliegende Druckmittelkammer (25) belüftet wird.If pressure medium is introduced into the pressure medium chamber (25) and the piston (22, 23) is displaced towards the left towards the pressure medium chamber (26) on the piston rod side by the pressure building up in the pressure medium chamber (25), the piston (22, 23 ) in the area of the switch (11). The air gap is reduced by the soft iron disk (23) of the piston (22, 23). The magnetic flux in the switch (11) is increased. Because of the now stronger magnetic field in the area of the switch (11), the switching elements (9, 12) are brought into contact with one another. The circuit is now closed and the solenoid valve device receives a switching pulse. The magnetic valve device switches over in such a way that the pressure medium supply to the pressure medium chamber (25) is interrupted, the pressure medium chamber is vented and the pressure rod chamber (26) on the piston rod side is aerated. The piston (22, 23) is moved to the right by the pressure building up in the pressure medium chamber (26) on the piston rod side. As soon as the piston (22, 23) has left the area of the switch (11), the magnetic flux in the switch (11) becomes weaker again and the switching elements (9, 12) move away from each other. The circuit in which the switch (11) and the solenoid valve device are located is now interrupted. If the piston (22, 23) moves further towards the pressure medium chamber (25) in the area of the switch (19) of the second magnetic switching device (17, 19), the magnetic flux in the switch (19) of the second magnetic switching device (17, 19) reinforced and the switching elements of the switch (19) of the second magnetic switching device (17, 19) are brought into contact with each other. The solenoid valve device switches over again in such a way that the pressure medium supply to the pressure rod chamber (26) on the piston rod side is interrupted, the pressure medium chamber (26) on the piston rod side is vented and the pressure medium chamber (25) opposite the piston rod side pressure medium chamber (26) is vented.

In Fig. 3 ist eine Magnetschalteinrichtung dargestellt, die mittels eines als Halteeinrichtung dienenden Hebels an einem Zuganker eines Arbeitszylinders befestigt ist. Der besseren übersicht halber sind die den in Fig. 1 gezeigten Bauteilen gleichen Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.3 shows a magnetic switching device which is fastened to a tie rod of a working cylinder by means of a lever serving as a holding device. For the sake of a better overview, the components that are the same as the components shown in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numerals.

Auf einem Zylinder (1) ist eine von einem Gehäuse, welches sich aus Gehäuseoberteil (7) und Gehäuseunterteil (3) zusammensetzt, umschlossene Magnetschalteinrichtung angeordnet. Das Gehäuseunterteil (3) weist auf seiner dem Zylinder (1) zugewandten Seite zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete nasenartige Vorsprünge (29, 28) auf, mit welchen das Gehäuse (3, 7) auf dem Zylinder (1) aufliegt. Das Gehäuseunterteil (3) besitzt an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten je einen parallel zur Längsachse des Zylinders (1) verlaufenden, sich nach außen erstreckenden Gelenkzapfen (30). Ein als Halteeinrichtung für die Magnetschalteinrichtung dienender Hebel weist an seinem dem Gehäuse (3, 7) zugewandten Ende ein Lagerauge (32) auf, welches zur Aufnahme des freien Endbereiches des Lagerzapfens (30) dient. Der Lagerzapfen (30) und das Lagerauge (32) dienen als Gelenk, welches es ermöglicht, die Magnetschalteinrichtung um ihre parallel zur Längsachse des Zylinders (1) verlaufenden Längsachse zu drehen. Der dem Gehäuse (3, 7) der Magnetschalteinrichtung abgewandte Endbereich (34) des Hebels (33, 34) besitzt eine in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel maulartig ausgebildete Ausnehmung (35), welche einen von einem Zuganker (16) des Arbeitszylinders gebildeten Lagerbolzen teilweise umschließt. Der Zuganker (16) und drei weitere hier nicht dargestellte Zuganker dienen als Verbindung eines Zylinderdeckels (31) mit einem hier nicht gezeigten Zylinderboden, welche den Zylinder (1) an seinen Stirnseiten begrenzen. In den mit der maulartigen Ausnehmung (35) versehenen Teil (34) des Hebels (33,34) ist eine als Klemmeinrichtung dienende Schraube (36) eingedreht, die am Zuganker (16) zur Anlage kommt und so den Zuganker (16) und den Hebel (34,33) gegeneinander verspannt.A magnetic switching device, which is enclosed by a housing, which is composed of the upper housing part (7) and lower housing part (3), is arranged on a cylinder (1). On its side facing the cylinder (1), the lower housing part (3) has two nose-like projections (29, 28) arranged parallel to one another, with which the housing (3, 7) rests on the cylinder (1). The lower housing part (3) has a pivot pin (30), which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1) and extends outwards on two opposite sides. A lever serving as a holding device for the magnetic switching device has at its end facing the housing (3, 7) a bearing eye (32) which serves to receive the free end region of the bearing journal (30). The bearing journal (30) and the bearing eye (32) serve as a joint, which makes it possible to rotate the magnetic switching device about its longitudinal axis running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1). The end region (34) of the lever (33, 34) facing away from the housing (3, 7) of the magnetic switching device has a recess (35) formed in this embodiment, which partially surrounds a bearing pin formed by a tie rod (16) of the working cylinder. The tie rod (16) and three further tie rods, not shown here, serve as a connection between a cylinder cover (31) and a cylinder bottom, not shown here, which limit the cylinder (1) on its end faces. In the part (34) of the lever (33, 34) provided with the mouth-like recess (35), a screw (36) serving as a clamping device is screwed in, which comes into contact with the tie rod (16) and thus the tie rod (16) and the Lever (34,33) braced against each other.

