EP0205736B1 - Method for making spun-bonded fibre webs - Google Patents

Method for making spun-bonded fibre webs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0205736B1
EP0205736B1 EP86101924A EP86101924A EP0205736B1 EP 0205736 B1 EP0205736 B1 EP 0205736B1 EP 86101924 A EP86101924 A EP 86101924A EP 86101924 A EP86101924 A EP 86101924A EP 0205736 B1 EP0205736 B1 EP 0205736B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crimped
filaments
filament
mass
monofilaments
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EP86101924A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0205736A2 (en
EP0205736A3 (en
Inventor
Gerald Dipl.-Ing. Feigenbutz (Fh)
Günter Dipl.-Ing. Maurer (FH)
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Cerdia Produktions GmbH
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Rhone Poulenc Rhodia AG
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Priority to AT86101924T priority Critical patent/ATE72272T1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/06—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/08—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres or yarns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing spunbonded nonwovens from spun fibers and / or filaments by blow spinning a melt or a solution of a spinnable polymeric material with the aid of a nozzle head which has one or more nozzle openings and a receiving device.
  • a process for the production of spunbonded nonwovens by spray spinning (blow spinning) of fiber-forming polymers is also known from German published patent application 19 00 265; in this publication it is pointed out that all organic polymers which can be processed by melt spinning or solution spinning can be used for the process as fiber-forming polymers; polyolefins, e.g. Polypropylene and polyethylene, also called cellulose acetate and triacetate, polyamides, polyacetals, polyesters and acrylic polymers.
  • the spunbonded nonwovens made from spun fibers and / or filaments have the following disadvantages: They have too high a density for purposes such as thermal insulation, especially if they consist of micro-spun fibers and / or filaments. Due to their high density, they have insufficient gas, vapor and liquid permeability for use as filter material.
  • spinnable polymeric materials for the purposes of the invention, all those which can be processed by melt spinning or solution spinning (dry spinning) can be used as spinnable polymeric materials; Suitable are therefore, for example, polyolefins, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides, such as polyamide-6,6 and polyamide-6, cellulose esters, such as cellulose-2,5-acetate and triacetate, and acrylic polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile.
  • polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene
  • polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate
  • polyamides such as polyamide-6,6 and polyamide-6
  • cellulose esters such as cellulose-2,5-acetate and triacetate
  • acrylic polymers such as polyacrylonitrile
  • crimped monofilaments or crimped filament yarns are applied to the mass of the spunbond fibers and / or filaments forming the spunbonded nonwovens or are introduced into the mass of the spunbonded fibers and / or filaments forming the spunbonded nonwovens.
  • Possible crimped monofilaments and filament yarns are, for example, those which have been crimped by false twist crimping, blow nozzle crimping or stuffer box crimping.
  • the monofilaments and filament yarns can be made, for example, from polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides such as aromatic polyamides, polyamide-6 and polyamide-6,6, cellulose esters such as cellulose-2,5-acetate and triacetate, and Acrylic polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile, exist.
  • polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene
  • polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate
  • polyamides such as aromatic polyamides
  • polyamide-6 and polyamide-6,6, cellulose esters such as cellulose-2,5-acetate and triacetate
  • Acrylic polymers such as polyacrylonitrile
  • examples include a false twist crimped polyamide 6.6 filament yarn 22 dtex f 5 or a false twist crimped polyamide 6.6 filament yarn 44 dtex f 13.
  • the monofilaments and filament yarns can also have a much lower or higher titer.
  • the monofilaments and filament yarns have a modulus of at least 1 cN / dtex.
  • the module also referred to as the elasticity or initial module
  • the tensile stress-strain curve is determined by a tensile test according to DIN 53834.
  • the application or introduction of the monofilaments and / or filament yarns can e.g. by inflating or blowing in using filament or filament yarn feed nozzles.
  • the deflecting rollers 5 are arranged laterally so close to the mass 6 of the spunbond fibers and / or filaments emerging from the nozzle openings 2 that form the spunbonded nonwoven 7, that the crimped monofilaments 4 and / or crimped filament yarns 4 fed via these deflection rollers 5 are entrained by the gas stream accompanying the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments, caused by the blow spinning and called primary gas stream, and applied to the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments will.
  • the device of FIG. 2 has a nozzle head 1 with nozzle openings 2, a receiving device 3 and filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8.
  • the conveying nozzles 8 are laterally the mass 6 of the spun fibers 7 and / or emerging from the nozzle openings 2 and forming the spunbonded fabric 7 Filaments arranged.
  • the feed nozzles 8 which can be operated with compressed air or another gas under pressure, the crimped monofilaments 4 and / or the crimped filament yarns 4 are fed to the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments; the pressure of this air or gas is adjusted so that the monofilaments 4 and / or the filament yarns 4 are blown onto the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments, i.e. do not penetrate into this mass 6, after which they pass through the mass 6 accompanying the staple fibers and / or filaments, which are entrained by the blow spinning and called primary gas flow.
  • the device according to FIG. 3 has a nozzle head 1 with nozzle openings 2, a receiving device 3 and deflection rollers 5.
  • the deflection rollers 5 are arranged below the nozzle head 1 in each case - in the middle - between two adjacent nozzle openings 2, so that the deflection rollers 5 above them supplied crimped monofilaments 4 and / or crimped filament yarns 4 are brought into the interior of the mass 6 of the spun fibers and / or filaments emerging from the nozzle openings 2 and forming the spunbonded nonwoven 7, after which they pass through the mass 6 of the spun fibers and / or filaments, are entrained by the gas flow caused by blow spinning and called primary gas flow.
  • the device according to FIG. 4 has a nozzle head 1 with nozzle openings 2, a receiving device 3 and filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8.
  • the conveying nozzles 8 are to the side of the mass 6 of the spun fibers 7 and / or emerging from the nozzle openings 2 and forming the spunbonded fabric 7 Filaments arranged.
  • the crimped monofilaments 4 and / or the crimped filament yarns 4 are fed to the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments; the pressure of this air or gas is adjusted so that the monofilaments 4 and / or the filament yarns 4 are blown into the interior of the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments, after which they accompany the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments , entrained by the gas stream caused by blow spinning and called the primary gas stream.
  • the device according to FIG. 4 was used for this example; however, the filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8 remained out of operation, so that no crimped monofilaments 4 and / or crimped filament yarns 4 were blown into the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments emerging from the nozzle openings 2 and forming the spunbonded fabric 7.
  • Polypropylene with a melt index at 230 ° C / 2.16 kg of 13 g / 10 min, a density at 23 ° C of 0.902 g / cm3 and a melting range of 165-170 ° C was melted and using the nozzle head 1, the the was similar according to German Patent 25 50 463, through the nozzle openings 2 to spun fibers and filaments, which had an average diameter of 1.0 microns, spun (blow spun).
  • the primary gas stream accompanying mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments was a hot air stream.
  • the staple fibers and filaments were formed into a spunbonded fabric by being placed on the receiving device 3, which consisted of a rotating drum.
  • the fleece obtained had a basis weight of 170 g / m2, a thickness of 6 mm and an air passage of 600 m3 / m2.h at a differential pressure of 490.35 Pa.
  • Example 2 the same device and the same polymer were used as in Example 1.
  • the conditions corresponded to those of Example 1, except that in addition one of the filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8 corresponds to that in German utility model 73 06 184 described nozzle was comparable, was in operation.
  • a spunbond fabric was formed by depositing the mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments with the polyamide 6,6 filament yarn on the take-up drum 3, which rotated at the same speed as in Example 1.
  • the fleece obtained had a basis weight of 251 g / m2 and a thickness of 15 mm.
  • the measurement of the air passage of this fleece resulted in a value of 1,200 m3 / m2. h at a differential pressure of 490.35 Pa.
  • Example 2 was repeated, with the difference, however, that with the aid of the one delivery nozzle 8 instead of the false twist-crimped polyamide 6.6 filament yarn 22 dtex f 5, a false twist crimped polyamide 6.6 filament yarn 44 dtex f 13 with a modulus of 24 cN / dtex was blown into the interior of mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments, again at an angle of 45 ° to the direction of flow of this mass 6.
  • This polyamide-6,6 filament yarn also became the primary gas stream accompanying mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments 44 dtex f 13 entrained and distributed tangled within the mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments.
  • the spunbonded fabric removed from the rotating take-up drum 3 had a weight per unit area of 230 g / m 2 and a thickness of 22 mm.
  • the measurement of the air passage of this fleece resulted in a value of 1,800 m3 / m2. h at a differential pressure of 490.35 Pa.
  • the filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8, which were arranged so as to carry out Examples 2 and 3, can also be arranged pivotably.
  • the invention has the following advantages: With the method according to the invention, it is possible to produce spunbonded nonwovens after the blow-spinning process, which have a low and uniform density and an increased gas, vapor and liquid permeability, without additional process steps.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

