EP0199266B1 - Mobile radio system - Google Patents

Mobile radio system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0199266B1
EP0199266B1 EP86105205A EP86105205A EP0199266B1 EP 0199266 B1 EP0199266 B1 EP 0199266B1 EP 86105205 A EP86105205 A EP 86105205A EP 86105205 A EP86105205 A EP 86105205A EP 0199266 B1 EP0199266 B1 EP 0199266B1
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Prior art keywords
radio
mobile radio
vehicle
vehicles
fuko
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0199266A1 (en
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Romuald Dipl.-Ing. Von Tomkewitsch
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
    • G08G1/133—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams within the vehicle ; Indicators inside the vehicles or at stops

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile radio system for establishing telephonic connections to and from vehicles via radio links between on-board mobile radio devices and fixed radio concentrators, the geographical area covered by the system being divided into a plurality of partially overlapping radio cells and a radio concentrator being permanently assigned to each radio cell, and each having locating devices are provided in order to identify the radio cell corresponding to the vehicle location and to assign the mobile radio device to the radio concentrator corresponding to this radio cell.
  • the system of radio cells in mobile radio systems serves to make the radio channels, which are only available to a limited extent, usable in many ways.
  • the transmission power of the mobile radio devices in the vehicles and the radio concentrators is chosen so low that it can essentially only be received within a radio cell.
  • the same channels can then be used at a certain spatial distance. If the total number of participants in the mobile radio system is to be increased without additional radio frequencies being available, the number of radio cells must be increased and the size thereof must be reduced, the transmission power also being reduced at the same time.
  • a problem with mobile radio systems is the assignment of the vehicle positions to the relevant radio cells or the associated radio concentrators.
  • vehicle location is carried out for this purpose by means of field strength measurement or by means of transit time measurement.
  • Signals are exchanged between the radio concentrators and the vehicles in their range, whereby by determination the field strength or by measuring the transit times determine which radio concentrator is closest to the vehicle or has the best reception conditions.
  • Such measurement methods are indeed usable as long as the radio cells have a relatively large extension, so that signal falsifications, for example distortion of transit times due to reflections from buildings and the like, are negligible.
  • the requirements for radio location increase.
  • the location accuracy is principally limited due to the already mentioned disturbed radio wave propagation, since tall buildings shield direct radio transmission.
  • a radio contact only comes about through detours through numerous reflections, whereby these detours can amount to a few kilometers and can therefore be of the order of the radio cell diameter. If this happens, the location errors are no longer tolerable for the system.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a mobile radio system of the type mentioned, in which the location of the vehicles and thus their assignment to certain radio cells and radio concentrators is possible in a simple manner and with high accuracy, so that the reliability of the system is increased.
  • this object is achieved in that a navigation device is provided in each of the vehicles, which determines the location data of the vehicle by means of a vehicle's own dead reckoning navigation device, said beacon location data being corrected when passing through stationary beacons, and the mobile radio system being designed in such a way that that the location data determined in each case in the navigation device is transmitted to the mobile radio device of the vehicle and that the mobile radio device (MB) evaluates this location data by comparison with the location data of the individual radio cells to determine the associated radio cell or the associated radio concentrator.
  • a navigation device is provided in each of the vehicles, which determines the location data of the vehicle by means of a vehicle's own dead reckoning navigation device, said beacon location data being corrected when passing through stationary beacons, and the mobile radio system being designed in such a way that that the location data determined in each case in the navigation device is transmitted to the mobile radio device of the vehicle and that the mobile radio device (MB) evaluates this location data by comparison with the location data of the individual radio cells to determine the associated radio cell or the associated radio concentrator.
  • the invention thus works with a beacon-based dead reckoning system with which a very precise location determination of the vehicles can be carried out continuously while driving.
  • the construction of such a location system alone as a supplement to the mobile radio system would be relatively complex.
  • the costs for such a location in the mobile radio system are minimal if a navigation system of the type described is available as part of a traffic control system for individual traffic anyway, the infrastructure for the beacons being set up as part of the traffic control system and the individual vehicles equipped with a navigation device are.
  • a route guidance system is described, for example, in EP-PS 00 21 060 and 00 25 193.
  • the position data determined in the vehicle by the navigation device are simply transferred to the mobile radio device and transmitted from there to the radio concentrators which can be reached, the assignment to the radio cells in the radio concentrators being calculated.