Die Montage der Magnetschalteinrichtung erfolgt in der Weise, daß zuerst der Hebel (34, 33) mit seinem mit dem Lagerauge (32) versehenen Ende (33) auf den Gelenkzapfen (30) des Gehäuseunterteils (3) der Magnetschalteinrichtung aufgesteckt und dann der jetzt mit der Magnetschalteinrichtung gelenkig verbundene Hebel (34, 33) mit seiner maulartigen Ausnehmung (35) in den Zuganker (16) eingehängt wird. Anschließend wird das Gehäuse (7, 3) der Magnetschalteinrichtung so zum Zylinder (1) ausgerichtet, daß es mit seinen nasenartigen Vorsprüngen (28, 29) auf dem Zylinder (1) aufliegt. Durch Eindrehen der Schraube (36) in den die maulartige Ausnehmung (35) aufweisenden Teil (34) des Hebels (33, 34) und zur Anlage bringen der Schraube (36) am Zuganker (16) werden der mit der Magnetschalteinrichtung verbundene Hebel (34, 33) und der Zuganker (16) drehfest miteinander verbunden.
Wird für die Magnetschalteinrichtung eine andere Position gewünscht, so wird die Schraube (36) gelöst und der mit der Magnetschalteinrichtung verbundene Hebel (34, 33) auf dem Zuganker (16) in Richtung der Längsachse des Zylinders (1) verschoben.
Dadurch, daß der als Halteeinrichtung für die Magnetschalteinrichtung dienende Hebel (34, 33) mittels eines ersten Gelenks (30, 32) gelenkig mit der Magnetschalteinrichtung und mittels eines zweiten Gelenks, welches in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel vom Zuganker (16) und der maulartigen Ausnehmung (35) des Teiles (34) des Hebels (33, 34) gebildet wird, gelenkig mit dem Zylinder (1) bzw. mit einem am Zylinder angeordneten Teil, wie z. B. dem Zuganker (16), gelenkig verbunden ist, läßt sich die Magnetschalteinrichtung an jedem Arbeitszylinder befestigen, ohne daß Veränderungen an der Magnetschalteinrichtung oder an der Halteeinrichtung vorgenommen werden müssen. Unabhängig davon, welchen Durchmesser der jeweilige Zylinder aufweist, nimmt die Magnetschalteinrichtung stets die gleiche zu ihrer Funktion erforderliche Lage zum Zylinder und zu dem mit dem ferromagnetischen Teil versehenen Kolben ein. Der mit dem Gehäuse (3, 7) der Magnetschalteinrichtung gelenkig verbundene Teil (33) des Hebels (33, 34) kann zwecks Montagevereinfachung anstelle des Lagerauges (32) ebenfalls eine maulartige Ausnehmung aufweisen.The magnetic switching device is installed in such a way that first the lever (34, 33) with its end (33) provided with the bearing eye (32) is pushed onto the pivot pin (30) of the lower housing part (3) of the magnetic switching device and then with the magnetic switching device articulated lever (34, 33) with its mouth-like recess (35) is suspended in the tie rod (16). The housing (7, 3) of the magnetic switching device is then aligned with the cylinder (1) so that it rests on the cylinder (1) with its nose-like projections (28, 29). By turning the screw (36) into the part (34) of the lever (33, 34) which has the mouth-like recess (35) and bringing the screw (36) into contact with the tie rod (16), the lever (34 , 33) and the tie rod (16) are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner.
If a different position is desired for the magnetic switching device, the screw (36) is loosened and the lever (34, 33) connected to the magnetic switching device is moved on the tie rod (16) in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylinder (1).
Characterized in that the lever (34, 33) serving as a holding device for the magnetic switching device is articulated by means of a first joint (30, 32) with the magnetic switching device and by means of a second joint, which in this exemplary embodiment is separated from the tie rod (16) and the mouth-like recess (35 ) of the part (34) of the lever (33, 34) is formed, articulated with the cylinder (1) or with a part arranged on the cylinder, such as. B. the tie rod (16), articulated, the magnetic switching device can be attached to each working cylinder without changes to the magnetic switching device or to the holding device. Regardless of the diameter of the respective cylinder, the magnetic switching device takes always the same position required for their function to the cylinder and to the piston provided with the ferromagnetic part. The part (33) of the lever (33, 34) which is articulated to the housing (3, 7) of the magnetic switching device can also have a mouth-like recess instead of the bearing eye (32) in order to simplify assembly.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Halteeinrichtung für die Magnetschalteinrichtung. Der besseren übersicht halber sind die den in Fig. 3 gezeigten Bauteilen gleichen Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.
