EP0203315B1 - Zähne zur Verwendung an einem Erdbewegungsgerät - Google Patents

Zähne zur Verwendung an einem Erdbewegungsgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0203315B1
EP0203315B1 EP86104482A EP86104482A EP0203315B1 EP 0203315 B1 EP0203315 B1 EP 0203315B1 EP 86104482 A EP86104482 A EP 86104482A EP 86104482 A EP86104482 A EP 86104482A EP 0203315 B1 EP0203315 B1 EP 0203315B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tooth
fastener
passage
adapter
members
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86104482A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0203315A3 (en
EP0203315A2 (de
Inventor
George Paizes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gamma Lock Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Gamma Lock Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ZA86585A external-priority patent/ZA86585B/xx
Application filed by Gamma Lock Pty Ltd filed Critical Gamma Lock Pty Ltd
Priority to AT86104482T priority Critical patent/ATE60387T1/de
Publication of EP0203315A2 publication Critical patent/EP0203315A2/de
Publication of EP0203315A3 publication Critical patent/EP0203315A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0203315B1 publication Critical patent/EP0203315B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2808—Teeth
    • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
    • E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
    • E02F9/2841—Retaining means, e.g. pins resilient

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sacrificial teeth for use with earth moving equipment such as a bull-dozer, grader or ditcher.
  • teeth There are two main types of such teeth. There is a tooth which is largely hollow and which releasably fits on to an adapter that is in the form of a point. Such a tooth is hereinafter called a “hollow tooth”. A second type of tooth has a solid working end and a root section that is secured to, for example, a bucket. Such a tooth is hereinafter called a “solid tooth”.
  • a hollow tooth is generally fitted on to the adapter and is secured thereto by a fastener comprising a pin which passes through the point and is engaged in apertures in ears on the tooth that run alongside the adapter.
  • a fastener comprising a pin which passes through the point and is engaged in apertures in ears on the tooth that run alongside the adapter.
  • Solid teeth are generally in one of two forms.
  • the root section is divided horizontally into two root parts between which is received the bucket and the root section is secured to the bucket by a suitable fastener.
  • This type of tooth is hereinafter called a "split solid tooth”.
  • a second form of solid tooth has a root section which fits into an adapter in the form of a tooth socket secured to the bucket.
  • the root section has a transverse passage therethrough, and the adapter has a pair of side apertures which, when the root section is homed in the adapter, register or substantially register with the passage.
  • the fastener is located within the passage and projects into the said side apertures to retain the root section within the tooth socket, the latter being the outer part surrounding the root section which constitutes the inner part.
  • the latter tooth is hereinafter referred to as a "shanked solid tooth".
  • the fastener comprises a rubber/steel key that secures the root section to the socket
  • This key comprises two steel members extending over the entire length of the key and having an elastomeric element therebetween. The key is wider than the side apertures and passage in the root. It is hammered into the side apertures through the socket and through the passage in the root compressing the elastomeric element. When the tooth has worn down, the key is hammered out and the stub of the tooth can be removed.
  • a disadvantage of the system described in the preceding paragraph is that the side apertures and the passage must be accurately dimensioned. Furthermore it is necessary to have at least one loose part in addition to the tooth. This can cause difficulties in the field as it may be that a contractor has teeth to affix to an earth moving apparatus but does not have available the necessary fasteners.
  • Australian patent 558724 (Serial AU-B-28449/ 84) shows a fastener for multi part cutting edges of scraper blades for earth moving equipment.
  • the fastener which is arranged transversely to the direction of relative movement between the parts for removal comprises a pair of legs connected together by a compression spring which biasses the legs apart from an inner position to an outer position and which has its ends either cast or welded to the legs. These legs have notches to engage similarly contoured profiles in the side walls of an adaptor over which the cutting edge fits. A specially formed tool is required to apply pressure to the sides of these legs to compress the compression spring and thereby to permit the lock to be removed.
