EP0199929B1 - Solid bowl decanter centrifuge - Google Patents

Solid bowl decanter centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0199929B1
EP0199929B1 EP19860102804 EP86102804A EP0199929B1 EP 0199929 B1 EP0199929 B1 EP 0199929B1 EP 19860102804 EP19860102804 EP 19860102804 EP 86102804 A EP86102804 A EP 86102804A EP 0199929 B1 EP0199929 B1 EP 0199929B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifuge
horizontal
angle
bearings
rotation
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19860102804
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0199929A2 (en
EP0199929A3 (en
Inventor
Ernst A. Dr.-Ing. Jäger
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Flottweg GmbH
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Flottweg GmbH
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Publication of EP0199929A2 publication Critical patent/EP0199929A2/en
Publication of EP0199929A3 publication Critical patent/EP0199929A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
    • B04B15/06—Other accessories for centrifuges for cleaning bowls, filters, sieves, inserts, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/12—Suspending rotary bowls ; Bearings; Packings for bearings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solid bowl screw centrifuge with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Centrifuges or decanters with a vertical axis of rotation have already been set up and operated.
  • the bearing conditions can be designed here - for example axial bearings and radial bearings at the top and only radial bearings at the bottom - in such a way that no irregular movements, at least no comparable disturbing movements as described above in connection with the horizontal bearing, can occur.
  • the disadvantage of this setup with a vertical axis of rotation is, however, a corresponding amount of frame work and a large overall height, as well as poor accessibility. This arrangement has not been implemented.
  • centrifuges with a horizontal axis of rotation i.e. simple construction and good accessibility
  • the inclined position of the axis of rotation can be achieved in a simple manner, for example by correspondingly inclined arrangement of the known machine bed, for example in that one different. the high support or buffer used to support the bed.
  • the machine bed can be approximately wedge-shaped overall, bearing blocks of the same height being used.
  • the inclined position adjustable between the axis of rotation and the horizontal for example by making the machine bed displaceable and fixable in different inclined positions.
  • the most favorable inclined position can be set, which can be dependent on a number of operating parameters, which also include the material to be separated.
  • This adjustability can be provided from a horizontal position of the axis of rotation in the direction of an increasing angle between it and the horizontal, it can also be limited to a range within this angle.
  • the inclined position between the axis of rotation and the horizontal provides an additional advantage for centrifuges which require a residual emptying, in particular in the course of a cleaning supply, as is necessary when processing toxic goods at certain intervals.
  • inclined positions in very low angular ranges between the axis of rotation and the horizontal are sufficient; in the case of conical jacket conical or in a conveying path area before the discharge of solids, the inclined position or the angle between the axis of rotation and the horizontal is selected such that the inclined position is set by a few angular degrees over the angle between the axis of rotation and the inner wall in this conical area, the axial end of the rotor having the solid discharge pointing naturally in the direction of the tip of the angle between the axis of rotation and the horizontal, ie the solid discharge is located closer to the horizontal than the opposite end of the jacket.
  • the above-described adjustability of the inclined position can also be provided. You can operate the machine in normal operation with a small inclined position, even with a horizontal axis of rotation, and only adjust it to a correspondingly larger inclined position for residual emptying. For cleaning purposes, it can be particularly advantageous to place the axis of rotation horizontally in order to achieve a particularly good flushing of the separation space; the subsequent inclination then enables the cleaning liquid to run out, in particular also the rest, through the solids discharge.
  • the centrifuge designated as a whole by 1, comprises a closed jacket 2 of partially conical design, in the interior of which a screw 3 adapted to the course of the jacket is inserted in a known manner, which is rotatably mounted on the jacket in a manner not shown and relative to the jacket with differential speed circulates.
  • This centrifuge corresponds to the usual design, as is known for centrifuges with a horizontal axis of rotation.
  • the centrifuge rests on a machine bed 4, which in turn is supported in a stationary manner on the foundation 5 of the installation site via buffers 6.
  • the buffers can be designed in a known manner as rubber buffers or using springs.
  • the machine bed 4 is shown here as a wedge-shaped structure which, seen from the right, lowers at a certain angle with respect to its plane facing the jacket 2 and runs out to the left. It can be easily imagined that the machine bed is designed as in a known machine with a horizontal axis of rotation and is only inclined by supports of different heights. In this case, at least one of these supports, namely the one that grips under the end of the machine bed 4 that is to be lifted up from the horizontal, can be designed to be height-adjustable.
  • the machine bed 4 comprises two bearing blocks 7, which support a housing 8 enclosing the jacket upwards.
  • roller bearings 9 are inserted which support the casing 2 in a rotatably mounted manner on the machine bed 4.