Die Halteeinrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 besteht aus einem mit einem quer zur Längsachse eines Zugankers (16) verlaufenden Schlitz (42) versehenen Hebel (38, 39). Die durch den Schlitz (42) gebildeten beiden parallel zueinander verlaufenden Arme (38, 39) des Hebels (38, 39) sind im Bereich der Magnetschalteinrichtung schmaler ausgebildet als im Bereich des den Zuganker (16) umgreifenden Teiles des Hebels (38, 39) und bilden so einen gabelartigen Teil, an dessen freiem Endbereich Ausnehmungen zur Aufnahme von am Gehäuse (7, 3) der Magnetschalteinrichtung angeordneten Lagerzapfen vorgesehen sind. Das so gebildete Gelenk zwischen dem Gehäuse (7, 3) der Magnetschalteinrichtung und der Halteeinrichtung (38, 39) ermöglicht ein Verdrehen der Magnetschalteinrichtung relativ zur Halteeinrichtung (38, 39) um eine parallel zur Längsachse des Zylinders verlaufende Achse des Gehäuses (7, 3). Der dem Gehäuse (7, 3) der Magnetschalteinrichtung abgewandte Endbereich (40) des zweiarmigen Hebels (38, 39) weist wie auch der in Fig. 3 dargestellte Hebel eine maulartige Ausnehmung auf, welche den Zuganker (16) teilweise umschließt. Zwecks Verspannens des Hebels (38, 39, 40) mit dem Zuganker (16) sind in den die maulartige Ausnehmung aufweisenden Teil des Hebels (40) zwei Schrauben (41, 36) eingedreht. Im gabelartig ausgebildeten Teil des Hebels (38, 39) ist eine teilweise mit Gewinde (43) versehene Bohrung (37) vorgesehen, in welche eine Schraube (44) eingedreht ist. Mittels der Schraube (44) lassen sich die beiden Arme des Hebels (38, 39) aufeinander zu bewegen, so daß sich zwischen den Armen des Hebels (38, 39) und dem Gehäuse (7, 3) der Magnetschalteinrichtung eine Klemmverbindung erzielen läßt. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, die Halteeinrichtung so auszubilden, daß sie in Richtung quer zur Längsachse des Zylinders verstellbar ist.FIG. 4 shows a top view of the holding device for the magnetic switching device shown in FIG. 3. For the sake of a better overview, the components that are the same as the components shown in FIG. 3 are provided with the same reference numerals.
4 consists of a lever (38, 39) provided with a slot (42) running transversely to the longitudinal axis of a tie rod (16). The two parallel arms (38, 39) of the lever (38, 39) formed by the slot (42) are narrower in the area of the magnetic switching device than in the area of the part of the lever (38, 39) surrounding the tie rod (16) and thus form a fork-like part, on the free end region of which recesses are provided for receiving bearing journals arranged on the housing (7, 3) of the magnetic switching device. The joint formed in this way between the housing (7, 3) of the magnetic switching device and the holding device (38, 39) enables the magnetic switching device to be rotated relative to the holding device (38, 39) about an axis of the housing (7, 3) running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder ). The end area (40) of the two-armed lever (38, 39) facing away from the housing (7, 3) of the magnetic switching device has, like the lever shown in FIG. 3, a mouth-like recess which partially surrounds the tie rod (16). For tensioning the lever (38, 39, 40) with the tie rod (16) two screws (41, 36) are screwed into the part of the lever (40) which has the mouth-like recess. In the fork-like part of the lever (38, 39) there is a partially threaded (43) bore (37) into which a screw (44) is screwed. The two arms of the lever (38, 39) can be moved towards one another by means of the screw (44), so that a clamping connection can be achieved between the arms of the lever (38, 39) and the housing (7, 3) of the magnetic switching device. It is of course also possible to design the holding device so that it can be adjusted in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