  • the data of the radio cells are stored in the mobile radio device of the vehicle according to their location and dimensions, so that the mobile radio devices can independently calculate which radio cell they are currently in by comparing the radio cell data with the position data of the vehicle. You can then switch to the corresponding radio channel and register with the respective radio concentrators.
  • the radio cell data is stored depending on the shape of these radio cells, for example by storing the coordinates of the corner points of rectangles or by storing the center coordinates and the radii of circles.
  • the respective beacons as well as the location coordinates for the passage of a vehicle also transmit the location coordinates for the radio cells of a certain surrounding area, so that they can each be supplied to the mobile radio device and stored therein.
  • this information can also be used for the mobile radio system.
  • the radio concentrators concerned can already be notified of a change to a neighboring radio cell. In this way, it is also possible to make a telephone call from the beginning in the overlap zones via the radio cell into which the vehicle is entering. In this way, the need to change channels during a call will only rarely exist, even with radio cells of small dimensions.
  • a vehicle F contains a mobile radio device MB, which connects via an antenna AN in a known manner to a fixed radio concentrator FuKo, which is within the transmission range, and, if necessary, establishes a telephone connection via this radio concentrator.
  • the mobile radio device MB is connected to a navigation device N, which constantly determines its current location in the vehicle.
  • the vehicle also contains a dead reckoning navigation device KON, which processes the measured values of a magnetic field probe MS and a wheel pulse generator RIG and transmits the path vector calculated therefrom to the navigation device.
  • beacons BK are distributed over the road network, preferably at important intersections, which, among other things, send precise location reports with their own position coordinates, so that every passing vehicle receives these coordinates and uses them to correct their navigation device N. can.
  • the information transfer between the beacons BK and the vehicles F takes place, for. B. via infrared devices, in each beacon an infrared transmitter SB and an infrared receiver EB, an infrared transmitter SF and an infrared receiver EF are arranged in the individual vehicles.
  • the infrared devices of the beacons can be arranged, for example, on signal masts SM of the crossroads in addition to the traffic signal transmitters VSG.
  • the beacon BK is connected to a control center LZ via a line L and also receives control information from there. Since the beacon BK, like the navigation device N of the vehicle, is part of a route guidance or.
  • Control systems for vehicles are, not only the location data mentioned, but also additional guidance information is exchanged between the respective beacon BK and the vehicle F passing, for example, a destination request of the vehicle entered in a destination memory ZSp of the vehicle from vehicle F to beacon BK or direction recommendations and other information from the beacon BK to the vehicle F.
  • a destination request of the vehicle entered in a destination memory ZSp of the vehicle from vehicle F to beacon BK or direction recommendations and other information from the beacon BK to the vehicle F In the operating device B of the vehicle, in addition to the target memory ZSp already mentioned, an input keyboard TA and a direction indicator RA are provided. However, this is not the subject of the present application, so that it will not be discussed further here.
  • the current location calculated in each case in the navigation device N of the vehicle is fed, preferably in the form of coordinates, to the mobile radio device MB and compared there with radio cell data in a comparison device VGL for example, are stored in a radio cell memory FSp.
  • the mobile radio device determines in which radio cell the vehicle is located and with which radio concentrator a desired telephone connection is to be established accordingly.
  • the data stored in the radio cell memory FSp for the different radio cells are also transmitted from the beacon BK to the vehicle when they pass a beacon BK and are transmitted to the mobile radio device MB for updating the memory FSp. It is sufficient if the data for the radio cells in the vicinity of the beacon are transmitted and stored.
  • this or a guidance recommendation corresponding to the destination request and received by the beacon can also be communicated to the mobile radio device.
  • the mobile radio device MB can already announce a change from one radio cell to another to the radio concentrator.
  • FIG. 2 different radio cells Z1 to Zn are shown schematically, the size of z. B. the population density or traffic density is adjusted. They are each described by their center point coordinates (x i ; y i ), (x 2 ; y 2 ) to (x n ; y n and their radii n, r 2 to r n .
  • a radio concentrator is assigned to each radio cell, e.g. B.
  • the beacon BK transmits these cell names and coordinates as well as their own coordinates (x B ; ye) to all passing vehicles, for example to the vehicle F1 in Fig. 2.
  • the navigation device N (FIG. 1) continuously determines the position of the respective vehicle during the further journey and communicates this to the mobile radio device MB, which can determine by simple calculation in which radio cell the vehicle is located.
  • the vehicle F2 moves in an overlap zone of the radio cells Z1 and Z3 in the direction of the center of Z3. So it makes sense to start a conversation from the start via the radio cell Z3 and its radio concentrator FuKo, because then it is not necessary to switch to another channel as soon as possible.
  • the radio concentrators can be arranged eccentrically in the radio cells, as shown in the radio cell Z2 using the example of the radio concentrator FuKo2. It is also possible to supply several radio cells from a single location, for example using directional antennas.
  • the FuKo3-4-n radio concentrator is one such example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)