  • This roller bearing can be designed in the area of the fixed bearing as a grooved bearing, shoulder bearing or self-aligning bearing, but other bearings are also possible which, depending on the inclined position, can absorb a more or less large one-sided axial load.
  • the axis of rotation 10 of the casing 2 and the worm 3 runs in an inclined position at an angle a to the horizontal 11, which is shown here as a straight line connecting the upper ends of the buffers 6.
  • the inner wall 12 of the jacket 2 runs conically over a partial region of its longitudinal extent towards the axis of rotation 10, namely in the direction of the apex of the angle ⁇ .
  • the conical region of the jacket is therefore closer to the horizontal 11 overall than its cylindrical part in the other axial end region.
  • the conical region 13 of the inner wall 12 opens into a solids discharge 14, for example formed by two openings in this region of the jacket wall.
  • the lower, bottom region of the conical inner surface 13 facing the horizontal 11 is inclined at a slight angle to the horizontal in such a way that liquid in the space enclosed by the jacket 2 flows out of the solids discharge under gravity.
  • This can be used to completely empty the separation area.
  • a liquid pond is formed in the form of a hollow cylinder, which the inner wall 12 of the casing 2 grows starting from the axis of rotation 10 up to an operationally determined height. Only the solid conveyed by the screw passes into the discharge 14. If you reduce the speed or bring the centrifuge to a standstill, the residual liquid runs out. If you do not want this, for whatever reason, you can convert the centrifuge to an inclined position of smaller angle ⁇ by adjusting the height.
  • the residual emptying described here is particularly important for cleaning purposes.
  • Figure 2 symbolizes the inclined position of the axis of rotation 10 with respect to the horizontal 11 including the angle ⁇ .
  • the inclination of the cone facing the horizontal 11 and resulting from the cross section according to FIG. 1 is represented by 13 in FIG. 2.
  • the cone angle between the inner wall in the area 13 and the axis of rotation 10 is described by the angle ⁇ .
  • a more or less small discharge angle ⁇ is required, which describes the inclined position between the horizontal 11 and the region 13 facing it and which ensures that residual liquid automatically flows out of the solid matter discharge 14 when it is at a standstill. From Fig. 2 it follows that the angle ⁇ between the axis of rotation 10 and the horizontal 11 must be greater than the cone angle ⁇ by the run angle y.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a solid bowl screw centrifuge with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Es ist heute allgemein üblich, derartige Zentrifugen mit horizontal verlaufender Rotationsachse aufzustellen und zu betreiben. Dadurch erhält man eine geringe Bauhöhe, das Maschinenbett bzw. Haltegestell befindet sich in Bodennähe, die Zentrifuge ist gut zugänglich. Für die Lagerung der Rotoren werden Ringrillen- und Rollenlager verwendet, die nicht besonders für die Aufnahme axialer Last ausgebildet sind. Eine solche axiale Belastung ist bei Anordnung der Rotationsachse in der Horizontalen auch nicht systemimmanent, es treten jedoch irreguläre Bewegungsstörungen in axialer Richtung auf, die wegen ihrer Unregelmäßigkeit nicht bestimmbar sind. Die hier infrage stehenden Lager, insbesondere diejenigen zwischen der Trommel und den maschinenbettfesten Lagerböcken, sind außerordentlich hoch belastet, weil sie durch Umgreifen des Zulaufrohres etc. verhältnismäßig große Durchmesser aufweisen und dadurch sehr schnell umlaufen müssen. Neben den in erster Linie von Antrieb und Unwucht herrührenden radialen Belastungen müssen diese Wälzlager, soweit sie beispielsweise als Ringrillenlager Festlager bilden, demnach solche ungleichmäßigen Bewegungen des Rotors in Form von Axialbelastungen aufnehmen, was sich insgesamt in einer erheblichen Beanspruchung dieser Lager und damit entsprechender Verringerung der Lebensdauer auswirkt. Der Rotor « tanzt in irregulären Bewegungen zwischen den Schultern des Ringrillenlagers hin und her. Um diese in beiden axialen Richtungen auftretenden Zufallsbelastungen aufzunehmen, wären axial doppelt wirkende Lagerungen notwendig, die jedoch erhebliche Kosten verursachen würden.It is common today to set up and operate such centrifuges with a horizontal axis of rotation. This results in a low overall height, the machine bed or holding frame is close to the floor, and the centrifuge is easily accessible. For the bearing of the rotors, annular groove and roller bearings are used, which are not specially designed to absorb axial loads. Such an axial load is also not inherent to the system when the axis of rotation is arranged horizontally, but irregular movement disorders occur in the axial direction, which cannot be determined because of their irregularity. The bearings in question here, in particular those between the drum and the bearing blocks that are fixed on the machine bed, are extremely heavily loaded because they have relatively large diameters due to the gripping of the inlet pipe etc. and therefore have to rotate very quickly. In addition to the radial loads primarily resulting from the drive and imbalance, these rolling bearings, insofar as they form fixed bearings, for example, as annular groove bearings, must therefore accommodate such uneven movements of the rotor in the form of axial loads, which results in a considerable load on these bearings and thus a corresponding reduction in the Lifetime affects. The rotor dances back and forth in irregular movements between the shoulders of the ring groove bearing. In order to absorb these random loads occurring in both axial directions, axially double-acting bearings would be necessary, which would, however, entail considerable costs.