Method for making spunbonded fibre webs from synthetic fibres and/or filaments by blow spinning a melt or solution of a spinnable polymer material with the aid of a jet head (1) with jet openings (2) and a take-up device (3). In the area between the jet openings (2) and the take-up device (3) a smooth and/or crimped monofilament (4) and/or a smooth and/or crimped filament yarn (4) - or more than one thereof - having a modulus of at least 1 cN/dtex are applied to or introduced into the mass (6) of the fibres and/or filaments forming the spunbonded fibre webs (7), preferably by blowing by means of filament (yarn) forwarding jets (8). The smooth monofilaments or filament yarns improve the strength properties, such as tensile strength, and also the burst strength of the spunbonded fibre webs. The crimped monofilaments or filament yarns mainly confer on the spunbonded fibre webs a low and uniform density and also an improved gas, vapour and liquid permeability. In contradistinction to existing methods, the novel method requires no additional steps after the blow spinning step. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Spinnvliesen aus Spinnfasern und/ oder Filamenten durch Blasspinnen einer Schmelze oder einer Lösung eines spinnbaren polymeren Materials mit Hilfe eines Düsenkopfs, der eine Düsenöffnung oder mehrere Düsenöffnungen aufweist, und einer Aufnahmevorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for producing spunbonded nonwovens from spun fibers and / or filaments by blow spinning a melt or a solution of a spinnable polymeric material with the aid of a nozzle head which has one or more nozzle openings and a receiving device.

Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 19 64 060 ist es bekannt, Spinnvliese durch Blasspinnen einer Polypropylen-Schmelze herzustellen. Zur Spinnvliesherstellung durch Blasspinnen zählt im übrigen auch das konventionelle Verfahren, wie es z.B. aus der französischen Patentschrift 1 364 916 bekannt ist.From German published patent application 19 64 060 it is known to produce spunbonded nonwovens by blow spinning a polypropylene melt. The conventional process, e.g. is known from French patent 1,364,916.

Auch aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 19 00 265 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Spinnvliesen durch Spritzspinnen (Blasspinnen) von faserbildenden Polymeren bekannt; in dieser Veröffentlichung wird darauf hingewiesen, daß für das Verfahren als faserbildende Polymeren alle organischen Polymeren, die durch Schmelzspinnen oder Lösungsspinnen verarbeitet werden können, einsetzbar sind; es werden Polyolefine, z.B. Polypropylen und Polyäthylen, ferner Celluloseacetat und -triacetat, Polyamide, Polyacetale, Polyester und Acrylpolymeren genannt.A process for the production of spunbonded nonwovens by spray spinning (blow spinning) of fiber-forming polymers is also known from German published patent application 19 00 265; in this publication it is pointed out that all organic polymers which can be processed by melt spinning or solution spinning can be used for the process as fiber-forming polymers; polyolefins, e.g. Polypropylene and polyethylene, also called cellulose acetate and triacetate, polyamides, polyacetals, polyesters and acrylic polymers.

Die nach diesen bekannten Verfahren hergestellten Spinnvliese aus Spinnfasern und/oder Filamenten weisen jedoch folgende Nachteile auf:
Für Zwecke wie die der thermischen Isolierung besitzen sie, insbesondere, wenn sie aus Mikro-Spinnfasern und/oder -Filamenten bestehen, eine zu hohe Dichte.
Für den Einsatz als Filtermaterial weisen sie - bedingt durch ihre hohe Dichte - eine zu geringe Gas-, Dampf- und Flüssigkeitsdurchlässigkeit auf.The spunbonded nonwovens made from spun fibers and / or filaments, however, have the following disadvantages:
They have too high a density for purposes such as thermal insulation, especially if they consist of micro-spun fibers and / or filaments.
Due to their high density, they have insufficient gas, vapor and liquid permeability for use as filter material.

Es ist aus der U.S.-Patentschrift 4 118 531 bekannt, die Dichte von durch Blasspinnen erzeugten Spinnvliesen aus Mikro-Spinnfasern zu verringern - und damit deren Volumen zu vergrössern -, indem man in den Strom der blasgesponnenen Mikro-Spinnfasern gekräuselte Spinnfasern (Stapelfasern) , also Fasern von begrenzter Länge, einbläst. Ein solches Verfahren zeigt jedoch u.a. den Nachteil, daß es nicht möglich ist, die gekräuselten Spinnfasern gleichmäßig im Spinnvlies zu verteilen, da sie sich wegen ihrer begrenzten Länge und durch ihre Kräuselung während des Einblasens mit- oder ineinander verhaken, was zu Agglomerationen dieser gekräuselten Spinnfasern und damit zu Spinnvliesen mit ungleichmäßiger Dichte führt.It is known from US Pat. No. 4,118,531 to reduce the density of spunbonded nonwovens made from micro-spun fibers, and thus to increase their volume, by spun fibers (staple fibers) crimped into the stream of blow-spun micro-spun fibers. that is, fibers of limited length are blown in. However, such a method shows, among other things. the disadvantage that it is not possible to distribute the crimped staple fibers evenly in the spunbonded fabric because they get caught together or in one another due to their limited length and their crimping during blowing, which leads to agglomerations of these crimped staple fibers and thus to spunbonded fabrics with uneven Density leads.

Ferner ist aus der U.S.-Patentschrift 4 238 175 ein Herstellungsverfahren für Spinnvliese aus polymerem Material durch Schmelzblasspinnen bekannt, nach dem mehrere glatte, also nicht-gekräuselte Monofilamente mit Hilfe von mit Luft betriebenen Fördereinrichtungen in die Masse der die Spinnvliese bildenden Fasern eingeblasen werden; die eingeblasenen glatten Monofilamente eignen sich und dienen jedoch ausschließlich zur Verstärkung, nicht jedoch beispielsweise zur Verringerung der Dichte der Spinnvliese.Also known from U.S. Patent 4,238,175 is a manufacturing process for spunbonded nonwovens made of polymeric material by meltblown spinning, according to which several smooth, ie non-crimped monofilaments are blown into the mass of the fibers forming the spunbonded nonwovens with the aid of air-operated conveyors; The blown-in smooth monofilaments are suitable and are used exclusively for reinforcement, but not, for example, to reduce the density of the spunbonded nonwovens.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit dem ohne die Notwendigkeit von zusätzlichen Verfahrensschritten nach dem des Blasspinnens Spinnvliese gewonnen werden können, die

  • eine niedrige und insbesondere gleichmäßige Dichte sowie für den Einsatz als Filtermaterial eine verbesserte, also erhöhte Gas-, Dampf- und Flüssigkeitsdurchlässigkeit aufweisen.
The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type described above, with which without the need for additional process steps after the pale spinning nonwovens can be obtained
  • have a low and, in particular, uniform density and, for use as filter material, have an improved, ie increased gas, vapor and liquid permeability.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei dem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß durch die im einzigen Patentanspruch angegebenen Maßnahmen gelöst.This object is achieved in the method of the type mentioned in the invention by the measures specified in the single claim.