  • the manufacture of the fastener is complex and as described in the specification is probably impossible as the compression spring would be likely to be annealed during the welding or casting operation. It is doubtful whether this fastener could be used with shanked teeth either as described or at all.
  • a fastener for a tooth for use with earth moving equipment comprising a pair of fastening members that are mounted to pivot relative to one another from an inner position to an outer position and biassing means, preferably in the form of an elastomeric element, preferably comprising rubber or neoprene, to bias the fastening members apart from the inner positions to the outer positions, the fastener further comprising an abutment member against which the said fastening members butt in such a way as to be able to pivot relative thereto.
  • the said members are provided with rounded ends and preferably the said abutment member has rounded recesses within which the said ends are received so as to be able to pivot as aforesaid.
  • the fastener In use, the fastener will be inserted in a passage in the inner part prior to it being received in the outer part as defined above.
  • the fastening members When the fastening members are in the inner position, the inner part can be received in the outer part and when the fastening members are adjacent openings in the outer part, they will be biassed outwardly into the outer position so that one engages the sides of the openings and the other will act against the abutment member thereby to secure the inner part into the outer part.
  • the said fastening members preferably are provided with weaknesses so that when struck with a blow substantially at right angles thereto the members will tend to break so as to facilitate the removal of the fastener from the tooth and adapter.
  • Holding means are preferably provided to hold the fastener in the passage.
  • Such holding means preferably comprises a projection formed on the passage and a recess in the elastomeric element into which the projection is received to prevent movement of the fastener transversely to the passage.
  • the abutment member is slidably located against one side of the passage and the said members butt in such a way as to be able to pivot relative to each other.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 there is shown a solid shanked tooth 10, an adapter in the form of a tooth socket 12 for receiving the tooth 10 as will be described, and a fastener 14 for retaining the tooth 10 in the adapter.
  • the adapter socket 12 comprises a "U"-shaped member, the arms 16 of which are welded to the bottom plate of a bucket (not shown).
  • the tooth 10 has a spade-shaped working end 20 terminating in an inner or rear wall 20a from which extends a root section or shank 22 which is received in the socket 12.
  • the root section or shank 22 has a transverse passage 24 therethrough.
  • the passage 24 is defined by a recess having a base 26 and transversely extending plane side walls 28a and 28b.
  • the passage is of increased width at its upper ends to form aligned platforms 30.
  • a steel plate 34 rests on these platforms 30 to form a cover for the passage 24.
  • the adapter socket 12 has a pair of aligned side apertures 36 formed by "U"-shaped cut-outs in the arms 16 and by the said bottom plate 18.
  • the side apertures 36 have longitudinally spaced end walls 38 and 40.
  • the inner corner 39 of each wall 38 is rounded for the purpose which will become apparent.
  • the fastener 14 comprises a pair of aluminium fastening members 42, an elastomeric, rubber or neoprene, trapezoidal block 44, and an abutment plate 46.
  • the elastomeric block 44 is in the shape of the frustum of an isosocles triangle. It serves as a biassing means for the members 42 as will be described.
  • the abutment plate 46 runs along the length of and slidably abuts against the side wall 28a of the passage 24 remote from the working end 20 of the tooth 10.
  • the fastening members 42 run generally in the direction of the shank 22.
  • the ends 48 of the fastening members 42 adjacent to the abutment plate 46 are rounded and are received within semi-circular recesses 50 in the abutment plate 46.
  • the outer sides of the fastening members 42 are constituted by projections 52 which are generally triangular in shape. Each projection has a forward end wall 54, which is slightly rounded and which is inclined as will be described for the purposes that shall emerge, and a straight rear side wall 55. There is a neck or line of weakness 56 between the rounded ends 48 and the thicker portions of the projections 52.
  • the inner surfaces 58 of the fastening members 42 are flat over most of their length and butt against the sides of the elastomeric block 44 which are vulcanized to these surfaces. At the junction 59 between the ends 48 and the projections 52 and the ends 48 and the surface 58 only a very small radius or none at all, exists.
  • a low, narrow, longitudinally extending ridge 60 is centrally located standing up from the base 26 of the passage 24.