Man hat bereits infrage stehende Zentrifugen bzw. Dekanter mit vertikal verlaufender Rotationsachse aufgestellt und betrieben. Hier lassen sich die Lagerverhältnisse so ausbilden - beispielsweise Axiallager und Radiallager oben und nur Radiallager unten -, daß keine irregulären Bewegungen, jedenfalls keine vergleichbaren Störbewegungen wie vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit der horizontalen Lagerung geschildert, auftreten können. Der Nachteil dieser Aufstellung mit vertikaler Rotationsachse ist jedoch ein entsprechender Gestellaufwand und eine große Bauhöhe sowie darüber hinaus schlechte Zugänglichkeit. Diese Anordnung hat sich auch nicht durchgesetzt.Centrifuges or decanters with a vertical axis of rotation have already been set up and operated. The bearing conditions can be designed here - for example axial bearings and radial bearings at the top and only radial bearings at the bottom - in such a way that no irregular movements, at least no comparable disturbing movements as described above in connection with the horizontal bearing, can occur. The disadvantage of this setup with a vertical axis of rotation is, however, a corresponding amount of frame work and a large overall height, as well as poor accessibility. This arrangement has not been implemented.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, bei einer Zentrifuge der eingangs genannten Art die irregulären, in beiden Axialrichtungen auftretenden Versetzbewegungen des Rotors zumindest weitgehend auszuschalten und damit die axiale Lagerbelastung stabiler zu gestalten, ohne auf die durch horizontale Anordnung der Rotationsachse gegebenen Vorteile praktisch verzichten zu müssen.It is an object of the invention to at least largely eliminate the irregular displacement movements of the rotor occurring in both axial directions in a centrifuge of the type mentioned at the outset, and thus to make the axial bearing load more stable without practically having to forego the advantages provided by the horizontal arrangement of the axis of rotation.

Ausgehend von einer Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Anspruches 1 wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch dessen kennzeichnende Merkmale gelöst.Starting from a solid bowl screw centrifuge with the features of the preamble of claim 1, this object is achieved according to the invention by its characterizing features.