Abstract

1. Mobile radio system or producing telephone connections from and to vehicles (F) via radio links between vehicle-side mobile radio sets (MB) and stationary base stations (FuKo), the geographical area covered by the system being subdivided into a multiplicity of partially overlapping radio zones (Z1 to Zn) and each radio zone having a base station (FuKo) permanently assigned to it and in each case locating devices being provided in order to identify the radio zone (Z1 to Zn) corresponding to the location of the vehicle and to assign the mobile radio set (MB) to the base station corresponding to this radio zone, characterized in that in the vehicles (F) in each case a navigation unit (N) is provided which determines the location data of the vehicle by means of a vehicle-own dead-reckoning navigation system (KON), these data being corrected on passing stationary beacons with the beacon location data received thereby, and in that the mobile radio system is configured in such a way that the location data in each case determined in the navigation unit (N) are transmitted to the mobile radio set (MB) of the vehicle (F) and in that the mobile radio set (MB) evaluates these location data by comparison with the local data of the individual radio zones (Z1 to Zn) to determine the associated radio zone or the associated base station (FuKo).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Mobilfunksystem zur Herstellung von Femsprechverbindungen von und zu Fahrzeugen über Funkstrecken zwischen fahrzeugseitigen Mobilfunkgeräten und ortsfesten Funkkonzentratoren, wobei das vom System erfaßte geografische Gebiet in eine Vielzahl von sich teilweise überlappenden Funkzellen unterteilt und jeder Funkzelle ein Funkkonzentrator fest zugeordnet ist und wobei jeweils Ortungseinrichtungen vorgesehen sind, um die dem Fahrzeugstandort entsprechende Funkzelle zu identifizieren und das Mobilfunkgerät dem dieser Funkzelle entsprechenden Funkkonzentrator zuzuordnen.The invention relates to a mobile radio system for establishing telephonic connections to and from vehicles via radio links between on-board mobile radio devices and fixed radio concentrators, the geographical area covered by the system being divided into a plurality of partially overlapping radio cells and a radio concentrator being permanently assigned to each radio cell, and each having locating devices are provided in order to identify the radio cell corresponding to the vehicle location and to assign the mobile radio device to the radio concentrator corresponding to this radio cell.

Das System der Funkzellen in Mobilfunksystemen dient dazu, die nur begrenzt zur Verfügung stehenden Funkkanäle vielfach verwendbar zu machen. Dabei wird die Sendeleistung der Mobilfunkgeräte in den Fahrzeugen und der Funkkonzentratoren so niedrig gewählt, daß sie im wesentlichen nur innerhalb einer Funkzelle empfangen werden kann. In einem gewissen räumlichen Abstand können dann dieselben Kanäle wiederum verwendet werden. Soll die Gesamtzahl der Teilnehmer an dem Mobilfunksystem erhöht werden, ohne daß zusätzliche Funkfrequenzen verfügbar sind, so muß die Zahl der Funkzellen erhöht und deren Größe damit verkleinert werden, wobei gleichzeitig auch die Sendeleistung herabgesetzt wird.The system of radio cells in mobile radio systems serves to make the radio channels, which are only available to a limited extent, usable in many ways. The transmission power of the mobile radio devices in the vehicles and the radio concentrators is chosen so low that it can essentially only be received within a radio cell. The same channels can then be used at a certain spatial distance. If the total number of participants in the mobile radio system is to be increased without additional radio frequencies being available, the number of radio cells must be increased and the size thereof must be reduced, the transmission power also being reduced at the same time.

Ein Problem bei Mobilfunksystemen ist die Zuordnung der Fahrzeugpositionen zu den jeweils zuständigen Funkzellen bzw. den zugehörigen Funkkonzentratoren. Bei herkömmlichen Systemen (IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Febr. 1977, Seiten 43 bis 46) wird zu diesem Zweck eine Fahrzeugortung mittels Feldstärkemessung oder mittels Laufzeitmessung durchgeführt Dabei werden jeweils Signale zwischen den Funkkonzentratoren und den in ihrer Reichweite befindlichen Fahrzeugen ausgetauscht, wobei durch Bestimmung der Feldstärke oder durch Messung der Laufzeiten festgestellt wird, welcher Funkkonzentrator dem Fahrzeug am nächsten liegt bzw. die besten Empfangsbedingungen besitzt. Derartige Meßverfahren sind zwar brauchbar, solange die Funkzellen eine relativ große Ausdehnung haben, so daß Signalverfälschungen, beispielsweise Laufzeitverfälschungen durch Reflexionen an Gebäuden und dergl., nicht ins Gewicht fallen. Müssen jedoch die Durchmesser der Funkzellen aus den obengenannten Gründen auf einen oder wenige Kilometer verkleinert werden, so steigen die Anforderungen an die Funkortung. Im bebauten Gebiet wird die Ortungsgenauigkeit wegen der bereits erwähnten gestörten Ausbreitung der Funkwellen prinzipiell begrenzt, da hohe Gebäude die direkte Funkübertragung abschirmen. Ein Funkkontakt kommt dabei nur über Umwege durch zahlreiche Reflexionen zustande, wobei diese Umwege durchaus einige Kilometer betragen können und damit in der Größenordnung der Funkzellendurchmesser liegen können. Wenn dieser Fall eintritt, dann sind die Ortungsfehler für das System nicht mehr tragbar.A problem with mobile radio systems is the assignment of the vehicle positions to the relevant radio cells or the associated radio concentrators. In conventional systems (IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Feb. 1977, pages 43 to 46), vehicle location is carried out for this purpose by means of field strength measurement or by means of transit time measurement. Signals are exchanged between the radio concentrators and the vehicles in their range, whereby by determination the field strength or by measuring the transit times determine which radio concentrator is closest to the vehicle or has the best reception conditions. Such measurement methods are indeed usable as long as the radio cells have a relatively large extension, so that signal falsifications, for example distortion of transit times due to reflections from buildings and the like, are negligible. However, if the diameters of the radio cells have to be reduced to one or a few kilometers for the reasons mentioned above, the requirements for radio location increase. In the built-up area, the location accuracy is principally limited due to the already mentioned disturbed radio wave propagation, since tall buildings shield direct radio transmission. A radio contact only comes about through detours through numerous reflections, whereby these detours can amount to a few kilometers and can therefore be of the order of the radio cell diameter. If this happens, the location errors are no longer tolerable for the system.