  • a longitudinal groove 62 is provided in the block 44 and this receives the ridge 60. The engagement of the ridge 60 in the groove 62 prevents the fastener 14 from moving transversely in the passage 24.
  • the elastomeric block 44 serves as a biassing means tending to bias the fastening members 42 to pivot relative to one another about their rounded ends 48 each from an inner position, when the block is compressed, to an outer position when the block 44 is in its rest position.
  • each fastening member 42 When the fastening members 42 are in their inner positions, they lie substantially wholly within the passage 24. When the fastening members 42 are in their outer positions, the projections 52 project beyond the passage 24 to lie between the end walls 38 and 40 of the side apertures 36. The forward ends of each fastening members 42 at the junction of the forward end wall 54 and the surface 58 however are wholly contained within the passage 24.
  • each projection 52 engages the inner corner 39 of the wall 38 of the aperture closer to the working end 20 of the tooth.
  • the tooth 10 can easily be fitted into the socket 12 by feeding the root section 22 into the mouth 64 of the socket 12 until the rear side walls 55 of the projections 52 engage the mouth. Further inward pressure will cause the walls 55 to swing the fastening members 42 inwards compressing the block 44 so that the fastening members 42 move into their inner positions enabling the shank 22 to move into the socket 12.
  • the projection 52 will be opposite the apertures 36.
  • the block 44 will now bias the fastening members 42 outwardly into their outer positions so that the projections 52 enter the apertures 36 and the front walls 54 engage the rounded inner edges 39 of the end walls 38.
  • the shank 22 will now be firmly held in place in the socket 12, rearward movement being inhibited by the engagement of the rear wall 20a of the working end 20 with the socket 12 and forward movement being inhibited by the engagement of the walls 54 of the fastening members 42 with the walls 38.
  • any resultant force tending to remove the shank 22 from the socket 12 will run directly along the length of each fastening member 42 through the centre of the portion 48 (or slightly inside it) on to the abutment plate 46.
  • Very substantial compressive forces, which are in excess of any forces that would normally be encountered in practice, can thus be absorbed by the fastening members 42 so that the possibility of the tooth 10 being pulled out of the socket 12 is virtually non-existent.
  • each of the front walls 54 and the rounded shape of the corner 39 of the end wall 38 are such that forces emanating from the end wall 38 will not tend to pivot the fastening members 42 either inwardly or outwardly but will only be conveyed directly down the length of the fastening members as mentioned above.
  • the fastener 14 When the working end 20 of the tooth 10 has worn down, the tooth 10 must be taken out of the socket 12. To do this, the fastener 14 must be removed which is effected by a sharp hammer blow being struck against the abutment plate 46 transversely to the root section 22. This will tend to move the abutment plate 46 relative to the fastening members 42 and in turn to cause these to fracture along the lines of weakness 56. This is ensured because of the narrow neck and the sharp junctures 59 which latter form stress points. Also the elastomeric block 44 will tend to tear along a continuation of the groove 62. When this happens, the parts of the fastener 14 can simply be pushed out of the passage 24. The shank 22 of the tooth 10 can now be removed from the socket 12, possibly with the assistance of a hammer blow on the inner end 68 of the shank 22. A new tooth is now attached in the manner described above.
  • a hollow tooth 90 has a hollow rear end 92 in which is received an adapter 94 in the form of a point.
  • a transverse passage 96 is provided through the adapter and in this is received a fastener 98.
  • the fastener 98 is a separate loose item, but is otherwise substantially identical to the fastener 14 and includes fastening members 100, having outer projections 102, and an elastomeric block 104 therebetween to which the members are vulcanized.
  • the rounded ends of the members 100 are received in rounded recesses in an abutment plate 106.
  • the inner end of the block 104 is also vulcanised to the abutment plate 106 thus creating a complete unit which holds together during normal handling.
  • the tooth 90 has ears 110 which lie on either side of the adapter 94.
  • Each ear 110 has an aperture 112 which, when the tooth 90 is homed on to the adapter 94, is aligned with the passage 96.
  • the tooth has internal grooves (not shown) extending from the ears 110 to the apertures 112, to receive the projections 102 as will be described.
  • the fastener 98 is first placed in the passage 96 and roughly centralised therein.