Die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Schrägstellung der Rotationsachse und damit verbunden natürlich die entsprechend unterschiedlich beabstandete und hinsichtlich der Rotationsebene leicht schräg gestellte Anordnung der Wälzlager zu beiden axialen Enden des Rotors führt zu einer auf eine der beiden Achsrichtungen beschränkten, definierten axialen Festlagerbelastung. Dabei können bereits geringe Schräglagen der Rotationsachse zur Horizontalen genügen, um die Tanzneigung der Trommel wirksam abzubauen. Dazu genügen einfache Ringrillenlager, die durch die definierte axiale Belastung weit weniger abgenutzt werden als durch die irreguläre axiale Wechselbelastung. Insbesondere bei Schräglagen unter grösserem Winkel kann man Schulterlager oder auch Pendellager verwenden, die bei einer bestimmten Axialbelastung bessere Laufeigenschaften aufweisen. Man hat es also weitgehend in der Hand, durch Auswahl unter den infrage kommenden Lagern den Winkel der Schräglage zwischen der Rotationsachse und der Horizontalen zu bestimmen.The inclination of the axis of rotation provided according to the invention and of course the associated differently spaced and slightly inclined arrangement of the rolling bearings with respect to the plane of rotation to both axial ends of the rotor leads to a defined axial fixed bearing load which is limited to one of the two axial directions. Even slight inclinations of the axis of rotation to the horizontal can suffice to effectively reduce the tendency of the drum to dance. Simple ring grooved bearings are sufficient for this, which are worn out much less by the defined axial load than by the irregular axial alternating load. In particular in the case of inclined positions at a larger angle, shoulder bearings or self-aligning bearings can be used which have better running properties under a certain axial load. It is therefore largely up to you to determine the angle of the inclined position between the axis of rotation and the horizontal by selecting from the bearings in question.

Dabei werden die Vorteile, die bei Zentrifugen mit horizontaler Rotationsachse gegeben sind, also einfache Bauweise und gute Zugänglichkeit, praktisch beibehalten. Die Schräglage der Rotationsachse kann beispielsweise durch entsprechend schräge Anordnung des bekannten Maschinenbettes auf einfache Weise erreicht werden, beispielsweise dadurch, daß man verschie- . den hohe Auflager bzw. Puffer für die Abstützung des Bettes verwendet. Man kann natürlich auch die von dem eigentlichen Maschinenbett aufstrebenden Lagerböcke verschieden hoch ausgestalten. Schließlich läßt sich das Maschinenbett insgesamt etwa keilförmig ausbilden, wobei gleich hohe Lagerböcke Verwendung finden können.The advantages of centrifuges with a horizontal axis of rotation, i.e. simple construction and good accessibility, are practically retained. The inclined position of the axis of rotation can be achieved in a simple manner, for example by correspondingly inclined arrangement of the known machine bed, for example in that one different. the high support or buffer used to support the bed. Of course, one can also design the pillow blocks emerging from the actual machine bed at different heights. Finally, the machine bed can be approximately wedge-shaped overall, bearing blocks of the same height being used.

Weiterhin kann es sehr vorteilhaft sein, die Schräglage zwischen der Rotationsachse und der Horizontalen einstellbar zu gestalten, beispielsweise indem man das Maschinenbett in unterschiedliche Schräglagen versetzbar und festlegbar ausgestaltet. Dabei kann man durch Abtasten der Axialkräfte die jeweils günstigste Schräglage einstellen, die von einer Reihe von Betriebsparametem, die auch das jeweils zu trennende Gut umfassen, abhängig sein kann. Diese Einstellbarkeit kann von einer horizontalen Lage der Rotationsachse in Richtung eines steigenden Winkels zwischen dieser und der Horizontalen vorgesehen sein, sie kann sich auch auf einen Bereich innerhalb dieses Winkels beschränken.Furthermore, it can be very advantageous to make the inclined position adjustable between the axis of rotation and the horizontal, for example by making the machine bed displaceable and fixable in different inclined positions. By scanning the axial forces, the most favorable inclined position can be set, which can be dependent on a number of operating parameters, which also include the material to be separated. This adjustability can be provided from a horizontal position of the axis of rotation in the direction of an increasing angle between it and the horizontal, it can also be limited to a range within this angle.

Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Schräglage zwischen der Rotationsachse und der Horizontalen wird ein zusätzlicher Vorteil für solche Zentrifugen erreicht, die einer Restentleerung bedürfen, insbesondere im Zuge einer Reinigung, wie dies bei der Verarbeitung von toxischen Gütern in bestimmten Zeitabständen erforderlich ist. Bei einer durchgehend rohrförmigen Mantelausbildung genügen dabei bereits Schrägstellungen in sehr niedrigen Winkelbereichen zwischen der Rotationsachse und der Horizontalen, bei - konischer bzw. in einem Förderstreckenbereich vor dem Feststoffaustrag konischer Mantelausbildung wird die Schräglage bzw. der Winkel zwischen der Rotationsachse und der Horizontalen derart gewählt, daß die Schräglage um einige Winkelgrade über den Winkel zwischen der Rotationsachse und der Innenwandung in diesem konischen Bereich eingestellt wird, wobei natürlich das den Feststoffaustrag aufweisende axiale Ende des Rotors in Richtung der Spitze des Winkels zwischen der Rotationsachse und der Horizontalen weist, d. h. der Feststoffaustrag befindet sich näher an der Horizontalen als das gegenüberliegende Ende des Mantels. Zur Erreichung des besonderen Vorteiles einer selbsttätigen Restentleerung kann insbesondere auch die vorgeschilderte Einstellbarkeit der Schräglage vorgesehen werden. Man kann die Maschine im Normalbetrieb unter kleiner Schräg lage, selbst mit horizontal verlaufender Rotationsachse betreiben, und sie nur für die Restentleerung in eine entsprechend größere Schräglage verstellen. Zum Zwecke der Reinigung kann es nämlich von besonderem Vorteil sein, die Rotationsachse in die Horizontale zu legen, um eine besonders gute Durchspülung des Trennraumes zu erreichen ; das anschließende Schrägstellen ermöglicht dann das Auslaufen, insbesondere auch des Restes, der Reinigungsflüssigkeit durch den Feststoffaustrag.The inclined position between the axis of rotation and the horizontal provided according to the invention provides an additional advantage for centrifuges which require a residual emptying, in particular in the course of a cleaning supply, as is necessary when processing toxic goods at certain intervals. In the case of a continuous tubular jacket formation, inclined positions in very low angular ranges between the axis of rotation and the horizontal are sufficient; in the case of conical jacket conical or in a conveying path area before the discharge of solids, the inclined position or the angle between the axis of rotation and the horizontal is selected such that the inclined position is set by a few angular degrees over the angle between the axis of rotation and the inner wall in this conical area, the axial end of the rotor having the solid discharge pointing naturally in the direction of the tip of the angle between the axis of rotation and the horizontal, ie the solid discharge is located closer to the horizontal than the opposite end of the jacket. In order to achieve the particular advantage of automatic residual emptying, the above-described adjustability of the inclined position can also be provided. You can operate the machine in normal operation with a small inclined position, even with a horizontal axis of rotation, and only adjust it to a correspondingly larger inclined position for residual emptying. For cleaning purposes, it can be particularly advantageous to place the axis of rotation horizontally in order to achieve a particularly good flushing of the separation space; the subsequent inclination then enables the cleaning liquid to run out, in particular also the rest, through the solids discharge.

Bevorzugte Ausführungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und unter Bezugnahme auf das in der Zeichnung wiedergegebene Ausführungsbeispiel, dessen nachfolgende Beschreibung die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 eine stark schematisierte Teilquerschnittdarstellung des Ausführungsbeispieles ;
  • Figur 2 eine Schemadarstellung der Achsenverläufe bei einer teilkonischen Mantelausbildung nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel.
Preferred embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims and with reference to the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing, the following description of which explains the invention in more detail. Show it :
  • Figure 1 is a highly schematic partial cross-sectional view of the embodiment;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the axis profiles in a partially conical jacket design according to the embodiment.

Die insgesamt mit 1 bezeichnete Zentrifuge umfaßt einen geschlossenen Mantel 2 teilkonischer Ausbildung, in dessen Innenraum in bekannter Weise eine an den Verlauf des Mantels angepaßte Schnecke 3 eingesetzt ist, die in nicht dargestellter Weise an dem Mantel drehbar gelagert ist und relativ zu dem Mantel mit Differenzdrehzahl umläuft. Diese Zentrifuge entspricht der üblichen Bauart, wie sie bei Zentrifugen mit horizontal verlaufender Rotationsachse bekannt ist.The centrifuge, designated as a whole by 1, comprises a closed jacket 2 of partially conical design, in the interior of which a screw 3 adapted to the course of the jacket is inserted in a known manner, which is rotatably mounted on the jacket in a manner not shown and relative to the jacket with differential speed circulates. This centrifuge corresponds to the usual design, as is known for centrifuges with a horizontal axis of rotation.