Für die Zwecke der Erfindung können als spinnbare polymere Materialien alle die, die durch Schmelzspinnen oder Lösungsspinnen (Trockenspinnen) verarbeitbar sind, eingesetzt werden; geeignet sind daher beispielsweise Polyolefine, wie Polyäthylen und Polypropylen, Polyester, wie Polyäthylenterephthalat, Polyamide, wie Polyamid-6,6 und Polyamid-6, Celluloseester, wie Cellulose-2,5-Acetat und -Triacetat, und Acrylpolymeren, wie Polyacrylnitril.For the purposes of the invention, all those which can be processed by melt spinning or solution spinning (dry spinning) can be used as spinnable polymeric materials; Suitable are therefore, for example, polyolefins, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides, such as polyamide-6,6 and polyamide-6, cellulose esters, such as cellulose-2,5-acetate and triacetate, and acrylic polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile.

Erfindungsgemäß werden gekräuselte Monofilamente oder gekräuselte Filamentgarne auf die Masse der die Spinnvliese bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente aufgebracht oder in die Masse der die Spinnvliese bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente eingebracht. Als gekräuselte Monofilamente und Filamentgarne kommen beispielsweise solche in Betracht, die durch Falschdrallkräuseln, Blasdüsenkräuseln oder Stauchkammerkräuseln mit einer Kräuselung versehen worden sind.
Die Monofilamente und Filamentgarne können beispielsweise aus Polyolefinen, wie Polyäthylen und Polypropylen, Polyestern, wie Polyäthylenterephthalat, Polyamiden, wie aromatischen Polyamiden, Polyamid-6 und Polyamid-6,6, Celluloseestern, wie Cellulose-2,5-Acetat und -Triacetat, und Acrylpolymeren, wie Polyacrylnitril, bestehen.
Als Beispiel seien ein falschdrallgekräuseltes Polyamid-6,6-Filamentgarn 22 dtex f 5 oder ein falschdrallgekräuseltes Polyamid-6,6-Filamentgarn 44 dtex f 13 genannt. Die Monofilamente und Filamentgarne können jedoch auch einen weitaus niedrigeren oder höheren Titer aufweisen.According to the invention, crimped monofilaments or crimped filament yarns are applied to the mass of the spunbond fibers and / or filaments forming the spunbonded nonwovens or are introduced into the mass of the spunbonded fibers and / or filaments forming the spunbonded nonwovens. Possible crimped monofilaments and filament yarns are, for example, those which have been crimped by false twist crimping, blow nozzle crimping or stuffer box crimping.
The monofilaments and filament yarns can be made, for example, from polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides such as aromatic polyamides, polyamide-6 and polyamide-6,6, cellulose esters such as cellulose-2,5-acetate and triacetate, and Acrylic polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile, exist.
Examples include a false twist crimped polyamide 6.6 filament yarn 22 dtex f 5 or a false twist crimped polyamide 6.6 filament yarn 44 dtex f 13. However, the monofilaments and filament yarns can also have a much lower or higher titer.

Gemäß der Erfindung weisen die Monofilamente und Filamentgarne einen Modul von mindestens 1 cN/dtex auf.
Der Modul (auch als Elastizitäts- oder Anfangsmodul bezeichnet) wird aus der Neugung der Tangente an den ersten - linearen - Teil der Zugspannungs-Dehnung-Kurve erhalten, wobei die - feinheitsbezogene - Zugspannung auf der Y-Achse über der Dehnung auf der X-Achse aufgetragen wird. Die Ermittlung der Zugspannungs-Dehnung-Kurve erfolgt jeweils durch einen Zugversuch nach DIN 53834.According to the invention, the monofilaments and filament yarns have a modulus of at least 1 cN / dtex.
The module (also referred to as the elasticity or initial module) is obtained from the curvature of the tangent to the first - linear - part of the tensile stress-strain curve, the - fineness-related - tensile stress on the Y-axis above the strain on the X- Axis is applied. The tensile stress-strain curve is determined by a tensile test according to DIN 53834.