Aus PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 6, Nr. 259 (E-149) [1137], 17. Dez. 1982, Seite 1 E 149; & JP-A 57 154 952 ist ein ähnliches System bekannt, bei dem ebenfalls Signale zwischen den Funkkonzentratoren und den in ihrer Reichweite befindlichen Fahrzeugen ausgetauscht werden, wobei die Position des Funkkonzentrators bestimmt und durch Vergleich der Positionssignale der jeweils nächstliegende ausgewählt wird. Auch bei diesem System ergeben sich jedoch die Probleme, wie sie oben bereits beschrieben wurden.From PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Volume 6, No. 259 (E-149) [1137], Dec. 17, 1982, page 1 E 149; JP-A 57 154 952 discloses a similar system in which signals are also exchanged between the radio concentrators and the vehicles in their range, the position of the radio concentrator being determined and the closest one being selected by comparing the position signals. However, this system also has the problems described above.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Mobilfunksystem der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei dem die Ortung der Fahrzeuge und damit deren Zuordnung zu bestimmten Funkzellen und Funkkonzentratoren auf einfache Weise und mit hoher Genauigkeit möglich ist, so daß die Zuverlässigkeit des Systems erhöht wird.The object of the invention is to provide a mobile radio system of the type mentioned, in which the location of the vehicles and thus their assignment to certain radio cells and radio concentrators is possible in a simple manner and with high accuracy, so that the reliability of the system is increased.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß in den Fahrzeugen jeweils ein Navigationsgerät vorgesehen ist, welches mittels einer fahrzeugeigenen Koppelnavigationseinrichtung die Standortdaten des Fahrzeugs ermittelt, wobei diese beim Passieren ortsfester Baken mit den dabei empfangenen Bakenstandortdaten korrigiert werden, und daß das Mobilfunksystem derart ausgelegt ist, daß die jeweils in dem Navigationsgerät ermittelten Standortdaten dem Mobilfunkgerät des Fahrzeuges übermittelt werden und daß das Mobilfunkgerät (MB) diese Standortdaten durch Vergleich mit den Ortsdaten der einzelnen Funkzellen zur Bestimmung der zugehörigen Funkzelle bzw. des zugehörigen Funkkonzentrators auswertet.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that a navigation device is provided in each of the vehicles, which determines the location data of the vehicle by means of a vehicle's own dead reckoning navigation device, said beacon location data being corrected when passing through stationary beacons, and the mobile radio system being designed in such a way that that the location data determined in each case in the navigation device is transmitted to the mobile radio device of the vehicle and that the mobile radio device (MB) evaluates this location data by comparison with the location data of the individual radio cells to determine the associated radio cell or the associated radio concentrator.

Die Erfindung arbeitet also mit einem bakengestützen Koppelnavigationssystem, mit welchem eine sehr genaue Standortbestimmung der Fahrzeuge ständig während der Fahrt durchführbar ist. Der Aufbau eines derartigen Ortungssystems allein als Ergänzung für das Mobilfunksystem wäre zwar verhältnismäßig aufwendig. Die Kosten für eine solche Ortung im Mobilfunksystem werden aber dann minimal, wenn ein Navigationssystem der geschilderten Art ohnehin als Teil eines Verkehrsleitsystems für den Individualverkehr vorhanden ist, wobei die Infrastruktur für die Leitbaken im Rahmen des Verkehrsleitsystems aufgebaut ist und die einzelnen Fahrzeuge mit einem Navigationsgerät ausgerüstet sind. Ein derartiges Zielführungssystem ist beispielsweise in den EP-PSen 00 21 060 und 00 25 193 beschrieben.The invention thus works with a beacon-based dead reckoning system with which a very precise location determination of the vehicles can be carried out continuously while driving. The construction of such a location system alone as a supplement to the mobile radio system would be relatively complex. However, the costs for such a location in the mobile radio system are minimal if a navigation system of the type described is available as part of a traffic control system for individual traffic anyway, the infrastructure for the beacons being set up as part of the traffic control system and the individual vehicles equipped with a navigation device are. Such a route guidance system is described, for example, in EP-PS 00 21 060 and 00 25 193.