Die Zentrifuge ruht auf einem Maschinenbett 4, das seinerseits an dem Fundament 5 des Aufstellungsortes über Puffer 6 ortsfest abgestützt ist. Die Puffer können in bekannter Weise als Gummipuffer oder unter Verwendung von Federn ausgebildet sein. Das Maschinenbett 4 ist hier als keilförmiges Gebilde wiedergegeben, das sich von rechts her gesehen hinsichtlich seiner dem Mantel 2 zugewandten Ebene unter einem bestimmten Winkel absenkt und nach links hin eben ausläuft. Man kann sich ohne weiteres vorstellen, daß das Maschinenbett wie bei einer bekannten Maschine mit horizontaler Rotationsachse ausgebildet ist und lediglich durch unterschiedlich hohe Stützen schräggestellt wird. Dabei kann zumindest eine dieser Stützen, nämlich diejenige, die das aus der Horizontalen nach oben hin abzuhebende Ende des Maschinenbettes 4 untergreift, höhenverstellbar ausgebildet sein.The centrifuge rests on a machine bed 4, which in turn is supported in a stationary manner on the foundation 5 of the installation site via buffers 6. The buffers can be designed in a known manner as rubber buffers or using springs. The machine bed 4 is shown here as a wedge-shaped structure which, seen from the right, lowers at a certain angle with respect to its plane facing the jacket 2 and runs out to the left. It can be easily imagined that the machine bed is designed as in a known machine with a horizontal axis of rotation and is only inclined by supports of different heights. In this case, at least one of these supports, namely the one that grips under the end of the machine bed 4 that is to be lifted up from the horizontal, can be designed to be height-adjustable.

Das Maschinenbett 4 umfaßt zwei Lagerböcke 7, die nach oben hin ein den Mantel umfassendes Gehäuse 8 tragen. In die zu beiden Enden des Mantels angeordneten Lagerböcke 7 sind Wälzlager 9 eingesetzt, die den Mantel 2 drehbar gelagert an dem Maschinenbett 4 abstützen. Diese Wälzlagerung kann im Bereich der Festlager als Rillenlager, Schulterlager oder Pendellager ausgebildet sein, es kommen jedoch auch andere Lager infrage, die eine je nach Schräglage mehr oder weniger große einseitige axiale Belastung aufnehmen können.The machine bed 4 comprises two bearing blocks 7, which support a housing 8 enclosing the jacket upwards. In the bearing blocks 7 arranged at both ends of the casing, roller bearings 9 are inserted which support the casing 2 in a rotatably mounted manner on the machine bed 4. This roller bearing can be designed in the area of the fixed bearing as a grooved bearing, shoulder bearing or self-aligning bearing, but other bearings are also possible which, depending on the inclined position, can absorb a more or less large one-sided axial load.

Aufgrund der schrägen Anordnung -des Maschinenbettes 4 und somit auch der Wälzlagerstellen verläuft die Rotationsachse 10 des Mantels 2 und der Schnecke 3 in Schräglage unter einem Winkel a zu der Horizontalen 11, die hier als Verbindungsgerade zwischen den oberen Enden der Puffer 6 wiedergegeben ist.Due to the oblique arrangement of the machine bed 4 and thus also the roller bearing points, the axis of rotation 10 of the casing 2 and the worm 3 runs in an inclined position at an angle a to the horizontal 11, which is shown here as a straight line connecting the upper ends of the buffers 6.