Der Einsatz der im vorstehenden beschriebenen Magnetschalteinrichtung ist selbstverständlich nicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Die Magnetschalteinrichtung ist überall dort einsetzbar, wo die Position eines von zwei relativ zueinander bewegbaren Teilen erfaßt und z. B. als Schaltkriterium benutzt werden soll. Wesentlich für eine gute Funktion der im vorstehenden beschriebenen Magnetschalteinrichtung ist, daß der aus dem ferromagnetischen Werkstoff bestehende Teil des Körpers (im Ausführungsbeispiel Teil '23' des Kolbens '22, 23') so ausgebildet und so geführt ist, daß er das von dem Permanentmagneten ausgeübte und auf den Schalter einwirkende Magnetfeld verstärken kann, wenn sich der Körper in der Nähe des Schalters befindet. Dies bedeutet, daß der nicht mit einem Schaltglied verbundene eine Pol des Permanentmagneten dem am Permanentmagneten vorbeizuführenden Körper zugewandt sein muß und an dem nicht ständig mit dem anderen Pol des Permanentmagneten verbundenen Schaltglied ein Leiter aus einem ferromagnetischen Werkstoff vorgesehen werden sollte, der ebenfalls dem Körper zugewandt ist. Die Verstärkung des Magnetflusses und somit auch die Verstärkung des Magnetfeldes erfolgt beim Schalter (11) gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel überwiegend im Bereich des Schaltgliedes (9), welches nicht ständig mit einem Pol des Permanentmagneten verbunden ist.The use of the magnetic switching device described above is of course not limited to the exemplary embodiment. The magnetic switching device can be used wherever the position of one of two relatively movable parts is detected and z. B. to be used as a switching criterion. It is essential for a good function of the magnetic switching device described above that the part of the body consisting of the ferromagnetic material (in the exemplary embodiment part '23' of the piston '22, 23 ') is designed and guided such that it is that of the permanent magnet Exerted magnetic field acting on the switch can amplify when the body is close to the switch. This means that the one pole of the permanent magnet which is not connected to a switching element must face the body to be guided past the permanent magnet and a conductor made of a ferromagnetic material should also be provided on the switching element which is not constantly connected to the other pole of the permanent magnet, said conductor also facing the body is. The reinforcement of the Magnetic flux and thus also the strengthening of the magnetic field takes place in the switch (11) according to the exemplary embodiment predominantly in the area of the switching element (9) which is not constantly connected to a pole of the permanent magnet.