Wird ein derartiges Verkehrsleitsystem für den Bereich des Mobilfunksystems flächendeckend eingeführt, um eine wirksame Verkehrsleitung, eine bessere Nutzung der Verkehrsflächen, eine Senkung des Treibstoffverbrauches, der Umweltbelastung und des Unfallrisikos zu erreichen, so ist damit zu rechnen, daß etwa zwischen 25 % und 50 % aller Fahrzeuge mit den Einrichtungen für die Nutzung des Leitsystems ausgestattet werden. Erfahrungsgemäß ist dann damit zu rechnen, daß auf jeden Fall Fahrer mit gehobenen Ansprüchen ihre Fahrzeuge mit den Einrichtungen für dieses System ausrüsten und damit über ein Navigationsgerät der obengenannten Art verfügen. Damit kann man aber davon ausgehen, daß alle Anwärter auf ein Autotelefon, die man mit großer Sicherheit dieser Gruppe zurechnen kann, über die entsprechenden Einrichtungen zur Koppelnavigation verfügen. Macht man nun also diese Positionsbestimmung erfindungsgemäß dem Mobilfunksystem nutzbar, indem die fahrzeugseitigen Mobilfunkgeräte die ermittelten Positionskoordinaten übernehmen, so kann die herkömmliche Positionsbestimmung bei den Funkkonzentratoren entfallen, wodurch das Mobilfunksystem vereinfacht, in seiner Zuverlässigkeit erhöht und in seiner Infrastruktur verbilligt wird.If such a traffic control system for the area of the mobile radio system is introduced across the board in order to achieve effective traffic management, better use of traffic areas, a reduction in fuel consumption, environmental pollution and the risk of accidents, it can be expected that between 25% and 50% all vehicles are equipped with the facilities for using the control system. Experience has shown that drivers with high demands will in any case equip their vehicles with the facilities for this system and thus have a navigation device of the type mentioned above. However, it can be assumed that all applicants for a car phone who are very likely to be in this group can have the appropriate facilities for dead reckoning. If you now make this position determination usable according to the invention by the mobile radio system by the vehicle-side mobile radio devices taking over the determined position coordinates, then the conventional position determination in the radio concentrators can be omitted, whereby the mobile radio system is simplified, its reliability is increased and its infrastructure is cheaper.

In einer einfachen Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die im Fahrzeug durch das Navigationsgerät ermittelten Positionsdaten einfach dem Mobilfunkgerät übergeben und von diesem an die erreichbaren Funkkonzentratoren übertragen, wobei die Zuordnung zu den Funkzellen in den Funkkonzentratoren errechnet wird. Noch vorteilhafter ist es allerdings, wenn im Mobilfunkgerät des Fahrzeuges die Daten der Funkzellen nach Lage und Abmessungen gespeichert werden, so daß die Mobilfunkgeräte - selbständig durch Vergleich der Funkzellendaten mit den Positionsdaten des Fahrzeugs berechnen können, in welcher Funkzelle sie sich gerade befinden. Sie können sich dann auf den entsprechenden Funkkanal schalten und bei den jeweiligen Funkkonzentratoren an- bzw. abmelden. Die Speicherung der Funkzellendaten erfolgt je nach der Form dieser Funkzellen, beispielsweise durch Speicherung der Koordinaten der Eckpunkte von Rechtecken oder durch Speicherung der Mittelpunktkoordinaten und der Radien von Kreisen.In a simple embodiment of the invention, the position data determined in the vehicle by the navigation device are simply transferred to the mobile radio device and transmitted from there to the radio concentrators which can be reached, the assignment to the radio cells in the radio concentrators being calculated. However, it is even more advantageous if the data of the radio cells are stored in the mobile radio device of the vehicle according to their location and dimensions, so that the mobile radio devices can independently calculate which radio cell they are currently in by comparing the radio cell data with the position data of the vehicle. You can then switch to the corresponding radio channel and register with the respective radio concentrators. The radio cell data is stored depending on the shape of these radio cells, for example by storing the coordinates of the corner points of rectangles or by storing the center coordinates and the radii of circles.

Im allgemeinen würde es allerdings zuviel Speicherplatz beanspruchen, die Daten für sämtliche Funkzellen des gesamten Systemgebiets in jedem Mobilfunkgerät zu speichern. Vorteilhaft ist es deshalb, wenn die jeweiligen Baken beim Passieren eines Fahrzeugs neben den Standortkoordinaten auch die Lagekoordinaten für die Funkzellen eines gewissen Umgebungsbereiches mit übertragen, so daß diese jeweils dem Mobilfunkgerät zugeführt und in diesem gespeichert werden können.In general, however, it would take up too much memory space to store the data for all radio cells in the entire system area in each mobile radio device. It is therefore advantageous if the respective beacons as well as the location coordinates for the passage of a vehicle also transmit the location coordinates for the radio cells of a certain surrounding area, so that they can each be supplied to the mobile radio device and stored therein.