Das Auf- oder Einbringen der Monofilamente und/ oder Filamentgarne kann z.B. durch Auf- oder Einblasen mit Hilfe von Filament- bzw. Filamentgarn-Förderdüsen erfolgen.The application or introduction of the monofilaments and / or filament yarns can e.g. by inflating or blowing in using filament or filament yarn feed nozzles.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 schematisch eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens im Schnitt. Diese Darstellung zeigt die Ausführungsform, nach der - gekräuselte - Monofilamente und/oder - gekräuselte - Filamentgarne auf die Masse der das Spinnvlies bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente aufgebracht werden, und zwar mit Hilfe von Umlenkrollen 5;
  • Fig. 2 schematisch eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens im Schnitt. Diese Darstellung zeigt die Ausführungsform, nach der - gekräuselte - Monofilamente und/oder - gekräuselte - Filamentgarne auf die Masse der das Spinnvlies bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente aufgeblasen werden, und zwar mit Hilfe von Filament- bzw. Filamentgarn-Förderdüsen 8;
  • Fig. 3 schematisch eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens im Schnitt. Diese Darstellung zeigt die Ausführungsform, nach der - gekräuselte - Monofilamente und/oder - gekräuselte - Filamentgarne in die Masse der das Spinnvlies bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente eingebracht werden, und zwar mit Hilfe von Umlenkrollen 5;
  • Fig. 4 schematisch eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens im Schnitt. Diese Darstellung zeigt die Ausführungsform, nach der - gekräuselte - Monofilamente und/oder - gekräuselte - Filamentgarne in die Masse der das Spinnvlies bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente eingeblasen werden, und zwar mit Hilfe von Filament- bzw. Filamentgarn-Förderdüsen 8;
  • Fig. 5 eine Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in Richtung A der Fig. 3 ab der dort angegebenen Schnittebene. Diese Darstellung zeigt, daß die Umlenkrollen 5 nach Fig. 3 jeweils - mittig - zwischen zwei benachbarten Düsenöffnungen 2 unterhalb des Düsenkopfs 1 angeordnet sind.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a device for performing the method according to the invention in section. This illustration shows the embodiment according to which - crimped - monofilaments and / or - crimped - filament yarns are applied to the mass of the staple fibers and / or filaments forming the spunbonded fabric, with the aid of deflection rollers 5;
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention in section. This illustration shows the embodiment according to which - crimped - monofilaments and / or - crimped - filament yarns are blown onto the mass of the staple fibers and / or filaments forming the spunbonded nonwoven, with the aid of filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8;
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention in section. This illustration shows the embodiment according to which - crimped - monofilaments and / or - crimped - filament yarns are introduced into the mass of the staple fibers and / or filaments forming the spunbonded nonwoven, with the aid of deflection rollers 5;
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention in section. This illustration shows the embodiment according to which - crimped - monofilaments and / or - crimped - filament yarns are blown into the mass of the staple fibers and / or filaments forming the spunbonded nonwoven, with the aid of filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8;
  • Fig. 5 is a view of the device according to the invention in the direction A of Fig. 3 from the section plane indicated there. This illustration shows that the deflecting rollers 5 according to FIG. 3 are arranged - in the middle - between two adjacent nozzle openings 2 below the nozzle head 1.

Die Vorrichtung der Fig. 1 besitzt einen Düsenkopf 1 mit Düsenöffnungen 2, eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 3 und Umlenkrollen 5. Die Umlenkrollen 5 sind seitlich so nahe an die Masse 6 der aus den Düsenöffnungen 2 austretenden, das Spinnvlies 7 bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente angeordnet, daß die über diese Umlenkrollen 5 zugeführten gekräuselten Monofilamente 4 und/oder gekräuselten Filamentgarne 4 durch den die Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente begleitenden, durch das Blasspinnen bedingten und Primärgasstrom genannten Gasstrom mitgerissen und auf die Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente aufgebracht werden.1 has a nozzle head 1 with nozzle openings 2, a receiving device 3 and deflecting rollers 5. The deflecting rollers 5 are arranged laterally so close to the mass 6 of the spunbond fibers and / or filaments emerging from the nozzle openings 2 that form the spunbonded nonwoven 7, that the crimped monofilaments 4 and / or crimped filament yarns 4 fed via these deflection rollers 5 are entrained by the gas stream accompanying the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments, caused by the blow spinning and called primary gas stream, and applied to the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments will.

Die Vorrichtung der Fig. 2 besitzt einen Düsenkopf 1 mit Düsenöffnungen 2, eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 3 und Filament- bzw. Filamentgarn-Förderdüsen 8. Die Förderdüsen 8 sind seitlich der Masse 6 der aus den Düsenöffnungen 2 austretenden, das Spinnvlies 7 bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente angeordnet. Mit Hilfe der Förderdüsen 8, die mit Druckluft oder einem anderen unter Druck stehenden Gas betrieben werden können, werden die gekräuselten Monofilamente 4 und/oder die gekräuselten Filamentgarne 4 der Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente zugeführt; dabei wird der Druck dieser Luft oder des Gases so eingestellt, daß die Monofilamente 4 und/oder die Filamentgarne 4 auf die Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente aufgeblasen werden, also nicht in diese Masse 6 eindringen, wonach sie durch den die Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente begleitenden, durch das Blasspinnen bedingten und Primärgasstrom genannten Gasstrom mitgerissen werden.The device of FIG. 2 has a nozzle head 1 with nozzle openings 2, a receiving device 3 and filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8. The conveying nozzles 8 are laterally the mass 6 of the spun fibers 7 and / or emerging from the nozzle openings 2 and forming the spunbonded fabric 7 Filaments arranged. With the help of the feed nozzles 8, which can be operated with compressed air or another gas under pressure, the crimped monofilaments 4 and / or the crimped filament yarns 4 are fed to the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments; the pressure of this air or gas is adjusted so that the monofilaments 4 and / or the filament yarns 4 are blown onto the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments, i.e. do not penetrate into this mass 6, after which they pass through the mass 6 accompanying the staple fibers and / or filaments, which are entrained by the blow spinning and called primary gas flow.