Denkbar ist es auch, zwei parallel und in einem vorbestimmbaren Abstand zueinander angeordnete Permanentmagneten vorzusehen, zwischen denen der Schalter (51) gelegen ist, derart, daß sich seine Schaltglieder in einem Bereich des von den beiden Permanentmagneten erzeugten Magnetfeldes befinden dessen Feldstärke gleich oder annähern Null ist. Der Schalter ist über Anschlußdrähte mit zugehörigen Messerkontakten verbunden.It is also conceivable to provide two permanent magnets arranged in parallel and at a predeterminable distance from one another, between which the switch (51) is located, in such a way that its switching elements are located in a region of the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets whose field strength is equal to or close to zero is. The switch is connected to associated knife contacts via connecting wires.

Durch das von den beiden gegenpolig zueinander angeordneten Permanentmagneten erzeugte Magnetfeld wird der Schalter an seinen Anschlüssen mit der entsprechenden magnetischen Feldstärke vorgespannt. Am Gehäuse können zwei mit den Permanentmagneten magnetisch leitend verbundene nasenartige Vorsprünge vorgesehen werden, welche bei der Montage der Magnetschalteinrichtung auf einem Zylinder an der Mantelfläche des Zylinders zur Anlage kommen. Eine Magnetschalteinrichtung der im vorstehenden beschriebenen Art arbeitet wie folgt. Da an beiden Seiten des Schalters die Feldstärke des von den beiden Permanentmagneten erzeugten Magnetfeldes zwar gegenpolig aber dem Betrag nach gleich ist, wird der Schalter nicht zum Schalten erregt. Ein Schalten der Kontakte kann nur erreicht werden, wenn der Schalter entweder näher zu dem einen oder zu dem anderen der beiden Permanentmagneten hin bewegt wird, oder wenn das Magnetfeld eines der beiden Permanentmagneten gestört wird und der andere Permanentmagnet an Einfluß gewinnt. Wird der mit dem ferromagnetischen Teil versehene Kolben im Arbeitszylinder verschoben und gelangt dabei in die Nähe eines der Permanentmagneten, so nehmen die Feldlinien den Weg des kleineren Widerstandes (über das am Kolben vorgesehene ferromagnetische Teil) und verlagern sich aus ihrem früheren Verlauf heraus. Die so hervorgerufene Störung des Magnetfeldes bewirkt ein Schalten der Kontakte des Schalters. Das Verlagern der Feldlinien bewirkt ein Verstärken des Magnetfeldes im Bereich der Kontakte des Schalters.The switch is biased at its connections with the corresponding magnetic field strength by the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets arranged opposite to each other. Two lug-like projections, which are connected to the permanent magnets in a magnetically conductive manner, can be provided on the housing and come to rest on the outer surface of the cylinder when the magnetic switching device is mounted on a cylinder. A magnetic switch device of the type described above operates as follows. Since on both sides of the switch the field strength of the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets has the opposite polarity but the same amount, the switch is not excited to switch. Switching of the contacts can only be achieved if the switch is either moved closer to one or the other of the two permanent magnets, or if the magnetic field of one of the two permanent magnets is disturbed and the other permanent magnet gains influence. Will the one with the Piston provided ferromagnetic part moved in the working cylinder and thereby comes close to one of the permanent magnets, so the field lines take the path of smaller resistance (via the ferromagnetic part provided on the piston) and shift out of their earlier course. The magnetic field disturbance thus caused causes the contacts of the switch to switch. The shifting of the field lines causes an intensification of the magnetic field in the area of the contacts of the switch.

Anstelle eines Reed-Kontaktelementes können in der beschriebenen Magnetschalteinrichtung auch Feldplatten angeordnet werden.Instead of a reed contact element, field plates can also be arranged in the magnetic switching device described.