Soweit der Fahrzeugführer zum Zweck der individuellen Verkehrsleitung sein Reiseziel in einen Zielspeicher des Fahrzeugs eingegeben hat, kann diese Information zusätzlich für das Mobilfunksystem ausgenutzt werden. Aufgrund der Kenntnis der empfohlenen Fahrtroute kann den betreffenden Funkkonzentratoren ein Wechsel in eine benachbarte Funkzelle bereits vorangekündigt werden. Auf diese Weise ist es auch möglich, in Überlappungszonen ein Telefongespräch von Anfang über die Funkzelle zu führen, in die das Fahrzeug einfährt. Auf diese Weise wird die Notwendigkeit, während eines Gesprächs einen Kanalwechsel vorzunehmen, auch bei Funkzellen kleiner Abmessungen nur selten vorliegen.If the vehicle driver has entered his travel destination into a destination memory of the vehicle for the purpose of individual traffic management, this information can also be used for the mobile radio system. Based on the knowledge of the recommended route, the radio concentrators concerned can already be notified of a change to a neighboring radio cell. In this way, it is also possible to make a telephone call from the beginning in the overlap zones via the radio cell into which the vehicle is entering. In this way, the need to change channels during a call will only rarely exist, even with radio cells of small dimensions.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 ein Fahrzeug in schematischer Darstellung mit einer Bake und einem Funkkonzentrator sowie den in einem Blockschaltbild dargestellten Einrichtungen für die Zuordnung von Ortung und Mobilfunksystem,
  • Fig. 2 die schematische Darstellunge einiger Funkzellen mit Funkkonzentratoren und zugeordneten Fahrzeugen.
The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • 1 is a schematic representation of a vehicle with a beacon and a radio concentrator and the devices shown in a block diagram for the assignment of location and mobile radio system,
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of some radio cells with radio concentrators and assigned vehicles.

Fig. 1 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung die gerätetechnische Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemä-Ben Kombination eines Mobilfunksystems mit einem Navigafionssystem. Ein Fahrzeug F enthält ein Mobiifunkgerät MB, welches über eine Antenne AN in bekannter Weise mit einem ortsfesten Funkkonzentrator FuKo, der in Sendereichweite steht, in Verbindung tritt und auf Bedarf eine Femsprechverbindung über diesen Funkkonzentrator aufbaut. Um die Zuordnung des Fahrzeugs zu einer bestimmten Funkzelle und zu einem zugehörigen Funkkonzentrator zu ermitteln, ist das Mobilfunkgerät MB mit einem Navigationsgerät N verbunden, welches im Fahrzeug ständig dessen aktuellen Standort feststellt. Zu diesem Zweck enthält das Fahrzeug auch noch eine Koppelnavigationseinrichtung KON, welches die Meßwerte einer Magnetfeldsonde MS und eines Radimpulsgebers RIG verarbeitet und den daraus jeweils errechneten Wegvektor an das Navigationsgerät gibt. Um eine Fehlersummierung des Koppelnavigationssystems zu vermeiden, sind über das Straßennetz verteilt, vorzugsweise an wichtigen Kreuzungen, Baken BK aufgestellt, welche jeweils unter anderem genaue Standortmeldungen mit ihren eigenen Positionskoordinaten aussenden, so daß jedes passierende Fahrzeug diese Koordinaten empfangen und zur Korrektur seines Navigationsgerätes N verwerten kann.1 shows a schematic representation of the technical configuration of the combination according to the invention of a mobile radio system with a navigation system. A vehicle F contains a mobile radio device MB, which connects via an antenna AN in a known manner to a fixed radio concentrator FuKo, which is within the transmission range, and, if necessary, establishes a telephone connection via this radio concentrator. In order to determine the assignment of the vehicle to a specific radio cell and to an associated radio concentrator, the mobile radio device MB is connected to a navigation device N, which constantly determines its current location in the vehicle. For this purpose, the vehicle also contains a dead reckoning navigation device KON, which processes the measured values of a magnetic field probe MS and a wheel pulse generator RIG and transmits the path vector calculated therefrom to the navigation device. In order to avoid error summation of the dead reckoning system, beacons BK are distributed over the road network, preferably at important intersections, which, among other things, send precise location reports with their own position coordinates, so that every passing vehicle receives these coordinates and uses them to correct their navigation device N. can.

Die Informationsübertragung zwischen den Baken BK und den Fahrzeugen F erfolgt z. B. über Infrarotgeräte, wobei in jeder Bake jeweils ein Infrarotsender SB und ein Infrarotempfänger EB, in den einzelnen Fahrzeugen jeweils ein Infrarotsender SF und ein Infrarotempfänger EF angeordnet sind. Die Infrarotgeräte der Baken können beispielsweise an Signalmasten SM der Straßenkreuzungen zusätzlich zu den Verkehrssignalgebern VSG angeordnet sein. Die Bake BK steht über eine Leitung L mit einer Leitzentrale LZ in Verbindung und erhält von dort auch Leitinformationen. Da die Bake BK ebenso wie das Navigationsgerät N des Fahrzeugs Teil eines Zielführungs-bzw. Leitsystems für Fahrzeuge sind, werden zwischen der jeweiligen Bake BK und dem jeweils passierenden Fahrzeug F nicht nur die erwähnten Standortdaten, sondern zusätzliche Leitinformationen ausgetauscht, beispielsweise ein in einem Zielspeicher ZSp des Fahrzeugs eingegebener Zielwunsch des Fahrzeugs vom Fahrzeug F zur Bake BK bzw. Fahrtrichtungsempfehlungen und andere Informationen von der Bake BK zum Fahrzeug F. In dem Bediengerät B des Fahrzeugs sind neben dem bereits erwähnten Zielspeicher ZSp eine Eingabetastatur TA sowie eine Richtungsanzeige RA vorgesehen. Dies ist jedoch nicht Gegenstand der vorliegenden Anmeldung, so daß hierauf nicht weiter eingegangen wird.The information transfer between the beacons BK and the vehicles F takes place, for. B. via infrared devices, in each beacon an infrared transmitter SB and an infrared receiver EB, an infrared transmitter SF and an infrared receiver EF are arranged in the individual vehicles. The infrared devices of the beacons can be arranged, for example, on signal masts SM of the crossroads in addition to the traffic signal transmitters VSG. The beacon BK is connected to a control center LZ via a line L and also receives control information from there. Since the beacon BK, like the navigation device N of the vehicle, is part of a route guidance or. Control systems for vehicles are, not only the location data mentioned, but also additional guidance information is exchanged between the respective beacon BK and the vehicle F passing, for example, a destination request of the vehicle entered in a destination memory ZSp of the vehicle from vehicle F to beacon BK or direction recommendations and other information from the beacon BK to the vehicle F. In the operating device B of the vehicle, in addition to the target memory ZSp already mentioned, an input keyboard TA and a direction indicator RA are provided. However, this is not the subject of the present application, so that it will not be discussed further here.