Die Innenwandung 12 des Mantels 2 verläuft über einen Teilbereich ihrer Längserstreckung konisch auf die Rotationsachse 10 zu, und zwar in Richtung der Spitze des Winkels α. Der konische Bereich des Mantels ist also insgesamt der Horizontalen 11 näher gelegen als dessen zylindrischer Teil im anderen axialen Endbereich. Der konische Bereich 13 der Innenwand 12 mündet in einem Feststoffaustrag 14, beispielsweise durch zwei Öffnungen in diesem Bereich der Mantelwandung gebildet. Diese Ausbildung sowie die Abführung des Feststoffes aus der Zentrifuge heraus, die Gestaltung des Flüssigkeitsablaufes und dergleichen mehr sind in verschiedenerlei Variationen bekannt.The inner wall 12 of the jacket 2 runs conically over a partial region of its longitudinal extent towards the axis of rotation 10, namely in the direction of the apex of the angle α. The conical region of the jacket is therefore closer to the horizontal 11 overall than its cylindrical part in the other axial end region. The conical region 13 of the inner wall 12 opens into a solids discharge 14, for example formed by two openings in this region of the jacket wall. This design and the removal of the solid from the centrifuge, the design of the liquid drain and the like are known in various variations.

Aufgrund der Schräglage des Rotors bzw. des Mantels 2 und der Schnecke 3 wird schwerkraftbedingt eine bestimmte axiale Belastung der Wälzlagerung 9 in axialer Richtung auf die Spitze des Wìnkels α zu hervorgerufen ; eine Neigung zum Tanzen derart, daß der Mantel 2 die Wälzlagerung 9 auch in der entgegengesetzten axialen Richtung belastet, wird dadurch vermieden.Due to the inclined position of the rotor or the casing 2 and the screw 3, a certain axial load on the rolling bearing 9 is caused in the axial direction towards the tip of the angle α due to gravity; an tendency to dance in such a way that the jacket 2 also loads the roller bearing 9 in the opposite axial direction is avoided.

Wie die Querschnittsdarstellung der Figur 1 erkennen läßt, ist der untere, der Horizontalen 11 zugewandte Bodenbereich der konischen Innenfläche 13 unter einem geringen Winkel zur Horizontalen derart geneigt, daß in dem von dem Mantel 2 umschlossenen Raum befindliche Flüssigkeit unter Schwerkraft aus dem Feststoffaustrag ausläuft. Dies kann man sich für die Restentleerung des Trennraumes zunutze machen. Während des Betriebes bildet sich ein Flüssigkeitsteich in Form eines Hohlzylinders aus, der von der Innenwandung 12 des Mantels 2 ausgehend zur Rotationsachse 10 hin bis zu einer betriebsbestimmten -Höhe anwächst. Dabei tritt nur der von der Schnecke geförderte Feststoff in den Austrag 14 über. Verringert man die Geschwindigkeit bzw. bringt man die Zentrifuge zum Stillstand, so läuft die Restflüssigkeit aus. Will man dies, aus welchem Grunde auch immer, nicht, so kann man die Zentrifuge durch Höhenverstellbarkeit in eine Schräglage kleineren Winkels α überführen. Die hier geschilderte Restentleerung ist besonders für Reinigungszwecke von Bedeutung.As can be seen from the cross-sectional illustration in FIG. 1, the lower, bottom region of the conical inner surface 13 facing the horizontal 11 is inclined at a slight angle to the horizontal in such a way that liquid in the space enclosed by the jacket 2 flows out of the solids discharge under gravity. This can be used to completely empty the separation area. During operation, a liquid pond is formed in the form of a hollow cylinder, which the inner wall 12 of the casing 2 grows starting from the axis of rotation 10 up to an operationally determined height. Only the solid conveyed by the screw passes into the discharge 14. If you reduce the speed or bring the centrifuge to a standstill, the residual liquid runs out. If you do not want this, for whatever reason, you can convert the centrifuge to an inclined position of smaller angle α by adjusting the height. The residual emptying described here is particularly important for cleaning purposes.