Claims (4)

  1. Solenoid switch facilitiy, especially for fluidic work cylinders (1) with switch (11) actuatable as a function of a magnetic field, at least one permanent solenoid (14) being arranged perpendicular to the travel path of an at least partly ferro-magnetic body (23), featuring a pole (S) facing the said travel path, and serving to boost the magnetic field generated by the permanent solenoid when the body (23) comes into proximity, thus making the switch (11) actuatable without physical contact, this switch being mounted in a casing (3), the second pole (N) of the permanent solenoid (14) being connected by a first switch link (12) of the switch (11) in magnetically conductive manner,
    characterised by:
    a) the switch (11) and the permanent solenoid (14) being installed side by side in a separate casing inner chamber (8) of the casing (3), the latter being open at the end facing the travel path;
    b) the switch (11) featuring a second switch link (9) whereof one connecting wire (5) is likewise located on the side facing the travel path of the ferro-magnetic body (23);
    c) the connecting wire (5) as well as a second connecting wire (13) in each case being extended into contact clamps (6,10);
    d) and the upper part of the casing (3) featuring a plug (7) at the contact clamps (6,10).
  2. Solenoid switch facility to Claim 1,
    characterised by:
    the casing (3) being mounted by means of an articulated lever (34) at the tiebars (16) of the work cylinder (1).
  3. Solenoid switch facility to Claim 2,
    characterised by:
    the casing (3) being mounted adjustably relative to the longitudinal axis of the work cylinder (1).
  4. Solenoid switch device to Claims 1 to 3,
    characterised by:
    the casing (3) being mounted transversely adjustable to the longitudinal axis of the work cylinder (1).
EP86106629A 1985-06-29 1986-05-15 Contactless working proximity switching device Expired - Lifetime EP0207270B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86106629T ATE84910T1 (en) 1985-06-29 1986-05-15 NON-CONTACT PROXIMITY SWITCHING DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3523371 1985-06-29
DE3523371 1985-06-29
DE19863609537 DE3609537A1 (en) 1985-06-29 1986-03-21 NON-CONTACTIVE PROXIMITY SWITCHING DEVICE
DE3609537 1986-03-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0207270A2 EP0207270A2 (en) 1987-01-07
EP0207270A3 EP0207270A3 (en) 1988-09-14
EP0207270B1 true EP0207270B1 (en) 1993-01-20

Family

ID=25833593

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86106629A Expired - Lifetime EP0207270B1 (en) 1985-06-29 1986-05-15 Contactless working proximity switching device

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4680436A (en)
EP (1) EP0207270B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE84910T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8603000A (en)
DE (2) DE3609537A1 (en)

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EP0297150B1 (en) * 1987-06-27 1990-08-29 Pulsotronic Merten GmbH & Co. KG Position detector for the movable part of a fluid driven servomotor
FR2620530B1 (en) * 1987-09-16 1991-04-12 Celduc ELECTRICAL SENSOR DEVICE
DE3734525A1 (en) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-27 Festo Kg ESPECIALLY OPERATING SWITCHING ARRANGEMENT IN DEPENDENCE ON CERTAIN PISTON POSITIONS OF A PISTON-CYLINDER UNIT
US4800241A (en) * 1987-11-16 1989-01-24 Allied Automation Systems, Inc. Proximity switch mounting plate
DE9010114U1 (en) * 1990-07-03 1990-09-06 Festo Kg, 7300 Esslingen, De
US5219068A (en) * 1991-07-16 1993-06-15 Cincinnati Milacron, Inc. Adjustable proximity switch mounting assembly
US5285652A (en) * 1993-04-08 1994-02-15 General Electric Company Sensor for pressure controlled switching valve for refrigeration system
US5704813A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-01-06 Namco Controls Corporation Proximity sensor housing and arrangement
CH691003A5 (en) * 1996-08-13 2001-03-30 Parker Lucifer Sa electro-pneumatic control for head actuators.
US8375801B2 (en) * 2010-12-20 2013-02-19 Sondex Limited Sensitive differential pressure sensor and method
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CN109530652A (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-03-29 贵州华昌汽车电器有限公司 A kind of plug-in type stainless steel sensor oil cylinder of die casting

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0207270A3 (en) 1988-09-14
BR8603000A (en) 1987-02-17
DE3609537A1 (en) 1987-01-08
US4680436A (en) 1987-07-14
EP0207270A2 (en) 1987-01-07
DE3687547D1 (en) 1993-03-04
ATE84910T1 (en) 1993-02-15

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