Die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3 verfügt über einen Düsenkopf 1 mit Düsenöffnungen 2, eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 3 und Umlenkrollen 5. Die Umlenkrollen 5 sind unterhalb des Düsenkopfs 1 jeweils - mittig - zwischen zwei benachbarten Düsenöffnungen 2 angeordnet, so daß die über diese Umlenkrollen 5 zugeführten gekräuselten Monofilamente 4 und/ oder gekräuselten Filamentgarne 4 in das Innere der Masse 6 der aus den Düsenöffnungen 2 austretenden, das Spinnvlies 7 bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente hineingebracht werden, wonach sie durch den die Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente begleitenden, durch das Blasspinnen bedingten und Primärgasstrom genannten Gasstrom mitgerissen werden.The device according to FIG. 3 has a nozzle head 1 with nozzle openings 2, a receiving device 3 and deflection rollers 5. The deflection rollers 5 are arranged below the nozzle head 1 in each case - in the middle - between two adjacent nozzle openings 2, so that the deflection rollers 5 above them supplied crimped monofilaments 4 and / or crimped filament yarns 4 are brought into the interior of the mass 6 of the spun fibers and / or filaments emerging from the nozzle openings 2 and forming the spunbonded nonwoven 7, after which they pass through the mass 6 of the spun fibers and / or filaments, are entrained by the gas flow caused by blow spinning and called primary gas flow.

Die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 4 besitzt einen Düsenkopf 1 mit Düsenöffnungen 2, eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 3 und Filament- bzw. Filamentgarn-Förderdüsen 8. Die Förderdüsen 8 sind seitlich der Masse 6 der aus den Düsenöffnungen 2 austretenden, das Spinnvlies 7 bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente angeordnet. Mit Hilfe der Förderdüsen 8, die mit Druckluft oder einem anderen unter Druck stehenden Gas betrieben werden können, werden die gekräuselten Monofilamente 4 und/oder die gekräuselten Filamentgarne 4 der Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente zugeführt; dabei wird der Druck dieser Luft oder des Gases so eingestellte daß die Monofilamente 4 und/oder die Filamentgarne 4 in das Innere der Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente hineingeblasen werden, wonach sie durch den die Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente begleitenden, durch das Blasspinnen bedingten und Primärgasstrom genannten Gasstrom mitgerissen werden.The device according to FIG. 4 has a nozzle head 1 with nozzle openings 2, a receiving device 3 and filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8. The conveying nozzles 8 are to the side of the mass 6 of the spun fibers 7 and / or emerging from the nozzle openings 2 and forming the spunbonded fabric 7 Filaments arranged. With the help of the feed nozzles 8, which can be operated with compressed air or another gas under pressure, the crimped monofilaments 4 and / or the crimped filament yarns 4 are fed to the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments; the pressure of this air or gas is adjusted so that the monofilaments 4 and / or the filament yarns 4 are blown into the interior of the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments, after which they accompany the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments , entrained by the gas stream caused by blow spinning and called the primary gas stream.

Beispiel 1example 1 (Vergleichsbeispiel)(Comparative example)