Figur 2 versinnbildlicht die Schräglage der Rotationsachse 10 gegenüber der Horizontalen 11 unter Einschluß des Winkels α. Die der Horizontalen 11 zugewandte, aus dem Querschnitt gemäß Fig. 1 hervorgehende Neigung des Konus wird in Fig. 2 durch 13 wiedergegeben. Der Konuswinkel zwischen der Innenwandung im Bereich 13 und der Rotationsachse 10 wird durch den Winkel β beschrieben. Um eine Restentleerung zu erreichen, bedarf es eines mehr oder weniger geringen Ablaufwinkels γ, der die Schräglage zwischen der Horizontalen 11 und dem dieser zugewandten Bereich 13 beschreibt und der bei Stillstand ein selbsttätiges Ausfließen von Restflüssigkeit aus dem Feststoffaustrag 14 sicherstellt. Aus Fig. 2 ergibt sich, daß der Winkel α zwischen der Rotationsachse 10 und der Horizontalen 11 um den Ablaufwinkel y größer sein muß als der Konuswinkel ß.Figure 2 symbolizes the inclined position of the axis of rotation 10 with respect to the horizontal 11 including the angle α. The inclination of the cone facing the horizontal 11 and resulting from the cross section according to FIG. 1 is represented by 13 in FIG. 2. The cone angle between the inner wall in the area 13 and the axis of rotation 10 is described by the angle β. In order to achieve residual emptying, a more or less small discharge angle γ is required, which describes the inclined position between the horizontal 11 and the region 13 facing it and which ensures that residual liquid automatically flows out of the solid matter discharge 14 when it is at a standstill. From Fig. 2 it follows that the angle α between the axis of rotation 10 and the horizontal 11 must be greater than the cone angle β by the run angle y.

Claims (7)

1. Solid jacket screw centrifuge with roller bearings for the rotational mounting of the rotors which have a common rotation axis, characterised in that the rotation axis (10) is inclined to the horizontal (11) by an angle (α) of at least 2° and up to a maximum of 60°.
2. Centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the angle (a) is a few degrees (more particularly 2° or more) greater than the angle of inclination (p) between the rotation axis (10) and the inner wall (12) of the bowl (2) of the centrifuge (1) in the region (13) of the conveying path of the screw (3) in front of the solids discharge point (14), the axial end portion of the bowl (2) which contains the solids discharge point (14) being closer to the horizontal (11) than the other axial end portion thereof.
3. Centrifuge as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the machine bed (4) of the centrifuge (1) is inclined by the angle (a) of the rotation axis (10) to the horizontal (11).
4. Centrifuge as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the inclined position of the rotation axis (10) can be variably set to different angles (a).
5. Centrifuge as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the roller bearings (9) comprise radial ball bearings.
6. Centrifuge as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the roller bearings (9) comprise shoulder bearings.
7. Centrifuge as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the roller bearings (9) comprise self-aligning roller bearings.
EP19860102804 1985-05-03 1986-03-04 Solid bowl decanter centrifuge Expired EP0199929B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853515955 DE3515955C1 (en) 1985-05-03 1985-05-03 Solid bowl screw centrifuge
DE3515955 1985-05-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0199929A2 EP0199929A2 (en) 1986-11-05
EP0199929A3 EP0199929A3 (en) 1988-03-23
EP0199929B1 true EP0199929B1 (en) 1989-06-07

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ID=6269763

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860102804 Expired EP0199929B1 (en) 1985-05-03 1986-03-04 Solid bowl decanter centrifuge

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EP (1) EP0199929B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3515955C1 (en)
DK (1) DK166809B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005028825A1 (en) * 2005-06-15 2006-12-28 Fima Maschinenbau Gmbh Improved centrifuge device to prevent cross-contamination
CN106733229B (en) * 2016-11-30 2019-07-12 浙江省医学科学院 Centrifugal Chinese medicine extractor
EP3434646A1 (en) 2017-07-25 2019-01-30 Total Solar International Method for recycling sub-micron si-particles from a si wafer production process
EP3584355A1 (en) 2018-06-18 2019-12-25 Total SA Method for recycling sub-micron si-particles from a si wafer production process and silicon wafer production facility
CN111604172A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-09-01 陈斌武 Centrifugal device for solid-liquid separation

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3335873A1 (en) * 1983-07-25 1985-02-21 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Solid bowl screw centrifuge for the separation of a solid-liquid mixture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK201786A (en) 1986-11-04
DK166809B1 (en) 1993-07-19
DK201786D0 (en) 1986-05-02
EP0199929A2 (en) 1986-11-05
DE3663779D1 (en) 1989-07-13
DE3515955C1 (en) 1986-07-24
EP0199929A3 (en) 1988-03-23

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