Der im Navigationsgerät N des Fahrzeugs jeweils errechnete aktuelle Standort wird, vorzugsweise in Form von Koordinaten, dem Mobilfunkgerät MB zugeführt und dort in einer Vergleichseinrichtung VGL mit Funkzellendaten verglichen, die beispielsweise in einem Funkzellenspeicher FSp gespeichert sind. Entsprechend dem Vergleichsergebnis stellt das Mobilfunkgerät fest, in welcher Funkzelle sich das Fahrzeug befindet und mit welchem Funkkonzentrator dementsprechend eine gewünschte Fernsprechverbindung aufgebaut werden soll. Die im Funkzellenspeicher FSp gespeicherten Daten für die verschiedenen Funkzellen werden ebenfalls jeweils beim Passieren einer Bake BK von dieser an das Fahrzeug übertragen und dem Mobilfunkgerät MB zur Aktualisierung des Speichers FSp übertragen. Dabei genügt es, wenn jeweils für die Funkzellen im Umgebungsbereich der Bake die Daten übertragen und gespeichert werden.The current location calculated in each case in the navigation device N of the vehicle is fed, preferably in the form of coordinates, to the mobile radio device MB and compared there with radio cell data in a comparison device VGL for example, are stored in a radio cell memory FSp. According to the comparison result, the mobile radio device determines in which radio cell the vehicle is located and with which radio concentrator a desired telephone connection is to be established accordingly. The data stored in the radio cell memory FSp for the different radio cells are also transmitted from the beacon BK to the vehicle when they pass a beacon BK and are transmitted to the mobile radio device MB for updating the memory FSp. It is sufficient if the data for the radio cells in the vicinity of the beacon are transmitted and stored.

Wenn im Zielspeicher ZSp des Fahrzeugs ein Zielwunsch eingegeben ist, kann dieser bzw. eine dem Zielwunsch entsprechende, von der Bake empfangene Leitempfehlung, ebenfalls dem Mobilfunkgerät mitgeteilt werden. Aufgrund solcher Zieldaten kann das Mobilfunkgerät MB dem Funkkonzentrator bereits einen Wechsel von einer Funkzelle zu einer anderen ankündigen. Andererseits ist es möglich, bereits beim Aufbau einer Funk-Fernsprechverbindung die Zieldaten zu berücksichtigen und von zwei in Betracht kommenden Funkkonzentratoren denjenigen auswählen, in dessen Bereich bzw. in dessen Funkzelle sich das Fahrzeug im weiteren Verlauf befinden wird.If a destination request is entered in the destination memory ZSp of the vehicle, this or a guidance recommendation corresponding to the destination request and received by the beacon can also be communicated to the mobile radio device. Based on such target data, the mobile radio device MB can already announce a change from one radio cell to another to the radio concentrator. On the other hand, it is possible to take the target data into account already when establishing a radio telephone connection and to select from two radio concentrators in question the one in whose area or in the radio cell the vehicle will be located in the further course.

In Fig. 2 sind schematisch verschiedene Funkzellen Z1 bis Zn dargestellt, deren Größe z. B. der Besiedelungsdichte oder der Verkehrsdichte angepaßt ist. Sie werden jeweils durch ihre Mittelpunkt-Koordinaten (xi; yi), (x2; y2) bis (xn; yn und ihre Radien n, r2 bis rn beschrieben. Jeder Funkzelle ist ein Funkkonzentrator zugeordnet, z. B. der Funkkonzentrator FuKol der Funkzelle Z1. Die Bake BK überträgt diese Zellenbezeichnungen und -koordinaten sowie ihre eigenen Koordinaten (xB; ye) an alle passierenden Fahrzeuge, in Fig. 2 z. B. an das Fahrzeug F1. Das Navigationsgerät N (Fig. 1) bestimmt während der weiteren Fahrt laufend die Position des jeweiligen Fahrzeugs und teilt diese dem Mobilfunkgerät MB mit. Dieses kann durch einfache Berechnung feststellen, in welcher Funkzelle sich das Fahrzeug befindet.In Fig. 2 different radio cells Z1 to Zn are shown schematically, the size of z. B. the population density or traffic density is adjusted. They are each described by their center point coordinates (x i ; y i ), (x 2 ; y 2 ) to (x n ; y n and their radii n, r 2 to r n . A radio concentrator is assigned to each radio cell, e.g. B. The radio concentrator FuKol of the radio cell Z1 The beacon BK transmits these cell names and coordinates as well as their own coordinates (x B ; ye) to all passing vehicles, for example to the vehicle F1 in Fig. 2. The navigation device N (FIG. 1) continuously determines the position of the respective vehicle during the further journey and communicates this to the mobile radio device MB, which can determine by simple calculation in which radio cell the vehicle is located.