Für dieses Beispiel wurde die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 eingesetzt; allerdings blieben die Filament- bzw. Filamentgarn-Förderdüsen 8 außer Betrieb, so daß keine gekräuselten Monofilamente 4 und/oder gekräuselten Filamentgarne 4 in die Masse 6 der aus den Düsenöffnungen 2 austretenden, das Spinnvlies 7 bildenden Spinnfasern und/oder Filamente hineingeblasen wurden.
Polypropylen mit einem Schmelzindex bei 230°C/2,16 kg von 13 g/10 min, einer Dichte bei 23°C von 0,902 g/cm³ und einem Schmelzbereich von 165-170°C wurde geschmolzen und mit Hilfe des Düsenkopfs 1, der dem gemäß der deutschen Patentschrift 25 50 463 ähnlich war, durch die Düsenöffnungen 2 zu Spinnfasern und Filamenten, die einen mittleren Durchmesser von 1,0 µm aufwiesen, versponnen (blasgesponnen). Der die Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und Filamente begleitenden Primärgasstrom war ein Heißluftstrom.
Die Spinnfasern und Filamente wurden durch Ablage auf der Aufnahmevorrichtung 3, die aus einer rotierenden Trommel bestand, zu einem Spinnvlies umgeformt.
Das erhaltene Vlies hatte ein Flächengewicht von 170 g/m², eine Dicke von 6 mm und einen Luftdurchlaß von 600 m³/m².h bei einem Differenzdruck von 490,35 Pa.The device according to FIG. 4 was used for this example; however, the filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8 remained out of operation, so that no crimped monofilaments 4 and / or crimped filament yarns 4 were blown into the mass 6 of the staple fibers and / or filaments emerging from the nozzle openings 2 and forming the spunbonded fabric 7.
Polypropylene with a melt index at 230 ° C / 2.16 kg of 13 g / 10 min, a density at 23 ° C of 0.902 g / cm³ and a melting range of 165-170 ° C was melted and using the nozzle head 1, the the was similar according to German Patent 25 50 463, through the nozzle openings 2 to spun fibers and filaments, which had an average diameter of 1.0 microns, spun (blow spun). The primary gas stream accompanying mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments was a hot air stream.
The staple fibers and filaments were formed into a spunbonded fabric by being placed on the receiving device 3, which consisted of a rotating drum.
The fleece obtained had a basis weight of 170 g / m², a thickness of 6 mm and an air passage of 600 m³ / m².h at a differential pressure of 490.35 Pa.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Für dieses Beispiel wurden die gleiche Vorrichtung und das gleiche Polymere verwendet wie im Beispiel 1. Die Bedingungen entsprachen denen des Beispiels 1 bis auf die Tatsache, daß zusätzlich eine der Filament- bzw. Filamentgarnförderdüsen 8, die mit der in dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster 73 06 184 beschriebenen Düse vergleichbar war, in Betrieb war. Mit Hilfe dieser einen Förderdüse 8, die mit Druckluft betrieben wurde, wurde ein falschdrallgekräuselteS Polyamid-6,6-Filamentgarn 22 dtex f 5 mit einem Modul von 21 cN/dtex der Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und Filamente zugeführt, und zwar unter einem Winkel von 45° zur Fließrichtung dieser Masse 6; dabei war der Druck der Luft, mit der die Förderdüse 8 betrieben wurde, so eingestellt, daß das Polyamid-6,6-Filamentgarn in das Innere der Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und Filamente hineingeblasen wurde. Durch den die Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und Filamente begleitenden Primärgasstrom - einen Heißluftstrom - wurde das Polyamid-6,6-Filamentgarn mitgerissen und wirr innerhalb der Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und Filamente verteilt.
Durch Ablage der Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und Filamente mit dem Polyamid-6,6-Filamentgarn auf der Aufnahmetrommel 3, die mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit wie im Beispiel 1 rotierte, wurde ein Spinnvlies geformt.
Das erhaltene Vlies hatte ein Flächengewicht von 251 g/m² und eine Dicke von 15 mm. Die Messung des Luftdurchlasses dieses Vlieses ergab einen Wert von 1.200 m³/m². h bei einem Differenzdruck von 490,35 Pa.For this example, the same device and the same polymer were used as in Example 1. The conditions corresponded to those of Example 1, except that in addition one of the filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8 corresponds to that in German utility model 73 06 184 described nozzle was comparable, was in operation. With the aid of this one delivery nozzle 8, which was operated with compressed air, a false twist crimped polyamide 6.6 filament yarn 22 dtex f 5 with a modulus of 21 cN / dtex was fed to the mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments, at an angle of 45 ° to the flow direction of this mass 6; the pressure of the air at which the feed nozzle 8 was operated was adjusted so that the polyamide 6,6 filament yarn was blown into the interior of the mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments. The primary gas flow accompanying the mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments - a hot air flow - entrained the polyamide 6.6 filament yarn and distributed it tangled within the mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments.
A spunbond fabric was formed by depositing the mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments with the polyamide 6,6 filament yarn on the take-up drum 3, which rotated at the same speed as in Example 1.
The fleece obtained had a basis weight of 251 g / m² and a thickness of 15 mm. The measurement of the air passage of this fleece resulted in a value of 1,200 m³ / m². h at a differential pressure of 490.35 Pa.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Das Beispiel 2 wurde wiederholt, allerdings mit dem Unterschied, daß mit Hilfe der einen Förderdüse 8 statt des falschdrallgekräuselten Polyamid-6,6-Filamentgarnes 22 dtex f 5 ein falschdrallgekräuseltes Polyamid-6,6-Filamentgarn 44 dtex f 13 mit einem Modul von 24 cN/dtex in das Innere der Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und Filamente hineingeblasen wurde, wiederum unter einem Winkel von 45° zur Fließrichtung dieser Masse 6. Durch den die Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und Filamente begleitenden Primärgasstrom wurde auch dieses Polyamid-6,6-Filamentgarn 44 dtex f 13 mitgerissen und wirr innerhalb der Masse 6 der Spinnfasern und Filamente verteilt. Das von der rotierenden Aufnahmetrommel 3 entnommene Spinnvlies hatte ein Flächengewicht von 230 g/m² Und eine Dicke von 22 mm. Die Messung des Luftdurchlasses dieses Vlieses ergab einen Wert von 1.800 m³/m². h bei einem Differenzdruck von 490,35 Pa.Example 2 was repeated, with the difference, however, that with the aid of the one delivery nozzle 8 instead of the false twist-crimped polyamide 6.6 filament yarn 22 dtex f 5, a false twist crimped polyamide 6.6 filament yarn 44 dtex f 13 with a modulus of 24 cN / dtex was blown into the interior of mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments, again at an angle of 45 ° to the direction of flow of this mass 6. This polyamide-6,6 filament yarn also became the primary gas stream accompanying mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments 44 dtex f 13 entrained and distributed tangled within the mass 6 of the staple fibers and filaments. The spunbonded fabric removed from the rotating take-up drum 3 had a weight per unit area of 230 g / m 2 and a thickness of 22 mm. The measurement of the air passage of this fleece resulted in a value of 1,800 m³ / m². h at a differential pressure of 490.35 Pa.