  • the tooth 90 is now fitted on to the adapter 94 until the said grooves engage the projections 102. Further pressure will compress the block 104 moving the fastening members 102 into their inner positions until the tooth 90 is homed on the adapter 94. Now the projections spring out under the bias of the elastomeric block 104 to engage the apertures 112 and to hold the tooth 90 on the adapter 94. Removal of the fastener 98 is as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
  • the invention can be used with advantage on all sizes of teeth from those having a mass of 2 kg to 70 kg or even more.
  • fasteners will be positively held in the passage of the shanked solid teeth so that they cannot be removed therefrom inadvertently.
  • fastener can be readily removed as described above when the working end is worn down.
  • a ridge may engage in a central slot in the block to hold the fastener in position.
  • the fastening members may comprise other material having high compressive strength, but low strength in shear.
  • the invention may also be used with drag line shovels and other ground engaging tools.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Eine Befestigungsvorrichtung (14, 98) für einen Zahn (10, 90) für Erdbewegungsmaschinen wie Planierraupen, Erdhobel oder Grabenbagger, umfassend ein Paar Befestigungselemente (42, 100), die von einer Innenposition zu einer Außenposition relativ zueinander schwenkbar montiert sind, und Druckmittel (44, 104) zum Auseinanderdrücken der Elemente von Innenpositionen zu Außenpositionen, gekennzeichnet durch ein Auflagerelement (46, 106), gegen das die genannten Befestigungselemente (42, 100) auf eine solche Weise stoßen, daß sie relativ dazu schwenken können.
2. Befestigungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Druckmittel einen elastomeren Block (44,104) aufweist, der auf die Befestigungselemente (42, 102) vulkanisiert ist.
3. Befestigungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Elemente mit gerundeten Enden (48) versehen sind, und dadurch, daß das genannte Auflagerelemente (46) gerundete Ausnehmungen (50) aufweist, innerhalb derer die genannten gerundeten Enden so aufgenommen werden, daß sie wie oben erwähnt schwenken können.
4. Befestigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Elemente (42) mit Schwachstellen versehen sind, so daß die Elemente bei einem Aufschlag im rechten Winkel dazu brechen, um das Entfernen der Befestigungsvorrichtung (14) von dem Zahn und dem Adapter zu erleichtern.
5. Ein massiver Schaftzahn (10) mit einem Wurzelabschnitt (22), der bei Gebrauch in einen Adapter (12) in der Form eines an einem Becher (18) verankerten Zahnsockels paßt, wobei ein Querkanal (24) durch den Wurzelabschnittverläuft und innerhalb des Kanals eine Befestigungsvorrichtung (14) zum Festhalten des Zahns in dem Adapter vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannte Befestigungsvorrichtung (14) eine Befestigungsvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche ist, und dadurch, daß die Befestigungselemente (42) auf solche Weise angeordnetsind, daß sie, wenn sich die genannten Elemente (42) an ihren Innenpositionen befinden, vollständig oder im wesentlichen vollständig innerhalb des Kanals (24) stecken.
6. Schaftzahn nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Auflagerelement (46) verschiebbar gegen eine Seite (28a) des Kanals (24) ausgerichtet ist.
7. Zahn nach Anspruch 5 oder Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Haltemittel (60) zum halten der Befestigungsvorrichtung innerhalb des Kanals vorgesehen ist.
8. Zahn nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Haltemittel einen Vorsprung (60) von dem Kanal (24) und eine Ausnehmung (62) in dem elastomeren Block (44) aufweist, die den Vorsprung aufnimmt, um eine Bewegung der Befestigungsvorrichtung (14) in dem Kanal zu verhindern.
9. Die Kombination aus einem Adapter (12) und einem massiven Schaftzahn (10), wobei der Adapter als ein im wesentlichen "U"-förmiger, an einem Becher (18) verankerter Zahnsitz ausgebildet ist und übereinstimmende Öffnungen (36) in seinen Armen (16) neben dem Becher aufweist, und wobei der massive Schaftzahn (10) einen Wurzelabschnitt (22) mit einem durch ihn verlaufenden Querkanal (24) aufweist, wobei der Wurzelabschnitt bei Gebrauch so in den Adapter (12) paßt, daß der Kanal (24) mit den genannten Öffnungen (36) übereinstimmt, und durch eine Befestigungsvorrichtung (14) in diesem festgehalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zahn ein Zahn gemäß einem der Ansprüche 5,6,7 7 oder 8 ist, und dadurch, daß die genannten Befestigungselemente (42), wenn sie sich in ihren Außenpositionen befinden, in die Öffnungen (36) hineinragen und gegen die Enden (38) der Öffnungen stoßen.
EP86104482A 1985-04-03 1986-04-02 Zähne zur Verwendung an einem Erdbewegungsgerät Expired - Lifetime EP0203315B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86104482T ATE60387T1 (de) 1985-04-03 1986-04-02 Zaehne zur verwendung an einem erdbewegungsgeraet.