Das Fahrzeug F2 bewegt sich bei dem Beispiel in Fig. 2 in einer Uberlappungszone der Funkzellen Z1 und Z3 in Richtung zum Zentrum von Z3. Es ist also sinnvoll, ein beginnendes Gespräch von vomherein über die Funkzelle Z3 und deren Funkkonzentrator FuKo abzuwickeln, weil dann nicht sobald auf einen anderen Kanal umgeschaltet werden muß.In the example in FIG. 2, the vehicle F2 moves in an overlap zone of the radio cells Z1 and Z3 in the direction of the center of Z3. So it makes sense to start a conversation from the start via the radio cell Z3 and its radio concentrator FuKo, because then it is not necessary to switch to another channel as soon as possible.

Durch die Übertragung der Funkkreis-Koordinaten über Baken gewinnt man außerdem eine größere Freizügigkeit bezüglich des Aufstellungsortes der Funkkonzentrator-Antennen. Bei einer Ortung der Fahrzeuge über Laufzeitmessung müßten sie im Zentrum ihrer Funkzellen angeordnet sein. Dort kann jedoch eine Montage unter Umständen auf Schwierigkeiten stoßen, weil beispielsweise keine geeigneten Gebäude bzw. Gelände zur Verfügung stehen. Erfolgt die Positionsbestimmung jedoch erfindungsgemäß über Baken, so können die Funkkonzentratoren exzentrisch in den Funkzellen angeordnet werden, wie am Beispiel des Funkkonzentrators FuKo2 in der Funkzelle Z2 dargestellt. Auch eine Versorgung von mehreren Funkzellen von einer einzigen Stelle aus, beispielsweise über Richtantennen ist möglich. Ein solches Beispiel stellt der Funkkonzentrator FuKo3-4-n dar.By transmitting the radio circuit coordinates via beacons, you also gain greater freedom of movement with regard to the location of the radio concentrator antennas. If the vehicles were located by measuring the transit time, they would have to be arranged in the center of their radio cells. There, however, assembly may encounter difficulties because, for example, no suitable buildings or grounds are available. However, if the position is determined according to the invention using beacons, the radio concentrators can be arranged eccentrically in the radio cells, as shown in the radio cell Z2 using the example of the radio concentrator FuKo2. It is also possible to supply several radio cells from a single location, for example using directional antennas. The FuKo3-4-n radio concentrator is one such example.

Claims (5)

1. Mobile radio system or producing telephone connections from and to vehicles (F) via radio links between vehicle-side mobile radio sets (MB) and stationary base stations (FuKo), the geographical area covered by the system being subdivided into a multiplicity of partially overlapping radio zones (Z1) to Zn) and each radio zone having a base station (FuKo) permanently assigned to it and in each case locating devices being provided in order to identify the radio zone (Z1 to Zn) corresponding to the location of the vehicle and to assign the mobile radio set (MB) to the base station corresponding to this radio zone, characterized in that in the vehicles (F) in each case a navigation unit (N) is provided which determines the location data of the vehicle by means of a vehide-own dead-redconing navigation system (KON), these data being corrected on passing stationary beacons with the beacon location data received thereby, and in that the mobile radio system is configured in such a way that the location data in each case determined in the navigation unit (N) are transmitted to the mobile radio set (MB) of the vehicle (F) and in that the mobile radio set (MB) evaluates these location data by comparison with the local data of the individual radio zones (Z1 to Zn) to determine the associated radio zone or the associated base station (FuKo).
2. Mobile radio system according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the relevant mobile radio set (MB) a memory (FSp) is provided for storing the local data for a plurality of radio zones.
3. Mobile radio system according to Claim 2, characterized in that in each case the local data for one or more radio zones (Z1 to Zn) can be transmitted from the beacons (BK) to the passing vehicles (F).
4. Mobile radio system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the location data determined in the vehicles (F) are transmitted via the mobile radio set (MB) to the base stations (FuKo) in range and evaluated there for the purpose of assigning the vehicle (F) to a radio zone (Z1 to Zn).
5. Mobile radio system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the contents of the destination memories (ZSp) provided in each case in the vehicles or routing recommendations received from the beacons (BK) are transmitted to the mobile radio set (MB) and in that the assignment to a base station (FuKo) is carried out taking into account these destination data.
EP86105205A 1985-04-17 1986-04-15 Mobile radio system Expired - Lifetime EP0199266B1 (en)

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DE3672376D1 (en) 1990-08-09
EP0199266A1 (en) 1986-10-29
ATE54398T1 (en) 1990-07-15

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