Selbstverständlich können die Filament- bzw. Filamentgarnförderdüsen 8, die zur Durchführung der Beispiele 2 und 3 feststehend angeordnet waren, auch schwenkbar angeordnet sein. Gleiches gilt für die Umlenkrollen 5. Dadurch wird es möglich, eine noch bessere, also noch gleichmäßigere Verteilung der Monofilamente und/oder Filamentgarne auf oder in dem Spinnvlies zu erzielen.Of course, the filament or filament yarn conveying nozzles 8, which were arranged so as to carry out Examples 2 and 3, can also be arranged pivotably. The same applies to the deflection rollers 5. This makes it possible to achieve an even better, that is to say an even distribution of the monofilaments and / or filament yarns on or in the spunbonded nonwoven.

Die Erfindung weist folgende Vorteile auf:
Es ist mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren möglich, ohne zusätzliche Verfahrensschritte nach dem des Blasspinnens Spinnvliese herzustellen, die eine niedrige und gleichmäßige Dichte sowie eine erhöhte Gas-, Dampf- und Flüssigkeitsdurchlässigkeit aufweisen.The invention has the following advantages:
With the method according to the invention, it is possible to produce spunbonded nonwovens after the blow-spinning process, which have a low and uniform density and an increased gas, vapor and liquid permeability, without additional process steps.

Claims (1)

  1. Method for manufacturing spun fleeces from spun fibres and/or filaments by the blow spinning of a melt or of a solution of a spinnable polymeric material my means of a jet head having one jet orifice or several jet orifices and a take up device, wherein in the region between the jet orifice or the jet orifices and the take up device
    - a crimped monofilament, or several crimped monofilaments
    and/or
    - a crimped filament yarn, or several crimped filament yarns


    is or are applied to the mass of the spun fibres and/or filaments forming the spun fleeces, or is or are introduced into the mass of the spun fibres and/or filaments forming the spun fleeces, the monofilaments or filament yarns having a modulus of at least 1 cN/dtex.
EP86101924A 1985-06-13 1986-02-14 Method for making spun-bonded fibre webs Expired - Lifetime EP0205736B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86101924T ATE72272T1 (en) 1985-06-13 1986-02-14 PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SPUN NONWOVEN.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853521221 DE3521221A1 (en) 1985-06-13 1985-06-13 METHOD FOR PRODUCING SPINNING FLEECE
DE3521221 1985-06-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0205736A2 EP0205736A2 (en) 1986-12-30
EP0205736A3 EP0205736A3 (en) 1989-09-06
EP0205736B1 true EP0205736B1 (en) 1992-01-29

Family

ID=6273190

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EP86101924A Expired - Lifetime EP0205736B1 (en) 1985-06-13 1986-02-14 Method for making spun-bonded fibre webs

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EP (1) EP0205736B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61289164A (en)
AT (1) ATE72272T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1278659C (en)
DE (2) DE3521221A1 (en)
ES (1) ES8702960A1 (en)
NO (1) NO861034L (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2044939T3 (en) * 1986-08-22 1994-01-16 Minnesota Mining & Mfg LAMINATE MATERIAL BLOWN IN CAST STATE, DURABLE.
US5685757A (en) * 1989-06-20 1997-11-11 Corovin Gmbh Fibrous spun-bonded non-woven composite
DE19609143C1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-11-13 Rhodia Ag Rhone Poulenc Melt-blown fleece, process for its production and its uses
CN109943980B (en) * 2017-12-20 2021-02-23 财团法人纺织产业综合研究所 Non-woven fabric structure and manufacturing method thereof

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GB772628A (en) * 1953-11-23 1957-04-17 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Improved method for producing laminated sheet material from plastic or mineral fibres
NL295177A (en) * 1963-11-29
GB1213441A (en) * 1968-01-04 1970-11-25 Celanese Corp Improvements in fibrous products
CA995430A (en) * 1968-12-23 1976-08-24 Robert R. Buntin Non-woven polypropylene mats by melt blowing
CA1073648A (en) * 1976-08-02 1980-03-18 Edward R. Hauser Web of blended microfibers and crimped bulking fibers
JPS53114974A (en) * 1977-03-15 1978-10-06 Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kk Method and apparatus for making nonnwoven structure

Also Published As

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CA1278659C (en) 1991-01-08
ES8702960A1 (en) 1987-01-16
EP0205736A2 (en) 1986-12-30
ES553159A0 (en) 1987-01-16
DE3683691D1 (en) 1992-03-12
ATE72272T1 (en) 1992-02-15
DE3521221A1 (en) 1986-12-18
EP0205736A3 (en) 1989-09-06
NO861034L (en) 1986-12-15
JPS61289164A (en) 1986-12-19

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