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA852501 1985-04-03
ZA852501 1985-04-03
ZA856769 1985-09-04
ZA856769 1985-09-04
ZA860585 1986-01-27
ZA86585A ZA86585B (en) 1985-04-03 1986-01-27 Teeth for use with earth moving equipment

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0203315A2 EP0203315A2 (de) 1986-12-03
EP0203315A3 EP0203315A3 (en) 1987-05-13
EP0203315B1 true EP0203315B1 (de) 1991-01-23

Family

ID=27420929

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86104482A Expired - Lifetime EP0203315B1 (de) 1985-04-03 1986-04-02 Zähne zur Verwendung an einem Erdbewegungsgerät

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0203315B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3677056D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8702556A1 (de)
IL (1) IL78413A0 (de)
NZ (1) NZ215680A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101647628B1 (ko) 2012-03-21 2016-08-11 헨슬리 인더스트리즈, 인코퍼레이티드. 버켓 립을 위한 어댑터 안정화 구조물
WO2023115103A1 (en) * 2021-12-22 2023-06-29 Talon Engineering SDN. BHD. Latching assembly for ground engaging tools

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6393738B1 (en) 1998-06-15 2002-05-28 Robert S. Bierwith Excavating bucket with replaceable wedge-locked teeth
US6216368B1 (en) 1998-06-15 2001-04-17 Robert S. Bierwith Excavating bucket with replaceable wedge-locked teeth
AU2007284549C1 (en) 2006-08-16 2013-10-10 Caterpillar Inc. Ground engaging tool system
AP3572A (en) 2010-12-07 2016-02-03 Talon Engineering Sdn Bhd Connection assembly
US9057176B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2015-06-16 Caterpillar Inc. Retention system for a ground-engaging tool
DE102018203913A1 (de) * 2018-03-14 2019-09-19 Thyssenkrupp Ag Aufnahmeanordnung eines Baggerzahnes mit einer Aufnahme zur Anordnung an der Schaufel eines Schaufelradbaggers

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2635366A (en) * 1947-01-24 1953-04-21 Morgan D Hostetter Digger tooth construction
US2852874A (en) * 1954-06-15 1958-09-23 Electric Steel Foundry Co Digger point and locking mechanism therefor
US3106256A (en) * 1962-01-08 1963-10-08 Richard A Mcbride Excavating tooth structure
US3325926A (en) * 1964-03-09 1967-06-20 Mid Continent Steel Casting Co Digger tooth and assembly for an excavating apparatus
US3312004A (en) * 1964-06-01 1967-04-04 Thys Company Ripper tooth assembly
DE1652484B1 (de) * 1967-05-08 1972-01-20 Deloro Ugine Carbone Befestigungsvorrichtung fuer eine auf einen Werkzeugschaft,insbesondere einen Schraemmeisselschaft fuer Kohlengewinnungsmaschinen aufsetzbare Schneidkappe
US3879867A (en) * 1968-12-04 1975-04-29 Bofors Ab Fastening means for retaining a digger tooth in a socket
DE2930804A1 (de) * 1979-07-28 1981-02-12 Karl Schwarzkopf Verriegelung fuer auswechselbare zahnspitzen von baggerzaehnen
US4433496A (en) * 1983-03-14 1984-02-28 Esco Corporation Locking device for excavating equipment

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101647628B1 (ko) 2012-03-21 2016-08-11 헨슬리 인더스트리즈, 인코퍼레이티드. 버켓 립을 위한 어댑터 안정화 구조물
WO2023115103A1 (en) * 2021-12-22 2023-06-29 Talon Engineering SDN. BHD. Latching assembly for ground engaging tools

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0203315A3 (en) 1987-05-13
EP0203315A2 (de) 1986-12-03
IL78413A0 (en) 1986-08-31
NZ215680A (en) 1988-07-28
DE3677056D1 (de) 1991-02-28
ES8702556A1 (es) 1987-01-01
ES554083A0 (es) 1987-01-01

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